superfluity
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C2 noun /ˌsuː.pɚˈfluː.ə.t̬i/

superfluity

superfluidad
Meaning
An excessive amount of something; more than what is needed.
Example
The room was filled with a superfluity of decorations.
La habitación estaba llena de una superfluidad de decoraciones.
C2 noun /ˈbɒnəmi/

bonhomie

bonhomía
Meaning
Cheerful friendliness and geniality.
Example
The meeting was filled with laughter and bonhomie.
La reunión estaba llena de risas y bonhomía.
B2 noun /ˈwɒrənti/

warranty

garantía
Meaning
A written guarantee given by a manufacturer or seller promising to repair or replace a product if necessary within a specified period.
Example
The laptop comes with a two-year warranty.
El portátil viene con una garantía de dos años.
B2 phrase ˈɡləʊ.bəl ˌkəʊ.ɒp.əˈreɪ.ʃən

global cooperation

cooperación global
Meaning
International collaboration and working together across countries to address common challenges and goals.
Example
Global cooperation is essential to address climate challenges.
La cooperación global es esencial para abordar los desafíos climáticos.
C2 adjective /ˈlɪmbər/

limber

flexible y ágil
Meaning
Flexible and agile in body or movement.
Example
Dancers need to stay limber to perform well.
Los bailarines deben mantenerse flexibles para rendir bien.
C2 noun /daɪˈvɛstɪtʃər/

divestiture

desinversión
Meaning
the action of selling off or disposing of business interests or assets
Example
The divestiture of the subsidiary was completed last year.
La desinversión de la filial se completó el año pasado.
B2 verb /dʌmp/

dump

dejar caer o desechar algo descuidadamente
Meaning
to drop or dispose of something carelessly; to end a relationship suddenly
Example
He dumped all the trash into the bin.
Él tiró toda la basura en el bote.
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈrʌn/

overrun

invadir
Meaning
to spread over or occupy completely; to exceed a limit or time
Example
The garden was overrun with weeds.
El jardín estaba invadido de maleza.
B2 noun /ɪnˈtɛnt/

intent

intención
Meaning
the purpose or reason behind an action; a strong determination to do something
Example
Her intent was to improve the quality of education in the community.
Su intención era mejorar la calidad de la educación en la comunidad.
C2 noun /bɒmˈbeɪ dʌk/

Bombay duck

pez bombay
Meaning
a type of lizardfish found in coastal waters, commonly eaten dried and salted in South Asia
Example
Bombay duck is a popular delicacy when dried and fried.
El pez Bombay es un manjar popular cuando se seca y se fríe.
B2 adjective /ˈtɛlɪŋ/

telling

revelador
Meaning
Revealing something significant or giving important information.
Example
Her silence was more telling than words.
Su silencio era más revelador que las palabras.
A2 noun /frʌnt/

front

delante
Meaning
the forward-facing part of something
Example
The house has a garden in front.
La casa tiene un jardín delante.
C1 noun স্ক্রোলিং অ্যাডিকশন

scrolling addiction

adicción al desplazamiento
Meaning
A compulsive need to continuously scroll through content on digital devices, particularly smartphones and social media platforms.
Example
Scrolling addiction is a growing concern among smartphone users.
La adicción al desplazamiento es una preocupación creciente entre los usuarios de teléfonos inteligentes.
C2 noun /hɜːrˈbɛəriəm/

herbarium

herbario
Meaning
A collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study.
Example
The university maintains a large herbarium for research and education.
La universidad mantiene un gran herbario para la investigación y la educación.
C2 noun /ˈbrɪtɪˌsɪzəm/

briticism

palabra o característica del inglés británico
Meaning
a word, phrase, or characteristic feature of British English
Example
The word 'lorry' is a well-known Briticism.
La palabra 'lorry' es un briticismo bien conocido.
B1 adverb /ˈtɛrəbli/

terribly

terriblemente
Meaning
to a very great or extreme degree; very badly or unpleasantly
Example
He felt terribly sad after hearing the news.
Se sintió terriblemente triste después de escuchar la noticia.
B2 noun ˈbleɪzə

blazer

blazer
Meaning
A coloured jacket worn by members of a club, team, or school as part of a uniform.
Example
He looked sharp in his navy blue blazer at the event.
Él lucía elegante en su blazer azul marino en el evento.
C2 adjective /ˈdəʊl.səm/

dolesome

triste
Meaning
Filled with grief or sadness; mournful.
Example
The dolesome ballad brought tears to their eyes.
La balada triste trajo lágrimas a sus ojos.
B2 noun /ˈraɪdər/

rider

jinete
Meaning
A person who rides a horse, bicycle, motorcycle, or other vehicle.
Example
The rider fell off the horse.
El jinete cayó del caballo.
A2 noun /teɪst/

