supererogatory
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C2 adjective /ˌsuː.pər.ɪˈrɑː.ɡə.tɔːr.i/

supererogatory

supererogatorio
Meaning
Going beyond what is required or expected; more than necessary.
Example
His donation was supererogatory, far beyond what anyone had asked for.
Su donación fue supererogatoria, mucho más allá de lo que alguien había pedido.
C2 adjective /ˈflɪpənt/

flippant

despectivo
Meaning
not showing a serious or respectful attitude
Example
His flippant remarks annoyed the teacher.
Sus comentarios despectivos molestaron al maestro.
C2 adjective /ˈvɑːlətɪv/

volitive

volitivo
Meaning
Relating to the will or the exercise of the will.
Example
The treaty was signed under volitive agreement between both nations.
El tratado fue firmado bajo un acuerdo volitivo entre ambas naciones.
C2 adjective /ˌluː.mɪˈnɛs.ənt/

luminescent

luminoso
Meaning
Emitting light without heat, glowing softly.
Example
The luminescent watch dial was visible in the dark.
El dial luminoso del reloj era visible en la oscuridad.
C2 adjective /ʌnˈflɛdʒd/

unfledged

inexperto
Meaning
Inexperienced, immature, or not fully developed.
Example
The unfledged writer struggled to complete his first novel.
El escritor inexperto luchó por completar su primera novela.
C2 adjective /ˈbɪliəs/

bilious

bilioso
Meaning
Relating to bile or an ill-tempered, irritable disposition.
Example
He became bilious after hearing the unfair criticism.
Se volvió bilioso después de escuchar la crítica injusta.
C2 verb /ˈkɒdʒɪteɪt/

cogitate

cogitar
Meaning
to think deeply about something; to meditate or reflect
Example
He sat by the river to cogitate on his future plans.
Se sentó junto al río para reflexionar sobre sus planes futuros.
C2 noun /ˈɔːrzmən/

Oarsman

remero
Meaning
a person who rows a boat, especially as a member of a racing crew
Example
The experienced oarsman rowed the boat across the river.
El experimentado remero remó el bote a través del río.
C2 noun, verb /ˌpæm.fləˈtɪər/

pamphleteer

escritor de panfletos
Meaning
a person who writes or distributes pamphlets, often to promote a political or social cause
Example
In the 18th century, many pamphleteers influenced public opinion.
En el siglo XVIII, muchos escritores de panfletos influyeron en la opinión pública.
C2 verb /lɪr/

leer

mirada lasciva
Meaning
To look at someone in an unpleasant, sly, or sexually suggestive way.
Example
He leered at her in a way that made her uncomfortable.
Él la miró de una forma que la hizo sentirse incómoda.
C2 noun /ˈbaɪəˌɡræf/

biograph

biografía
Meaning
A written account of a person's life; an early motion-picture projector (historical use).
Example
The library holds an old biograph of the poet.
La biblioteca tiene una biografía antigua del poeta.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərpəˈzɪʃən/

interposition

intervención
Meaning
The act of intervening or coming between two things, often to influence or prevent an outcome.
Example
The manager’s interposition prevented a heated argument from escalating.
La intervención del gerente evitó que una discusión acalorada se intensificara.
C2 noun /krəˈnɒmɪtər/

chronometer

cronómetro
Meaning
An instrument for measuring time precisely, especially used in navigation.
Example
The sailor relied on the chronometer to determine his position at sea.
El marinero confió en el cronómetro para determinar su posición en el mar.
C2 adjective /ˈtɪmərəs/

timorous

temeroso
Meaning
showing or suffering from nervousness, fear, or lack of confidence
Example
The timorous student hesitated to ask the teacher a question.
El estudiante temeroso dudó en hacerle una pregunta al profesor.
C2 noun /ˈɔːldər/

alder

Árbol de aliso
Meaning
A type of tree from the birch family that typically grows in wet ground and has simple, serrated leaves.
Example
The alder trees grew thick along the riverbank.
Los árboles de aliso crecían densos a lo largo de la orilla del río.
C2 noun /ˌpriːpəˈzɛʃən/

