overgrazing
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C1 noun ˌoʊ.vɚˈɡreɪ.zɪŋ

overgrazing

sobrepastoreo
Meaning
The practice of allowing livestock to graze to the point of damaging vegetation.
Example
Overgrazing leads to soil erosion and loss of biodiversity.
El sobrepastoreo lleva a la erosión del suelo y la pérdida de biodiversidad.
C2 noun, adjective /nɒn ˈkɒmbətənt/

non-combatant

no combatiente
Meaning
a person not engaged in fighting during a war, such as civilians or medical staff
Example
The Red Cross workers were treated as non-combatants in the conflict.
Los trabajadores de la Cruz Roja fueron tratados como no combatientes en el conflicto.
C1 verb /rɪˈsɪprəˌkeɪt/

reciprocate

reciprocidad
Meaning
To respond to an action or gesture by making a corresponding one.
Example
She smiled at him, and he reciprocated with a warm hug.
Ella sonrió, y él reciprocó con un abrazo cálido.
C1 adjective /ˈhɔːltɪŋ/

halting

vacilante
Meaning
slow and hesitant, especially due to lack of confidence
Example
She gave a halting reply during the interview.
Ella dio una respuesta vacilante durante la entrevista.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkeɪnaɪn/

canine

relacionado con los perros / dientes caninos
Meaning
Relating to dogs; also refers to the pointed teeth in humans and animals
Example
The police trained a canine unit for search operations.
La policía entrenó una unidad canina para las operaciones de búsqueda.
A2 noun /ˈpʌp.i/

Puppy

cachorro
Meaning
a young dog
Example
The puppy wagged its tail when it saw its owner.
El cachorro movió su cola cuando vio a su dueño.
A2 adjective /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/

Foolish

tonto; estúpido; ridículo
Meaning
lacking good sense or judgment; unwise; silly
Example
It was foolish of him to drive in such heavy rain.
Fue tonto de su parte conducir con tanta lluvia.
B2 adjective /ˈdjʊərəbəl/

Durable

duradero; resistente; fuerte
Meaning
able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting; strong
Example
This durable fabric will last for many years.
Esta tela duradera durará muchos años.
B1 noun, verb /ˈkɒndʌkt/ (noun), /kənˈdʌkt/ (verb)

conduct

comportamiento / conducir
Meaning
to organize or carry out; or a person's behavior
Example
The teacher conducted the exam fairly.
La profesora condujo el examen de manera justa.
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːrpɪd/

torpid

lento
Meaning
Mentally or physically inactive; sluggish or lethargic.
Example
After the long hike, he felt torpid and unmotivated.
Después de la larga caminata, se sintió lento y desmotivado.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈbraɪdld/

unbridled

desenfrenado
Meaning
Uncontrolled and unrestrained.
Example
The protesters showed unbridled enthusiasm for change.
Los manifestantes mostraron entusiasmo desenfrenado por el cambio.
B1 adjective /ˈsɔːlti/

Salty

salado
Meaning
having the taste of salt; containing salt; tasting of seawater
Example
The salty ocean water made her thirsty.
El agua salada del océano la hizo tener sed.
A2 noun /ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi/

economy

economía
Meaning
The wealth and resources of a country or region.
Example
A stable economy is essential for national growth.
Una economía estable es esencial para el crecimiento nacional.
C1 noun ˈdɪk.ʃən

diction

pronunciación y elección de palabras
Meaning
The style of pronunciation and word choice in speaking or writing.
Example
A strong diction enhances communication skills.
Una dicción fuerte mejora las habilidades de comunicación.
B1 adjective /ˈsplendɪd/

Splendid

espléndido; magnífico; impresionante
Meaning
magnificent; excellent; very impressive
Example
The castle looked splendid in the sunset.
El castillo se veía espléndido en la puesta de sol.
C1 verb /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənəlaɪz/

institutionalize

institucionalizar
Meaning
to establish something as a formal institution, custom, or practice
Example
The government seeks to institutionalize environmental protection.
El gobierno busca institucionalizar la protección ambiental.
B1 noun /rɪˈtaɪə.mənt/

