sedate
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C1 adjective, verb /sɪˈdeɪt/

sedate

sedar
Meaning
calm, quiet, and composed; or to administer a drug to make someone calm or sleep
Example
The nurse sedated the patient before the operation.
La enfermera sedó al paciente antes de la operación.
C1 noun /səbˈdʒɛkʃən/

subjection

subyugación
Meaning
the act of bringing someone or something under control or domination
Example
The people suffered under the subjection of a cruel ruler.
El pueblo sufrió bajo la subyugación de un gobernante cruel.
C2 adjective /ˈslʌvənli/

slovenly

desordenado
Meaning
Untidy or careless in appearance, habits, or work.
Example
His slovenly appearance made a bad impression at the interview.
Su apariencia desordenada causó una mala impresión en la entrevista.
B1 noun /ˈspɪn.ɪtʃ/

Spinach

espinaca
Meaning
a vegetable with large dark green leaves that are eaten cooked or uncooked
Example
Fresh spinach is very nutritious.
La espinaca fresca es muy nutritiva.
B2 noun /ˈswɒl.oʊ/

Swallow

golondrina
Meaning
a small migratory bird with long wings and a forked tail
Example
The swallow built its nest under the roof.
La golondrina construyó su nido bajo el techo.
C1 adjective /ˈsæljʊˌtɛri/

salutary

saludable
Meaning
Producing good effects; beneficial, especially after something unpleasant.
Example
The accident was a salutary reminder to drive carefully.
El accidente fue un recordatorio saludable de conducir con cuidado.
B1 noun /ˈʃel.tər/

Shelter

refugio
Meaning
a place giving temporary protection from bad weather or danger
Example
The hikers found shelter in a cave during the heavy rain.
Los excursionistas encontraron refugio en una cueva durante la fuerte lluvia.
A2 noun /ʃɪp/

Ship

barco
Meaning
a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and seas
Example
The cargo ship departed from the port at dawn.
El barco de carga zarpó del puerto al amanecer.
C2 noun /ˈsuːpsɒ̃/

soupcon

una pequeña cantidad
Meaning
a very small quantity of something; a trace
Example
She added just a soupcon of spice to the dish.
Ella añadió solo una pequeña cantidad de especia al plato.
C1 noun /stɪˈlɛtoʊ/

stiletto

zapato de tacón delgado / daga
Meaning
A small, thin, high-heeled shoe or a dagger with a slender blade.
Example
She wore elegant stiletto heels to the party.
Ella llevaba unos elegantes tacones stilettos a la fiesta.
B1 noun, verb /ʃeɪd/

shade

sombra
Meaning
a sheltered or darker area where direct light is blocked; to block light from something
Example
We sat under the tree for some shade.
Nos sentamos bajo el árbol para un poco de sombra.
B1 noun, verb /strɪŋ/

string

hilo
Meaning
a thin piece of cord or thread; to tie or fasten with a string
Example
She tied the package with a string.
Ella ató el paquete con un hilo.
C1 noun /ˈstoʊəˌweɪ/

stowaway

polizón
Meaning
A person who hides on a ship, plane, or other vehicle in order to travel secretly without paying.
Example
The crew discovered a stowaway hiding in the cargo hold.
La tripulación descubrió un polizón escondido en el compartimento de carga.
B1 adjective /ˈsæt.ɪs.fæk.tər.i/

Satisfactory

satisfactorio
Meaning
acceptable; meeting requirements; adequate
Example
The test results were satisfactory.
Los resultados de la prueba fueron satisfactorios.
B2 adjective /suːˈpriːm/

Supreme

supremo
Meaning
highest in rank, authority, or quality; greatest; most important
Example
The Supreme Court made the final decision.
El Tribunal Supremo tomó la decisión final.
B2 noun /ˈsiː.krə.si/

Secrecy

secreto
Meaning
the practice of keeping something secret; the state of being kept hidden
Example
The project was conducted in complete secrecy.
El proyecto se llevó a cabo en completo secreto.
C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

suicida
Meaning
relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful
Example
The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.
La conducción imprudente fue un comportamiento suicida.
B2 noun /ˈstæm.ɪ.nə/

