loathe
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C1 verb /loʊð/

loathe

detestar
Meaning
to feel intense dislike or disgust for
Example
He absolutely loathes being late to meetings.
Él odia llegar tarde a las reuniones.
A2 adverb /kwaɪt/

Quite

bastante; bastante; completamente
Meaning
to a considerable extent; fairly; rather; completely
Example
The movie was quite interesting.
La película fue bastante interesante.
C2 noun /ɪkˈsɪʒən/

excision

excisón
Meaning
the act of cutting something out, especially by surgical removal
Example
The excision of the infected tissue prevented further complications.
La excisión del tejido infectado previno complicaciones adicionales.
C2 noun /ˈiːsθiːt/ or /ˈɛsθiːt/

aesthete

esteta
Meaning
A person who has a special appreciation of art and beauty.
Example
The aesthete admired the subtle details of the painting.
El esteta admiraba los detalles sutiles de la pintura.
B2 interjection /ˈbrɑː.voʊ/

bravo

bravo
Meaning
used to express approval, admiration, or praise
Example
The audience shouted 'Bravo!' after the stunning performance.
La audiencia gritó '¡Bravo!' después de la impresionante actuación.
B2 noun ɪˈlɪtərəsi

illiteracy

analfabetismo
Meaning
The inability to read and write; lack of education or knowledge in a particular area.
Example
Illiteracy often leads to poverty and unemployment.
El analfabetismo a menudo conduce a la pobreza y el desempleo.
B2 noun, adjective /prɪˈmɪər/ or /ˈpriːmiər/

premier

primer ministro / principal
Meaning
the head of government in some countries; first in importance or rank
Example
The French premier addressed the nation.
El primer ministro francés dirigió al país.
A2 verb /kræʃ/

crash

felicidad
Meaning
To collide violently; to suddenly stop working (for machines or computers).
Example
The car crashed into the wall at high speed.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpjuː.t̬ɪd/

Reputed

reputado; famoso
Meaning
generally said or believed to be; having a particular reputation
Example
He is reputed to be one of the best doctors in the country.
Se le considera uno de los mejores médicos del país.
C1 noun /ˈpəʊstˌskrɪpt/

postscript

posdata
Meaning
an additional remark at the end of a letter or text, after the signature
Example
She added a brief postscript to thank him again.
Ella añadió una breve posdata para darle las gracias nuevamente.
C2 adjective /ˈdaʊti/

doughty

valiente
Meaning
brave, valiant, courageous
Example
The doughty soldier never backed down from a challenge.
El valiente soldado nunca se echó atrás ante un desafío.
B2 verb /ˈkɑːŋkər/

conquer

conquistar
Meaning
to overcome and take control of; to defeat in war; to master or overcome
Example
The army managed to conquer the enemy territory.
El ejército logró conquistar el territorio enemigo.
C1 noun /ˈsɪməli/

simile

símil
Meaning
A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another using 'like' or 'as'.
Example
She used a simile to describe her eyes as bright as stars.
Ella usó un símil para describir sus ojos tan brillantes como las estrellas.
C2 noun /ˈsɒfɪstri/

sophistry

sofistería
Meaning
the use of clever but false arguments, often to deceive
Example
The politician's speech was full of sophistry.
El discurso del político estaba lleno de sofistería.
C1 adjective /ˈlɔːf.ti/

Lofty

alto; noble en carácter; elevado en estilo
Meaning
of great height; noble in character; elevated in style
Example
He has lofty ideals about making the world a better place.
Él tiene ideales elevados sobre hacer del mundo un lugar mejor.
C1 verb pɚˈpɛtʃ.u.eɪt

perpetuate

mantener algo en funcionamiento continuo o mantenerlo durante mucho tiempo
Meaning
To keep something continuously running or maintain it for a long time.
Example
The media can sometimes perpetuate harmful stereotypes.
Los medios a veces pueden perpetuar estereotipos dañinos.
C1 noun /daɪˈvɜː.dʒəns/

divergence

divergencia
Meaning
The process or state of diverging; a difference or deviation between two or more things.
Example
The divergence in their opinions led to a heated debate.
La divergencia en sus opiniones llevó a un debate acalorado.
C1 noun/verb /ɪˈstiːm/

esteem

estima
Meaning
Respect and admiration, typically for a person.
Example
She is held in high esteem by her colleagues.
Ella es muy respetada por sus colegas.
B1 noun /treɪl/

trail

sendero
Meaning
a path or track left by something that has passed
Example
The hikers followed the trail through the forest.
Los excursionistas siguieron el sendero a través del bosque.
B1 noun /ˈleɪ.bər/

