programming
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN English BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Español FR Francés DE Alemán RU Ruso ZH Chino JA Japonés
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
B1 noun /ˈprəʊɡræmɪŋ/

programming

programación
Meaning
the process of designing and writing computer programs
Example
He has been learning programming for several months now.
Ha estado aprendiendo programación durante varios meses.
C1 noun /ˈpraɪ.meɪt/

primate

primate, animal de la familia de los monos
Meaning
A member of the group of animals including humans, apes, and monkeys.
Example
Humans are classified as primates.
Los humanos están clasificados como primates.
C2 adjective /ˌpriːtərˈnætʃərəl/

preternatural

sobrenatural
Meaning
Beyond what is normal or natural; extraordinary or supernatural.
Example
She had a preternatural ability to remain calm in any crisis.
Ella tenía una habilidad preternatural para mantenerse tranquila en cualquier crisis.
C1 adjective /ˌpɜːrpənˈdɪkjələr/

perpendicular

perpendicular
Meaning
At an angle of 90 degrees to a given line, plane, or surface.
Example
The ladder was placed perpendicular to the ground for safety.
La escalera fue colocada perpendicular al suelo por seguridad.
C1 noun /ˈpʌndɪt/

pundit

experto
Meaning
An expert in a particular subject or field who is frequently called upon to give opinions to the public.
Example
Political pundits debated the election results on television.
Los pundits políticos debatieron sobre los resultados de las elecciones en la televisión.
C2 noun /pɪˈdɒl.ə.dʒi/

pedology

ciencia del suelo
Meaning
The study of soils in their natural environment.
Example
Pedology helps scientists understand soil fertility.
La pedología ayuda a los científicos a comprender la fertilidad del suelo.
C2 noun /poʊˈzɜːr/

poseur

farsante
Meaning
A person who pretends to be something they are not, often to impress others.
Example
Many considered him a poseur because he exaggerated his accomplishments.
Muchos lo consideraban un farsante porque exageraba sus logros.
C2 noun /ˈpriːsɛpt/

precept

precepto
Meaning
A general rule intended to regulate behavior or thought.
Example
Honesty is a fundamental precept in all religions.
La honestidad es un precepto fundamental en todas las religiones.
B2 noun /præŋk/

prank

broma
Meaning
A trick that is intended to be funny but not harmful.
Example
They played a harmless prank on their friend during the party.
Ellos jugaron una broma inocente con su amigo durante la fiesta.
C2 adverb /ˌpɛlˈmɛl/

pell-mell

de manera desordenada
Meaning
In a confused, rushed, or disorderly manner.
Example
The children ran pell-mell through the playground.
Los niños corrieron de manera desordenada por el patio de recreo.
C2 noun /ˈpiːs ɡʊdz/

Piece-goods

tela por pieza
Meaning
textiles or fabrics sold by the yard or meter; cloth materials
Example
The tailor bought piece-goods from the wholesale market to make custom dresses.
El sastre compró tela por pieza del mercado mayorista para hacer vestidos a medida.
C2 noun /ˈplɛdʒiː/

pledgee

la persona a la que se le ha otorgado algo como garantía
Meaning
a person to whom something is pledged or given as security
Example
The bank is the pledgee of the collateral until the loan is repaid.
El banco es el beneficiario del colateral hasta que el préstamo se pague.
B2 noun /ˈpɪt.ʃər/

Pitcher

jarra, cántaro
Meaning
a large container with a handle and spout used for storing and pouring liquids
Example
The water pitcher on the table was filled with ice-cold lemonade.
La jarra de agua sobre la mesa estaba llena de limonada bien fría.
C2 noun ˌpɜː.tɪˈnæs.ɪ.ti

pertinacity

determinación firme y persistencia
Meaning
Firm determination and persistence in achieving something.
Example
His pertinacity in achieving his goals was inspiring.
Su pertinaz determinación en alcanzar sus metas fue inspiradora.
C1 verb /ˈpleɪdʒəraɪz/

plagiarize

plagiar
Meaning
to take someone else's work or ideas and present them as your own
Example
He was warned not to plagiarize his friend's essay.
Se le advirtió que no plagiara el ensayo de su amigo.
A2 noun /pərˈmɪʃən/