Stamina

resistencia
Meaning
the ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort
Example
Marathon runners need great stamina to complete the race.
Los corredores de maratón necesitan gran resistencia para completar la carrera.
C1 noun /ˈstæl.i.ən/

stallion

caballo macho para cría
Meaning
An adult male horse that is not castrated, often used for breeding.
Example
The farm owns a powerful stallion for breeding purposes.
La granja posee un caballo macho poderoso para fines de cría.
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsəˈbɪləti/

Sensibility

sensibilidad
Meaning
the ability to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences; sensitivity
Example
Her artistic sensibility made her appreciate fine details in paintings.
Su sensibilidad artística la hizo apreciar los detalles finos en las pinturas.
B1 verb /ˈsʌfər/

suffer

sufrir
Meaning
to experience pain, distress, or hardship
Example
She suffered from a severe headache all day.
Ella sufrió de un fuerte dolor de cabeza todo el día.
B1 noun /səˈdʒes.tʃən/

Suggestion

sugerencia; consejo
Meaning
an idea or plan put forward for consideration; advice or recommendation
Example
Do you have any suggestions for improving our team's productivity?
¿Tienes alguna sugerencia para mejorar la productividad de nuestro equipo?
C2 noun /sɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd/

Similitude

similitud; semejanza
Meaning
the quality or state of being similar; resemblance
Example
The similitude between the two paintings suggested they were by the same artist.
La similitud entre las dos pinturas sugirió que fueron hechas por el mismo artista.
B1 noun ˈsɪs.təmz

systems

sistemas
Meaning
A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole.
Example
Effective systems improve productivity.
Los sistemas efectivos mejoran la productividad.
C1 adjective ˌsɪmbɪˈɒtɪk

symbiotic

simbiótico
Meaning
Involving interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association.
Example
The relationship between the bee and the flower is symbiotic.
La relación entre la abeja y la flor es simbiótica.
B2 noun səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

sustainability

sostenibilidad
Meaning
The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level; the avoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain ecological balance.
Example
Sustainability ensures long-term environmental health.
La sostenibilidad garantiza la salud ambiental a largo plazo.
C1 noun /ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃən/

supposition

suposición
Meaning
An assumption or belief that something is true without certain proof.
Example
His plan was based on the supposition that the market would recover quickly.
Su plan estaba basado en la suposición de que el mercado se recuperaría rápidamente.
C2 verb /ˈsʌblɪmeɪt/

sublimate

transformar en actividades más elevadas
Meaning
to redirect strong emotions or desires into socially acceptable activities or channels
Example
She sublimated her anger into painting beautiful landscapes.
Ella sublimó su ira en pintar hermosos paisajes.
B2 adjective /ˈʃæb.i/

Shabby

desgastado; en mal estado; con signos de desgaste; injusto o cruel
Meaning
worn out; in poor condition; showing signs of wear; unfair or mean
Example
His shabby clothes showed that he had been traveling for days.
Su ropa desgastada mostraba que había estado viajando durante días.
C1 verb ˈsɪn.θə.saɪ.zɪŋ

synthesizing

sintetizar, combinar, presentar de forma coherente
Meaning
Combine (a number of things) into a coherent whole.
Example
He excels in synthesizing ideas from different sources.
Él sobresale en sintetizar ideas de diferentes fuentes.
C2 noun səˈtaɪ.ə.ti

satiety

satisfacción
Meaning
The feeling of being satisfied or full, especially with regard to food.
Example
High-fiber foods provide longer satiety.
Los alimentos ricos en fibra proporcionan mayor satisfacción.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːvənt/

servant

sirviente
Meaning
a person who performs duties for others, especially in a household
Example
The servant opened the door for the guests.
El sirviente abrió la puerta para los invitados.
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrvaɪl/ or /ˈsɜːrvəl/

servile

servil
Meaning
having or showing an excessive willingness to serve or please others
Example
His servile attitude annoyed his colleagues.
Su actitud servil molestaba a sus compañeros.
A2 noun /spiːtʃ/

Speech

discurso; alocución;
Meaning
formal address or discourse delivered to an audience; the expression of thoughts in spoken words
Example
The president gave an inspiring speech to the nation.
El presidente dio un discurso inspirador a la nación.
C1 noun /sloʊθ/