Labour

trabajo físico o mental
Meaning
work involving physical or mental effort; workers as a group
Example
The construction required months of hard labour to complete.
La construcción requirió meses de duro trabajo para completarse.
C1 adjective /ˈdʒiː.ni.əl/

genial

amable
Meaning
friendly, cheerful, and pleasant
Example
She greeted us with a genial smile.
Ella nos saludó con una sonrisa amable.
C2 noun /ˌdɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/

dissipation

desperdicio
Meaning
the process of disappearing or wasting; excessive indulgence in pleasure
Example
The dissipation of his fortune left him in poverty.
El desperdicio de su fortuna lo dejó en la pobreza.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfʌŋkt/

defunct

fuera de servicio, desaparecido
Meaning
No longer existing, operating, or functioning.
Example
The company became defunct after the financial crisis.
La empresa se volvió defunta después de la crisis financiera.
A1 verb /drɪŋk/

drink

beber
Meaning
to take liquid into the mouth and swallow it
Example
I drink water every morning.
Yo bebo agua todas las mañanas.
C1 verb /sʌlk/

sulk

estar enojado
Meaning
to be silent and bad-tempered because you are angry or disappointed
Example
She sulked in her room after the argument.
Ella se enojó en su habitación después de la discusión.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈrɛɡnəm/

interregnum

interregno
Meaning
A period between rulers or governments when normal leadership is suspended.
Example
The country faced instability during the interregnum after the king’s death.
El país enfrentó inestabilidad durante el interregno después de la muerte del rey.
B2 noun /ˈɡeɪt.weɪ/

Gateway

puerta de entrada; umbral
Meaning
an entrance or opening that provides access to a place; a means of achieving a particular state or condition
Example
The ancient stone gateway served as the entrance to the magnificent palace.
La antigua puerta de piedra sirvió como la entrada al magnífico palacio.
C1 verb /əˈbriːvieɪt/

abbreviate

abreviar
Meaning
To shorten a word, phrase, or text by leaving out letters or parts.
Example
We often abbreviate 'Doctor' to 'Dr'.
A menudo abreviamos 'Doctor' a 'Dr'.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrpətreɪt/

perpetrate

cometer
Meaning
To commit or carry out, typically a harmful, illegal, or immoral act.
Example
The hackers perpetrated a massive cyber attack on the company.
Los hackers perpetraron un gran ataque cibernético a la empresa.
C2 noun /ˈhʌstɪŋz/

hustings

campaña electoral
Meaning
the political campaigning and speeches before an election
Example
The candidate gained popularity during the hustings.
El candidato ganó popularidad durante la campaña electoral.
B2 noun ˈɡeɪm.pleɪ

gameplay

jugabilidad
Meaning
The tactical aspects of a game, such as its plot and the way it is played.
Example
The team's gameplay was innovative.
La jugabilidad del equipo fue innovadora.
C2 verb /bɪˈhuːv/

behoove

ser necesario o apropiado para alguien hacer algo
Meaning
to be necessary, proper, or appropriate for someone to do
Example
It would behoove you to study before the exam.
Sería conveniente que estudiaras antes del examen.
B2 adjective /ˈvaɪəbəl/

viable

viable, factible
Meaning
Capable of working successfully; feasible.
Example
A viable solution is necessary for long-term success.
Una solución viable es necesaria para el éxito a largo plazo.
C2 noun /ˌbenɪˈdɪkʃən/

Benediction

bendición
Meaning
a blessing, especially a ceremonial one; an expression of good wishes
Example
The priest gave his benediction to the newlyweds.
El sacerdote dio su bendición a los recién casados.
C1 adjective /ˈdraʊ.zi/