permission

permiso
Meaning
the action of allowing or granting consent
Example
You need permission to enter the restricted area.
Necesitas permiso para entrar en la zona restringida.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrsənɪdʒ/

personage

persona importante
Meaning
an important or famous person
Example
He is considered a great personage in the world of literature.
Se le considera una gran persona en el mundo de la literatura.
C1 noun /ˈprɒdɪdʒi/

prodigy

prodigio
Meaning
a person, especially a young one, with exceptional talents or abilities
Example
Mozart was a child prodigy in music.
Mozart fue un prodigio infantil en la música.
B2 verb /piːp/

peep

ojeada
Meaning
to look quickly or secretly; to make a short high sound
Example
The child tried to peep through the keyhole.
El niño intentó otear a través del agujero de la cerradura.
C1 noun /pərˈvɜr.sə.ti/

Perversity

perversidad; obstinación;
Meaning
deliberate determination to behave in an unreasonable or unacceptable way; the quality of being contrary or obstinate
Example
His perversity in refusing help frustrated everyone.
su perversidad al rechazar ayuda frustró a todos.
C2 noun /ˈpɒliˌkreɪsi/

polycracy

policracia
Meaning
rule by many; government by multiple authorities
Example
The nation experienced a polycracy after decentralization reforms.
La nación experimentó una policracia después de las reformas de descentralización.
C1 adjective /ˌpærəˈdɒksɪkəl/

paradoxical

paradójico
Meaning
Seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense, yet possibly true.
Example
It is paradoxical that standing is often more tiring than walking.
Es paradójico que estar de pie sea a menudo más cansado que caminar.
B2 noun /ˈpɒlən/

pollen

polen
Meaning
fine powder produced by flowers, used in fertilization
Example
Bees collect pollen from flowers to make honey.
Las abejas recogen polen de las flores para hacer miel.
A2 noun /fəˈtɒɡrəfi/

photography

fotografía
Meaning
the art or practice of taking and processing photographs
Example
She studied photography in college.
Ella estudió fotografía en la universidad.
B2 verb praɪˈɒraɪtaɪz

prioritize

priorizar
Meaning
To designate or treat something as more important than other things
Example
Prioritize your tasks to stay efficient.
Prioriza tus tareas para mantenerte eficiente.
C1 noun ˌprəʊ.baɪˈɒt.ɪk

probiotic

bacterias saludables
Meaning
Live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts.
Example
Yogurt is a natural source of probiotics that aid digestion.
El yogur es una fuente natural de probióticos que ayudan a la digestión.
B1 adverb /ˈfɪzɪkəli/

physically

físicamente
Meaning
in a physical manner; relating to the body
Example
She is physically strong and healthy.
Ella es físicamente fuerte y saludable.
A2 noun /ˈpɪərɪəd/

period

período
Meaning
a length or portion of time
Example
The meeting will last for a period of two hours.
La reunión durará un período de dos horas.
C2 noun /ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn/

perturbation

perturbación
Meaning
A state of anxiety, disturbance, or disorder.
Example
The announcement caused a perturbation in the financial markets.
El anuncio causó una perturbación en los mercados financieros.
C2 noun /ˈpɜr.kwɪ.zɪt/

Perquisite

prerrogativa
Meaning
an additional benefit or privilege given to an employee beyond their regular salary; a special right or advantage
Example
Company car was one of the perquisites of his executive position.
El coche de la empresa era una de las prerrogativas de su cargo ejecutivo.
A2 verb /pruːv/

prove

demostrar
Meaning
to show that something is true; to demonstrate
Example
The evidence will prove his innocence.
La evidencia demostrará su inocencia.
C1 adjective /ˌpæθəˈlɑːdʒɪkəl/

pathological

patológico, enfermizo
Meaning
Relating to disease; extreme or obsessive in a way that is abnormal.
Example
He has a pathological fear of failure.
Él tiene un miedo patológico al fracaso.
C1 adjective /ˈpoʊləraɪzd/

polarized

polarizado
Meaning
divided into two sharply contrasting groups or opinions
Example
The debate polarized the community on the issue of climate change.
El debate polarizó a la comunidad sobre el tema del cambio climático.
B2 adjective /pɪˈkjuː.li.ər/