prepossession

prejuicio
Meaning
An opinion or feeling formed beforehand; a prejudice or preoccupation.
Example
His prepossession in favor of tradition made him resist change.
Su prejuicio a favor de la tradición lo hizo resistir al cambio.
C2 adjective /sɪmˈfoʊniəs/

symphonious

armonioso
Meaning
Harmonious; producing a pleasant sound or agreement of sound.
Example
The choir's voices were symphonious and filled the hall with beauty.
Las voces del coro eran armoniosas y llenaron la sala de belleza.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsɪɡniə/

insignia

insignia
Meaning
A badge or symbol that shows rank, position, or membership.
Example
The soldier proudly wore the insignia of his regiment.
El soldado llevaba orgulloso la insignia de su regimiento.
C2 noun /ˈpɛnjʊri/

penury

pobreza extrema
Meaning
extreme poverty or destitution
Example
He grew up in penury but became successful later in life.
Él creció en la penuria, pero se hizo exitoso más tarde en la vida.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛɡ.jʊ.mənt/

integument

cobertura externa
Meaning
A natural outer covering, such as skin, shell, or rind.
Example
The snake sheds its integument as it grows.
La serpiente pierde su cobertura externa a medida que crece.
C2 adjective /ˈnjuː.mər.ə.bəl/

Numerable

contable; numerable
Meaning
capable of being counted; countable
Example
The stars in the sky are not numerable.
Las estrellas en el cielo no son numerables.
C2 noun /zɪˈnɑːnə/

Zenanna

zenanna
Meaning
the part of a house reserved for women; women's quarters in Muslim households; harem
Example
The zenanna was beautifully decorated with intricate patterns.
El zenanna estaba bellamente decorado con patrones intrincados.
C2 noun /ˈvɪrjʊləns/

virulence

virulencia
Meaning
The severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.
Example
Scientists studied the virulence of the new virus strain.
Los científicos estudiaron la virulencia de la nueva cepa de virus.
C2 noun /ˌbenɪˈdɪkʃən/

Benediction

bendición
Meaning
a blessing, especially a ceremonial one; an expression of good wishes
Example
The priest gave his benediction to the newlyweds.
El sacerdote dio su bendición a los recién casados.
C2 adjective /ˈhɔːri/

hoary

gris, antiguo
Meaning
gray or white with age; very old and respected
Example
The hoary oak tree stood as a witness to centuries of history.
El viejo roble se erguía como un testigo de siglos de historia.
C2 noun /ˈænʒənuː/

ingenue

jovencita inocente
Meaning
an innocent, naïve young woman, especially as represented in literature or theater
Example
She played the role of the ingénue in the play with great charm.
Ella interpretó el papel de la jovencita inocente en la obra con gran encanto.
C2 noun /əˈbrɪdʒmənt/

abridgment

abreviatura
Meaning
A shortened version of a larger work, such as a book or speech.
Example
The publisher released an abridgment of the lengthy novel for students.
El editor lanzó una abreviatura de la larga novela para los estudiantes.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈprɛsəbl/

incompressible

incompresible
Meaning
Not able to be pressed or squeezed into a smaller space.
Example
Liquids are generally considered incompressible.
Los líquidos generalmente se consideran incomprensibles.
C2 adjective /ˈfɒksi/

foxy

astuto
Meaning
Clever, cunning, or attractive.
Example
He came up with a foxy plan to win the game.
Él ideó un plan astuto para ganar el juego.
C2 noun /ˈmæl.əˌfæk.tər/

malefactor

malhechor
Meaning
A person who commits a crime or does evil.
Example
The malefactor was arrested for the robbery.
El malhechor fue arrestado por el robo.
C2 adjective /ˈneɪtl/