Drowsy

somnoliento; adormilado; cansado
Meaning
feeling sleepy and lethargic; half asleep; tired
Example
I felt drowsy after the heavy meal.
Me sentí somnoliento después de la comida pesada.
C1 noun /ˌdɪsbɪˈliːvər/

disbeliever

incrédulo
Meaning
a person who does not believe in something, especially a religion or idea
Example
He was called a disbeliever for rejecting the traditional faith.
Lo llamaron incrédulo por rechazar la fe tradicional.
C1 noun /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃən/

inclination

inclinación
Meaning
A natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way.
Example
She has an inclination towards helping others.
Ella tiene una inclinación hacia ayudar a los demás.
C2 noun /pəˈruːzl/

perusal

lectura cuidadosa
Meaning
The action of reading or examining something carefully.
Example
The contract was given to the lawyer for perusal.
El contrato fue dado al abogado para su lectura cuidadosa.
B2 verb /sweɪ/

sway

mecer
Meaning
To move or cause to move slowly or rhythmically back and forth; to influence someone's opinion or decision.
Example
The trees swayed gently in the breeze.
Los árboles se mecían suavemente en la brisa.
C1 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.kə.si/

Delicacy

delicadeza; un alimento delicado o costoso;
Meaning
fineness of texture or structure; a choice or expensive food; sensitivity in handling
Example
The chef prepared a local delicacy that was famous throughout the region.
El chef preparó una delicadeza local que era famosa en toda la región.
B2 noun/verb /ræft/

raft

balsa
Meaning
A flat structure made of logs or planks tied together, used as a boat or floating platform; to travel or transport on such a structure.
Example
They built a raft to cross the river.
Ellos construyeron una balsa para cruzar el río.
C1 adjective /ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtuːɪtɪv/

counterintuitive

contradictorio
Meaning
contrary to what one would intuitively expect
Example
His approach seems counterintuitive but it actually works.
Su enfoque parece contradictorio, pero en realidad funciona.
B2 noun /ˈɒpəreɪtər/

operator

operador
Meaning
a person who operates equipment, a business, or controls something
Example
The machine operator ensured that everything ran smoothly.
El operador de la máquina se aseguró de que todo funcionara sin problemas.
C2 adjective /ˌlɛvəlˈhɛdɪd/

levelheaded

calmado y sensato
Meaning
calm and sensible; showing good judgment.
Example
She remained levelheaded during the crisis.
Ella permaneció calmada durante la crisis.
C1 noun /jɛn/

yen

deseo
Meaning
A deep, strong desire or craving.
Example
She felt a strong yen to travel the world.
Sintió un fuerte deseo de viajar por el mundo.
A2 noun /ˈkælɪndər/

calendar

calendario
Meaning
a system for organizing days, months, and years; a chart showing days of the year
Example
She marked her birthday on the calendar.
Ella marcó su cumpleaños en el calendario.
C1 adjective ˌkɒn.ʃiˈen.ʃəs

conscientious

consciente
Meaning
Wishing to do what is right, especially to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly.
Example
A conscientious worker always delivers high-quality results.
Un trabajador consciente siempre entrega resultados de alta calidad.
A2 adjective, noun /ˈkloʊsər/

closer

más cerca, finalizador
Meaning
more near in distance or relationship; someone or something that concludes an activity
Example
She moved closer to the window.
Ella se acercó más a la ventana.
C2 adjective /bjuːˈkɒlɪk/

bucolic

bucólico
Meaning
Relating to the pleasant aspects of the countryside and country life.
Example
They enjoyed a bucolic picnic by the river.
Ellos disfrutaron de un picnic bucólico junto al río.
C2 noun /ˌɪn.ʌnˈdeɪ.ʃən/

inundation

inundación
Meaning
The act of flooding or overwhelming with water or things.
Example
The town suffered from a severe inundation after the heavy rains.
La ciudad sufrió una grave inundación después de las fuertes lluvias.
C2 noun /ˌmɪsæprɪˈhɛnʃən/

misapprehension

malentendido
Meaning
a mistaken belief or misunderstanding
Example
There is a common misapprehension about the causes of the disease.
Existe un malentendido común sobre las causas de la enfermedad.
C1 verb /ˈpeɪtrənaɪz/

patronize

patrocinar
Meaning
to treat someone in a condescending way; to be a regular customer of a business
Example
Don't patronize me with your fake sympathy.
No me trates con condescendencia con tu simpatía falsa.
C1 adjective /ˈruːfəl/

rueful

lamentoso
Meaning
Expressing sorrow, regret, or pity.
Example
He gave a rueful smile after losing the match.
Él dio una sonrisa lamentosa después de perder el partido.
C2 noun /ˈaʊtˌrɪɡər/

