skulduggery
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C2 noun /skʌlˈdʌɡəri/

skulduggery

engaño
Meaning
underhanded or dishonest behavior
Example
The politician was accused of financial skulduggery.
El político fue acusado de estafa financiera.
C2 adjective /ˈbɛərˌfeɪst/

barefaced

descarado
Meaning
shameless and undisguised; openly bold or unashamed
Example
He told a barefaced lie in front of everyone.
Él dijo una mentira descarada frente a todos.
C2 adjective /eɪˈrɪðmɪk/

arrhythmic

arítmico
Meaning
Lacking a regular rhythm or beat.
Example
The patient had an arrhythmic heartbeat.
El paciente tenía un latido cardíaco arítmico.
C2 noun /lɪnt/

lint

pelusa
Meaning
small soft fibers that come off cloth, often found in dryers or on clothes
Example
There was lint all over his black shirt after the wash.
Había pelusa por toda su camisa negra después del lavado.
C1 verb /ˈskaʊər/

scour

fregar / buscar exhaustivamente
Meaning
to clean or brighten the surface of something by scrubbing; to search thoroughly
Example
She scoured the kitchen until it shone.
Ella fregó la cocina hasta que brilló.
C2 noun /ˈɒn.rʌʃ/

onrush

embestida
Meaning
A sudden powerful forward or downward rush or flow.
Example
The onrush of water swept away the bridge.
La embestida de agua arrastró el puente.
B2 noun ˈɪndɪkeɪtə

indicator

indicador
Meaning
A thing that indicates the state or level of something.
Example
The unemployment rate is a key indicator of economic health.
La tasa de desempleo es un indicador clave de la salud económica.
A2 noun /ɪˈlek.trɪk fæn/

Electric fan

ventilador eléctrico
Meaning
a device with rotating blades that creates airflow to cool or ventilate a room
Example
The electric fan keeps the room cool during hot summer days.
El ventilador eléctrico mantiene la habitación fresca durante los días calurosos de verano.
B1 verb /kənˈtɪnjuɪŋ/

continuing

continuando
Meaning
to keep doing something without stopping
Example
They are continuing their journey despite the rain.
Ellos están continuando su viaje a pesar de la lluvia.
B2 adjective /ˈkɑːmjənl/

communal

comunal
Meaning
Shared by all members of a community; for common use.
Example
The villagers worked together in the communal garden.
Los aldeanos trabajaron juntos en el jardín comunal.
C1 noun /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/

etymology

etimología
Meaning
The study of the origin of words and how their meanings and forms have evolved.
Example
The etymology of the word 'salary' comes from the Latin word for salt.
La etimología de la palabra 'salario' proviene de la palabra latina para sal.
C2 noun /ˈfoʊ.li.oʊ/

folio

gran libro o manuscrito
Meaning
A sheet of paper folded once to form two leaves (four pages) of a book; also a term for a large book or manuscript.
Example
The library houses an ancient Shakespeare folio.
La biblioteca alberga un antiguo folio de Shakespeare.
A2 verb /teɪk ɒf/

take off

quitar; despegar
Meaning
to remove something; to leave the ground and begin flying (airplane); to suddenly become successful or popular
Example
The airplane will take off in ten minutes.
El avión despegará en diez minutos.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒz.mɪk/

cosmic

cósmico, vasto
Meaning
relating to the universe or cosmos; vast
Example
Astronomers study cosmic phenomena to understand the universe.
Los astrónomos estudian fenómenos cósmicos para entender el universo.
B2 noun ˌdiː.fɒr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən

deforestation

deforestación
Meaning
The action of clearing a wide area of trees; the permanent destruction of forests in order to make the land available for other uses.
Example
Deforestation accelerates the loss of biodiversity.
La deforestación acelera la pérdida de biodiversidad.
C1 adjective /ˈfjuː.dəl/

feudal

feudal
Meaning
relating to the system of feudalism, a medieval social system based on land ownership and obligations
Example
The castle is a remnant of the feudal era.
El castillo es un vestigio de la era feudal.
C2 verb /ˈlaɪ.ə.naɪz/

lionize

idolatrar
Meaning
to treat someone as a celebrity or give a lot of public attention
Example
The press began to lionize the young scientist after his discovery.
La prensa comenzó a lionizar al joven científico después de su descubrimiento.
C1 adjective /ˈmæn.əd/

mannered

afectado / artificial
Meaning
Having or showing a particular manner, especially an artificial or affected one.
Example
The actor’s performance was too mannered to feel natural.
La actuación del actor fue demasiado afectada para sentirse natural.
C1 adjective /nɑːkˈtɜr.nəl/