Sloth

pereza; reluctancia a trabajar o hacer un esfuerzo
Meaning
laziness; reluctance to work or make an effort
Example
His sloth prevented him from achieving his goals.
Su pereza le impidió alcanzar sus metas.
C1 adjective /sɪər/

Sear

marchito; seco; quemado
Meaning
withered; dried up; burned or scorched
Example
The sear leaves fell from the trees in autumn.
Las hojas secas cayeron de los árboles en otoño.
B2 noun /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

supervision

supervisión
Meaning
the action or process of overseeing or managing something or someone
Example
The project was completed under the supervision of an experienced manager.
El proyecto se completó bajo la supervisión de un gerente experimentado.
C2 noun /ˈstrɪk.tʃər/

stricture

restricción, crítica
Meaning
a restriction or limitation; a critical remark
Example
The new law placed a severe stricture on free speech.
La nueva ley impuso una restricción severa a la libertad de expresión.
B2 noun /ˌsɛlf ɪˈstiːm/

self-esteem

autoestima
Meaning
confidence in one's own worth or abilities; self-respect
Example
Building self-esteem takes time and consistent effort.
Construir la autoestima requiere tiempo y esfuerzo constante.
C2 verb /sʌbˈtɛnd/

subtend

subtender
Meaning
To extend across or form an angle at a particular point, often used in geometry.
Example
The arc subtends a 60-degree angle at the center of the circle.
El arco subtende un ángulo de 60 grados en el centro del círculo.
A2 noun səˈsaɪəti

society

sociedad
Meaning
The aggregate of people living together in a more or less ordered community.
Example
Society plays a pivotal role in shaping an individual's values.
La sociedad juega un papel crucial en la formación de los valores de un individuo.
C1 noun /stɛntʃ/

stench

hedor
Meaning
A very strong and unpleasant smell.
Example
The stench of garbage filled the alley.
El hedor de la basura llenó el callejón.
B1 noun sɪˈlek.ʃən

selection

selección
Meaning
The action or fact of carefully choosing someone or something as being the best or most suitable.
Example
The selection process is based on merit.
El proceso de selección se basa en el mérito.
A2 noun, verb /ˈsɛntəns/

sentence

oración; sentencia
Meaning
A set of words that expresses a complete thought; or a punishment given by a court of law.
Example
The judge gave him a five-year prison sentence.
El juez le dio una sentencia de cinco años de prisión.
B2 adjective /ˈskætərd/

Scattered

disperso; esparcido;
Meaning
spread widely apart; dispersed; occurring here and there
Example
Scattered showers are expected throughout the day.
Se esperan lluvias dispersas durante todo el día.
C1 noun ˌsæn.ɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

sanitization

sanitización
Meaning
The process of cleaning and disinfecting to eliminate germs and bacteria.
Example
Regular sanitization keeps appliances germ-free.
La sanitización regular mantiene los aparatos libres de gérmenes.
C2 verb /ˈsʌk.əl/

suckle

amamantar
Meaning
to feed a baby or young animal with milk from the breast or udder
Example
The mother cat suckled her kittens in the basket.
La madre gata amamantó a sus gatitos en la cesta.
C2 noun /ˈsɪbɪləns/

sibilance

sonido susurrante
Meaning
A hissing or hushing sound, especially in speech with 's' or 'sh'.
Example
The poet used sibilance to create a soft, hissing effect in the verse.
El poeta usó la sibilancia para crear un efecto suave de siseo en el verso.
A2 adverb /ˈsɪə.ri.əs.li/

seriously

seriamente
Meaning
in a solemn or thoughtful manner
Example
She took the matter very seriously.
Ella tomó el asunto muy seriamente.
C1 noun /ˈsed.ɪ.mənt/

Sediment

sedimento
Meaning
matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; particles deposited by water or wind
Example
The river carried sediment downstream during the flood.
El río llevó sedimento río abajo durante la inundación.
C1 adjective /skænt/

Scant

escaso
Meaning
barely sufficient; inadequate; small in amount
Example
There was scant evidence to support his claim.
Había pocas pruebas para respaldar su afirmación.
B2 noun /skwɒd/

squad

escuadra
Meaning
a small group of people organized for a specific purpose or task, often in the military or sports
Example
The football squad trained hard before the championship match.
El equipo de fútbol entrenó duro antes del partido de campeonato.
B2 noun /ˈstiː.mər/