outrigger

estructura de refuerzo
Meaning
a projecting structure on a boat, used for stability, or a boat fitted with such support
Example
The fisherman paddled his outrigger canoe across the lagoon.
El pescador remó su canoa con outtrigger a través de la laguna.
C1 noun /ˈrɛzɪn/

resin

resina
Meaning
a sticky organic substance, usually secreted by plants, often used in varnishes or plastics
Example
The craftsman used natural resin to make the sculpture shine.
El artesano usó resina natural para hacer que la escultura brillara.
B2 adjective /ˈkeər.friː/

Carefree

sin preocupaciones; despreocupado;
Meaning
free from anxiety or responsibility; lighthearted; worry-free
Example
She lived a carefree life, traveling the world without any worries.
Ella vivió una vida sin preocupaciones, viajando por el mundo sin ninguna preocupación.
B2 verb /ˌriːəˈreɪndʒ/

rearrange

reorganizar
Meaning
to change the order or position of something
Example
She decided to rearrange the furniture in her living room.
Ella decidió reorganizar los muebles en su sala de estar.
C1 noun /ˈbed sted/

Bed stead

estructura de la cama
Meaning
the framework of a bed; a bed frame without bedding
Example
The wooden bed stead was very sturdy.
La estructura de madera de la cama era muy resistente.
C1 noun /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

armada

flota de guerra
Meaning
A large fleet of warships.
Example
The Spanish Armada sailed against England in 1588.
La Armada Española navegó contra Inglaterra en 1588.
A2 noun /ˈjuːzər/

user

usuario
Meaning
a person who uses or operates something
Example
He is a frequent user of this app.
Él es un usuario frecuente de esta aplicación.
C1 noun /ˈhɒrəˌskoʊp/

horoscope

horóscopo
Meaning
A forecast of a person's future based on the positions of the stars and planets at their birth.
Example
She read her horoscope every morning to see what the stars predicted.
Ella leía su horóscopo cada mañana para ver lo que las estrellas predijeron.
B2 adjective /kənˈdɪʃ.ən.əl/

Conditional

condicional; sujeto a condiciones
Meaning
dependent on certain conditions; not absolute
Example
The job offer is conditional upon passing the background check.
La oferta de trabajo es condicional a pasar la verificación de antecedentes.
B2 noun ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

environmental degradation

degradación ambiental
Meaning
The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources and destruction of ecosystems.
Example
Environmental degradation threatens biodiversity.
La degradación ambiental amenaza la biodiversidad.
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.flɪkt ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/

conflict resolution

resolución de conflictos
Meaning
The process of finding peaceful solutions to disputes or disagreements between parties.
Example
Conflict resolution is vital for global peace.
La resolución de conflictos es vital para la paz global.
C2 adjective ˌnjʊə.rəʊ.saɪənˈtɪ.fɪk

neuroscientific

relacionado con la neurociencia
Meaning
Related to the scientific study of the brain and nervous system.
Example
Neuroscientific research helps understand memory retention.
La investigación neurocientífica ayuda a entender la retención de la memoria.
C2 noun /kəˈpærɪsən/

caparison

cubierta ornamental para un caballo; ropa o decoración rica y elaborada
Meaning
an ornamental covering for a horse; rich and elaborate clothing or decoration
Example
The king’s horse was adorned with a golden caparison.
El caballo del rey estaba adornado con un caparison de oro.
C2 noun mɒnəˈtɑːskɪŋ

monotasking

hacer una tarea a la vez
Meaning
The practice of dedicating oneself to a given task and minimizing potential interruptions until the task is completed or a significant period of time has elapsed.
Example
Monotasking can often lead to higher quality work.
El monotasking a menudo conduce a un trabajo de mayor calidad.
B2 verb ˈsiːlɪŋ

sealing

sellar, cerrar
Meaning
The action of closing or blocking something to prevent entry or escape.
Example
Sealing cracks in the walls can prevent pests from entering.
Sellar las grietas en las paredes puede evitar que las plagas entren.
A2 noun /frɪdʒ/

fridge

nevera
Meaning
a household appliance used to keep food and drinks cold to preserve freshness
Example
I put the milk back in the fridge after breakfast.
Puse la leche en la nevera después del desayuno.
C2 adjective /ˈeɪ.li.ə.nə.bəl/