natal

relativo al nacimiento
Meaning
Relating to birth or the place of birth.
Example
She returned to her natal village after many years.
Ella regresó a su pueblo natal después de muchos años.
C2 noun /ˈɑːrbɪtər/

arbiter

árbitro
Meaning
a person who has the authority to settle a dispute or decide an issue
Example
The principal acted as the arbiter in the conflict between the students.
El director actuó como el árbitro en el conflicto entre los estudiantes.
C2 adjective /səˈmætɪk/

somatic

somático
Meaning
Relating to the body, especially as distinct from the mind.
Example
Yoga can improve both somatic and mental health.
El yoga puede mejorar tanto la salud somática como mental.
C2 adjective /əˈpɒ.krɪ.fəl/

apocryphal

dudoso
Meaning
Of doubtful authenticity, though widely circulated as true.
Example
The story about him saving the village is probably apocryphal.
La historia de él salvando el pueblo probablemente es dudosa.
C2 verb /kənˈtɔːrt/

contort

torcer
Meaning
to twist or bend out of the normal shape
Example
She contorted her face in pain after the injury.
Ella contorsionó su cara de dolor después de la lesión.
C2 verb /ˈkælsɪfaɪ/

calcify

volverse rígido por depósito de sales de calcio
Meaning
To harden by deposition of calcium salts; to become rigid or inflexible.
Example
Over time, the tissue began to calcify and lose flexibility.
Con el tiempo, el tejido comenzó a calcificarse y perdió flexibilidad.
C2 adjective /ˌseɪpiˈɛnʃəl/

sapiential

relacionado con la sabiduría
Meaning
Relating to wisdom or knowledge, often in a religious or philosophical sense.
Example
The monk shared sapiential teachings with his students.
El monje compartió enseñanzas relacionadas con la sabiduría con sus estudiantes.
C2 noun /ˈfoʊ.li.oʊ/

folio

gran libro o manuscrito
Meaning
A sheet of paper folded once to form two leaves (four pages) of a book; also a term for a large book or manuscript.
Example
The library houses an ancient Shakespeare folio.
La biblioteca alberga un antiguo folio de Shakespeare.
C2 verb /ɪnˈtriːt/

entreat

rogar
Meaning
To ask earnestly or beg someone to do something.
Example
She entreated him to stay a little longer.
Ella le rogó que se quedara un poco más.
C2 noun /ˈsʊrmə fɪʃ/

Surma fish

pez Surma
Meaning
a freshwater fish species found in the Surma river system of Bangladesh and northeastern India
Example
Surma fish is native to the rivers of Sylhet region.
El pez Surma es originario de los ríos de la región de Sylhet.
C2 noun /proʊˈbɑːsɪs/

proboscis

trompa
Meaning
The long, flexible nose of some animals, especially an elephant, or a tubular feeding and sucking organ in insects.
Example
The elephant used its proboscis to grab food.
El elefante usó su trompa para agarrar comida.
C2 verb /ˈʌndərˌraɪt/

underwrite

garantizar apoyo financiero
Meaning
To guarantee financial support, especially by agreeing to cover losses or risks; in insurance, to assess and accept risks.
Example
The bank agreed to underwrite the company's new bond issue.
El banco acordó asegurar la nueva emisión de bonos de la empresa.
C2 adjective /ˈven.tʃər.əs/

Venturous

aventurero; audaz
Meaning
willing to take risks; adventurous; bold
Example
The venturous explorer climbed the dangerous mountain.
El explorador aventurero subió la peligrosa montaña.
C2 adjective /ˈfʊl.dʒənt/

fulgent

brillante
Meaning
Shining brightly; dazzling.
Example
The fulgent stars lit up the night sky.
Las estrellas brillantes iluminaron el cielo nocturno.
C2 verb /rɪˈpruːv/

reprove

reprender
Meaning
to criticize or correct someone gently or disapprove of their actions
Example
The teacher reproved the student for being late.
El maestro reprendió al estudiante por llegar tarde.
C2 noun /ʃɪˈkeɪnəri/