Steamer

vapor
Meaning
a ship or boat powered by steam engines
Example
The old steamer crossed the river slowly.
El viejo vapor cruzó el río lentamente.
C1 adjective /spəˈrædɪk/

sporadic

esporádico
Meaning
Occurring irregularly or in scattered instances rather than continuously.
Example
The region experienced sporadic rain showers throughout the week.
La región experimentó lluvias esporádicas durante toda la semana.
B1 verb /siːl/

seal

sellar, cerrar
Meaning
to close or secure something tightly or officially confirm something
Example
He sealed the envelope before sending the letter.
Él selló el sobre antes de enviar la carta.
B2 adverb /ˈsiː.krət.li/

secretly

secretamente
Meaning
in a way that is hidden or not known by others
Example
She secretly planned a surprise party for her friend.
Ella planeó secretamente una fiesta sorpresa para su amiga.
B2 noun /soʊp keɪs/

Soap case

caja de jabón
Meaning
a container used to store soap
Example
She bought a beautiful soap case for the bathroom.
Ella compró una hermosa caja de jabón para el baño.
C1 verb /ˈstriːmlaɪnɪŋ/

streamlining

simplificación
Meaning
The process of making an organization or system more efficient by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps
Example
Streamlining processes can significantly reduce operational costs.
La simplificación de procesos puede reducir significativamente los costos operacionales.
B1 noun /ˈseɪ.vɪŋz/

savings

ahorros
Meaning
Money that is saved, especially in a bank or official scheme for future use.
Example
Many people invest their savings in real estate.
Muchas personas invierten sus ahorros en bienes raíces.
A2 verb /səkˈsiːd/

succeed

tener éxito
Meaning
to achieve the desired aim or result; to do well
Example
She worked hard to succeed in her career.
Ella trabajó duro para tener éxito en su carrera.
B2 adjective ˈskɒl.ə.li

scholarly

erudito
Meaning
Having or showing great knowledge or learning; academic in approach or method.
Example
He wrote a scholarly article on ancient philosophy.
Escribió un artículo erudito sobre la filosofía antigua.
B1 noun /ˈspæroʊ/

Sparrow

gorrión
Meaning
small brown and grey bird commonly found in cities and towns
Example
The sparrow chirped cheerfully from the tree branch.
El gorrión cantó alegremente desde la rama del árbol.
B2 verb, noun /ʃeɪv/

shave

afeitar
Meaning
To remove hair from the body, typically using a razor; the act of removing hair
Example
He likes to shave every morning before work.
Le gusta afeitarse todas las mañanas antes del trabajo.
B2 adjective /ˈstʌb.ərn/

Stubborn

terco; obstinado; testarudo
Meaning
refusing to change opinion or course of action; persistent; obstinate
Example
The stubborn child refused to eat his vegetables.
El niño terco se negó a comer sus verduras.
B1 adjective /səˈfɪʃənt/

Sufficient

suficiente; adecuado para el propósito; satisfactorio
Meaning
enough; adequate for the purpose; satisfactory
Example
We have sufficient time to complete the project.
Tenemos suficiente tiempo para completar el proyecto.
B2 noun /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtɛndənt/

superintendent

superintendente
Meaning
a person who oversees, manages, or directs an organization, building, or project
Example
The superintendent visited the classrooms to check on progress.
El superintendente visitó las aulas para revisar el progreso.
B1 verb/adjective /sɪˈkjʊər/

secure

asegurar
Meaning
to make safe or protect; to fix something firmly in place
Example
Please secure the door before you leave.
Por favor asegura la puerta antes de irte.
B2 verb /sɜːrdʒ/

surge

avanzar bruscamente
Meaning
to move suddenly and powerfully forward or upward
Example
The crowd surged forward when the gates opened.
La multitud se adelantó rápidamente cuando se abrieron las puertas.
B1 verb /stɛə/

stare

mirar fijamente
Meaning
to look at something with a fixed gaze
Example
She stared at the painting for hours.
Ella miró fijamente la pintura durante horas.
B2 verb ˈstɪmjəleɪt

stimulate

estimular
Meaning
To encourage or promote the development or growth of something
Example
Proper sunlight stimulates plant growth.
La luz solar adecuada estimula el crecimiento de las plantas.
A2 noun /skwɛə(r)/

square

cuadrado
Meaning
a shape with four equal straight sides and four right angles
Example
The table has a square shape.
La mesa tiene una forma cuadrada.
B2 adjective /ˈsoʊbər/