Taste

sabor; preferencia personal
Meaning
the sensation produced when food touches the tongue; personal preference or liking
Example
This cake has a sweet taste that I really enjoy.
Este pastel tiene un sabor dulce que realmente disfruto.
A1 verb /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

understand

entender
Meaning
to know the meaning of something; to comprehend
Example
Do you understand the instructions?
¿Entiendes las instrucciones?
B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

prometedor
Meaning
showing signs of future success or potential
Example
She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.
Ella es una joven científica prometedora con grandes ideas.
C2 noun /ˈtæksɪˌdɜːrmi/

taxidermy

taxidermia
Meaning
The art of preparing, stuffing, and mounting the skins of animals for display.
Example
The museum had a large collection of taxidermy animals.
El museo tenía una gran colección de animales disecados.
B2 adjective /ˈkʌltʃəd/

cultured

culto
Meaning
characterized by refined taste, manners, and education
Example
She is a cultured woman who loves art and literature.
Ella es una mujer culta que ama el arte y la literatura.
B2 verb /ænˈtɪsɪˌpeɪt/

anticipate

anticipar
Meaning
to expect or look forward to something; to realize or foresee in advance
Example
We anticipate a large crowd at the event.
Esperamos una gran multitud en el evento.
C2 noun /əˈstɪɡmətɪzəm/

astigmatism

astigmatismo
Meaning
An eye defect causing blurred vision due to irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.
Example
She wears glasses to correct her astigmatism.
Ella usa gafas para corregir su astigmatismo.
B2 noun/verb /dɪˈspjuːt/

dispute

disputa, desacuerdo
Meaning
a disagreement or argument about something important
Example
The two countries are in dispute over the border issue.
Los dos países están en disputa sobre el tema de la frontera.
B1 adjective /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/

Engaged

ocupado; involucrado; comprometido
Meaning
busy; occupied; involved in activity; betrothed
Example
He is engaged in important research work.
Él está ocupado en una investigación importante.
B1 noun /kənˈfjuː.ʒən/

Confusion

confusión, desconcierto, caos
Meaning
lack of understanding; uncertainty; the state of being bewildered or unclear in one's mind
Example
There was confusion about the meeting time, so half the team arrived late.
Hubo confusión sobre la hora de la reunión, por lo que la mitad del equipo llegó tarde.
B2 verb kəˈlæbəreɪt

collaborate

colaborar
Meaning
To work jointly with others, especially in an intellectual endeavor; cooperate.
Example
Volunteers often collaborate with local organizations.
Los voluntarios a menudo colaboran con organizaciones locales.
C1 noun /ˈɒktɪv/

octave

octava
Meaning
A series of eight musical notes, or the interval between one musical pitch and another with double its frequency.
Example
The singer's voice could easily reach the higher octave.
La voz del cantante podría alcanzar fácilmente la octava más alta.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɪ.prə.kəl/

Reciprocal

recíproco; mutuo; compartido por ambas partes;
Meaning
given or done in return; mutual; shared equally by both parties;
Example
The two countries have a reciprocal trade agreement.
Los dos países tienen un acuerdo comercial recíproco.
C2 adjective /ˈblaɪðsəm/

blithesome

alegre
Meaning
cheerful, carefree, and full of joy
Example
She entered the room with a blithesome smile that lifted everyone's spirits.
Ella entró en la habitación con una sonrisa alegre que levantó el ánimo de todos.
C2 noun /vɪm/

vim

vigor
Meaning
energy and enthusiasm
Example
She performed the dance with great vim and vigor.
Ella realizó la danza con gran vigor y energía.
C1 noun /ˌænəlˈdʒiːzɪk/