chicanery

engaño
Meaning
The use of trickery or deception to achieve a purpose.
Example
The politician was accused of chicanery to win the election.
Se acusó al político de engaño para ganar las elecciones.
C2 noun /ˈreɪləri/

raillery

burlas amistosas
Meaning
good-humored teasing or joking
Example
Their friendship was full of light-hearted raillery.
Su amistad estaba llena de bromas ligeras.
C2 noun /seɪn/

seine

gran red
Meaning
A large fishing net that hangs vertically in the water.
Example
The fishermen cast their seine into the river.
Los pescadores echaron su gran red en el río.
C2 adjective /ˌdɛl.ɪˈtɪə.ri.əs/

deleterious

perjudicial
Meaning
Causing physical or mental harm or damage.
Example
Smoking has deleterious effects on health.
Fumar tiene efectos perjudiciales en la salud.
C2 noun /ˈpiːən/

paean

cántico de alabanza
Meaning
A song or piece of writing expressing great praise or triumph.
Example
The article was a paean to the beauty of nature.
El artículo fue un cántico de alabanza a la belleza de la naturaleza.
C2 adjective /juːˈnɪsənənt/

unisonant

armonioso
Meaning
Sounding together or in harmony.
Example
The unisonant voices created a powerful effect.
Las voces armoniosas crearon un efecto poderoso.
C2 adjective /ˈvoʊlənt/

volant

volador
Meaning
able to fly or moving swiftly
Example
The volant bird soared gracefully across the sky.
El pájaro volador se elevó con gracia por el cielo.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Impiety

impiedad
Meaning
lack of piety or reverence, especially for a god; disrespect or irreverence toward religious matters
Example
His impiety shocked the religious community when he mocked their sacred ceremonies.
Su impiedad sorprendió a la comunidad religiosa cuando se burló de sus ceremonias sagradas.
C2 verb /əˈreɪn/

arraign

procesar
Meaning
to formally accuse someone in a court of law and ask them to respond to the charges
Example
The suspect was arraigned before the judge this morning.
El sospechoso fue procesado ante el juez esta mañana.
C2 noun (plural) /maɪˈnjuːʃiiː/

minutiae

minucias
Meaning
the small, precise, or trivial details of something
Example
The lawyer focused on the minutiae of the contract.
El abogado se centró en las minucias del contrato.
C2 adjective /ˌɪn.ɪˈlʌk.tə.bəl/

ineluctable

inevitable
Meaning
Impossible to avoid or escape; inevitable.
Example
Death is an ineluctable part of human existence.
C2 noun /ˌɛərəˈstætɪks/

aerostatics

aerostática
Meaning
The branch of physics that deals with the equilibrium of air and gases and the forces acting on bodies in them.
Example
Aerostatics is essential for understanding how balloons float.
La aerostática es esencial para entender cómo flotan los globos.
C2 adjective /ˈloʊð.səm/

Loathsome

repulsivo
Meaning
causing hatred or disgust; repulsive
Example
The loathsome smell from the garbage made everyone leave the room.
El olor repulsivo de la basura hizo que todos abandonaran la habitación.
C2 noun /ˈdɒldrəmz/

doldrums

estancamiento
Meaning
A state of inactivity, stagnation, or low spirits; also a region near the equator with calm winds.
Example
After the project failed, the team was stuck in the doldrums for months.
Después de que el proyecto fracasó, el equipo estuvo en un periodo de estancamiento durante meses.
C2 noun /ˌɪnəməˈrɑːtə/

inamorata

amante
Meaning
A woman with whom someone is in love; a female lover.
Example
He wrote a poem dedicated to his inamorata.
Escribió un poema dedicado a su enamorada.
C2 noun /ˌpænəˈdʒɪrɪk/

panegyric

panegírico, elogio
Meaning
a formal speech or piece of writing in praise of someone or something
Example
The author wrote a panegyric on the bravery of the soldiers.
El autor escribió un panegírico sobre la valentía de los soldados.
C2 adjective /ˌʌnəˈʃʊəd/