Nocturnal

nocturno
Meaning
active at night; happening during the night
Example
Owls are nocturnal animals that hunt at night.
Los búhos son animales nocturnos que cazan por la noche.
C2 adjective /bəˈnɛfɪsənt/

beneficent

benévolo, generoso
Meaning
generous or doing good
Example
The beneficent leader donated funds to build a hospital.
El líder benévolo donó fondos para construir un hospital.
B2 noun /ˈraɪfəl/

Rifle

rifle
Meaning
a gun with a long barrel that is fired from the shoulder
Example
The soldier carried a rifle during the mission.
El soldado llevaba un rifle durante la misión.
C1 noun /ˈkjuːmɪn/

Cumin

comino
Meaning
A spice made from the dried seeds of a plant in the parsley family, with a warm earthy flavor
Example
Cumin is an essential spice in Indian and Middle Eastern cooking.
El comino es una especia esencial en la cocina india y del Medio Oriente.
A2 verb /ˈdʌbəl/

double

duplicar
Meaning
to make twice as much in size, number, or amount
Example
The company hopes to double its profits this year.
La compañía espera duplicar sus ganancias este año.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɒs.tər/

Impostor

impostor; fraude
Meaning
a person who pretends to be someone else in order to deceive others; a fraud
Example
The impostor convinced everyone he was a doctor until his fake credentials were discovered.
El impostor convenció a todos de que era un doctor hasta que se descubrió que sus credenciales eran falsas.
C1 verb /uːz/

ooze

filtrarse
Meaning
to slowly flow or leak out through small openings or pores
Example
Blood began to ooze from the small cut.
La sangre comenzó a filtrarse de la pequeña herida.
C1 verb /ɪmˈbɛd/

imbed

incrustar
Meaning
To fix firmly or deeply in a surrounding mass.
Example
The journalist imbedded himself with the troops to report firsthand.
El periodista se incrustó con las tropas para reportar de primera mano.
C2 adjective /ˈvɒkətɪv/

vocative

caso vocativo
Meaning
relating to a case in grammar used for directly addressing someone
Example
In Latin, the vocative case is used when directly calling someone by name.
En latín, el caso vocativo se usa para llamar directamente a alguien por su nombre.
C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌwɜːrld/

underworld

submundo
Meaning
The criminal world of organized crime or the mythical world of the dead.
Example
The detective spent years studying the secrets of the underworld.
El detective pasó años estudiando los secretos del submundo.
A2 adverb /twaɪs/

twice

dos veces
Meaning
two times
Example
I have seen that movie twice.
He visto esa película dos veces.
A1 adverb /ʌp/

up

arriba
Meaning
towards a higher position or level
Example
He climbed up the ladder quickly.
Él subió rápidamente la escalera.
C1 verb /ˈɛm.jʊˌleɪt/

emulate

imitar
Meaning
to imitate someone or something with the intent to equal or surpass
Example
Young athletes often emulate their idols.
Los jóvenes atletas a menudo imitan a sus ídolos.
B2 noun /dɪˈtɛkʃən/

detection

detección
Meaning
the action or process of identifying the presence of something
Example
The detection of fraud in the system was swift.
La detección de fraude en el sistema fue rápida.
B2 adjective /ˈɑːrbɪˌtrɛri/

arbitrary

arbitrario
Meaning
based on random choice or personal whim, rather than reason or system
Example
The teacher's arbitrary grading upset many students.
La calificación arbitraria del profesor molestó a muchos estudiantes.
A2 verb /ˈɔːfər/

offer

ofrecer
Meaning
to present something for acceptance or rejection; to propose
Example
She offered to help with the project.
Ella se ofreció a ayudar con el proyecto.
B1 noun /kæˈʃɪər/

Cashier

cajero
Meaning
a person who handles payments and transactions in a store or bank
Example
The cashier scanned all the items and calculated the total bill.
El cajero escaneó todos los artículos y calculó el total de la factura.
A2 adverb /ɪɡˈzækt.li/

