Rumpus
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C1 noun /ˈrʌmpəs/

Rumpus

alboroto; ruido; escándalo
Meaning
a noisy disturbance; an uproar or commotion
Example
The children caused quite a rumpus in the playground.
Los niños causaron bastante alboroto en el patio de recreo.
C2 adjective /məˈnaɪəkəl/

maniacal

maniaco
Meaning
behaving like a maniac; showing excessive enthusiasm or madness
Example
He gave a maniacal laugh during the movie.
Él dio una risa maniaca durante la película.
B2 noun /ˈdiː.sən.si/

Decency

decencia
Meaning
behavior that conforms to accepted standards of morality or respectability
Example
She had the decency to apologize for her mistake immediately.
Tuvo la decencia de disculparse por su error de inmediato.
A2 conjunction /ɔːlˈðoʊ/

although

aunque
Meaning
in spite of the fact that; even though
Example
Although it was raining, they went for a walk.
Aunque estaba lloviendo, salieron a caminar.
A2 verb /bɪˈheɪv/

behave

comportarse
Meaning
to act in a particular way; to conduct oneself
Example
Children should behave well in school.
Los niños deben comportarse bien en la escuela.
C2 noun /ˈfoʊ.nə.ɡræm/

phonogram

grafema fonético
Meaning
a written symbol representing a speech sound
Example
The teacher showed how each phonogram represents a particular sound.
El maestro mostró cómo cada fonograma representa un sonido particular.
A2 verb /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/

driving

conducción
Meaning
the act of controlling and operating a vehicle; guiding or motivating something forward
Example
She loves driving along the coast on weekends.
A ella le encanta conducir a lo largo de la costa los fines de semana.
C1 verb/noun /ˈswæɡ.ər/

swagger

presunción
Meaning
To walk or behave in a very confident and arrogant way.
Example
He swaggered into the room as if he owned the place.
Entró en la habitación como si fuera dueño del lugar.
B1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈweɪt/

overweight

sobrepeso
Meaning
heavier than is considered healthy or normal
Example
The doctor advised him to lose weight as he was overweight.
El doctor le aconsejó perder peso ya que tenía sobrepeso.
B1 noun /ˈdaɪ.mənd/

Diamond

diamante
Meaning
a precious stone that is extremely hard and brilliant when cut
Example
She wore a diamond ring on her finger.
Ella llevó un anillo de diamante en su dedo.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɒndərəbl̩/

imponderable

imponderable
Meaning
Something difficult or impossible to estimate, assess, or understand
Example
The outcome of the election depends on many imponderable factors.
El resultado de las elecciones depende de muchos factores imponderables.
B1 adjective /kənˈviː.ni.ənt/

Convenient

conveniente; adecuado; práctico;
Meaning
fitting in well with a person's needs, activities, and plans; suitable and practical
Example
The new shopping mall is very convenient for our family.
El nuevo centro comercial es muy conveniente para nuestra familia.
C2 verb /fleɪ/

flay

despojar/criticar severamente
Meaning
to strip off the skin of something or criticize severely
Example
The chef flayed the fish before cooking it.
El chef despojó el pescado antes de cocinarlo.
C2 noun /ˈtrɒɡlədaɪt/

troglodyte

troglodita
Meaning
A person who lives in a cave or is considered old-fashioned and out of touch.
Example
Some called him a troglodyte for refusing to use modern technology.
Algunos lo llamaron troglodita por negarse a usar tecnología moderna.
C2 adjective /ˌsæsərˈdoʊtl/

sacerdotal

sacerdotal
Meaning
Relating to priests or the priesthood.
Example
The ritual had a distinctly sacerdotal character.
El ritual tenía un carácter claramente sacerdotal.
B2 noun /ˈbeə.rər/

Bearer

portador; titular de un documento
Meaning
a person who carries or brings something; holder of a document
Example
The bearer of this message must deliver it quickly.
El portador de este mensaje debe entregarlo rápidamente.
C1 noun əˈpreɪ.zəl

appraisal

evaluación
Meaning
An assessment or evaluation of performance or quality.
Example
The annual appraisal determines salary increments.
La evaluación anual determina los incrementos salariales.
B2 verb /ˈstreɪtən/

straighten

alisar
Meaning
to make something straight or tidy; to correct or organize
Example
She straightened her hair before the meeting.
Ella se alisó el cabello antes de la reunión.
B2 noun /vaɪˈbreɪ.ʃən/