unassured

inseguro
Meaning
Lacking confidence or certainty.
Example
She gave an unassured answer during the interview.
Ella dio una respuesta insegura durante la entrevista.
C2 noun /ˌdɛspəˈrɑːdoʊ/

desperado

desperado
Meaning
A bold, reckless, or dangerous person, often a criminal.
Example
The sheriff was determined to capture the desperado who terrorized the town.
El alguacil estaba decidido a capturar al desperado que aterrorizaba la ciudad.
C2 adjective /ɡrʌf/

gruff

rudo
Meaning
Rough or stern in manner, speech, or voice.
Example
Despite his gruff manner, he was very kind-hearted.
A pesar de su comportamiento rudo, era muy amable.
C2 noun /ˈtɪl.ər/

Tiller

campesino
Meaning
a person who tills or cultivates land; a farmer
Example
The tiller worked hard in the fields every morning.
El campesino trabajaba duro en los campos todas las mañanas.
C2 noun /ˈskæb.ərd/

scabbard

vaina
Meaning
A sheath for the blade of a sword or dagger, typically made of leather or metal.
Example
The knight drew his sword from the scabbard.
El caballero sacó su espada de la vaina.
C2 adjective /ʌnˈtiːtʃəbəl/

unteachable

imposible de enseñar
Meaning
not able or willing to learn; resistant to instruction or guidance
Example
He was so stubborn that he became almost unteachable.
Era tan terco que se volvió casi imposible de enseñar.
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːrpɪd/

torpid

lento
Meaning
Mentally or physically inactive; sluggish or lethargic.
Example
After the long hike, he felt torpid and unmotivated.
Después de la larga caminata, se sintió lento y desmotivado.
C2 adjective /ləˈkɒnɪk/

laconic

lacónico
Meaning
using very few words; concise to the point of seeming rude or mysterious
Example
His laconic reply ended the conversation quickly.
Su respuesta lacónica terminó la conversación rápidamente.
C2 noun /ɔːl/

awl

punzón
Meaning
a small pointed tool used for making holes, especially in leather
Example
The cobbler used an awl to punch holes in the leather.
El zapatero usó un punzón para hacer agujeros en el cuero.
C2 noun /ˈænɪməlˌkjuːl/

animalcule

animalcule
Meaning
A microscopic animal, especially a protozoan or other minute organism.
Example
The scientist observed an animalcule moving under the microscope.
El científico observó un animalcule moviéndose bajo el microscopio.
C2 adjective /ˈfrəʊərd/

froward

terco
Meaning
Difficult to deal with; contrary and disobedient.
Example
The teacher found the froward child hard to manage.
El maestro encontró al niño terco difícil de manejar.
C2 adjective /ɪˈlɪmɪtəbl/

illimitable

ilimitado
Meaning
Without limits or bounds.
Example
The universe is often described as illimitable.
El universo a menudo se describe como ilimitado.
C2 adjective /ˌpɑːrsɪˈmoʊniəs/

parsimonious

tacaño
Meaning
unwilling to spend money or use resources; stingy
Example
The company was too parsimonious to invest in better equipment.
La empresa era demasiado tacaña para invertir en mejores equipos.
C2 verb /dɪsˈpɔːrt/

disport

divertirse
Meaning
To amuse oneself in a lively or playful way.
Example
The children disported themselves in the garden.
Los niños se divirtieron en el jardín.
C2 adjective /səˈræfɪk/

seraphic

angelical
Meaning
Of or like a seraph; angelic, pure, and blissful.
Example
She gave him a seraphic smile that calmed his fears.
Le dio una sonrisa angelical que calmó sus miedos.
C2 adjective /ˈsɪmiən/

simian

simio
Meaning
Relating to, resembling, or affecting apes or monkeys.
Example
The scientist studied the simian behavior of the chimpanzees.
El científico estudió el comportamiento simio de los chimpancés.
C2 adjective /droʊl/