Exactly

precisamente; exactamente; en completo acuerdo
Meaning
precisely; accurately; in complete agreement
Example
Tell me exactly what happened during the meeting.
Dime exactamente qué pasó durante la reunión.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmuː.və.bəl/

immovable

inmóvil
Meaning
Not able to be moved; fixed in position.
Example
Immovable barriers prevent change.
Las barreras inmóviles impiden el cambio.
B1 verb /ədˈmaɪər/

admire

admirar
Meaning
To respect, appreciate, or look up to someone or something.
Example
I really admire her dedication to education.
Realmente admiro su dedicación a la educación.
B2 noun ˈlɪt.ər.ə.si ˌreɪts

literacy rates

tasas de alfabetización
Meaning
The percentage of people in a population who can read and write; measures of educational levels in a population.
Example
Literacy rates impact socioeconomic conditions.
Las tasas de alfabetización afectan las condiciones socioeconómicas.
B1 noun/verb /wuːnd/

wound

felicidad
Meaning
an injury to the body or to harm someone
Example
He received a deep wound on his arm.
Ella no podía ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun /rɪˈdʒɪdəti/

Rigidity

rigidez
Meaning
inability to bend or be forced out of shape; unwillingness to change or compromise
Example
The rigidity of the old system prevented any innovation.
La rigidez del antiguo sistema impidió cualquier innovación.
B2 adjective /ˈstɪki/

sticky

pegajoso
Meaning
having the quality of adhering or clinging; difficult to remove or deal with
Example
The candy is too sticky to eat with your hands.
El caramelo es demasiado pegajoso para comer con las manos.
B2 adjective; verb (past participle) /ˈɒkjʊpaɪd/

occupied

ocupado
Meaning
being in use or taken; filled or lived in; controlled or held by force
Example
The room is occupied, so please wait outside.
La habitación está ocupada, por favor espere afuera.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

vitamina
Meaning
a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.
Las frutas y verduras son fuentes ricas en vitaminas.
C1 noun /bɑːrˈbeəriən/

Barbarian

bárbaro; salvaje;
Meaning
a person from an uncivilized group; someone who is cruel or brutal
Example
The ancient Romans considered anyone outside their empire to be barbarians.
Los antiguos romanos consideraban bárbaros a todos los que estaban fuera de su imperio.
B1 verb /ˈrɛdʒɪstər/

register

registrar
Meaning
To enter or record officially on a list or in a book.
Example
You must register for the conference before the deadline.
Debes registrarte para la conferencia antes de la fecha límite.
C1 verb /ˌʌndərˈsteɪt/

understate

minimizar
Meaning
To describe something as being less important or serious than it really is.
Example
He tends to understate his achievements.
Él tiende a restar importancia a sus logros.
B2 noun /ˌkɑn.frənˈteɪ.ʃən/

Confrontation

confrontación
Meaning
a hostile or argumentative meeting or situation between opposing parties; direct challenge or opposition
Example
The confrontation between the two leaders ended without any agreement.
La confrontación entre los dos líderes terminó sin ningún acuerdo.
B2 adjective /fəˈbɪd.ən/

Forbidden

prohibido; vetado; ilegal
Meaning
not allowed; prohibited; banned
Example
Smoking is strictly forbidden in this building.
Fumar está estrictamente prohibido en este edificio.
C2 noun /dɪˈdʒɛnərəsi/

degeneracy

degeneración
Meaning
The state of decline or deterioration, often in moral, cultural, or physical qualities.
Example
The novel portrays the moral degeneracy of a corrupt society.
La novela retrata la degeneración moral de una sociedad corrupta.
C2 adjective, adverb /əˈfʊt/

afoot

en marcha
Meaning
In progress; happening or being prepared.
Example
There are several new projects afoot in the company.
Hay varios proyectos nuevos en marcha en la empresa.
C1 noun dɪˈtɜː.mɪ.nənt

determinant

factor determinante
Meaning
A factor that decisively affects the nature or outcome of something.
Example
Education is a key determinant of success.
La educación es un factor determinante del éxito.
C2 noun /ˈmæl.əˌfæk.tər/

malefactor

malhechor
Meaning
A person who commits a crime or does evil.
Example
The malefactor was arrested for the robbery.
El malhechor fue arrestado por el robo.
C1 noun /weɪst tʃeɪn/