analgesic

analgésico
Meaning
A drug or substance that relieves pain.
Example
She took an analgesic to ease her headache.
Ella tomó un analgésico para aliviar su dolor de cabeza.
C2 noun /rɪˈfɛktəri/

refectory

comedor
Meaning
a dining hall, especially in a monastery, convent, or school
Example
Students had lunch in the refectory.
Los estudiantes almorzaron en el comedor.
C1 noun prəˈpʌl.ʃən

propulsion

propulsión
Meaning
The action of driving or pushing forward.
Example
Jet engines provide propulsion for aircraft to travel long distances.
Los motores a reacción proporcionan propulsión a las aeronaves para viajar largas distancias.
C2 noun /ˈmeɪdənˌhʊd/

maidenhood

juventud
Meaning
The state of being a maiden; girlhood or virginity.
Example
The poem celebrated the innocence of maidenhood.
El poema celebró la inocencia de la juventud.
B2 verb /ˈtɛrəˌfaɪ/

terrify

aterrorizar
Meaning
To cause someone to feel extreme fear.
Example
The loud thunder terrified the children.
El fuerte trueno aterrorizó a los niños.
B1 adjective /ˈæktʃuəl/

actual

real
Meaning
real and existing, not just imagined or supposed
Example
The actual cost was higher than expected.
El costo real fue más alto de lo esperado.
C1 adjective /ˈskwɒlɪd/

squalid

extremadamente sucio
Meaning
extremely dirty and unpleasant, often due to poverty or neglect
Example
He lived in a squalid room with broken furniture.
Vivía en una habitación sucia con muebles rotos.
C1 adjective /prəˈdɪdʒəs/

prodigious

prodigioso
Meaning
remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree
Example
The team made a prodigious effort to complete the project on time.
El equipo hizo un esfuerzo prodigioso para completar el proyecto a tiempo.
C2 adjective /ˈfækʃəs/

factious

faccionado
Meaning
causing disagreement or division within a group; inclined to form factions
Example
The debate became factious, splitting the committee into rival camps.
El debate se volvió faccioso, dividiendo al comité en campos rivales.
B2 noun/verb /bʌk/

buck

ciervo macho / resistir
Meaning
A male deer; also to resist or oppose strongly.
Example
The horse began to buck wildly as the rider tried to hold on.
El caballo comenzó a buckear salvajemente mientras el jinete intentaba mantenerse firme.
C1 noun /ˈkɒndɪmənt/

condiment

condimento
Meaning
a substance such as salt, mustard, or ketchup that is used to add flavor to food
Example
Ketchup is a popular condiment in many countries.
El kétchup es un condimento popular en muchos países.
B1 noun /ˈnɜːrsəri/

nursery

guardería
Meaning
a room or place where young children are cared for
Example
She works in a nursery, taking care of infants.
Ella trabaja en una guardería, cuidando a los infantes.
A2 noun /ˈjuːzər/

user

usuario
Meaning
a person who uses or operates something
Example
He is a frequent user of this app.
Él es un usuario frecuente de esta aplicación.
B1 noun /ˈdɛv.əl/

devil

diablo
Meaning
An evil spirit or supernatural being often regarded as the embodiment of wickedness and harm.
Example
The story warned children about making deals with the devil.
La historia advirtió a los niños sobre hacer tratos con el diablo.
A2 noun/verb /ˈbætəl/

battle

batalla
Meaning
A fight between armed forces or a struggle to achieve or resist something.
Example
The soldiers prepared for the final battle.
Los soldados se prepararon para la batalla final.
A2 verb /ˈmæri/

marry

casarse
Meaning
to become husband and wife; to perform a wedding ceremony
Example
They plan to marry next summer.
Planean casarse el próximo verano.
C1 verb /ˈkriːmeɪt/

cremate

cremar
Meaning
to burn a dead body to ashes as a funeral rite
Example
According to his wishes, they cremated his body after the funeral.
Según sus deseos, cremaron su cuerpo después del funeral.
C2 adjective /ʌnˈtʃeɪst/