droll

gracioso
Meaning
curious or unusual in a way that provokes dry amusement
Example
He had a droll sense of humor that made everyone laugh.
Él tenía un sentido del humor gracioso que hacía reír a todos.
C2 noun /ˈɛnsaɪn/

ensign

bandera
Meaning
A flag or standard, especially a military or naval one indicating nationality; also a junior officer in the navy or coast guard.
Example
The ship raised its national ensign before leaving the harbor.
El barco izó su bandera nacional antes de salir del puerto.
C2 verb /haɪˈpɒθɪkeɪt/

hypothecate

hipotecar
Meaning
to pledge something, such as property, as security for a debt without giving up possession of it.
Example
The company hypothecated its assets to secure the loan.
La empresa hipotecó sus activos para asegurar el préstamo.
C2 verb /ɪˈfeɪs/

efface

borrar
Meaning
To erase or wipe out something; to make oneself inconspicuous.
Example
Time had effaced the letters on the old gravestone.
El tiempo había borrado las letras en la antigua tumba.
C2 noun /ˈpjuːɪsəns/

puissance

potencia
Meaning
Great power, strength, or influence.
Example
The empire showed its puissance through vast armies.
El imperio mostró su potencia a través de vastos ejércitos.
C2 noun /ˈdəʊ.lər/

dolor

dolor
Meaning
A state of great sorrow or distress.
Example
The nation was in deep dolor after the tragedy.
La nación estaba en profundo dolor después de la tragedia.
C2 noun /ˈɛpɪkjʊr/

epicure

epicúreo
Meaning
A person who enjoys fine food and drink, often with refined taste.
Example
As an epicure, she always sought out the finest restaurants in the city.
Como epicúreo, siempre buscaba los mejores restaurantes de la ciudad.
C2 noun /ˈspuːnərɪzəm/

spoonerism

espúnarismo
Meaning
A verbal error in which the initial sounds of words are swapped to create a humorous effect.
Example
He made a spoonerism by saying 'queer old dean' instead of 'dear old queen'.
Hizo un espúnarismo al decir 'querido viejo dean' en lugar de 'querida vieja reina'.
C2 noun /ˈnɛkrəˌmænsər/

necromancer

necromante
Meaning
a person who practices necromancy; a wizard or magician who claims to communicate with the dead
Example
The villagers feared the old necromancer who lived at the edge of the forest.
Los aldeanos temían al viejo necromante que vivía al borde del bosque.
C2 verb /ˈtrʌŋkeɪt/

truncate

truncar
Meaning
to shorten something by cutting off the top or the end
Example
The article was truncated to fit the limited space.
El artículo fue truncado para encajar en el espacio limitado.
C2 adjective /juːˈdʒɛnɪk/

eugenic

eugenésico
Meaning
Relating to or aiming at improving the genetic quality of a population.
Example
In the early 20th century, some scientists supported eugenic policies.
A principios del siglo XX, algunos científicos apoyaron las políticas eugenésicas.
C2 noun /brəˈkeɪd/

brocade

tela bordada
Meaning
a rich fabric woven with a raised pattern, often in gold or silver thread
Example
She wore a beautiful brocade dress to the wedding.
Ella llevaba un hermoso vestido de brocado en la boda.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈprɛɡnəbl̩/

impregnable

impenetrable
Meaning
Unable to be captured, broken into, or defeated.
Example
The fortress was considered impregnable by the enemy.
La fortaleza fue considerada impenetrable por el enemigo.
C2 noun /ˈsɪkəfənt/

sycophant

adulador
Meaning
A person who acts obsequiously toward someone important in order to gain advantage.
Example
The manager was surrounded by sycophants who agreed with everything he said.
El gerente estaba rodeado de aduladores que estaban de acuerdo con todo lo que decía.
C2 noun /ˈkɒɡneɪt/