Waist chain

cadena de cintura
Meaning
a decorative chain worn around the waist as jewelry or ornamentation
Example
The traditional waist chain complemented her ethnic outfit perfectly.
La tradicional cadena de cintura complementó perfectamente su atuendo étnico.
A1 verb /riːd/

read

leer
Meaning
to look at written words and understand their meaning
Example
I read books before going to bed.
Yo leo libros antes de acostarme.
B2 noun /ˌɒb.zəˈveɪ.ʃənz/

observations

observación
Meaning
The action or process of observing something carefully.
Example
Observations of distant galaxies provide new insights.
Las observaciones de galaxias distantes proporcionan nuevas ideas.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

excusable

excusable
Meaning
Able to be forgiven or justified.
Example
Her mistake was excusable given the circumstances.
Su error era excusable dadas las circunstancias.
B2 noun /ˈmɒdjuːl/

module

módulo
Meaning
a self-contained unit of a course or system, typically part of a larger whole
Example
The module on machine learning was difficult but informative.
El módulo de aprendizaje automático fue difícil pero informativo.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈkɛəriəs/

vicarious

felicidad
Meaning
experienced through the feelings or actions of another person
Example
She felt vicarious excitement watching her son win the award.
No pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 noun /səˈlɪsɪtər/

solicitor

abogado
Meaning
A type of lawyer who gives legal advice and prepares legal documents, often representing clients in lower courts.
Example
She consulted a solicitor before signing the contract.
Consultó a un abogado antes de firmar el contrato.
A2 adjective /ˈwʊdən/

wooden

de madera
Meaning
made of wood
Example
The house had beautiful wooden floors.
La casa tenía hermosos pisos de madera.
C1 verb /ˈmedɪkeɪt/

medicate

medicar
Meaning
to treat with medicine; to give drugs to someone for medical purposes
Example
The doctor will medicate the patient to reduce inflammation.
El doctor medicará al paciente para reducir la inflamación.
B2 noun /ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒi/

anthropology

antropología
Meaning
the scientific study of humans, their societies, cultures, and development
Example
She decided to major in anthropology at university.
Decidió especializarse en antropología en la universidad.
C2 noun /kwiːn kreɪp ˈmɜːrtəl/

Queen crape myrtle

Myrtillo de crepé de la reina
Meaning
A flowering tree with colorful, crepe-like flowers, scientifically known as Lagerstroemia
Example
The Queen crape myrtle bloomed beautifully in the garden with its purple flowers.
El myrtillo de crepé de la reina floreció hermosamente en el jardín con sus flores moradas.
B1 noun /ˈkɜːr.ənt/

Current

corriente
Meaning
a body of water or air moving in a definite direction; present time
Example
The river current was too strong for swimming.
La corriente del río era demasiado fuerte para nadar.
A1 verb /mʌst/

must

deber
Meaning
to be required or obligated to
Example
You must complete your homework before you go out.
Debes completar tu tarea antes de salir.
B2 adjective ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl

ecological

ecológico
Meaning
Relating to ecology or the environment.
Example
Deforestation threatens the ecological balance of the planet.
La deforestación amenaza el equilibrio ecológico del planeta.
C1 noun (plural) /ˈɪndɪˌsiːz/

indices

índices
Meaning
plural form of index; statistical measures or reference points used for comparison
Example
Stock market indices fell sharply after the announcement.
Los índices del mercado de valores cayeron drásticamente después del anuncio.
B1 noun /ˈfeɪvər/

favor

favor
Meaning
An act of kindness or approval.
Example
She asked him for a small favor.
Ella le pidió un pequeño favor.
A1 adjective /ˈwʌndərfəl/

wonderful

maravilloso
Meaning
extremely good or impressive
Example
She had a wonderful time at the party.
Ella tuvo un tiempo maravilloso en la fiesta.
B2 noun /ˌrɛprɪzɛnˈteɪʃən/

representation

representación
Meaning
the action of speaking or acting on behalf of someone or something
Example
Her representation of the team was impeccable.
Su representación del equipo fue impecable.
B1 noun ˈreɪn.fɒr.ɪst