Unchaste

inmoral; impuro;
Meaning
not celibate; having engaged in sexual relations; lacking moral purity
Example
The conservative society considered her behavior unchaste and improper.
La sociedad conservadora consideró su comportamiento inmoral e inapropiado.
B1 adverb /ˈhoʊpfəli/

hopefully

con esperanza
Meaning
in a hopeful manner; expressing hope or optimism
Example
Hopefully, the weather will be nice tomorrow.
Ojalá, el clima esté bonito mañana.
B2 verb /əbˈteɪn/

obtain

obtener
Meaning
to get or acquire something
Example
You need to obtain a visa before traveling abroad.
Necesitas obtener una visa antes de viajar al extranjero.
B1 noun ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ æps

language apps

aplicaciones de idiomas
Meaning
Mobile or computer applications designed to help users learn new languages through interactive lessons and exercises.
Example
Language apps make learning easier.
Las aplicaciones de idiomas hacen que aprender sea más fácil.
C2 adjective /ˌoʊpəˈlɛsənt/

opalescent

opalescente
Meaning
showing or reflecting a milky, iridescent light like an opal
Example
The opalescent sky glowed with shades of pink and blue.
El cielo opalescente brillaba con tonos de rosa y azul.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈhɜːrt/

unhurt

ileso
Meaning
Not injured or harmed.
Example
She walked away from the accident unhurt.
Ella caminó lejos del accidente sin sufrir daño.
C1 noun /ˌaɪ.diˈɒl.ə.dʒi/

ideology

ideología
Meaning
A system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.
Example
Democracy is based on the ideology of freedom and equality.
La democracia se basa en la ideología de la libertad y la igualdad.
A1 noun /roʊd/

road

camino
Meaning
a wide way leading from one place to another
Example
We drove along the road to the village.
Conducíamos por el camino hacia el pueblo.
B2 verb /ədˈmɪnɪstər/

administer

administrar
Meaning
to manage or control the running of; to give or apply medicine or treatment
Example
The nurse will administer the vaccine to all patients.
La enfermera administrará la vacuna a todos los pacientes.
B2 noun /ˈbæk.boʊn/

Backbone

columna vertebral
Meaning
the series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the pelvis; spine
Example
He injured his backbone in the accident.
Él se lesionó la columna vertebral en el accidente.
C1 noun ˈɛf.lu.ənt

effluent

aguas residuales o contaminadas
Meaning
Liquid waste or sewage discharged into a river or the sea.
Example
Factory effluent contaminates nearby rivers and lakes.
El efluente de la fábrica contamina los ríos y lagos cercanos.
C1 adjective /ˌhɪpəˈkrɪtɪkəl/

Hypocritical

hipócrita
Meaning
behaving in a way that contradicts one's stated beliefs or values
Example
It's hypocritical to preach honesty while lying yourself.
Es hipócrita predicar honestidad mientras mientes.
A2 verb /ˈentər/

enter

entrar
Meaning
to go into; to come or go inside
Example
Please knock before you enter the room.
Por favor, golpee antes de entrar a la habitación.
B1 adjective /dɪˈmændɪŋ/

demanding

exigente
Meaning
requiring much effort, skill, or attention; difficult to satisfy
Example
The job is very demanding and requires long hours of work.
El trabajo es muy exigente y requiere largas horas de trabajo.
C1 adjective /ˈkræfti/

crafty

astuto, ingenioso, tramposo
Meaning
skilled at achieving goals through cunning or deceit; sly
Example
The crafty fox evaded the hunters again.
El astuto zorro evadió a los cazadores nuevamente.
A1 noun, verb /wɪl/

will

voluntad
Meaning
expressing future tense or intention; a legal document
Example
She will attend the meeting tomorrow.
Ella asistirá a la reunión mañana.
C2 noun /voʊˈsɪfərəns/

vociferance

gritar fuerte
Meaning
the act of shouting or making a loud outcry
Example
The vociferance of the protesters filled the streets.
La vociferancia de los manifestantes llenó las calles.
B2 noun /ˈɪmɪɡrənt/

immigrant

inmigrante
Meaning
a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country
Example
The city has welcomed many new immigrants this year.
La ciudad ha dado la bienvenida a muchos nuevos inmigrantes este año.
C1 noun dɪˌlɪb.əˈreɪ.ʃən

deliberation

deliberación
Meaning
Long and careful consideration or discussion.
Example
The agreement was finalized after much deliberation.
El acuerdo se finalizó después de mucha deliberación.
C2 adjective /ˈwɪznd/