Retirement

jubilación
Meaning
the action or fact of leaving one's job and ceasing to work; the period of life after leaving work
Example
He is planning his retirement after 40 years of service.
Está planeando su jubilación después de 40 años de servicio.
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.flɪkt ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/

conflict resolution

resolución de conflictos
Meaning
The process of finding peaceful solutions to disputes or disagreements between parties.
Example
Conflict resolution is vital for global peace.
La resolución de conflictos es vital para la paz global.
A1 adjective /dʒʌst/

Just

justo; recto; apropiado
Meaning
fair; righteous; morally right; appropriate
Example
The judge made a just decision in the case.
El juez tomó una decisión justa en el caso.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈfɛnsɪv/

inoffensive

inoffensivo
Meaning
Not likely to offend or provoke; harmless.
Example
His inoffensive remarks kept the conversation friendly.
Sus comentarios inofensivos mantuvieron la conversación amigable.
B2 noun /ˈlaɪf.taɪm/

lifetime

vida / duración de la vida
Meaning
The duration of a person's life or the existence of something.
Example
She achieved more in her lifetime than most people dream of.
Ella logró más en su vida que la mayoría de las personas sueñan con lograr.
B1 verb /əˈsɪst/

assist

asistir
Meaning
to help or support someone in doing something
Example
The nurse will assist the doctor during the surgery.
La enfermera asistirá al doctor durante la cirugía.
C1 noun /ˈɛmbləm/

emblem

emblema
Meaning
A symbolic object, design, or figure representing an idea, group, or identity.
Example
The dove is an emblem of peace.
La paloma es un emblema de paz.
B1 noun /rɪˈleɪ.ʃən/

Relation

relación; vínculo
Meaning
the way in which two or more people or things are connected; a family member
Example
They have a strong business relation that has lasted for years.
Tienen una fuerte relación comercial que ha durado años.
C2 noun /kəmˈpleɪsəns/

complaisance

complacencia
Meaning
willingness to please others; courteous compliance
Example
Her complaisance made her popular among her colleagues.
Su complacencia la hizo popular entre sus compañeros de trabajo.
B2 noun /ˈmɛntɔːr/

mentor

mentor
Meaning
an experienced person who advises and guides someone less experienced
Example
She acted as a mentor for the new employees.
Ella actuó como mentora para los nuevos empleados.
C2 noun /sɪˈkwiːlə/

sequela

secuela
Meaning
A condition that is the consequence of a previous disease or injury.
Example
Lung scarring can be a sequela of severe pneumonia.
Las cicatrices en los pulmones pueden ser una secuela de una neumonía grave.
C1 noun /ɪˈvæp.ər.ə.tɪv ˈkuː.lər/

Evaporative cooler

enfriador por evaporación
Meaning
a cooling device that uses water evaporation to reduce air temperature
Example
The evaporative cooler works best in dry climates.
El enfriador por evaporación funciona mejor en climas secos.
A2 noun ˈpræktɪs

practice

práctica
Meaning
The actual application or use of an idea, belief, or method; repeated exercise in or performance of an activity or skill.
Example
Daily practice improves fluency.
La práctica diaria mejora la fluidez.
A1 pronoun /ʌs/

us

nosotros
Meaning
used to refer to the speaker and one or more other people as the object of a verb or preposition
Example
She gave us a gift.
Ella nos dio un regalo.
B2 noun /biːd/

Bead

piedra pequeña; cuenta
Meaning
a small round object with a hole through it for threading
Example
She made a necklace with colorful beads.
Ella hizo un collar con cuentas de colores.
C2 adjective /ˌiːvənˈhændɪd/

evenhanded

imparcial
Meaning
Fair and impartial; showing no bias or favoritism.
Example
The judge was praised for her evenhanded approach to the case.
El juez fue elogiado por su enfoque imparcial en el caso.
A2 noun /pæn/