rainforest

selva tropical
Meaning
A luxuriant, dense forest rich in biodiversity, found typically in tropical areas with consistently heavy rainfall.
Example
The Amazon rainforest is home to millions of species.
La selva tropical del Amazonas es hogar de millones de especies.
B2 adjective /ˈneɪbərɪŋ/

neighboring

vecino
Meaning
situated near or next to another place; adjacent or nearby.
Example
They visited a neighboring village for the festival.
Visitaron un pueblo vecino para el festival.
B2 noun /ˈdɛltə/

delta

delta
Meaning
A landform at the mouth of a river where it splits into several outlets.
Example
The Nile Delta is one of the most fertile regions in Egypt.
El delta del Nilo es una de las regiones más fértiles de Egipto.
C1 noun /ˈsaɪnəs/

sinus

seno
Meaning
A cavity within a bone or tissue, especially those in the bones of the face connected with the nasal cavities.
Example
He suffered from a sinus infection that caused headaches.
Él sufrió de una infección sinusal que le causó dolor de cabeza.
C1 adjective /ˌhɔːrtɪˈkʌltʃərəl/

horticultural

relacionado con la horticultura
Meaning
Relating to the art or practice of garden cultivation and management.
Example
She studied horticultural science at the university.
Ella estudió ciencia hortícola en la universidad.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbreɪs/

embrace

abrazar
Meaning
to hold someone closely in your arms; to accept willingly
Example
She embraced her friend at the airport.
Ella abrazó a su amiga en el aeropuerto.
C2 noun /məˈdɒn.ə/

madonna

madonna (Virgen María)
Meaning
An artistic representation of the Virgin Mary; also used as a respectful form of address for a woman in Italian culture.
Example
The Renaissance painting depicts a Madonna holding child Jesus.
La pintura renacentista muestra a una Madonna sosteniendo al niño Jesús.
B2 adjective /ˌnɒnˈprɒfɪt/

nonprofit

sin fines de lucro
Meaning
an organization that does not aim to make a profit, often serving a social or charitable purpose.
Example
She works for a nonprofit organization that helps children.
Ella trabaja para una organización sin fines de lucro que ayuda a los niños.
A2 noun /stɛps/

steps

pasos
Meaning
A measure or action, especially one of a series taken in order to deal with or achieve a particular thing.
Example
Taking small steps reduces overwhelm.
Dar pequeños pasos reduce el agobio.
A2 verb /hæŋ/

hang

colgar
Meaning
to suspend or be suspended from above; to attach from a higher point
Example
I hang my coat on the hook.
Cuelgo mi abrigo en el gancho.
C1 adjective /ˈmaɪzərli/

miserly

tacaño
Meaning
Unwilling to spend money; stingy.
Example
She lived a miserly life, refusing to buy anything new.
Vivió una vida tacaña, negándose a comprar algo nuevo.
C2 adjective ˌmɔː.fəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl

morphological

relacionado con la estructura y formación de palabras
Meaning
Related to the structure and formation of words; concerning morphology in linguistics.
Example
Morphological analysis helps AI understand word structures.
El análisis morfológico ayuda a la IA a entender las estructuras de las palabras.
C1 noun /ɪˈnæməl/

enamel

esmalte
Meaning
a hard, glossy substance used as a protective or decorative coating; the hard outer layer of teeth
Example
The dentist explained that enamel protects the teeth from decay.
El dentista explicó que el esmalte protege los dientes de la caries.
C1 noun /ˈnoʊmæd/

nomad

nómada
Meaning
A person who has no permanent home and moves from place to place.
Example
The desert was once home to nomads who lived by herding animals.
El desierto fue una vez hogar de los nómadas que vivían pastoreando animales.
C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈpoʊz/

interpose

interponer
Meaning
To place or insert between one thing and another; to intervene in a situation.
Example
He quickly interposed himself between the fighters to stop the quarrel.
Él rápidamente se interpuso entre los luchadores para detener la pelea.
C2 noun/adjective /ˈsaɪklɔɪd/

cycloid

curva ciclóidea
Meaning
a curve traced by a point on the rim of a circle as it rolls along a straight line
Example
The cycloid is often studied in mathematics and physics.
La ciclóidea se estudia a menudo en matemáticas y física.
B2 verb /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/

