Lawlessness
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C1 noun /ˈlɔː.ləs.nəs/

Lawlessness

anarquía
Meaning
absence of law and order; a state where laws do not exist or are not enforced
Example
The city descended into lawlessness after the government collapsed.
La ciudad descendió a la anarquía después del colapso del gobierno.
C1 adjective /ˈmaɪ.ɡrə.tɔːr.i/

Migratory

migratorio
Meaning
moving from one place to another; characterized by seasonal movement
Example
Many birds are migratory and travel thousands of miles each season.
Muchos pájaros son migratorios y viajan miles de millas cada temporada.
C1 adjective /bəˈzɜːrk/

berserk

enloquecido
Meaning
Out of control with anger or excitement; wild or frenzied.
Example
The fans went berserk when their team won the championship.
Los fanáticos se volvieron enloquecidos cuando su equipo ganó el campeonato.
C2 noun /ˌoʊpəˈlɛsəns/

opalescence

opalescencia
Meaning
a milky or pearly appearance of a surface like that of an opal
Example
The pearl had a gentle opalescence under the light.
La perla tenía una suave opalescencia bajo la luz.
C1 verb /nəˈsɛsɪteɪt/

necessitate

hacer necesario
Meaning
To make something necessary or unavoidable.
Example
The heavy rains necessitated the cancellation of the event.
Las fuertes lluvias hicieron inevitable la cancelación del evento.
A2 verb əˈdres

address

abordar
Meaning
To deal with or tackle (a problem or issue); to focus attention on.
Example
The government must address the issues of student politics.
El gobierno debe abordar los problemas de la política estudiantil.
C2 adjective /əˈrækjələr/

oracular

oracular
Meaning
Resembling an oracle; giving wise, mysterious, or prophetic statements
Example
Her oracular words left the audience deep in thought.
Sus palabras oraculares dejaron a la audiencia profundamente pensativa.
A1 adjective /tɔːl/

tall

alto
Meaning
having a greater than average height
Example
He is the tallest player on the team.
Él es el jugador más alto del equipo.
B2 noun məˈtæb.əl.ɪ.zəm

metabolism

metabolismo
Meaning
The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
Example
Exercise boosts metabolism and burns calories.
El ejercicio aumenta el metabolismo y quema calorías.
B2 noun /əˈluːmɪnəm/

aluminum

aluminio
Meaning
a lightweight silvery metal used for making cans, foils, and other items
Example
The airplane body is made of strong but light aluminum.
El cuerpo del avión está hecho de aluminio fuerte pero ligero.
C1 noun /ˈmæk.rəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts/

macronutrients

macronutrientes
Meaning
Nutrients that are needed in large amounts to provide energy and building materials for the body, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Example
Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are vital macronutrients.
Las proteínas, las grasas y los carbohidratos son macronutrientes vitales.
B1 adjective /ˈrel.ə.tɪv/

Relative

relativo
Meaning
considered in comparison to something else; not absolute; comparative
Example
The cost of living is relative to your income level.
El costo de vida es relativo a tu nivel de ingresos.
C2 noun /ləˈdʒɪʃən/

logician

lógico
Meaning
A person skilled in logic and reasoning.
Example
Aristotle is considered one of the greatest logicians in history.
Aristóteles es considerado uno de los más grandes lógicos de la historia.
B2 noun, verb /ˈrætəl/

rattle

traquetear; sonajero
Meaning
to make a rapid series of short, sharp sounds; a device or object that makes such a sound
Example
The loose window began to rattle in the strong wind.
La ventana suelta empezó a traquetear con el viento fuerte.
B2 adjective /dɪˈbeɪtəbl̩/

debatable

debatible
Meaning
open to discussion or doubt; not certain
Example
It is debatable whether the policy will work.
Es debatible si la política funcionará.
C1 adjective /ˈpɪər.ləs/

Peerless

incomparable; sin igual; sin rival
Meaning
unequaled; having no match or equal; without rival
Example
Her peerless beauty captivated everyone.
Su belleza incomparable cautivó a todos.
B1 noun /kɑːrt/