wizened

arrugado
Meaning
Shriveled, wrinkled, or withered, often due to age.
Example
The wizened tree stood in the field for centuries.
El árbol arrugado estuvo en el campo durante siglos.
C1 adjective /sɪˈkluːdɪd/

secluded

aislado
Meaning
Placed apart from other people or things; private and quiet.
Example
They spent their vacation in a secluded beach house.
Pasaron sus vacaciones en una casa de playa aislada.
B1 verb əˈdrɛst

addressed

dirigido
Meaning
To think about and begin to deal with an issue or problem.
Example
Addressing key problems is vital for long-term change.
Abordar los problemas clave es vital para el cambio a largo plazo.
C1 noun /ˈded.lɑk/

Dead-lock

bloqueo; estancamiento
Meaning
a situation in which no progress is possible; complete standstill
Example
The negotiations reached a deadlock when neither side would compromise.
Las negociaciones llegaron a un bloqueo cuando ninguna de las partes estuvo dispuesta a ceder.
C2 noun /rɪˈfɛkʃən/

refection

comida / refección
Meaning
a meal or the act of taking food and drink
Example
The monks gathered for their evening refection.
Los monjes se reunieron para su refección nocturna.
C2 noun /ˈdɔɪən/

doyen

persona prominente
Meaning
The most respected or prominent person in a particular field.
Example
He is regarded as the doyen of modern literature in the country.
Él es considerado el doyen de la literatura moderna en el país.
C2 adjective /ˈtʃɛəri/

chary

cauteloso
Meaning
cautious or wary about doing something
Example
She was chary of investing in the new business venture.
Ella estaba cautelosa de invertir en el nuevo negocio.
C2 noun /dɪˈbɛntʃər/

debenture

debentura
Meaning
a type of debt instrument not secured by physical assets or collateral
Example
The company raised capital by issuing debentures to investors.
La empresa recaudó capital emitiendo debenturas a los inversores.
C1 adjective /koʊˈɜːrsɪv/

coercive

coercitivo
Meaning
Relating to or using force or threats to make someone do something.
Example
The government faced criticism for adopting coercive measures against protestors.
El gobierno enfrentó críticas por adoptar medidas coercitivas contra los manifestantes.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɛpt/

inept

inepto
Meaning
lacking skill or ability; clumsy or incompetent
Example
His inept handling of the situation made it worse.
Su manejo inepto de la situación lo empeoró.
C1 noun /ˈplʌn.dər.ər/

Plunderer

saqueador
Meaning
a person who steals goods, especially during war or civil disorder
Example
The plunderers ransacked the village after the battle.
Los saqueadores saquearon el pueblo después de la batalla.
C1 noun məˈnjʊər

manure

estiércol, abono orgánico
Meaning
Animal dung used for fertilizing land; organic matter used as fertilizer.
Example
Organic manure enhances soil fertility.
El estiércol orgánico mejora la fertilidad del suelo.
C1 noun /pləˈsiːboʊ/

placebo

placebo
Meaning
a substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs
Example
The patient was given a placebo to compare the effect of the real drug.
Al paciente se le dio un placebo para comparar el efecto del medicamento real.
B2 noun, verb /striːk/

streak

rastro o línea; moverse rápidamente en una dirección especificada
Meaning
a long, thin line or mark; to move very quickly in a specified direction
Example
Lightning streaked across the night sky.
El rayo cruzó el cielo nocturno.
A1 verb /ɡes/

guess

adivinar
Meaning
to give an answer or opinion without complete knowledge; to estimate
Example
Can you guess the answer?
¿Puedes adivinar la respuesta?
C1 adjective /ɪˈluː.sɪv/