compromise

comprometer
Meaning
To expose or make vulnerable to danger, suspicion, or disrepute.
Example
Excessive sharing can compromise your privacy.
Compartir en exceso puede comprometer tu privacidad.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrksəm/

irksome

molesto
Meaning
annoying or irritating
Example
Waiting in a long line is one of the most irksome tasks.
Esperar en una larga fila es una de las tareas más molestas.
B2 adjective /plʌmp/

plump

gordo o redondeado
Meaning
having a full, rounded shape; pleasantly fat
Example
The cat was plump and well-fed.
El gato estaba gordo y bien alimentado.
C1 verb /ˈʃɪmər/

shimmer

brillar tenuemente
Meaning
To shine with a soft, wavering light.
Example
The lake shimmered under the moonlight.
El lago brillaba bajo la luz de la luna.
C2 noun /fiːˈkʌndɪti/

fecundity

fecundidad, fertilidad
Meaning
the ability to produce an abundance of offspring or new growth; fertility
Example
The fecundity of the river delta supports diverse wildlife.
La fecundidad del delta del río apoya la diversidad de la vida silvestre.
C2 adjective /ˈdɛprɪkətɔːri/

deprecatory

despectivo
Meaning
expressing disapproval or belittling
Example
He gave a deprecatory remark about their performance.
Hizo un comentario despectivo sobre su desempeño.
C1 adjective /ˈfɔːrθˌraɪt/

forthright

directo
Meaning
Direct and honest in speech or behavior; straightforward.
Example
She was forthright in her criticism of the policy.
Ella fue directa en su crítica a la política.
C1 adjective /dɪˈʃɛvəld/

disheveled

desordenado
Meaning
Untidy, messy, or in disorder, especially of hair or clothing.
Example
He arrived with disheveled hair and wrinkled clothes.
Él llegó con el cabello desordenado y la ropa arrugada.
B2 verb /dʌmp/

dump

dejar caer o desechar algo descuidadamente
Meaning
to drop or dispose of something carelessly; to end a relationship suddenly
Example
He dumped all the trash into the bin.
Él tiró toda la basura en el bote.
C2 adjective /bɪˈnaɪtɪd/

benighted

oscuro, ignorante
Meaning
In a state of intellectual or moral ignorance; overtaken by darkness.
Example
The explorers were lost in the benighted forest without any guide.
Los exploradores se perdieron en el bosque oscuro sin ningún guía.
B2 verb /dɪˈtɜːr/

deter

disuadir, desalentar
Meaning
to discourage someone from doing something by instilling doubt or fear
Example
High fines are meant to deter people from breaking the law.
Las altas multas están destinadas a disuadir a las personas de romper la ley.
C2 noun /ˈɛksplɪkeɪtər/

explicator

explicador
Meaning
a person who explains or interprets something in detail
Example
The critic served as an explicator of the poet’s complex works.
El crítico sirvió como un explicador de los complejos trabajos del poeta.
C2 noun /əˈnɔɪnt.mənt/

anointment

unción
Meaning
The act of anointing, usually with oil, as part of a ritual or ceremony.
Example
The anointment of the new leader was a sacred ritual.
La unción del nuevo líder fue un ritual sagrado.
C2 noun /ˈflɛdʒlɪŋ/

fledgeling

pájaro joven
Meaning
A young bird that has just developed its feathers and is learning to fly; a beginner.
Example
The fledgeling was trying hard to take its first flight.
El pájaro joven estaba tratando de hacer su primer vuelo.
C1 noun /ˈkɔːrdən/

cordon

cordón de seguridad
Meaning
a line or circle of police, soldiers, or guards preventing access
Example
The police set up a cordon around the crime scene.
La policía estableció un cordón alrededor de la escena del crimen.
C2 noun /ɪˈluːmɪnənt/

illuminant

iluminante
Meaning
A substance or device that produces light.
Example
The lamp acted as an illuminant in the dark cave.
La lámpara actuó como un iluminante en la cueva oscura.
B2 adjective /rɪˈzɜːrvd/