alienable

transferible
Meaning
Able to be transferred or surrendered, usually referring to rights or property.
Example
Property rights are alienable and can be sold or transferred.
Los derechos de propiedad son transferibles y pueden ser vendidos o transferidos.
A1 preposition, adverb /əˈlɔːŋ/

along

a lo largo de
Meaning
moving in a constant direction on (a road, path, or surface)
Example
We walked along the river.
Caminamos a lo largo del río.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛptɪv/

receptive

receptivo
Meaning
Willing to listen to or accept new ideas, suggestions, or experiences.
Example
She was receptive to feedback from her colleagues.
Ella estaba receptiva a los comentarios de sus colegas.
C1 noun /ˈpɛdəstəl/

pedestal

base / pedestal
Meaning
the base or support on which a statue or object stands
Example
The statue was placed on a marble pedestal.
La estatua fue colocada sobre un pedestal de mármol.
C1 noun /ˈaʊtˌkraɪ/

outcry

protesta
Meaning
A strong expression of public anger or disapproval.
Example
The decision sparked an outcry among the citizens.
La decisión provocó una protesta entre los ciudadanos.
C1 noun /rɪˈbʌtəl/

rebuttal

refutación
Meaning
a statement or argument made to oppose or disprove another
Example
Her rebuttal was clear and convincing.
Su refutación fue clara y convincente.
C1 verb /kwentʃ/

quench

calmar
Meaning
to satisfy thirst by drinking; to extinguish fire
Example
He drank water to quench his thirst after the long run.
Él bebió agua para calmar su sed después de la larga carrera.
B2 noun /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/

diabetes

felicidad
Meaning
a medical condition in which the body cannot properly control the level of sugar in the blood
Example
He was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes last year.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 adjective /əˌpɒk.əˈlɪp.tɪk/

apocalyptic

apocalíptico
Meaning
Describing the end of the world, or something catastrophic and disastrous.
Example
The movie depicts an apocalyptic future after a nuclear war.
La película describe un futuro apocalíptico después de una guerra nuclear.
B2 noun /ˈrɪb.ən/

ribbon

cinta
Meaning
a long, narrow strip of fabric used for tying or decoration
Example
She tied her hair with a red ribbon.
Ella ató su cabello con una cinta roja.
C2 adjective /ˈfɛstəl/

festal

relacionado con un festival, festivo
Meaning
relating to a festival or celebration
Example
The hall was decorated in a festal manner for the wedding.
El salón estaba decorado de manera festiva para la boda.
C1 adjective /ˈkjuːmjələtɪv/

cumulative

cumulativo
Meaning
Increasing gradually by addition; growing in quantity, force, or effect.
Example
The cumulative effect of stress can harm your health.
El efecto acumulativo del estrés puede dañar tu salud.
B2 adjective /ˈɡrʌm.pi/

Grumpy

malhumorado; irritable;
Meaning
bad-tempered and irritable; easily annoyed
Example
He was grumpy all morning because he didn't sleep well.
Estaba malhumorado toda la mañana porque no durmió bien.
B2 noun /ˈɜː.dʒən.si/

Urgency

urgencia
Meaning
the quality of requiring immediate action or attention; pressing importance
Example
The urgency of the situation required immediate medical attention.
La urgencia de la situación requirió atención médica inmediata.
B2 adjective /ˈɪmpæktfʊl/

impactful

impactante
Meaning
Having a major impact or effect; powerful and forceful.
Example
Her impactful speech moved the audience to take action.
Su discurso impactante movió al público a tomar acción.
C1 noun /mɪˈrɑːʒ/

Mirage

espejismo
Meaning
An optical illusion caused by atmospheric conditions, especially in deserts
Example
The travelers saw a mirage of water in the desert.
Los viajeros vieron un espejismo de agua en el desierto.
B2 noun /ˈbrændɪŋ/

branding

El proceso de crear y promover una marca o la identidad de una empresa
Meaning
The process of creating and promoting a brand or company identity.
Example
Effective branding is key to building customer loyalty.
El branding efectivo es clave para generar lealtad de los clientes.
B2 verb /ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/

isolate

aislar
Meaning
To separate something or someone from others.
Example
Doctors tried to isolate the patient to prevent the spread of infection.
Los doctores intentaron aislar al paciente para evitar la propagación de la infección.
B2 noun /ˈnuː.kʌm.ər/