Illusive

ilusorio; que parece existir pero no es real; engañoso
Meaning
deceptive; appearing to exist but not real; misleading
Example
The promise of easy money proved to be illusive and misleading.
La promesa de dinero fácil resultó ser ilusoria y engañosa.
C1 noun prəˈfaʊnd ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

profound initiative

iniciativa profunda
Meaning
A deep, meaningful, and significant action or program designed to create change.
Example
A profound initiative can create sustainable changes.
Una iniciativa profunda puede crear cambios sostenibles.
B2 adjective /hɪˈstɛrɪkəl/

hysterical

hilarante o emocionalmente descontrolado
Meaning
Extremely funny or uncontrollably emotional.
Example
The comedian's jokes were absolutely hysterical.
Los chistes del comediante fueron absolutamente hilarantes.
C1 noun/verb /tæk/

tack

tachuela / táctica
Meaning
a small sharp nail; or to change direction in sailing or approach something differently
Example
She used a tack to pin the paper on the wall.
Ella usó un tachuela para fijar el papel en la pared.
C1 noun ˌsætʃəˈreɪʃən

saturation

saturación
Meaning
The state of being saturated; the degree or extent to which something is dissolved or absorbed
Example
The saturation of the market with similar products reduced sales.
La saturación del mercado con productos similares redujo las ventas.
B1 noun /ˈvæk.siːn/

Vaccine

vacuna
Meaning
a substance that is put into the body to prevent a disease
Example
The COVID-19 vaccine has helped reduce severe illness.
La vacuna contra el COVID-19 ha ayudado a reducir enfermedades graves.
C1 noun /ˈhaɪdəweɪ/

hideaway

escondite
Meaning
A place used as a retreat or a place to hide.
Example
The cabin in the woods was their secret hideaway.
La cabaña en el bosque era su escondite secreto.
A2 noun /treɪ/

Tray

bandeja
Meaning
a flat, shallow container with a raised rim, used for carrying, holding, or displaying articles
Example
She carried the cups on a wooden tray.
Ella llevó las tazas en una bandeja de madera.
C2 noun /dæmˈneɪ.ʃən/

Damnation

condena eterna; destrucción
Meaning
condemnation to eternal punishment in hell; something that causes ruin or failure
Example
The preacher spoke about salvation and damnation in his sermon.
El predicador habló sobre la salvación y la condena en su sermón.
C1 noun ˈlaɪv.li.hʊd

livelihood

sustento
Meaning
A means of securing the necessities of life; a way of making a living.
Example
Fishing is the primary livelihood of coastal communities.
La pesca es el sustento principal de las comunidades costeras.
B2 adjective /əˈvɔɪdəbl/

avoidable

evitable
Meaning
able to be prevented or avoided
Example
Most of the damage was avoidable with proper planning.
La mayor parte del daño era evitable con una buena planificación.
C1 noun /ˈklɛmənsi/

clemency

clemencia
Meaning
mercy, leniency, or forgiveness shown towards someone
Example
The judge showed clemency and reduced his sentence.
El juez mostró clemencia y redujo su sentencia.
C1 adjective /ˈspɑːrtn/

spartan

espartano
Meaning
showing simplicity and lack of luxury; austere
Example
He lived in a spartan room with just a bed and a chair.
Vivió en una habitación espartana con solo una cama y una silla.
C1 adjective /ˈwɪntri/

wintry

invernal
Meaning
Characteristic of or suitable for winter; cold and bleak.
Example
The wintry wind made everyone shiver as they walked outside.
El viento invernal hizo que todos temblaran mientras caminaban afuera.
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛkərd/

chequered

a rayas
Meaning
Having a pattern of squares, or marked by varied and contrasting experiences or periods.
Example
He had a chequered career with both great successes and failures.
Tuvo una carrera a rayas con grandes éxitos y fracasos.
A2 noun /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/

geography

geografía
Meaning
the study of the Earth’s physical features, climates, populations, and the relationships between people and their environments
Example
She studies geography to understand how landscapes and human societies interact.
Ella estudia geografía para comprender el mundo.
C2 noun /pəˈnʌmbrə/

penumbra

sombra parcial
Meaning
a partially shaded area around the shadow of an object, especially during an eclipse
Example
The moon’s penumbra created a dim shadow over the Earth.
La penumbra de la luna creó una sombra tenue sobre la Tierra.
B2 noun /rɛlm/

realm

reino, dominio, ámbito, esfera
Meaning
A kingdom or domain; a field or area of activity or interest.
Example
He is well known in the realm of science.
Él es bien conocido en el ámbito de la ciencia.
C2 noun /ˈnoʊzˌɡeɪ/

nosegay

ramillete de flores
Meaning
a small bunch of flowers, typically given as a gift or carried for decoration
Example
She carried a nosegay of fresh roses to the ceremony.
Ella llevaba un ramillete de rosas frescas a la ceremonia.
B1 noun /ˈmaɪ.krəˌskoʊp/

microscope

microscopio
Meaning
An optical instrument used for viewing very small objects, such as cells, by magnifying them.
Example
The scientist observed the bacteria under the microscope.
El científico observó las bacterias bajo el microscopio.
C2 noun /ˈnes.lɪŋ/