Peculiar

peculiar; extraño; raro
Meaning
strange or odd; unusual; belonging exclusively to
Example
She has a peculiar way of speaking.
Ella tiene una forma peculiar de hablar.
C2 noun /ˈfeɪlæŋks/

phalanx

falange
Meaning
A group of people or things arranged in a compact, close formation; also an ancient Greek military formation.
Example
A phalanx of reporters waited outside the courthouse.
Un grupo de reporteros esperaba afuera del tribunal.
B2 verb /ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/

persevere

perseverar
Meaning
to continue trying to achieve something despite difficulty or delay
Example
He persevered through many failures before succeeding.
Él perseveró a través de muchos fracasos antes de tener éxito.
C2 adjective /prɪˈhɛnsaɪl/

prehensile

prensil
Meaning
adapted for seizing or grasping, especially by wrapping around an object
Example
The monkey used its prehensile tail to hang from the branch.
El mono usó su cola prensil para colgarse de la rama.
B2 noun /fɪˈlɒs.ə.fi/

philosophy

filosofía
Meaning
the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence
Example
Her philosophy emphasizes kindness and empathy.
Su filosofía enfatiza la amabilidad y la empatía.
C1 noun /ˈplɛθərə/

plethora

una abundancia excesiva
Meaning
an excessive amount of something
Example
She has a plethora of books on her shelf.
Ella tiene una abundancia excesiva de libros en su estante.
C1 adjective /ˈpɔɪ.njənt/

poignant

conmovedor, profundo
Meaning
evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret; deeply touching
Example
The movie's ending was so poignant that many in the audience were moved to tears.
El final de la película fue tan conmovedor que muchos en la audiencia se conmovieron hasta las lágrimas.
B2 noun pəˈluː.tənts

pollutants

contaminantes
Meaning
A substance that pollutes or contaminates the environment.
Example
Pollutants contribute to environmental degradation.
Los contaminantes contribuyen a la degradación ambiental.
C1 adjective /ˈpæl.ɪd/

Pallid

pálido, especialmente por mala salud; falta de sustancia o vitalidad
Meaning
pale, especially because of poor health; lacking substance or vitality
Example
His pallid complexion showed signs of illness.
Su rostro pálido mostraba signos de enfermedad.
C2 noun /fɪˈlɒl.ə.dʒɪst/

philologist

filólogo
Meaning
a person who studies languages and their history
Example
The philologist analyzed ancient texts to understand language evolution.
El filólogo analizó textos antiguos para comprender la evolución del lenguaje.
B1 adverb /ˈprɒpərli/

properly

correctamente
Meaning
in the correct or suitable manner
Example
He performed the task properly to avoid mistakes.
Él realizó la tarea correctamente para evitar errores.
C1 adjective /ˈpəʊtəbl/

potable

potable
Meaning
safe to drink; drinkable
Example
The villagers did not have access to potable water.
Los aldeanos no tenían acceso a agua potable.
B1 adjective /ˈprɛɡnənt/

pregnant

embarazada; significativa
Meaning
having a child developing in the womb; also, full of meaning or significance
Example
She announced that she was three months pregnant.
Ella anunció que estaba embarazada de tres meses.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛnsɪv/

pensive

pensativo/a
Meaning
Engaged in deep or serious thought.
Example
She looked pensive as she stared out of the window.
Ella parecía pensativa mientras miraba por la ventana.
C2 noun /ˈpɑr.bəl/

Parbal

calabaza puntiaguda
Meaning
A green vegetable also known as pointed gourd, commonly used in South Asian cuisine
Example
Mother prepared parbal curry with fish.
Madre preparó curry de calabaza puntiaguda con pescado.
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrtʃmənt/

parchment

pergamino
Meaning
a thin material made from animal skin, used in the past for writing
Example
The ancient manuscript was written on parchment.
El antiguo manuscrito fue escrito en pergamino.
B1 noun /ˈpʊl.oʊ.vər/

Pullover

suéter
Meaning
a knitted garment worn on the upper body, typically pulled on over the head
Example
She wore a warm pullover during the cold winter evening.
Ella usó un suéter cálido durante la fría noche de invierno.
A2 noun ˈpaʊ.ər

power

poder
Meaning
The ability or capacity to do something or act in a particular way; authority.
Example
Power distribution ensures efficiency.
La distribución de poder asegura eficiencia.
C2 noun /ˈpɛdəˌɡɒɡ/

pedagogue

maestro
Meaning
a teacher, especially a strict or formal one
Example
The old pedagogue insisted on discipline in the classroom.
El viejo maestro insistió en la disciplina en el aula.
B2 noun /ˈpred.ə.ses.ər/