Pan

sartén
Meaning
a wide, flat-bottomed cooking utensil used for frying, searing, and browning foods
Example
Heat the oil in a large pan before adding the vegetables.
Calienta el aceite en una sartén grande antes de añadir las verduras.
C2 verb /ˈfɒn.dəl/

fondle

acariciar
Meaning
To stroke or caress lovingly or gently.
Example
She fondled the kitten gently in her lap.
Ella acarició al gatito suavemente en su regazo.
C1 adjective, verb /ˈeɪlɪŋ/

ailing

enfermo
Meaning
suffering from illness or poor health; experiencing problems or decline
Example
The ailing patient slowly began to recover after treatment.
El paciente enfermo comenzó a recuperarse lentamente después del tratamiento.
B1 noun /rɪˈzɔː.sɪz/

resources

recursos
Meaning
A stock or supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets.
Example
The region was rich in herbal resources.
La región estaba rica en recursos herbales.
C1 noun /ˌmænɪˈfɛstoʊ/

manifesto

manifiesto
Meaning
a public declaration of policy and aims, especially by a political party
Example
The party released its manifesto before the election.
El partido publicó su manifiesto antes de las elecciones.
C1 noun /ɪmˈprɪzənmənt/

imprisonment

encarcelamiento
Meaning
the act of putting someone in prison; the state of being confined as punishment
Example
He faced imprisonment for violating the court order.
Se enfrentó al encarcelamiento por violar la orden judicial.
A1 noun, verb /ˈiː.meɪl/

e-mail

correo electrónico
Meaning
messages distributed by electronic means from one computer user to another
Example
I sent an e-mail to my professor yesterday.
Envié un correo electrónico a mi profesor ayer.
C2 adverb, noun /ˈwɛə.wɪð/

wherewith

medios
Meaning
With which; the means or resources needed for something.
Example
He lacked the money wherewith to buy a new house.
No tenía el dinero con el cual comprar una casa nueva.
B2 verb /pəˈtroʊl/

patrol

patrullar
Meaning
to move around an area to watch or guard it
Example
The police patrol the streets at night to ensure safety.
La policía patrulla las calles por la noche para garantizar la seguridad.
C2 verb /baɪd/

bide

esperar
Meaning
to wait patiently for the right time or opportunity
Example
He decided to bide his time before making a move.
Decidió esperar su tiempo antes de hacer un movimiento.
B2 adjective + noun kriˈeɪtɪv ɪɡˈzɪbɪts

creative exhibits

exhibiciones creativas
Meaning
Artistic displays or presentations that show originality and imagination.
Example
The creative exhibits highlighted recycling possibilities.
Las exhibiciones creativas destacaron las posibilidades de reciclaje.
B2 noun /ˈproʊtəkɔːl/

protocol

protocolo
Meaning
an official procedure or system of rules
Example
The security team followed strict protocol during the event.
El equipo de seguridad siguió un estricto protocolo durante el evento.
A1 noun /fəʊn/

phone

teléfono
Meaning
a device for communication, typically used to make calls or send messages
Example
I need to charge my phone.
Necesito cargar mi teléfono.
C1 adjective /pəˈfʌŋk.tər.i/

perfunctory

superficial
Meaning
done without much effort, interest, or thought
Example
He gave a perfunctory nod and walked away.
Él hizo un gesto superficial y se alejó.
B1 noun /ˈsʌb.mə.riːn/

Sub-marine

submarino
Meaning
a warship with a streamlined hull designed to operate completely submerged in the sea
Example
The submarine dived deep into the ocean to avoid detection.
El submarino se sumergió profundamente en el océano para evitar ser detectado.
B2 verb /əbˈteɪn/

obtain

obtener
Meaning
to get or acquire something
Example
You need to obtain a visa before traveling abroad.
Necesitas obtener una visa antes de viajar al extranjero.
B1 adverb /ˈwaɪdli/

widely

ampliamente
Meaning
to a great extent or degree
Example
The news of his promotion spread widely across the company.
La noticia de su ascenso se extendió ampliamente por la empresa.
C1 noun /ˈkriː.dəns/

credence

creencia, aceptación
Meaning
belief in or acceptance of something as true
Example
The witness gave credence to the defendant's alibi.
El testigo dio credibilidad a la coartada del acusado.
C2 noun /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪk/

dialectic

dialéctica
Meaning
A method of argument or reasoning by dialogue, especially as a means of investigating truth.
Example
The philosopher used dialectic to challenge his students' assumptions.
El filósofo usó la dialéctica para desafiar las suposiciones de sus estudiantes.
B1 noun /ˈlʌk.ʃər.i/