cognate

cognado
Meaning
a word related to another word in origin; having the same linguistic root
Example
The Spanish word 'madre' and the English word 'mother' are cognates.
La palabra española 'madre' y la palabra inglesa 'mother' son cognados.
C2 adjective /ˌpluːˈpɜːrfɪkt/

pluperfect

pluscuamperfecto
Meaning
a verb tense expressing an action completed before another past action
Example
By the time she arrived, he had finished his homework, showing the pluperfect tense.
Para cuando ella llegó, él ya había terminado su tarea, mostrando el tiempo pluscuamperfecto.
C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌɡɒn/

decagon

dodecágono
Meaning
A polygon with ten sides and ten angles.
Example
The geometry teacher drew a perfect decagon on the board.
El profesor de geometría dibujó un decágono perfecto en la pizarra.
C2 verb /ˈbaɪfərˌkeɪt/

bifurcate

dividir en dos partes
Meaning
to divide into two branches or parts
Example
The road bifurcates into two separate paths at the hill.
El camino se bifurca en dos caminos separados en la colina.
C2 noun /ˈmiːliərɪzəm/

meliorism

meliorismo
Meaning
The belief that the world tends to improve and that humans can aid its betterment.
Example
Her philosophy of meliorism kept her hopeful during difficult times.
Su filosofía de meliorismo la mantuvo esperanzada durante tiempos difíciles.
C2 noun /ˈoʊdiəm/

odium

odio
Meaning
general or widespread hatred or disgust directed toward someone as a result of their actions
Example
The scandal brought public odium on the corrupt minister.
El escándalo trajo odio público al ministro corrupto.
C2 noun /ˌmɛɡələˈmeɪniə/

megalomania

fantasías delirantes de poder, riqueza o omnipotencia
Meaning
A condition characterized by delusional fantasies of power, wealth, or omnipotence.
Example
The dictator’s megalomania led him to believe he was invincible.
La megalomanía del dictador lo llevó a creer que era invencible.
C2 noun /ˈpɛstɪləns/

pestilence

peste
Meaning
A deadly or virulent epidemic disease that spreads rapidly.
Example
The medieval city was devastated by a pestilence.
La ciudad medieval fue devastada por una peste.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈniːsaɪn/

internecine

conflicto interno
Meaning
Relating to conflict within a group, often causing mutual destruction.
Example
The internecine conflict weakened the organization from within.
El conflicto interno debilitó la organización desde dentro
C2 adjective /ˈkʌsɪd/

cussed

terco
Meaning
Annoyingly stubborn or difficult.
Example
He was too cussed to admit his mistake.
Era demasiado terco para admitir su error.
C2 adjective /ɪɡˈnoʊ.bəl/

Ignoble

deshonroso; vil; indigno
Meaning
dishonorable; not noble in character; base or mean
Example
His ignoble actions betrayed his friends' trust.
Sus acciones deshonrosas traicionaron la confianza de sus amigos.
C2 verb /ɡɔːk/

gawk

mirar fijamente
Meaning
To stare openly and rudely.
Example
Tourists gawked at the celebrity walking down the street.
Los turistas miraban fijamente a la celebridad caminando por la calle.
C2 noun /ˈhʌk.stər/

huckster

vendedor ambulante
Meaning
A person who sells small items aggressively, often in a showy or dishonest way.
Example
The huckster loudly promoted his goods in the busy marketplace.
El vendedor ambulante promocionó ruidosamente sus productos en el bullicioso mercado.
C2 adjective /ˈtriːkli/

treacly

Excesivamente dulce o sentimental, como la melaza.
Meaning
Excessively sweet or sentimental, like treacle.
Example
The movie was too treacly for my taste.
La película era demasiado empalagosa para mi gusto.
C2 noun /ˈkwɔːrtoʊ/

quarto

libro de tamaño cuarto
Meaning
A book size resulting from folding each printed sheet into four leaves (eight pages).
Example
The library has rare Shakespeare quartos.
La biblioteca tiene raros cuartos de Shakespeare.
C2 noun /ˌænɪmædˈvɜːʒən/

animadversion

crítica
Meaning
Strong criticism or censure.
Example
The policy attracted severe animadversion from the public.
La política atrajo una severa crítica del público.
C2 noun /ˈeɪʒən siː bæs/