Predecessor

predecesor
Meaning
a person who held a job or office before the current holder; something that came before another thing
Example
The new manager learned from his predecessor's mistakes.
El nuevo gerente aprendió de los errores de su predecesor.
B2 noun /ˈproʊtəˌtaɪp/

prototype

prototipo
Meaning
The first model or version of something, used as a sample for testing or improvement.
Example
The company built a prototype of the new smartphone before mass production.
La compañía construyó un prototipo del nuevo teléfono inteligente antes de la producción en masa.
B2 noun /ˈpɑː.tɪ.klz/

particles

partículas
Meaning
Minute portions of matter.
Example
PM2.5 particles harm respiratory health.
Las partículas PM2.5 dañan la salud respiratoria.
C1 noun /pəˈfjuː.mər.i/

perfumery

industria de perfumes
Meaning
the art, business, or products of making perfumes
Example
She works in a perfumery that creates luxury scents.
Ella trabaja en una perfumería que crea aromas de lujo.
B2 noun /ˈpesɪˌmɪzəm/

pessimism

pesimismo
Meaning
A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe the worst will happen.
Example
Her constant pessimism made it hard to stay optimistic.
Su constante pesimismo hacía difícil mantener una actitud optimista.
C1 noun /pæŋ/

pang

una sensación repentina de dolor o angustia emocional
Meaning
a sudden sharp feeling of pain or emotional distress
Example
She felt a pang of guilt after the argument.
Sintió un pang de culpa después de la discusión.
B2 adjective prɪˈlɪm.ɪ.nər.i

preliminary

preliminar
Meaning
Denoting an action or event preceding or done in preparation for something fuller or more important.
Example
Preliminary steps are crucial before the main project.
Los pasos preliminares son cruciales antes del proyecto principal.
B2 noun /ˈprɛdətər/

predator

depredador
Meaning
An animal that hunts and kills other animals for food.
Example
Lions are powerful predators in the savannah.
Los leones son depredadores poderosos en la sabana.
C2 noun /prɪˈfɜːrmənt/

preferment

ascenso
Meaning
promotion or advancement in rank, position, or office
Example
He hoped for preferment in the government office.
Él esperaba un ascenso en la oficina del gobierno.
C2 noun /ˈproʊbɪti/

probity

probidad
Meaning
The quality of having strong moral principles; honesty and decency.
Example
The judge was admired for his integrity and probity.
El juez fue admirado por su integridad y probidad.
C1 noun ˌpraɪɔːrɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən

prioritization

priorización
Meaning
The action or process of deciding the relative importance or urgency of things.
Example
Effective prioritization ensures resources are used efficiently.
Una priorización efectiva asegura que los recursos se utilicen de manera eficiente.
A1 noun /praɪs/

price

precio
Meaning
the amount of money expected, required, or given for something
Example
The price of the car has increased recently.
El precio del coche ha aumentado recientemente.
C1 adjective /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnʃəl/

preferential

preferencial
Meaning
showing or giving advantage to one over others
Example
Members receive preferential treatment at the club.
Los miembros reciben trato preferencial en el club.
C1 adjective /ˈpɔːltri/

paltry

insignificante, trivial
Meaning
small or meager; lacking in value or importance
Example
They offered him a paltry sum for his work.
Le ofrecieron una suma insignificante por su trabajo.
C1 adjective /ˈpaɪ.əs/

Pious

piadoso
Meaning
devoutly religious; showing reverence for God
Example
The pious monk spent hours in prayer every day.
El monje piadoso pasaba horas en oración cada día.
B1 noun /pruːf/

proof

prueba
Meaning
evidence or argument establishing a fact or the truth of a statement
Example
The detective presented proof of the suspect's guilt.
El detective presentó prueba de la culpabilidad del sospechoso.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛstɪlənt/

pestilent

pestilente
Meaning
Causing or tending to cause death or destruction; harmful or pernicious.
Example
The pestilent atmosphere of the swamp made people sick.
La atmósfera pestilente del pantano hizo que la gente se enfermara.
C2 adjective /ˈpaɪbɔːld/

piebald

de dos colores manchados
Meaning
having irregular patches of two colors, especially black and white
Example
The farmer owns a piebald horse with black and white spots.
El granjero tiene un caballo piebald con manchas negras y blancas.
C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.əs/