Sober

sobrio; serio y reflexivo; moderado
Meaning
not affected by alcohol; serious and thoughtful; moderate
Example
He remained sober throughout the celebration.
Él permaneció sobrio durante toda la celebración.
C1 verb /ˈsɔːntər/

saunter

caminar despacio
Meaning
to walk in a slow, relaxed manner without hurry or effort
Example
We sauntered along the riverside, stopping now and then to watch the boats.
Caminamos lentamente por la orilla del río, deteniéndonos de vez en cuando para observar los botes.
B2 noun /ˈstɑːrt.ʌp/

startup

empresa emergente
Meaning
A newly established business, especially a small technology or business company that is just beginning operations.
Example
The startup secured funding from investors.
La startup consiguió financiación de los inversores.
B2 noun /ˈʃɔːrt.kʌm.ɪŋ/

Shortcoming

deficiencia; falta; defecto
Meaning
a fault or failure to meet a certain standard; a deficiency
Example
Despite his many talents, he has some shortcomings.
A pesar de sus muchos talentos, tiene algunas deficiencias.
C2 adjective /spɪk/

Spick

extremadamente limpio y ordenado; inmaculado
Meaning
extremely clean and neat; immaculate
Example
The house was spick and span after the cleaning.
La casa estaba completamente limpia y ordenada después de la limpieza.
B1 noun /steɪk/

steak

bistec
Meaning
a thick slice of meat, typically beef, cooked by grilling or frying
Example
He ordered a grilled steak with vegetables.
Él pidió un bistec a la parrilla con verduras.
B1 noun /ʃrɪmp/

Shrimp

camarón
Meaning
a small marine crustacean with a slender body and long legs
Example
We ordered grilled shrimp with garlic butter for dinner.
Pedimos camarones a la parrilla con mantequilla de ajo para la cena.
C1 noun /ˈsmætərɪŋ/

smattering

conocimiento superficial
Meaning
A small amount or superficial knowledge of something.
Example
He has a smattering of Spanish.
Él tiene un conocimiento superficial de español.
B2 verb /skrʌb/

scrub

frotar
Meaning
To rub hard so as to clean, typically with a brush and water.
Example
Excessive scrubbing of the eyes is harmful.
Frotarse excesivamente los ojos es perjudicial.
A2 verb /sɑːlv/

solve

resolver
Meaning
to find an answer to a problem or question; to resolve a difficulty
Example
The detective finally solved the mysterious case.
El detective finalmente resolvió el caso misterioso.
B1 adverb /səkˈsɛsfəli/

successfully

exitosamente
Meaning
in a way that achieves a desired result
Example
She passed the exam successfully after weeks of studying.
Ella aprobó el examen con éxito después de semanas de estudio.
C1 adjective /ˈsɔːrdɪd/

sordid

sórdido
Meaning
involving immoral or dishonorable actions; dirty or unpleasant
Example
The newspaper exposed the politician's sordid past.
El periódico expuso el pasado sórdido del político.
C2 noun /ˈsaɪ.ə.lɪz.əm/

sciolism

pretensión de conocimiento superficial
Meaning
pretentious show of superficial knowledge
Example
His speech was full of sciolism, impressing no one.
Su discurso estaba lleno de sciolismo, sin impresionar a nadie.
C1 adjective /ˈspel.baʊnd/

Spellbound

hechizado; cautivado
Meaning
completely fascinated and unable to move or think about anything else; enchanted
Example
The children sat spellbound as the magician performed his tricks.
Los niños se quedaron hechizados mientras el mago hacía sus trucos.
C1 adverb /suːˈpɜːb.li/