New-comer

recién llegado
Meaning
a person who has recently arrived in a place or joined a group
Example
The newcomer was warmly welcomed by the team.
El recién llegado fue bienvenido calurosamente por el equipo.
C1 noun/adjective /klɛft/

cleft

grieta
Meaning
a split or crack; a space or opening made by cleavage
Example
The goat disappeared into a cleft in the rocks.
La cabra desapareció en una grieta en las rocas.
C2 adjective ˌmɔː.fəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl

morphological

relacionado con la estructura y formación de palabras
Meaning
Related to the structure and formation of words; concerning morphology in linguistics.
Example
Morphological analysis helps AI understand word structures.
El análisis morfológico ayuda a la IA a entender las estructuras de las palabras.
C2 verb /slʌf/ or /sluː/

slough

desprender la piel / zona pantanosa
Meaning
To shed or cast off (like dead skin); also a swampy or muddy area.
Example
The snake sloughed off its old skin.
La serpiente se desprendió de su piel vieja.
C1 noun /rɪˈfɜːrər/

referrer

referidor
Meaning
a person who directs someone to another person or service
Example
The referrer earned a bonus for recommending a new client.
El referidor ganó un bono por recomendar un nuevo cliente.
C2 noun /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnɪzəm/

opportunism

oportunismo
Meaning
The practice of taking advantage of opportunities regardless of principles or ethics.
Example
His decision was driven by opportunism, not values.
Su decisión fue impulsada por el oportunismo, no por los valores.
C2 verb /diːˈfrɑːk/

defrock

despojar a un sacerdote de su cargo
Meaning
to officially remove a priest or minister from their position and authority
Example
The church decided to defrock the priest after the scandal.
La iglesia decidió defrockear al sacerdote después del escándalo.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈfeər/

Unfair

injusto; desleal;
Meaning
not right or just; treating people in a way that favors some over others
Example
It's unfair to blame her for something she didn't do.
Es injusto culparla por algo que no hizo.
C1 noun /ˈdʒʌɡ.lər/

Juggler

malabarista
Meaning
a person who skillfully throws and catches objects as entertainment
Example
The juggler entertained the crowd with his amazing ball tricks.
El malabarista entretuvo a la multitud con sus increibles trucos con pelotas.
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌstɛp/

sidestep

eludir
Meaning
To avoid something by stepping aside; to evade a problem or question indirectly.
Example
The politician tried to sidestep the difficult question.
El político intentó eludir la difícil pregunta.
C1 adjective /ˈræɡ.ɪd/

Ragged

desgarrado; roto; raído
Meaning
torn; tattered; frayed; shabby
Example
The homeless man wore ragged clothes.
El hombre sin hogar llevaba ropa desgarrada.
C1 noun /ˈplæn.teɪn ˈflaʊ.ər/

Plantain flower

flor de plátano
Meaning
The flower bud of a banana plant, used as a vegetable in cooking
Example
We cooked plantain flower curry for dinner.
Cocinamos curry de flor de plátano para la cena.
C2 verb /dɒf/

doff

quitarse (un sombrero) como muestra de respeto
Meaning
to take off an item of clothing, especially a hat, as a sign of respect
Example
He doffed his hat as the procession passed.
Él se quitó el sombrero mientras pasaba la procesión.
B2 noun ˈlɪt.ər.ə.si ˌreɪts

literacy rates

tasas de alfabetización
Meaning
The percentage of people in a population who can read and write; measures of educational levels in a population.
Example
Literacy rates impact socioeconomic conditions.
Las tasas de alfabetización afectan las condiciones socioeconómicas.
B2 noun /ˈwɔtər ˈpjʊrəˌfaɪər/