Piteous

lastimoso; compasivo
Meaning
deserving pity; arousing compassion
Example
The piteous cries of the injured animal moved everyone to tears.
Los lastimosos gritos del animal herido movieron a todos a lágrimas.
B1 noun /priːst/

priest

sacerdote
Meaning
a person who performs religious duties and ceremonies
Example
The priest blessed the congregation during the Sunday service.
El sacerdote bendijo a la congregación durante el servicio dominical.
C1 noun ˈpɑː.sɪŋ

parsing

análisis de la estructura de la oración
Meaning
The process of analyzing sentence structure to understand grammatical relationships.
Example
The AI model performs parsing to understand syntax.
El modelo de IA realiza el análisis de oraciones para entender la sintaxis.
C1 adjective /pəˈmɪs.ɪv/

permissive

permisivo
Meaning
Allowing or characterized by great or excessive freedom of behavior; very lenient or indulgent.
Example
Permissive parenting can sometimes lead to a lack of discipline in children.
La crianza permisiva a veces puede llevar a una falta de disciplina en los niños.
B2 verb /prɪˈzjuːm/

presume

suponer
Meaning
To suppose something is true without proof; to take for granted.
Example
I presume she has already left for the meeting.
Yo presumo que ella ya se ha ido a la reunión.
A2 noun /ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf/

photograph

fotografía
Meaning
a picture made using a camera
Example
She took a photograph of the sunset.
Ella tomó una fotografía del atardecer.
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈmer.ɪ.kən/

Pan-American

Panamericano
Meaning
relating to all the countries of North, Central, and South America
Example
The Pan-American Games bring together athletes from across the continent.
Los Juegos Panamericanos reúnen a atletas de todo el continente.
B2 noun fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nə

phenomena

fenómenos
Meaning
Facts or situations that are observed to exist or happen, especially ones whose cause or explanation is in question.
Example
Phenomena like floods disrupt agricultural systems.
Fenómenos como inundaciones alteran los sistemas agrícolas.
C1 noun /ˌprɒk.ləˈmeɪ.ʃən/

Proclamation

proclamacion
Meaning
an official public announcement, especially one made by someone in authority
Example
The king issued a proclamation declaring peace.
El rey emitio una proclamacion declarando la paz.
B1 noun /ˈpɛnəlti/

penalty

penalización
Meaning
A punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract.
Example
He had to pay a heavy penalty for breaking the traffic rules.
Tuvo que pagar una pesada penalización por romper las reglas de tráfico.
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪdəns/ or /prɪˈsiːdəns/

precedence

precedencia
Meaning
the condition of being considered more important than someone or something else; priority
Example
Safety takes precedence over speed in this factory.
En esta fábrica, la seguridad tiene prioridad sobre la velocidad.
B2 verb /plʌndʒ/

plunge

saltar o bucear rápidamente; caer bruscamente
Meaning
to jump or dive quickly; to fall sharply
Example
She plunged into the swimming pool.
Ella se zambulló en la piscina.
C1 noun /ˈsaɪkiː/

psyche

alma / mente
Meaning
the human soul, mind, or spirit
Example
The novel explores the depths of the human psyche.
La novela explora las profundidades de la psique humana.
C1 adjective /pəˈdæntɪk/

pedantic

excesivamente preocupado por los detalles menores o reglas
Meaning
Excessively concerned with minor details or rules; overly academic or bookish.
Example
Her pedantic explanations made the lecture dull.
Sus explicaciones pedantes hicieron que la conferencia fuera aburrida.
A2 adjective /ˈpiːs.fəl/

Peaceful

pacífico
Meaning
free from disturbance; calm and quiet; not involving war or violence
Example
The garden is a peaceful place to relax.
El jardín es un lugar pacífico para relajarse.
A1 adjective /pɪŋk/