Luxury

lujo
Meaning
the state of great comfort and extravagant living; an inessential, desirable item that is expensive or difficult to obtain
Example
They enjoyed the luxury of a five-star hotel.
Disfrutaron del lujo de un hotel de cinco estrellas.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒiːniəl/

congenial

amistoso
Meaning
pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities
Example
They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk.
Encontraron el café un lugar amistoso para reunirse y charlar.
B2 noun /ɪˈsteɪt/

estate

felicidad
Meaning
A large area of land, property, or possessions owned by someone, often including a big house.
Example
The family owned a large estate in the countryside.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun ˈdaɪ.nə.sti

dynasty

dinastía
Meaning
A line of hereditary rulers of a country; a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field.
Example
The Ming dynasty ruled China for centuries.
La dinastía Ming gobernó China durante siglos.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.hɑːrˈmɒn.ɪk/

philharmonic

relacionado con una orquesta sinfónica
Meaning
relating to a symphony orchestra or its music
Example
The philharmonic orchestra performed a stunning rendition of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony.
La orquesta filarmónica realizó una impresionante interpretación de la Novena Sinfonía de Beethoven.
C2 noun /ˌrɛprəˈbeɪʃən/

reprobation

reprobación
Meaning
Strong disapproval or condemnation; rejection by God as beyond salvation.
Example
The teacher’s face showed clear reprobation at the student’s rude remark.
El rostro del profesor mostró una clara reprobación ante el comentario grosero del estudiante.
A1 modal verb /kʊd/

could

podía
Meaning
Used to indicate possibility, ability, or permission in the past or as a polite suggestion.
Example
He could swim when he was a child.
Él podía nadar cuando era niño.
A2 adjective /kjuːt/

cute

lindo
Meaning
attractive in a pretty or endearing way
Example
That puppy is so cute!
¡Ese cachorro es tan lindo!
C1 verb /əˈmæs/

amass

acumular
Meaning
to gather together or accumulate over a period of time
Example
He managed to amass a fortune through wise investments.
Logró acumular una fortuna a través de inversiones sabias.
A2 verb /rɪˈpiːt/

repeat

repetir
Meaning
to say or do something again
Example
Could you please repeat what you just said?
¿Puedes repetir lo que acabas de decir?
B1 noun ˈproʊtest

protest

protesta
Meaning
A statement or action expressing disapproval of or objection to something.
Example
Students organized a protest.
Los estudiantes organizaron una protesta.
C2 noun /ˌbɒmbərˈdɪər/

bombardier

bombardero
Meaning
a member of a bomber crew responsible for releasing bombs
Example
The bombardier released the bombs with precision.
El bombardero soltó las bombas con precisión.
B2 noun /ˈsɛsəmi sidz/

Sesame Seeds

semillas de sésamo
Meaning
small edible seeds from the sesame plant used in cooking and baking
Example
Sprinkle sesame seeds on top of the bread before baking.
Espolvorea semillas de sésamo sobre el pan antes de hornear.
C1 noun /stɪnt/

stint

trabajo temporal
Meaning
a period of time spent doing a particular job or activity
Example
She did a short stint as a teacher before moving abroad.
Ella hizo un corto trabajo como profesora antes de mudarse al extranjero.
C1 verb /əˈlʊər/

allure

atraer
Meaning
to attract or tempt someone with something desirable; to entice
Example
The beautiful garden allured visitors from far away.
El hermoso jardín atrajo a los visitantes desde lejos.
C1 noun /əˈsɛsər/

assessor

evaluador
Meaning
a person who evaluates or estimates the nature, ability, or quality of something
Example
An external assessor reviewed the project report.
Un evaluador externo revisó el informe del proyecto.
B2 adjective /ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ/

devastating

devastador
Meaning
causing severe shock, distress, or destruction; extremely damaging or upsetting
Example
The earthquake had a devastating effect on the city.
El terremoto tuvo un efecto devastador en la ciudad.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒn.keɪv/

concave

cóncavo
Meaning
curved inward like the inside of a bowl
Example
The mirror had a concave surface that magnified her reflection.
El espejo tenía una superficie cóncava que magnificaba su reflejo.
B2 noun /ˌdʒen.əˈrɒs.ə.ti/