Vibration

vibración
Meaning
a rapid back and forth movement; oscillation
Example
The phone's vibration woke me up.
La vibración del teléfono me despertó.
A1 adverb /naʊ/

now

ahora
Meaning
at the present moment or time
Example
I am studying now.
Estoy estudiando ahora.
B1 noun /ˈtʃær.ɪ.ti/

Charity

caridad; generosidad; altruismo
Meaning
the voluntary giving of help to those in need; kindness and tolerance in judging others
Example
The wealthy businessman donated millions to charity for education.
El empresario adinerado donó millones a la caridad para la educación.
B2 verb /kənˈstreɪn/

constrain

limitar
Meaning
to limit or restrict someone or something; to force or compel
Example
The new regulations constrain businesses from polluting the environment.
Las nuevas regulaciones limitan a las empresas de contaminar el medio ambiente.
C1 noun /ˈrɛl.ɪk/

relic

reliquia
Meaning
an object surviving from an earlier time, often of historical or religious interest
Example
The museum displayed relics from the ancient civilization.
El museo exhibió reliquias de la antigua civilización.
C1 verb /weɪv/

waive

felicidad
Meaning
to refrain from insisting on or enforcing something, especially a right or claim
Example
She decided to waive her right to a lawyer.
No pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 noun, verb /tæɡ/

tag

etiqueta
Meaning
a label attached to something for identification or information; or to attach such a label
Example
She tagged her luggage before boarding the plane.
Ella etiquetó su equipaje antes de abordar el avión.
B2 adjective /ˌʌnɪnˈtenʃənəl/

Unintentional

no intencionado; accidental
Meaning
not done on purpose; accidental
Example
The damage to the car was unintentional.
El daño al coche fue no intencionado.
B2 adjective /ˈles.ər/

Lesser

menor
Meaning
smaller in amount; of lower importance; inferior
Example
He chose the lesser of two evils when making his decision.
Eligió el menor de dos males al tomar su decisión.
B1 verb /dɪˈzɜːrv/

deserve

merecer
Meaning
To be worthy of something, usually a reward or punishment.
Example
She worked hard and deserves recognition.
Ella trabajó duro y merece reconocimiento.
C2 noun (plural) /ˈɔːspɪsɪz/

auspices

auspicio
Meaning
Patronage, support, or guidance, often used in the phrase 'under the auspices of'.
Example
The conference was held under the auspices of the United Nations.
La conferencia fue celebrada bajo los auspicios de las Naciones Unidas.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪsrɔɪ/

viceroy

Virrey
Meaning
a ruler exercising authority on behalf of a sovereign in a colony or province
Example
The viceroy governed the colony in the king's name.
El virrey gobernó la colonia en nombre del rey.
C2 adjective /ˈflæs.ɪd/

Flaccid

flácido; flojo; colapsado;
Meaning
soft and limp; lacking firmness; drooping
Example
The plant's leaves became flaccid after days without water.
Las hojas de la planta se volvieron flácidas después de varios días sin agua.
C2 adjective /ˈkeəwɔːn/

careworn

agotado y preocupado
Meaning
Showing signs of worry, stress, or exhaustion.
Example
His careworn face revealed years of struggle.
Su rostro agotado revelaba años de lucha.
C1 verb /dɪsˈbænd/

disband

disolver
Meaning
to break up and stop functioning as a group or organization
Example
The club decided to disband after twenty years of activity.
El club decidió disolverse después de veinte años de actividad.
B2 noun /ˈweɪtˌlɪftɪŋ/

weightlifting

halterofilia
Meaning
the sport or activity of lifting heavy weights to build strength and muscle
Example
Weightlifting requires discipline, proper technique, and consistent training.
La halterofilia requiere disciplina y una técnica adecuada.
C1 adjective /ˈrɛtroʊˌɡreɪd/

retrograde

retrógrado
Meaning
moving backward or returning to a worse condition
Example
The policy was seen as a retrograde step for human rights.
Se consideró que la política era un paso retrógrado para los derechos humanos.
C2 noun /ˌɒn.əˌmæt.əˈpiː.ə/

onomatopoeia

onomatopeya
Meaning
The formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named.
Example
The word 'buzz' is an example of onomatopoeia.
La palabra 'zumbido' es un ejemplo de onomatopeya.
B1 noun /rɪˈtaɪə.mənt/