Water purifier

purificador de agua
Meaning
A device that removes contaminants and impurities from water to make it safe for drinking
Example
We installed a water purifier in our kitchen to ensure clean drinking water.
Instalamos un purificador de agua en nuestra cocina para asegurar agua potable limpia.
B2 adjective /ˈmɛʒərd/

measured

medido
Meaning
carefully considered and deliberate
Example
She spoke in a calm, measured tone.
Ella habló en un tono calmado y medido.
B1 noun /ˌmæθəˈmætɪks/

mathematics

matemáticas
Meaning
the abstract science of number, quantity, and space; the study of numbers and their operations
Example
Mathematics helps us understand patterns in nature and the universe.
Las matemáticas nos ayudan a entender los patrones en la naturaleza y el universo.
C2 verb /ˌnɒnˈplʌs/

nonplus

dejar perplejo
Meaning
To surprise and confuse someone so much that they are unsure how to react.
Example
The unexpected question seemed to nonplus the speaker.
La pregunta inesperada pareció dejar perplejo al orador.
B1 verb /əˈpriːʃieɪt/

appreciate

Apreciar
Meaning
to recognize the value or significance of; to be grateful for
Example
I really appreciate your help with this project.
Realmente aprecio tu ayuda con este proyecto.
A2 adjective /ɪmˈpɑːsəbl/

impossible

imposible
Meaning
not able to occur, exist, or be done
Example
It is impossible to finish this work in one day.
Es imposible terminar este trabajo en un día.
C1 adjective /ˈpjuːtrɪd/

putrid

podrido
Meaning
decayed and emitting a foul smell
Example
The garbage smelled putrid after days in the sun.
La basura olía a podrido después de varios días al sol.
C1 adjective /ˌɑːpərˈtuːn/

opportune

momento oportuno
Meaning
Happening at a suitable or convenient time.
Example
She arrived at an opportune moment to help.
Llegó en un momento oportuno para ayudar.
C2 verb /rɪˈɡeɪl/

regale

regalar
Meaning
To entertain or amuse someone with stories, food, or drink.
Example
He regaled us with stories of his travels around the world.
Nos regaló con historias de sus viajes alrededor del mundo.
B1 noun /weɪst/

Waist

cintura
Meaning
the part of the human body below the ribs and above the hips
Example
She tied a belt around her waist.
Ella se ató un cinturón alrededor de su cintura.
B2 adjective /ˈɒp.ʃən.əl/

Optional

opcional
Meaning
not compulsory; left to choice
Example
Wearing a tie is optional for this event.
Usar una corbata es opcional para este evento.
C1 noun /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃmənt/

encroachment

intrusión
Meaning
the act of gradually intruding or taking over someone’s rights, land, or space
Example
The villagers protested against the encroachment on their farmland.
Los aldeanos protestaron contra la intrusión en sus tierras agrícolas.
B1 noun /ˈhæm.ər/

Hammer

martillo
Meaning
a tool with a heavy metal head for hitting nails or breaking things
Example
She used a hammer to nail the picture frame to the wall.
Ella usó un martillo para clavar el marco de la foto en la pared.
C2 adjective /əˈsɛt.ɪk/

ascetic

ascético
Meaning
Practicing strict self-denial and abstaining from worldly pleasures, often for religious reasons.
Example
He lived an ascetic life in the mountains, far from worldly comforts.
Vivió una vida ascética en las montañas, alejado de las comodidades mundanas.
C1 verb /kriːk/

creak

hacer un ruido chirriante o agudo
Meaning
to make a high-pitched, squeaking noise when moved
Example
The old door creaked as she opened it.
La puerta vieja crujió cuando la abrió.
B2 verb /dɪˈprɛs/

depress

deprimir
Meaning
To make someone feel sad or without hope; to reduce the level or strength of something.
Example
The gloomy weather tends to depress people.
El clima sombrío tiende a deprimir a las personas.
B2 adjective /ˈkaʊntləs/

countless

incontable
Meaning
too many to be counted; innumerable
Example
There are countless stars in the sky.
Hay innumerables estrellas en el cielo.
B2 adjective /mɪr/

mere

mero
Meaning
Used to emphasize how small or insignificant something is.
Example
It was a mere suggestion, not a command.
Era solo una sugerencia, no una orden.
A2 verb /ˈbɑroʊ/

borrow

pedir prestado
Meaning
to take temporarily with intention to return; to take on loan
Example
Can I borrow your pen for a moment?
¿Puedo pedirte prestado tu bolígrafo por un momento?
B2 adjective /ˈlɛdʒɪslətɪv/

legislative

legislativo
Meaning
relating to the making of laws
Example
The legislative body passed the new tax bill.
El cuerpo legislativo aprobó el nuevo proyecto de ley sobre impuestos.