Superbly

de manera excelente
Meaning
in an excellent or outstanding manner
Example
She performed superbly in the dance competition.
Ella actuó de manera excelente en la competencia de danza.
C1 noun /ˈsteɪtəs kwoʊ/

status quo

status quo
Meaning
The existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues.
Example
The government decided to maintain the status quo until further review.
El gobierno decidió mantener el status quo hasta una revisión posterior.
B2 verb /sniːk/

sneak

moverse en secreto
Meaning
to move quietly and secretly to avoid being noticed
Example
He tried to sneak into the house without waking anyone.
Trató de colarse en la casa sin despertar a nadie.
C2 adjective /ˈstɜːr.tər.əs/

stertorous

ronquido fuerte
Meaning
Characterized by heavy snoring or breathing.
Example
The patient’s stertorous breathing alarmed the nurses.
La respiración estertorosa del paciente alarmó a las enfermeras.
A2 noun /ˈsoʊldʒər/

soldier

soldado
Meaning
a person who serves in an army, especially as a professional fighter
Example
The soldier marched proudly with his unit.
El soldado marchó orgullosamente con su unidad.
B1 verb /sərˈvaɪv/

survive

sobrevivir
Meaning
To continue to live or exist after a difficult event or situation.
Example
He managed to survive the storm.
Él logró sobrevivir la tormenta.
B1 noun /ˈsɪɡ.nəl/

Signal

señal
Meaning
a gesture, action, or sound that conveys information or instruction
Example
The traffic signal turned red, so we stopped.
La señal de tráfico se puso roja, así que nos detuvimos.
C1 noun /spɛk/

speck

mancha
Meaning
A very small spot, mark, or particle.
Example
There was a tiny speck of dust on the glass table.
Había una pequeña mancha de polvo en la mesa de cristal.
A1 noun /ˈsɛvən/

seven

siete
Meaning
the number following six and preceding eight
Example
She has seven apples in her basket.
Ella tiene siete manzanas en su cesta.
B2 noun /ʃɪt/

shit

caca
Meaning
a vulgar term for feces or excrement
Example
The dog made a mess by leaving its shit on the floor.
El perro hizo un desorden al dejar su caca en el suelo.
A1 determiner /sʌm/

some

algunos
Meaning
an unspecified amount or number of something
Example
I have some money in my wallet.
Tengo algo de dinero en mi cartera.
C1 adjective /ˈsleɪ.vɪʃ/

slavish

esclavo
Meaning
showing no originality; completely imitative or overly submissive
Example
His slavish devotion to tradition prevented any innovation.
Su devoción esclava a la tradición impidió cualquier innovación.
B2 noun /sɛnˈseɪʃən/

Sensation

sensación; excitación; conmoción; sensación
Meaning
a physical feeling or perception resulting from something that happens to or comes into contact with the body; a widespread reaction of interest and excitement
Example
The new singer became an overnight sensation.
La nueva cantante se convirtió en una sensación de la noche a la mañana.
B1 verb /splɪt/

split

dividir
Meaning
to divide or separate into parts or groups
Example
He split the log in two with an axe.
Él dividió el tronco en dos con un hacha.
B2 verb /səˈspɛnd/

suspend

suspender
Meaning
To temporarily stop something from being active or valid.
Example
The company decided to suspend his membership.
La compañía decidió suspender su membresía.
C2 noun ˈsɒmnələns

somnolence

somnolencia
Meaning
A state of drowsiness or sleepiness; inclination to sleep.
Example
The somnolence after a heavy meal made it hard to concentrate.
La somnolencia después de una comida pesada hizo difícil concentrarse.
A2 noun /suːt/

suit

traje
Meaning
a set of clothes made of the same fabric, usually consisting of trousers and a jacket
Example
He wore a black suit to the wedding.
Él llevó un traje negro a la boda.
B2 noun /ˈsɪmfəni/

Symphony

sinfonía
Meaning
an elaborate musical composition for full orchestra, typically in four movements
Example
The orchestra performed Beethoven's Fifth Symphony.
La orquesta interpretó la Quinta Sinfonía de Beethoven.
C1 adjective /ˈstrɛnjuəs/

strenuous

arduo
Meaning
Requiring or using great effort and energy.
Example
Climbing the mountain was a strenuous task.
Escalar la montaña fue una tarea ardua.
B1 noun /ˈsmoʊkər/

smoker

fumador
Meaning
A person who smokes tobacco or other substances
Example
He is a heavy smoker and tries to quit every year.
Él es un fumador y trata de dejarlo cada año.
B2 noun /suː.pɪər.iˈɔːr.ə.ti/