Retirement

jubilación
Meaning
the action or fact of leaving one's job and ceasing to work; the period of life after leaving work
Example
He is planning his retirement after 40 years of service.
Está planeando su jubilación después de 40 años de servicio.
B1 adjective /ˈkoʊzi/

cozy

acogedor
Meaning
giving a feeling of comfort, warmth, and relaxation
Example
We sat in a cozy little café on a rainy day.
Nos sentamos en un acogedor café pequeño en un día lluvioso.
B1 verb /kruːz/

cruise

felicidad
Meaning
to travel smoothly at a moderate speed, especially for pleasure
Example
They decided to cruise along the coast during their vacation.
No pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 verb /ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/

isolate

aislar
Meaning
To separate something or someone from others.
Example
Doctors tried to isolate the patient to prevent the spread of infection.
Los doctores intentaron aislar al paciente para evitar la propagación de la infección.
C1 noun ˈɡræn.dʒər

Grandeur

grandeza
Meaning
Magnificence, majesty, splendor; impressive beauty and scale.
Example
The grandeur of the Colosseum attracts millions of visitors.
La grandeza del Coliseo atrae a millones de visitantes.
C1 noun /ˈhɪr.seɪ/

Hearsay

rumor; chisme
Meaning
information received from other people that one cannot adequately substantiate; rumor
Example
The accusations were based on hearsay rather than concrete evidence or eyewitness testimony.
Las acusaciones se basaron en rumores en lugar de pruebas concretas o el testimonio de testigos.
A2 noun /ɜːθ/

Earth

Tierra; suelo;
Meaning
the planet on which we live; the ground or soil
Example
The astronauts could see Earth from their spacecraft in orbit.
Los astronautas pudieron ver la Tierra desde su nave espacial en órbita.
B2 noun daɪˈmen.ʃən

dimension

dimensión
Meaning
An aspect or feature of a situation, problem, or thing; a measurable extent.
Example
Renewable projects add a new dimension to urban planning.
Los proyectos renovables agregan una nueva dimensión a la planificación urbana.
C1 noun /ˈdɛməɡɒɡ/

demagogue

líder demagógico
Meaning
A political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular desires and prejudices rather than by using rational argument.
Example
The crowd was swayed by the fiery speeches of the demagogue.
La multitud fue influenciada por los discursos apasionados del líder demagógico.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrstwaɪl/

erstwhile

antiguo
Meaning
former or in the past
Example
They were erstwhile friends but no longer speak.
Fueron amigos antiguos, pero ya no hablan.
A1 adverb /ðɛn/

then

entonces
Meaning
at that time; next in order of time or place
Example
We went to the park, and then we had lunch.
Fuimos al parque, y luego comimos.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈbrɔɪld/

embroiled

involucrado
Meaning
being deeply involved in a difficult situation, conflict, or scandal
Example
She found herself embroiled in a heated family dispute.
Se encontró a sí misma involucrada en una acalorada disputa familiar.
C2 noun/verb /ˈmæn.ə.kəl/

manacle

grillete
Meaning
A metal shackle for fastening someone's hands or ankles; also to restrain with such shackles.
Example
The prisoner was manacled before being taken to court.
El prisionero fue maniatado antes de ser llevado al tribunal.
C2 adjective /ˌoʊdəˈrɪfərəs/

odoriferous

fragante
Meaning
having or giving off a smell, especially a strong or pleasant one
Example
The garden was filled with odoriferous flowers.
El jardín estaba lleno de flores fragantes.
B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

viaje; travesía por mar
Meaning
a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
Example
The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.
El viaje del barco a través del Atlántico duró dos semanas.
C1 adjective /ˌsuː.pəˈsɒn.ɪk/