Cart

carro
Meaning
a wheeled vehicle for carrying goods; a shopping cart
Example
The farmer loaded hay onto his cart.
El granjero cargó heno en su carro.
C1 noun /ˈɡræv.ɪ.tæs/

gravitas

gravedad
Meaning
Dignity, seriousness, or solemnity of manner or speech.
Example
The judge spoke with great gravitas.
El juez habló con gran gravedad.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdɪr/

endear

hacer que alguien sea querido
Meaning
To cause someone to be loved or liked.
Example
Her kindness and generosity endeared her to the community.
Su amabilidad y generosidad la hicieron querida por la comunidad.
B2 noun /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/

Compensation

compensación; remuneración
Meaning
something given or received as an equivalent for services, debt, loss, injury, or suffering; payment or reward
Example
The company provided financial compensation to the workers injured in the accident.
La empresa proporcionó compensación financiera a los trabajadores lesionados en el accidente.
B2 verb /ɪkˈskleɪm/

exclaim

gritar
Meaning
to cry out suddenly in surprise, strong emotion, or excitement
Example
She exclaimed with joy when she saw the gift.
Ella exclamó con alegría cuando vio el regalo.
C2 noun /viːˈnæləti/

venality

venalidad
Meaning
the quality of being open to bribery or corruption
Example
The scandal revealed the venality of several senior officials.
El escándalo reveló la venalidad de varios funcionarios de alto rango.
C1 verb /ˈnʌlɪfaɪ/

nullify

anular
Meaning
to make something legally invalid or ineffective
Example
The court decided to nullify the contract.
El tribunal decidió anular el contrato.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.si/

racy

picante
Meaning
Lively, entertaining, or slightly shocking (especially in a sexual way).
Example
The novel was full of racy dialogues.
La novela estaba llena de diálogos picantes.
C2 noun /ˈɡæŋ.ɡriːn/

gangrene

gangrena
Meaning
The death of body tissue due to lack of blood supply or infection.
Example
If untreated, the wound may lead to gangrene.
Si no se trata, la herida puede llevar a la gangrena.
C2 noun /fɔːn/

faun

fauno (criatura mitológica)
Meaning
a mythological creature that is half human and half goat
Example
The sculpture depicted a playful faun dancing in the forest.
La escultura representaba un fauno juguetón bailando en el bosque.
B2 adjective /bɪˈheɪvjərəl/

behavioral

comportamental
Meaning
relating to the way a person or animal acts
Example
The psychologist studied the child's behavioral patterns.
El psicólogo estudió los patrones de comportamiento del niño.
C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

pertinent

pertinente
Meaning
Relevant or applicable to a particular matter.
Example
She asked a pertinent question during the meeting.
Ella hizo una pregunta pertinente durante la reunión.
C1 adjective /ˌiːvænˈdʒɛlɪkəl/

evangelical

evangélico
Meaning
Relating to the Christian gospel, especially the teachings that emphasize personal faith and the authority of the Bible.
Example
She grew up in an evangelical church community.
Ella creció en una comunidad de iglesia evangélica.
B2 noun /ˈnjuːzˌlɛtər/

newsletter

boletín
Meaning
a printed or electronic report containing news or information about a company or organization
Example
The company sends a weekly newsletter to its employees.
La empresa envía un boletín semanal a sus empleados.
C1 noun /pəˈvɪliən/

pavilion

pabellón
Meaning
A large tent or temporary building, often used for events or exhibitions.
Example
The wedding reception was held in a decorated pavilion.
La recepción de la boda se celebró en un pabellón decorado.
C1 noun /jɛn/

yen

deseo
Meaning
A deep, strong desire or craving.
Example
She felt a strong yen to travel the world.
Sintió un fuerte deseo de viajar por el mundo.
C1 adjective /ˈskɛtʃi/

sketchy

incompleto
Meaning
not thorough or detailed; suspicious or unsafe
Example
The details of the project were still sketchy.
Los detalles del proyecto aún estaban incompletos.
B1 adverb /ˈriː.zən.ə.bli/

Reasonably

razonablemente; de manera sensata;
Meaning
in a sensible way; fairly; to a moderate degree
Example
The hotel room was reasonably priced for the location.
La habitación del hotel estaba razonablemente bien precio para la ubicación.
A2 adjective /smɑːrt/