Generosity

generosidad
Meaning
the quality of being kind and generous; willingness to give money, help, kindness freely
Example
The billionaire's generosity was evident in his numerous charitable donations to hospitals.
La generosidad del multimillonario fue evidente en sus numerosas donaciones caritativas a los hospitales.
B2 verb /əˈraɪz/

arise

surgir
Meaning
to begin to exist or to happen
Example
Problems may arise if you don't plan ahead.
Pueden surgir problemas si no planeas con anticipación.
C2 adjective /əbˈsiːkwɪəs/

obsequious

servil
Meaning
Excessively obedient or attentive in a servile way.
Example
The waiter gave an obsequious bow to every customer.
El camarero hizo una reverencia servil a cada cliente.
B2 noun ˈpɛstɪˌsaɪd

pesticide

pesticida
Meaning
A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.
Example
The pesticide sprayed in the field killed the harmful insects.
El pesticida rociado en el campo mató a los insectos dañinos.
B2 noun /ˈbɒtəni/

botany

botánica
Meaning
the scientific study of plants
Example
She is studying botany at the university.
Ella está estudiando botánica en la universidad.
B1 noun /poʊl/

pole

poste
Meaning
a long, slender, vertical object or structure, typically made of wood, metal, or another material
Example
They placed the flag on top of the pole.
Colocaron la bandera en la parte superior del poste.
C1 noun /ˈleɪ.mən/

Layman

persona común; persona sin conocimientos profesionales
Meaning
a person without professional or specialized knowledge in a particular subject
Example
The doctor explained the procedure in layman's terms.
El doctor explicó el procedimiento en términos sencillos.
B2 noun /ˈsɪmpəθi/

Sympathy

simpatía
Meaning
feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune
Example
She expressed her sympathy for the victims of the accident.
Ella expresó su simpatía por las víctimas del accidente.
C2 noun /ˈæk.rɪ.moʊ.ni/

acrimony

acrimonía
Meaning
Bitterness and anger, especially in speech or behavior.
Example
The divorce was filled with acrimony and disputes.
El divorcio estuvo lleno de acrimonía y disputas.
A1 noun /fʌn/

fun

diversión
Meaning
enjoyment, amusement, or light-hearted pleasure
Example
We had a lot of fun at the party.
Nos divertimos mucho en la fiesta.
C1 noun /daɪˈsɛkʃən/

dissection

disección
Meaning
the act of cutting apart or analyzing something in detail, especially a body or structure
Example
The dissection of the specimen revealed important details about its structure.
La disección del espécimen reveló detalles importantes sobre su estructura.
B2 noun /ˈwaɪnəri/

winery

bodega
Meaning
a place where wine is made
Example
They visited a famous winery in France.
Ellos visitaron una famosa bodega en Francia.
C2 verb /ˈtʃeɪ.sən/

chasten

castigar / someter
Meaning
to correct or discipline; to humble or subdue
Example
The coach chastened the team after their poor performance.
El entrenador castigó al equipo después de su pobre desempeño.
C2 noun /ˈbræɡərt/

braggart

fanfarrón
Meaning
a person who boasts about achievements or possessions
Example
No one liked him because he was such a braggart.
Nadie lo quería porque era un fanfarrón.
B2 noun /biːm/

beam

rayo / viga
Meaning
a ray or shaft of light; a long piece of wood or metal used to support weight
Example
A beam of sunlight entered through the window.
Un rayo de luz entró por la ventana.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnfəˈlɪsɪtəs/

infelicitous

inadecuado
Meaning
not suitable or well chosen; awkward or unfortunate
Example
His infelicitous remark ruined the atmosphere of the meeting.
Su comentario inadecuado arruinó el ambiente de la reunión.
A1 noun /ˈbɑːθruːm/

bathroom

cuarto de baño
Meaning
a room containing a toilet and usually a sink or shower
Example
The bathroom is on the second floor.
El cuarto de baño está en el segundo piso.
C2 noun /ˈpɒlɪti/

polity

política, sistema de gobierno
Meaning
an organized society or form of government
Example
The ancient Greek polity had a system of city-states.
La antigua política griega tenía un sistema de ciudades-estado.
C1 verb /ˈbʌŋɡəl/

bungle

estropear
Meaning
To carry out a task clumsily or incompetently.
Example
He bungled the presentation and confused the audience.
Él estropeó la presentación y confundió a la audiencia.
B2 noun /prɪˈtens/