Supersonic

más rápido que la velocidad del sonido; relacionado con velocidades mayores que la del sonido
Meaning
faster than the speed of sound; relating to speeds greater than the speed of sound
Example
The supersonic jet broke the sound barrier.
El avión supersónico rompió la barrera del sonido.
B2 noun ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən

ventilation

ventilación
Meaning
The provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc.
Example
Proper ventilation is essential for maintaining air quality.
La ventilación adecuada es esencial para mantener la calidad del aire.
B2 noun ˈbleɪzə

blazer

blazer
Meaning
A coloured jacket worn by members of a club, team, or school as part of a uniform.
Example
He looked sharp in his navy blue blazer at the event.
Él lucía elegante en su blazer azul marino en el evento.
C1 verb /əˈpiːz/

appease

apaciguar / satisfacer
Meaning
to calm or pacify someone by meeting their demands
Example
The manager tried to appease the angry customer.
El gerente intentó apaciguar al cliente enojado.
A2 noun /skɪl/

skill

habilidad
Meaning
the ability to do something well through training or experience
Example
Her skill in painting impressed everyone.
Su habilidad en la pintura impresionó a todos.
C1 adjective /ˈrænsɪd/

rancid

rancio
Meaning
having a bad taste or smell due to being old or spoiled (especially fats or oils)
Example
The butter had gone rancid after being left out too long.
La mantequilla se puso rancia después de estar demasiado tiempo fuera.
C1 verb /ˈreɪdieɪt/

radiate

irradiar
Meaning
to emit energy or light; to spread out from a center
Example
The fireplace radiates warmth throughout the room.
La chimenea irradia calor por toda la habitación.
C2 verb /drɔːl/

drawl

hablar lentamente de manera perezosa
Meaning
to speak in a slow, lazy way with prolonged vowel sounds
Example
He tends to drawl when he is tired.
Él tiende a hablar lentamente cuando está cansado.
C2 verb /ˈæntɪkweɪt/

antiquate

antiquear
Meaning
To make something old-fashioned or obsolete.
Example
The rise of digital cameras antiquated traditional film photography.
El auge de las cámaras digitales dejó obsoleta la fotografía tradicional en película.
A2 noun /ˈdrɑː.mə/

drama

drama
Meaning
a play for theater, radio, or television, or an exciting or emotional situation
Example
She loves watching historical drama series.
A ella le encanta ver series de drama históricas.
B2 verb /ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ/

undergo

someterse
Meaning
to go through something, especially something unpleasant or difficult
Example
She had to undergo surgery to recover.
Tuvo que someterse a cirugía para recuperarse.
B2 adjective /ˈkɒn.trər.i/

Contrary

contrario; opuesto;
Meaning
opposite in nature, direction, or meaning; completely different
Example
Contrary to popular belief, cats can be very social animals.
Contrario a la creencia popular, los gatos pueden ser animales muy sociales.
C1 adjective /əˈɡrɛəriən/

agrarian

agrícola
Meaning
Related to farming, agriculture, or rural land.
Example
The country’s economy is still largely agrarian.
La economía del país sigue siendo en gran parte agrícola.
B2 noun; adjective /ˌnɒnˈprɒfɪt/

non-profit

sin fines de lucro
Meaning
an organization that does not operate for profit and reinvests surplus to achieve social goals; not intended to make financial profit
Example
She works for a non-profit that provides free education to underprivileged children.
Ella trabaja para una organización sin fines de lucro que ofrece educación gratuita.
B2 noun, adjective /tɑːrt/

tart

tarta
Meaning
A small pie with a sweet or savory filling; or having a sharp, sour taste.
Example
She served a delicious apple tart for dessert.
Ella sirvió una deliciosa tarta de manzana para el postre.
C1 noun /ˈʃæmbəlz/

shambles

desorden total
Meaning
a state of complete disorder or ruin
Example
After the storm, the whole town was in shambles.
Después de la tormenta, toda la ciudad estaba en desorden total.
B1 verb /ˈkɒntrækt/

contract

contratar
Meaning
to make smaller; to enter into a formal agreement
Example
The company will contract a new supplier for materials.
La empresa contratará un nuevo proveedor de materiales.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈnætʃərəl/

Unnatural

antinatural
Meaning
not existing in nature; artificial; forced
Example
The actor's smile looked unnatural and forced.
La sonrisa del actor parecía antinatural y forzada.
C2 noun /ˈtælɪzmən/

talisman

talismán
Meaning
An object believed to have magical powers or bring good luck.
Example
He always carried a small talisman in his pocket for luck.
Siempre llevaba un pequeño talismán en su bolsillo para la suerte.
B1 adverb /ˈruːdli/