Pink

rosado
Meaning
pale red color; slightly red
Example
She wore a beautiful pink dress to the party.
Ella llevaba un hermoso vestido rosado en la fiesta.
C1 verb /plɒd/

plod

trabajar lentamente y con esfuerzo
Meaning
to work slowly and steadily, often with effort or difficulty
Example
He plodded through his homework despite feeling tired.
Él hizo su tarea lentamente aunque se sentía cansado.
B2 verb /pəˈluːt/

pollute

contaminar
Meaning
to make air, water, or land dirty and harmful to people, animals, and plants
Example
Factories pollute the environment with toxic chemicals.
Las fábricas contaminan el medio ambiente con productos químicos tóxicos.
B2 verb prəˈlɔŋd

prolonged

prolongado
Meaning
Extended in duration; made to last longer than usual.
Example
Modern medicine has prolonged life expectancy.
La medicina moderna ha prolongado la esperanza de vida.
B1 noun /ˈpraɪ.və.si/

Privacy

privacidad
Meaning
the state of being alone and not watched or disturbed by other people; the right to keep your personal information secret
Example
Everyone has the right to privacy.
Todos tienen derecho a la privacidad.
C1 verb /pɑːrs/

parse

analizar gramaticalmente
Meaning
to analyze a sentence or text grammatically or logically
Example
The software can parse large amounts of text data efficiently.
El software puede analizar grandes cantidades de datos de texto de manera eficiente.
B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

preferencia
Meaning
a greater liking for one alternative over another or others
Example
She has a preference for classical music over pop music.
Ella tiene preferencia por la música clásica sobre la música pop.
B1 noun /ˈprɛzəns/

presence

presencia
Meaning
The fact or condition of being present; a person's impressive manner or appearance.
Example
His presence in the meeting made everyone feel at ease.
Su presencia en la reunión hizo que todos se sintieran a gusto.
C1 noun /ˈpædʒənt/

pageant

certamen de belleza
Meaning
A public entertainment consisting of a procession of people in elaborate costumes, or a beauty contest.
Example
She won first place in the beauty pageant.
Ella ganó el primer lugar en el certamen de belleza
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrdʒəri/

perjury

perjurio
Meaning
The offense of willfully telling an untruth in a court after taking an oath.
Example
She was convicted of perjury after giving false evidence.
Fue condenada por perjurio después de dar pruebas falsas.
B2 adjective /prɛsˈtɪdʒəs/

prestigious

prestigioso
Meaning
having a high reputation; respected
Example
Harvard University is one of the most prestigious universities in the world.
La Universidad de Harvard es una de las universidades más prestigiosas del mundo.
C1 noun /poʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

polarity

polaridad
Meaning
the state of having two opposite or contradictory tendencies, opinions, or aspects
Example
The polarity between the two political parties is growing stronger.
La polaridad entre los dos partidos políticos está creciendo.
C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

hacer pucheros
Meaning
to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness
Example
The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.
El niño empezó a hacer pucheros cuando no consiguió el juguete.
B2 adjective /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒd/

Privileged

privilegiado
Meaning
having special advantages; favored; elite
Example
She comes from a privileged background with many opportunities.
Ella proviene de un entorno privilegiado con muchas oportunidades.
B1 verb /peɪst/

paste

pegar
Meaning
to stick something onto a surface using glue or adhesive
Example
I paste the picture into my scrapbook.
Pego la foto en mi álbum de recortes.
C1 noun /ˈpræɡ.mə.tɪ.zəm/

pragmatism

pragmatismo
Meaning
A practical approach to problems and affairs; dealing with things sensibly and realistically.
Example
His pragmatism helped solve the financial crisis.
Su pragmatismo ayudó a resolver la crisis financiera.
C2 noun /pɪˈlɑːf/