Reserved

reservado; introvertido
Meaning
slow to reveal emotion or opinions; restrained in manner
Example
She is quite reserved and doesn't talk much in meetings.
Ella es bastante reservada y no habla mucho en las reuniones.
B2 noun ˌpʌŋkˈtʃʊəlɪti

punctuality

puntualidad
Meaning
The quality of being on time; the habit of arriving or doing things at the agreed or proper time.
Example
Punctuality is a valued trait in professional settings.
La puntualidad es una cualidad valorada en los entornos profesionales.
A2 pronoun /aʊərˈsɛlvz/

ourselves

nosotros mismos
Meaning
used by the speaker to refer to themselves and one or more others as the object of the verb
Example
We should help ourselves before helping others.
Debemos ayudarnos a nosotros mismos antes de ayudar a los demás.
B2 adverb /əˈproʊpriətli/

appropriately

apropiadamente
Meaning
in a way that is suitable or proper for a particular situation
Example
She was dressed appropriately for the event.
Ella estaba vestida apropiadamente para el evento.
C1 adjective /ˈheɪt.fəl/

Hateful

Odioso
Meaning
causing or deserving hatred; extremely unpleasant or offensive
Example
His hateful comments hurt everyone's feelings.
Sus comentarios odiosos lastimaron los sentimientos de todos.
C1 adjective /ɪˈɡriːdʒəs/

egregious

atroz
Meaning
Outstandingly bad; shocking.
Example
The company was fined for its egregious safety violations.
La empresa fue multada por sus atroces violaciones de seguridad.
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛkt/

dissect

disecar
Meaning
to cut apart an animal, plant, or other organism to study its internal parts; to analyze something in detail
Example
In biology class, students had to dissect a frog to learn about its anatomy.
En la clase de biología, los estudiantes tuvieron que diseccionar una rana para aprender sobre su anatomía.
C2 verb /skwɛltʃ/

squelch

hacer un sonido suave, como caminar en el barro; suprimir o callar
Meaning
to make a soft sucking sound, such as when walking on mud; to suppress or silence
Example
His boots squelched in the wet ground.
Sus botas hicieron un ruido de squelch en el suelo mojado.
C1 adjective ɪˌɡæl.ɪˈteə.ri.ən

egalitarian

igualitario
Meaning
Believing in or based on the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.
Example
The new law promotes an egalitarian society.
La nueva ley promueve una sociedad igualitaria.
C1 noun /ˈkæzəm/

chasm

grieta / gran diferencia
Meaning
a deep fissure in the earth's surface or a wide difference between people or ideas
Example
There was a great chasm between the two political parties.
Había una gran grieta entre los dos partidos políticos.
C1 verb /nʌdʒ/

nudge

empujón con el codo
Meaning
To push someone gently, usually with your elbow, in order to attract attention.
Example
She nudged him to be quiet during the meeting.
Ella lo empujó suavemente para que estuviera en silencio durante la reunión.
C1 noun dʒuːˈdɪʃ.ər.i

judiciary

poder judicial
Meaning
The judicial authorities of a country; the system of courts that interprets and applies the law.
Example
The judiciary ensures the rule of law.
El poder judicial asegura el estado de derecho.
B2 noun nɪˈsesɪti

necessity

necesidad
Meaning
The fact of being required or indispensable; an indispensable thing.
Example
Waste management is a necessity for environmental sustainability.
La gestión de residuos es una necesidad para la sostenibilidad ambiental.
B1 verb /piːl/

peel

pelar
Meaning
to remove the outer covering or skin from a fruit or vegetable
Example
She peeled the mango before eating it.
Ella peló el mango antes de comerlo.
C2 noun /praɪˈveɪʃən/

privation

privación, carencia
Meaning
A state in which things essential for human well-being such as food and warmth are lacking.
Example
The refugees suffered great privation during the harsh winter.
Los refugiados sufrieron una gran privación durante el invierno severo.
C1 noun /ˈɪnˌmeɪt/

inmate

interno
Meaning
a person confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital
Example
The prison has over a thousand inmates.
La prisión tiene más de mil internos.
C1 noun /ˈɡæm.ət/

gamut

rango completo
Meaning
The complete range or scope of something.
Example
Her emotions ran the gamut from joy to sorrow in just a few minutes.
Sus emociones pasaron del gozo a la tristeza en solo unos minutos.
A2 noun/verb /ˈtræn.spɔːrt/

transport

transporte
Meaning
The movement of people or goods from one place to another.
Example
Efficient transport systems reduce travel time.
Los sistemas de transporte eficientes reducen el tiempo de viaje.