Rudely

groseramente
Meaning
in an impolite or discourteous manner
Example
He rudely interrupted the speaker during the presentation.
Interrumpió groseramente al orador durante la presentación.
C2 noun /ˌɒstɛnˈteɪʃən/

ostentation

ostentación
Meaning
excessive display of wealth or knowledge intended to attract admiration or envy
Example
The billionaire’s party was full of ostentation and luxury.
La fiesta del multimillonario estaba llena de ostentación y lujo.
C2 noun /ˌdiːnəʊˈteɪʃən/

denotation

denotación
Meaning
The literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.
Example
The denotation of the word 'rose' is a type of flower.
La denotación de la palabra 'rosa' es un tipo de flor.
C1 noun /ˈspɪnstər/

spinster

soltera
Meaning
An unmarried woman, often one who is older and considered unlikely to marry
Example
The novel featured a kind-hearted spinster who cared for the village children.
La novela presentó a una soltera de buen corazón que cuidaba a los niños del pueblo.
B2 adverb /ˈθɪkli/

Thickly

densamente
Meaning
in a thick manner; densely; heavily
Example
The forest was thickly wooded with tall pine trees.
El bosque estaba densamente cubierto de altos pinos.
B2 adverb /ˈmiːn.taɪm/

Meantime

mientras tanto
Meaning
during the time between two events; in the period of time between now and when something else happens
Example
The food will be ready in an hour; in the meantime, we can watch TV.
La comida estará lista en una hora; mientras tanto, podemos ver televisión.
C1 noun /prəʊˌkræs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

procrastination

procrastinación, posponer tareas
Meaning
The act of delaying or postponing tasks or activities.
Example
Procrastination is the enemy of success.
La procrastinación es el enemigo del éxito.
B1 noun /ˈɛpɪsoʊd/

episode

episodio
Meaning
An event or part of a story, or one installment in a series.
Example
The last episode of the drama was watched by millions.
El último episodio del drama fue visto por millones.
C2 noun /ˌæɡ.rəˈdeɪ.ʃən/

aggradation

proceso de construcción de tierra por depósito de sedimentos
Meaning
The process of land being built up by sediment deposition.
Example
Aggradation helps in the natural expansion of riverbanks.
La aggradación ayuda en la expansión natural de las orillas de los ríos.
C1 noun /ˈswɪndlɚ/

swindler

estafador
Meaning
a person who cheats or deceives others for money or gain
Example
The police finally caught the notorious swindler.
La policía finalmente atrapó al notorio estafador.
B2 adjective /ˈdɒm.ɪ.nənt/

Dominant

dominante; influyente; más importante
Meaning
controlling, influencing, or prevailing over others; most important or powerful
Example
The dominant player controlled the entire basketball game.
El jugador dominante controló todo el juego de baloncesto.
C1 adjective ˌdet.rɪˈmen.təl

detrimental

detrimental
Meaning
Tending to cause harm; damaging or harmful.
Example
Pollution has detrimental effects on fertility.
La contaminación tiene efectos perjudiciales sobre la fertilidad.
C1 verb /skwɪnt/

squint

entrecerrar los ojos
Meaning
to look with partly closed eyes
Example
She squinted at the bright sunlight.
Ella entrecerró los ojos por la luz brillante del sol.
C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

predisposición
Meaning
A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.
Example
Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.
Los factores genéticos pueden influir en la predisposición de una persona a las enfermedades.
A1 pronoun /wɒt/

what

qué
Meaning
used to ask for information about something
Example
What is your name?
¿Cuál es tu nombre?
C2 noun /draɪ ɡuːs ˈbɛri/

Dry goose berry

grosella seca
Meaning
dehydrated amla fruit, rich in vitamin C and used for medicinal and culinary purposes
Example
Dry goose berry powder is excellent for hair growth.
El polvo de grosella seca es excelente para el crecimiento del cabello.
B1 noun /ˌprɛpəˈreɪʃən/

preparation

preparación
Meaning
The act of getting ready or making arrangements for something.
Example
The team made careful preparation for the presentation.
El equipo hizo una preparación cuidadosa para la presentación.
C2 verb /ˈprɑː.məl.ɡeɪt/

promulgate

promulgar
Meaning
To announce or make a law, decree, or idea officially known.
Example
The government promulgated new regulations on data privacy.
El gobierno promulgó nuevas regulaciones sobre privacidad de datos.
C1 adjective /əˌpɒk.əˈlɪp.tɪk/