Pillaw

pilav
Meaning
a dish of rice cooked in seasoned broth, often with meat and vegetables
Example
We enjoyed a delicious chicken pillaw for dinner.
Disfrutamos de un delicioso pilav de pollo para la cena.
C2 noun /prəˈtɛktərət/

protectorate

protectorado
Meaning
A state that is controlled and protected by another.
Example
The small country became a protectorate of the empire.
El pequeño país se convirtió en un protectorado del imperio.
C2 adverb /ˈprɒksɪmətli/

proximately

cerca
Meaning
In a near or close manner; nearly.
Example
The village lies proximately to the river.
El pueblo está cerca del río.
C2 noun /ˈpoʊ.ɪˌtæs.tər/

poetaster

un poeta inferior o trivial
Meaning
an inferior or trivial poet
Example
He was mocked as a poetaster by the literary critics.
Fue ridiculizado como un poetáster por los críticos literarios.
C1 noun /prəˈpɛlənt/

propellant

propelente
Meaning
A substance that drives or pushes something forward, especially fuel in rockets or engines.
Example
The rocket uses a liquid propellant to launch into space.
El cohete utiliza un propelente líquido para lanzarse al espacio.
C1 adjective /ˈplaɪənt/

pliant

flexible, fácilmente influenciable o adaptable
Meaning
flexible; easily influenced or adaptable
Example
She has a pliant personality that adapts well to new situations.
Ella tiene una personalidad flexible que se adapta bien a nuevas situaciones.
C1 verb /ˈpruːfˌriːd/

proofread

corregir
Meaning
to read written material and mark any errors
Example
She proofread the report before submission.
Ella corrigió el informe antes de la entrega.
C1 adjective /ˈper.ɪ.ləs/

perilous

peligroso, arriesgado, inseguro
Meaning
Full of danger or risk; hazardous and threatening.
Example
The explorers took a perilous journey.
Los exploradores hicieron un viaje peligroso.
C2 noun /pɜːrtʃt raɪs/

Perched rice

arroz inflado
Meaning
puffed rice; rice that has been heated and puffed into light, crispy grains
Example
I enjoy eating puffed rice as a healthy snack.
Disfruto comer arroz inflado como un bocadillo saludable.
B2 noun ˈpeɪtriəˌtɪzəm

patriotism

patriotismo
Meaning
The quality of being patriotic; devotion to and vigorous support for one's country.
Example
Victory Day reflects the patriotism of the entire nation.
El Día de la Victoria refleja el patriotismo de toda la nación.
C1 adjective /pərˈsɛptəbl̩/

perceptible

perceptible
Meaning
Able to be noticed or recognized by the senses or the mind.
Example
There was a perceptible change in the atmosphere.
Hubo un cambio perceptible en la atmósfera.
B2 noun, adjective /prɪˈmɪər/ or /ˈpriːmiər/

premier

primer ministro / principal
Meaning
the head of government in some countries; first in importance or rank
Example
The French premier addressed the nation.
El primer ministro francés dirigió al país.
C2 adjective /pəˈlɛmɪkəl/

polemical

polémico
Meaning
relating to or involving strongly critical or controversial writing or speech
Example
She wrote a polemical article challenging traditional beliefs.
Escribió un artículo polémico desafiando las creencias tradicionales.
C2 noun /ˈpoʊltɪs/

poultice

cataplasma caliente de hierbas
Meaning
a soft, moist mass of material applied to the body to relieve soreness and inflammation
Example
The nurse applied a warm poultice to his injured leg.
La enfermera aplicó un cataplasma caliente en su pierna lesionada.
C2 adjective /ˈprɛʃənt/ or /ˈpriːʃənt/

prescient

presciente
Meaning
having or showing knowledge of events before they take place
Example
The prescient investor sold his shares just before the market crashed.
El inversor presciente vendió sus acciones justo antes de que el mercado colapsara.
A1 verb /peɪ/

pay

pagar
Meaning
to give money in exchange for goods or services
Example
I need to pay my bills on time.
Necesito pagar mis facturas a tiempo.
A2 noun /ˈpæs.ən.dʒər/

Passenger

pasajero
Meaning
A person who travels in a vehicle but is not driving it
Example
The bus can carry thirty passengers.
El autobús puede llevar treinta pasajeros.
B1 verb /prəˈmoʊt/

promote

promover
Meaning
to help something develop or increase; to advance someone to a higher position
Example
The company promotes environmental awareness.
La empresa promueve la conciencia ambiental.
B1 noun /ˈproʊtiːn/

protein

proteína
Meaning
a molecule composed of amino acids essential for bodily functions
Example
Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues in the body.
Las proteínas son esenciales para construir y reparar los tejidos del cuerpo.
B1 noun pəˈfɔː.məns

performance

desempeño
Meaning
The action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.
Example
Performance improvements boost confidence.
Las mejoras en el rendimiento aumentan la confianza.