Nestling

pichón
Meaning
a young bird that has not yet left its nest
Example
The mother bird fed the hungry nestling with worms.
La madre pájaro alimentó al hambriento pichón con gusanos.
C2 adjective /ˈæbdʒɛkt/

abject

abyecto
Meaning
extremely bad, unpleasant, and degrading
Example
They lived in abject poverty.
Vivían en una pobreza abyecta.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbl/

inexplicable

inexplicable
Meaning
Impossible to explain or understand.
Example
The sudden disappearance of the file was inexplicable.
La repentina desaparición del archivo fue inexplicable.
B1 verb /rɪˈtɜrnɪŋ/

returning

regreso
Meaning
Coming or going back to a place or person.
Example
The group is returning to the port on December 25th.
El grupo está regresando al puerto el 25 de diciembre.
B2 verb /ˈbænɪʃ/

banish

desterrar
Meaning
to send someone away from a place as punishment; to get rid of
Example
The king banished the traitor from the kingdom.
El rey desterró al traidor del reino.
C2 noun /ˌmæskəˈreɪd/

masquerade

fiesta donde la gente usa máscaras y disfraces
Meaning
a party or gathering where people wear masks and costumes; a false outward show
Example
The charity event was held as a grand masquerade.
El evento benéfico se celebró como un gran masquerade.
B2 noun ˌkʌl.tɪˈveɪ.ʃən

cultivation

cultivo
Meaning
The practice of preparing and using land for crops or gardening; the action of improving or developing something.
Example
The cultivation of organic crops has increased worldwide.
El cultivo de cultivos orgánicos ha aumentado en todo el mundo.
A1 noun /sɔːŋ/

song

canción
Meaning
a short piece of music with words that are sung
Example
She sang a beautiful song at the concert.
Ella cantó una hermosa canción en el concierto.
C1 noun /ˌtes.tɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Testimonial

testimonio
Meaning
a formal statement testifying to someone's character and qualifications
Example
The professor wrote a glowing testimonial for her former student.
El profesor escribió un brillante testimonio para su exalumna.
C1 noun kənˌsɒl.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən

Consolidation

consolidación de la memoria
Meaning
The process of converting newly learned information into long-term memory
Example
Sleep plays a key role in memory consolidation.
El sueño juega un papel clave en la consolidación de la memoria.
C1 verb /ˌriː.ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

reestablish

restablecer
Meaning
to set up or restore something again after it has been disrupted
Example
The government worked hard to reestablish peace in the region.
El gobierno trabajó arduamente para restablecer la paz en la región.
B1 adjective /strɪkt/

Strict

estricto; que exige el cumplimiento exacto de las reglas
Meaning
demanding exact conformity to rules; severe; rigorous
Example
The teacher is very strict about homework deadlines.
El maestro es muy estricto con las fechas límite de las tareas.
B1 noun/adjective /ˈsmoʊ.kɪŋ/

smoking

fumar
Meaning
The act of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of tobacco or other substances; wearing a tuxedo (adjective, formal context).
Example
Smoking is prohibited inside the building.
Fumar está prohibido dentro del edificio.
C1 noun /ˈkɒb.lər/

Cobbler

zapatero
Meaning
a person who repairs shoes and other leather goods
Example
The cobbler fixed my broken shoes perfectly.
El zapatero arregló mis zapatos rotos perfectamente.
B1 adverb /ˈbreɪv.li/

Bravely

valientemente
Meaning
in a way that shows courage and determination
Example
The firefighter bravely entered the burning building.
El bombero entró valientemente en el edificio en llamas.
B2 adjective ˈɡraʊndˌbreɪ.kɪŋ

groundbreaking

innovador
Meaning
Introducing new ideas or methods; innovative or pioneering.
Example
Groundbreaking advancements redefine innovation.
Los avances innovadores redefinen la innovación.