apocalyptic

apocalíptico
Meaning
Describing the end of the world, or something catastrophic and disastrous.
Example
The movie depicts an apocalyptic future after a nuclear war.
La película describe un futuro apocalíptico después de una guerra nuclear.
B2 noun ɪnˈhɑːns.mənt

enhancement

mejora
Meaning
An increase or improvement in quality, value, or extent.
Example
Enhancement of education quality is vital.
La mejora de la calidad educativa es vital.
C2 adjective /ɔːrˈθɑːɡənl/

orthogonal

ortogonal
Meaning
at right angles; independent or unrelated
Example
In mathematics, two vectors are orthogonal if their dot product is zero.
En matemáticas, dos vectores son ortogonales si su producto punto es cero.
B2 noun /swiːt/

suite

suite
Meaning
a set of rooms designated for one person's or family's use or for a particular purpose
Example
They stayed in the presidential suite at the hotel.
Se hospedaron en la suite presidencial del hotel.
B2 noun /ˈker.ə.siːn/

Kerosene

queroseno
Meaning
a combustible hydrocarbon liquid widely used as a fuel in lamps and heating systems
Example
The old lamp burned kerosene to provide light during power outages.
La vieja lámpara quemaba queroseno para proporcionar luz durante los cortes de energía.
C1 noun /ˈwɛlˌduːər/

well-doer

bienhechor
Meaning
A person who does good deeds; a benefactor.
Example
The community praised the well-doer for his charity.
La comunidad elogió al bienhechor por su caridad.
B2 adjective /ˈɡlɒsi/

glossy

brillante
Meaning
Shiny and smooth in appearance; attractive on the surface but sometimes lacking depth.
Example
She bought a glossy magazine from the store.
Compró una revista brillante en la tienda.
A2 noun /ˈpoʊɪm/

poem

poema
Meaning
a piece of writing that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a distinct form, often using rhyme or meter
Example
She wrote a beautiful poem for her mother.
Ella escribió un hermoso poema para su madre.
A1 noun /ˈfəʊtəʊ/

photo

foto
Meaning
a picture or image captured by a camera
Example
I took a photo of the sunset.
Tomé una foto del atardecer.
C2 adjective /dɪsˈpɛptɪk/

dyspeptic

dispepsia, malhumorado
Meaning
Relating to indigestion or having a gloomy or irritable disposition.
Example
After the heavy meal, he felt dyspeptic and uncomfortable.
Después de la comida pesada, se sintió dispepsico e incómodo.
B1 noun ˈsɛʃənz

sessions

sesiones, reuniones, período
Meaning
A meeting of an official body, especially a court of law, to conduct its business; a period devoted to a particular activity.
Example
The sessions lasted for three hours.
Las sesiones duraron tres horas.
A2 adjective ˈkʌmftəbəl

comfortable

cómodo
Meaning
Giving a feeling of physical ease and relaxation; free from hardship or unpleasant conditions.
Example
Urban planning aims to make cities more comfortable.
La planificación urbana tiene como objetivo hacer que las ciudades sean más cómodas.
C2 verb /sɪˈkwɛstreɪt/

sequestrate

confiscar
Meaning
To take legal possession of assets until a debt is paid or disputes are resolved.
Example
The court decided to sequestrate the company's property.
El tribunal decidió confiscar la propiedad de la empresa.
B2 adjective /ˌʌnkənˈvɛnʃənl/

unconventional

no convencional
Meaning
not based on or conforming to what is generally done or believed
Example
Her unconventional approach to teaching inspired her students to think creatively.
Su enfoque de enseñanza no convencional inspiró a sus estudiantes a pensar creativamente.
C2 adjective /rɪˈfʌldʒənt/

refulgent

resplandeciente
Meaning
Shining brightly; radiant.
Example
The refulgent sun lit up the entire valley.
El sol resplandeciente iluminó todo el valle.
C2 adjective /aɪˈtɪnərənt/

itinerant

itinerante
Meaning
Traveling from place to place, especially for work or duty.
Example
The itinerant teacher moved from village to village to educate children.
El maestro itinerante se movía de pueblo en pueblo para educar a los niños.
C1 noun /pɔl/