Superiority

superioridad
Meaning
the quality or state of being superior; higher rank or quality
Example
His superiority in mathematics was evident from his test scores.
Su superioridad en matemáticas era evidente por sus puntajes de prueba.
B2 verb /ˈʃætər/

shatter

romper
Meaning
To break suddenly into many small pieces.
Example
The glass will shatter if you drop it.
El vidrio se romperá si lo dejas caer.
C1 noun ˈsʌb.tɛkst

subtext

subtexto
Meaning
Hidden meaning or message behind spoken or written words
Example
The subtext of his speech suggested disagreement.
El subtexto de su discurso sugirió desacuerdo.
B2 noun /ˈspætʃ.ʊ.lə/

Spatula

espátula
Meaning
a kitchen utensil with a flat, flexible blade used for mixing, spreading, or lifting food
Example
I used a spatula to flip the pancakes in the pan.
Usé una espátula para voltear los panqueques en la sartén.
C1 noun /ˈspiːʃiː/

specie

moneda
Meaning
money in the form of coins rather than notes or credit
Example
The transaction was made in specie.
La transacción se hizo en monedas.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌpl/

supple

flexible
Meaning
Easily bending or moving without breaking; flexible and adaptable.
Example
The gymnast’s body was remarkably supple.
El cuerpo de la gimnasta era notablemente flexible.
B2 noun /ˈsɪr.i.əs.nəs/

Seriousness

seriedad; importancia
Meaning
the quality of being serious; gravity; importance
Example
The seriousness of the situation became clear when the doctor spoke.
La seriedad de la situación quedó clara cuando el doctor habló.
B2 noun /ˈsmɑːrt.nəs/

Smartness

inteligencia; astucia; apariencia ordenada y moderna
Meaning
intelligence; cleverness; neat and fashionable appearance
Example
Her smartness in solving problems impressed everyone.
Su inteligencia al resolver problemas impresionó a todos.
C1 adjective /ˈsek.j ə.l ər/

Secular

laico
Meaning
not connected with religious or spiritual matters; worldly
Example
The country maintains a secular government that separates religion from politics.
El país mantiene un gobierno secular que separa la religión de la política.
B1 noun ˈstrætədʒi

strategy

estrategia
Meaning
A plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall aim.
Example
The strategy ensured success.
La estrategia aseguró el éxito.
C1 noun /saɪð/

scythe

hoz
Meaning
A tool with a long curved blade used for cutting grass or grain.
Example
The farmer sharpened his scythe before harvesting the wheat.
El agricultor afiló su hoz antes de cosechar el trigo.
C2 noun /sɪˈrɒkoʊ/

sirocco

viento cálido y seco
Meaning
A hot, dry wind blowing from North Africa across the Mediterranean to southern Europe.
Example
The sirocco made the city unbearably hot and dusty.
El siroco hizo que la ciudad se volviera insoportablemente calurosa y polvorienta.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈstɜː.lɪŋ/

sterling

moneda británica / excelente
Meaning
British money, especially pounds; of excellent quality.
Example
She was praised for her sterling work on the project.
Fue elogiada por su excelente trabajo en el proyecto.
A2 adverb /ˈsʌd.ən.li/

Suddenly

de repente
Meaning
quickly and without warning; unexpectedly
Example
The car suddenly stopped in the middle of the road.
El coche se detuvo de repente en medio de la carretera.
B2 noun sɔɪl ɪˈrəʊʒən

soil erosion

erosión del suelo
Meaning
The wearing away of topsoil by water, wind, or other natural forces.
Example
Soil erosion can lead to the loss of fertile land.
La erosión del suelo puede llevar a la pérdida de tierras fértiles.
B1 verb /spred/

spread

esparcir
Meaning
to extend over a larger area; to distribute; to apply
Example
The news spread quickly through the town.
La noticia se esparció rápidamente por el pueblo.