Pretence

pretensión
Meaning
an attempt to make something that is not the case appear true
Example
He made no pretence of being interested in the conversation.
Él no hizo ninguna pretensión de estar interesado en la conversación.
B2 noun /əˈdɪkʃən/

addiction

adicción
Meaning
A strong and harmful need to regularly have or do something, such as drugs, alcohol, or habits.
Example
His addiction to video games affected his studies.
Su adicción a los videojuegos afectó sus estudios.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːr.teɪ/ or /fɔːrt/

forte

fortaleza
Meaning
a strong ability or talent; something one does particularly well
Example
Cooking is definitely her forte.
Cocinar es definitivamente su fortaleza.
B1 adjective, verb /əˈproʊpriət/ (adj), /əˈproʊprieɪt/ (verb)

appropriate

apropiado / apropiarse de
Meaning
suitable or proper in the circumstances (adj); to take something for one’s own use, often without permission (verb)
Example
Wearing formal clothes was appropriate for the ceremony.
Usar ropa formal fue apropiado para la ceremonia.
B1 noun /ˈhæŋ.kər.tʃɪf/

Handkerchief

pañuelo
Meaning
a small piece of cloth used for wiping the nose or face
Example
She always carries a clean handkerchief in her purse.
Ella siempre lleva un pañuelo limpio en su bolso.
B1 noun /ˈsoʊ.lər ˌsɪs.təm/

Solar system

sistema solar
Meaning
the sun and all the planets, moons, asteroids and other objects that orbit around it
Example
Our solar system has eight planets orbiting the sun.
Nuestro sistema solar tiene ocho planetas orbitando alrededor del sol.
C2 noun /ˈɡʌl.i/

gully

grieta, arroyo
Meaning
A narrow channel or ravine worn away by water.
Example
After the storm, the road was cut by a deep gully.
Después de la tormenta, el camino fue cortado por una profunda grieta.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪəbəl/

unemployable

desempleable
Meaning
Not able to be employed; lacking the skills or qualities necessary for employment
Example
Due to his criminal record, he was considered unemployable in most companies.
Debido a su historial criminal, fue considerado desempleable en la mayoría de las empresas.
C1 noun ˌdɪs.æmˌbɪɡ.juˈeɪ.ʃən

disambiguation

desambiguación
Meaning
The removal of ambiguity by making something clear and unambiguous.
Example
The AI system applies disambiguation to refine text understanding.
El sistema de IA aplica la disambiguación para refinar la comprensión del texto.
C1 noun, verb /ˌprɒməˈneɪd/

promenade

paseo
Meaning
A leisurely walk or stroll, especially in a public place for pleasure or display.
Example
They went for a promenade along the seaside.
Fueron a un paseo por la costa.
B1 verb /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

regard

considerar
Meaning
to consider or think of in a particular way; to look at
Example
She regards him as her best friend.
Ella lo considera su mejor amigo.
A2 verb /reɪz/

raise

levantar / aumentar
Meaning
To lift or move something to a higher position; to increase; to bring up.
Example
She raised her hand to ask a question.
Ella levantó su mano para hacer una pregunta.
B2 noun ˈiːkoʊˌtʊrɪzəm

Eco-tourism

eco-turismo
Meaning
A form of tourism involving responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people.
Example
Eco-tourism promotes responsible travel to natural areas.
El eco-turismo promueve viajes responsables a áreas naturales.
C2 noun /ˌdɪsrɪˈpjuːt/

disrepute

desprestigio
Meaning
the state of being held in low esteem or having a bad reputation
Example
The scandal brought the politician into disrepute.
El escándalo llevó al político al desprestigio.
C1 noun /ˈspɪnstər/

spinster

soltera
Meaning
An unmarried woman, often one who is older and considered unlikely to marry
Example
The novel featured a kind-hearted spinster who cared for the village children.
La novela presentó a una soltera de buen corazón que cuidaba a los niños del pueblo.
B2 noun /ˌɛksɪˈkjuːʃən/

execution

ejecución, implementación
Meaning
the act of carrying out a plan, order, or legal sentence
Example
The success of a project depends on its proper execution.
El éxito de un proyecto depende de su correcta ejecución.
A2 noun /ˈkʌm.pə.ni/

company

empresa
Meaning
a business organization; the presence of other people
Example
She started her own company to sell handmade products.
Ella comenzó su propia empresa para vender productos hechos a mano.
B1 adjective /rɪˈmɑːrkəbl/