Pall

paño que se coloca sobre un ataúd; una capa oscura que crea una atmósfera sombría
Meaning
a cloth spread over a coffin; a dark covering that creates a gloomy atmosphere
Example
A pall of smoke hung over the burning building.
Una capa de humo colgaba sobre el edificio en llamas.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒənt/

insurgent

insurgente
Meaning
A person who rises in revolt against authority or government.
Example
The army arrested several insurgents after the attack.
El ejército arrestó a varios insurgentes después del ataque.
B2 noun; verb /ˈlaɪnʌp/

line-up

alineación; formar en fila
Meaning
a group or arrangement of people or things in a line; to arrange people or things in a row or planned order
Example
The coach announced the team line-up before the match.
El entrenador anunció la alineación antes del partido.
B1 noun /ˈprɛzəns/

presence

presencia
Meaning
The fact or condition of being present; a person's impressive manner or appearance.
Example
His presence in the meeting made everyone feel at ease.
Su presencia en la reunión hizo que todos se sintieran a gusto.
A1 noun /dɔːɡ/

Dog

perro
Meaning
a domesticated carnivorous mammal that is typically kept as a pet or for work
Example
The loyal dog waited patiently for its owner to return home.
El perro leal esperó pacientemente a que su dueño regresara a casa.
B1 noun /meɪt/

mate

amigo, compañero
Meaning
a friend or companion; a partner in marriage or reproduction
Example
He went fishing with his old school mate.
Fue a pescar con su viejo compañero de escuela.
A1 pronoun /ðæt/

that

ese
Meaning
used to identify a specific person or thing observed or heard
Example
That is my book on the table.
Ese es mi libro en la mesa.
C2 noun /məˈlɑː.ti/

Malati

malati
Meaning
a fragrant climbing plant with small white flowers, commonly known as jasmine
Example
The malati vine covered the garden wall with sweet-smelling flowers.
La enredadera de malati cubrió la pared del jardín con flores de olor dulce.
C1 noun /ˈkjuːmɪn/

Cumin

comino
Meaning
A spice made from the dried seeds of a plant in the parsley family, with a warm earthy flavor
Example
Cumin is an essential spice in Indian and Middle Eastern cooking.
El comino es una especia esencial en la cocina india y del Medio Oriente.
B1 noun /dɪˈmænd/

Demand

demanda; deseo de los consumidores por bienes o servicios
Meaning
an urgent request; the desire of consumers for goods or services
Example
The demand for organic food has increased significantly in recent years.
La demanda de alimentos orgánicos ha aumentado significativamente en los últimos años.
A2 adjective /ˈpeɪ.ʃənt/

Patient

felicidad
Meaning
able to wait calmly; tolerant
Example
She was very patient with her young students.
Ella no pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 adjective /ˈɔːrθədɑːks/

orthodox

ortodoxo
Meaning
conforming to traditional beliefs or practices
Example
He comes from a very orthodox family.
Él proviene de una familia muy ortodoxa.
A2 noun /ʃeɪp/

Shape

forma; figura
Meaning
the external form or appearance of something; condition or state
Example
The artist drew a perfect circle shape on the canvas.
El artista dibujó una forma circular perfecta en el lienzo.
C1 adjective /ˈsæv.i/

savvy

astuto, sabio
Meaning
Having practical knowledge and the ability to make good judgments.
Example
She is a tech-savvy entrepreneur.
Ella es una emprendedora experta en tecnología.
C1 noun /ɪˈklɪps/

Eclipse

eclipse (del sol o la luna)
Meaning
an obscuring of light from one celestial body by another; a decline or loss
Example
The total solar eclipse darkened the sky for several minutes.
El eclipse solar total oscureció el cielo durante varios minutos.
C2 noun /ˈɪkθiəˌsɔːrz/

ichthyosaurs

ictiosaurios (un tipo de reptil marino extinto)
Meaning
Extinct marine reptiles that resembled fish and dolphins, dominant during the Mesozoic era.
Example
Ichthyosaurs were swift predators of the ancient seas.
Los ictiosaurios eran depredadores rápidos de los mares antiguos.
C1 noun /ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv ˈliː.də.ʃɪp/

proactive leadership

liderazgo proactivo
Meaning
Leadership that takes initiative and anticipates problems before they occur, rather than reacting to events.
Example
Proactive leadership ensures timely decisions.
El liderazgo proactivo asegura decisiones oportunas.