Asian sea bass

lubina asiática
Meaning
a large predatory fish found in coastal waters and estuaries of the Indo-Pacific region, prized for its white meat
Example
Asian sea bass is highly valued in aquaculture for its fast growth.
La lubina asiática es muy valorada en la acuicultura por su rápido crecimiento.
C2 noun /daɪˈvɛstɪtʃər/

divestiture

desinversión
Meaning
the action of selling off or disposing of business interests or assets
Example
The divestiture of the subsidiary was completed last year.
La desinversión de la filial se completó el año pasado.
C2 noun /ˈpɛd.ən.tri/

pedantry

excesiva preocupación por los detalles o reglas menores
Meaning
Excessive concern with minor details or rules.
Example
His pedantry made the meeting unnecessarily long.
Su pedantería hizo que la reunión fuera innecesariamente larga.
C2 noun /ˌkɒməˈsɛəriət/

commissariat

departamento de suministros
Meaning
A department responsible for supplying food and equipment, especially in the military.
Example
The army commissariat ensured that the soldiers had enough supplies.
El departamento de suministros del ejército se aseguró de que los soldados tuvieran suficientes provisiones.
C2 verb /dɪˈdʒɛkt/

deject

deprimir
Meaning
to make someone feel sad, depressed, or dispirited
Example
The news of his failure seemed to deject him deeply.
La noticia de su fracaso pareció deprimirlo profundamente.
C2 adjective /sɪˈdɪʃəs/

seditious

sedicioso
Meaning
Encouraging rebellion against authority.
Example
The activist spread seditious pamphlets among the crowd.
El activista distribuyó folletos sediciosos entre la multitud.
C2 noun /vɪm/

vim

vigor
Meaning
energy and enthusiasm
Example
She performed the dance with great vim and vigor.
Ella realizó la danza con gran vigor y energía.
C2 adjective /ˌnɒnkəˈmɪtl̩/

noncommittal

reticente
Meaning
Not expressing or showing a clear opinion, decision, or commitment.
Example
She gave a noncommittal reply when asked about her future plans.
Ella dio una respuesta reticente cuando se le preguntó sobre sus planes futuros.
C2 adjective /ˈmɜːrkəntaɪl/

mercantile

mercantil
Meaning
related to trade or commerce
Example
The city grew rapidly due to its mercantile activities.
La ciudad creció rápidamente debido a sus actividades mercantiles.
C2 verb /ˈæd.ʌm.breɪt/

adumbrate

presagiar
Meaning
to foreshadow or suggest something in an unclear or indirect way
Example
The report adumbrates future economic challenges.
El informe presagia futuros desafíos económicos.
C2 adjective /spɪk/

Spick

extremadamente limpio y ordenado; inmaculado
Meaning
extremely clean and neat; immaculate
Example
The house was spick and span after the cleaning.
La casa estaba completamente limpia y ordenada después de la limpieza.
C2 noun /feɪt/

fete

fiesta, celebración
Meaning
a celebration or festival, often in honor of someone
Example
The village held a grand fete to celebrate the harvest.
El pueblo celebró una gran fiesta para celebrar la cosecha.
C2 verb /ˌmɪskənˈstruː/

misconstrue

malinterpretar
Meaning
To interpret something wrongly or misunderstand the meaning.
Example
She misconstrued his silence as anger.
Ella malinterpretó su silencio como ira.
C2 adjective /ˈskʌr.ɪ.ləs/

scurrilous

calumnioso
Meaning
Using or expressed in coarse, abusive, or slanderous language.
Example
The politician faced criticism for his scurrilous remarks about his opponent.
El político enfrentó críticas por sus comentarios calumniosos sobre su oponente.