Remarkable

notable; extraordinario; digno de atención;
Meaning
worthy of attention; extraordinary; notable;
Example
His recovery from the illness was remarkable.
Su recuperación de la enfermedad fue notable.
B2 adjective /ˈnjuː.mər.əs/

Numerous

numeroso; muchos; abundante
Meaning
existing in large numbers; many; abundant
Example
There are numerous benefits to exercising regularly.
Hay numerosos beneficios en hacer ejercicio regularmente.
B2 noun /blæk sneɪk/

Black Snake

serpiente negra
Meaning
a snake with dark or black colored skin
Example
The black snake slithered through the grass.
La serpiente negra se deslizó a través de la hierba.
B1 noun /ˈspeʃəlɪst/

Specialist

especialista
Meaning
a person who has specialized knowledge or training in a particular area; an expert
Example
She consulted a heart specialist about her condition.
Ella consultó a un especialista en corazón sobre su condición.
C1 noun ˈvɜːmɪn

vermin

animales o insectos pequeños y dañinos que son difíciles de controlar y transmiten enfermedades
Meaning
Small harmful animals or insects that are difficult to control and carry disease.
Example
The house was infested with vermin, requiring immediate action.
La casa estaba infestada de verman, requiriendo acción inmediata.
C2 adjective /ˈɡluː.tɪ.nəs/

glutinous

pegajoso
Meaning
Having a sticky or glue-like texture.
Example
The glutinous rice stuck together in the pot.
El arroz pegajoso se pegó en la olla.
B1 adjective /ˈkɔːʃəs/

cautious

cauteloso
Meaning
careful to avoid potential problems or dangers
Example
She was cautious about trusting strangers.
Ella era cautelosa al confiar en extraños.
C1 noun /ˈmɪm.ɪk/

Mimic

imitador; imitar;
Meaning
A person who copies or imitates the actions, speech, or mannerisms of others
Example
The talented mimic could perfectly imitate famous celebrities.
El talentoso imitador pudo imitar perfectamente a las celebridades famosas.
C2 noun /ˌpraɪmoʊˈdʒɛnɪtʃər/

primogeniture

primogenitura
Meaning
The right of the firstborn child to inherit the family estate or title.
Example
Under primogeniture, the eldest son inherited the entire estate.
Bajo la primogenitura, el hijo mayor heredó toda la propiedad.
C2 adjective /pəˈnjʊəriəs/

penurious

extremadamente pobre
Meaning
extremely poor; poverty-stricken; miserly
Example
The penurious family struggled to buy food.
La familia extremadamente pobre luchaba por comprar comida.
A1 adverb /ˈver.i/

Very

muy; extremadamente; altamente
Meaning
to a high degree; extremely; greatly
Example
She is very intelligent and works very hard.
Ella es muy inteligente y trabaja muy duro.
C1 noun /ˈɪŋklɪŋ/

inkling

presentimiento
Meaning
A slight idea, hint, or suspicion about something.
Example
She had an inkling that he was planning a surprise.
Ella tenía una ligera sospecha de que él estaba planeando una sorpresa.
C1 noun /ˈfoʊliɪdʒ/

foliage

follaje
Meaning
The leaves of a plant, collectively.
Example
The autumn foliage looked stunning in the park.
El follaje de otoño se veía impresionante en el parque.
B2 verb /ˈkɒm.plɪ.keɪt/

complicate

complicar
Meaning
To make something more difficult or confusing.
Example
The new rules will only complicate the process.
Las nuevas reglas solo complicarán el proceso.
B2 verb /kəˈlæps/

collapse

colapsar
Meaning
to fall down or inward suddenly; to break down completely
Example
The old building collapsed after the earthquake.
El viejo edificio colapsó después del terremoto.
A1 article /ðə/

the

el/la/los/las
Meaning
used to specify a noun as something already mentioned or known
Example
The sun rises in the east.
El sol sale por el este.