Smart

inteligente; astuto; bien vestido; elegante
Meaning
intelligent; quick-witted; well-dressed; stylish
Example
She made a smart decision to invest in technology stocks.
Tomó una decisión inteligente de invertir en acciones tecnológicas.
A2 adjective /ˈkɒmɪk/

comic

cómico
Meaning
causing or meant to cause laughter
Example
The movie had several comic scenes.
La película tenía varias escenas cómicas.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈlɔːfl/

Unlawful

ilegal; ilícito
Meaning
not authorized by law; illegal
Example
The court declared the search unlawful.
El tribunal declaró que la búsqueda era ilegal.
C2 noun /ˈpɜr.kwɪ.zɪt/

Perquisite

prerrogativa
Meaning
an additional benefit or privilege given to an employee beyond their regular salary; a special right or advantage
Example
Company car was one of the perquisites of his executive position.
El coche de la empresa era una de las prerrogativas de su cargo ejecutivo.
C1 noun /ˈvɪɡər/

vigor

vigor
Meaning
Physical strength, energy, or enthusiasm.
Example
She tackled the project with great vigor and determination.
Ella abordó el proyecto con gran vigor y determinación.
A1 preposition /tuː/

to

a
Meaning
used for expressing motion or direction
Example
She is going to the market.
Ella va al mercado.
C2 noun /ʃiːf/

sheaf

manojo de trigo
Meaning
a bundle of grain stalks laid lengthwise and tied together after reaping; a bundle of objects tied together
Example
The farmer carried a sheaf of wheat on his shoulder.
El agricultor llevaba un manojo de trigo sobre su hombro.
B2 noun /ˈwʊlən dres/

Woolen dress

vestido de lana
Meaning
a dress made from wool fabric, typically worn in cold weather
Example
She wore a warm woolen dress during the winter months.
Ella llevaba un vestido de lana cálido durante los meses de invierno.
B1 adjective /ɡrænd/

Grand

grande; magnífico; excelente;
Meaning
impressive; magnificent; excellent;
Example
The grand palace impressed all the visitors.
El gran palacio impresionó a todos los visitantes.
C2 verb /bɪˈdaɪzən/

bedizen

adorno ostentoso
Meaning
to dress up or decorate in a showy or tasteless way
Example
She was bedizened with cheap jewelry.
Ella estaba adornada con joyas baratas.
B2 adjective /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiənt/

Disobedient

desobediente
Meaning
refusing to obey rules or authority; rebellious
Example
The disobedient child refused to follow the rules.
El niño desobediente se negó a seguir las reglas.
A2 verb /reɪz/

raise

levantar / aumentar
Meaning
To lift or move something to a higher position; to increase; to bring up.
Example
She raised her hand to ask a question.
Ella levantó su mano para hacer una pregunta.
C2 noun /ˈʃaɪstər/

shyster

estafador
Meaning
a person, especially a lawyer, who uses unscrupulous or dishonest methods
Example
The businessman was exposed as a shyster who cheated clients.
El hombre de negocios fue expuesto como un estafador que engañaba a los clientes.
B2 noun /ˌɪntərˈsɛkʃən/

intersection

intersección
Meaning
a point where two or more things intersect, especially a road or path
Example
The intersection of Main Street and 5th Avenue is always busy.
La intersección de la calle principal y la 5ª avenida siempre está ocupada.
C2 verb /lɑːl/

loll

sentarse perezosamente
Meaning
To sit, lie, or stand in a lazy, relaxed way.
Example
He lolled on the sofa after a long day at work.
Se desplomó en el sofá después de un largo día de trabajo.
C1 noun, verb /ˈmæn.deɪt/

mandate

mandato
Meaning
an official order or command; to give someone authority to act in a certain way
Example
The government issued a mandate to reduce carbon emissions.
El gobierno emitió un mandato para reducir las emisiones de carbono.
C2 adjective /ˈæfərənt/

afferent

aferente
Meaning
carrying impulses toward a central organ or part, especially toward the brain or spinal cord
Example
Afferent nerves carry signals from the body to the brain.
Los nervios aferentes llevan señales desde el cuerpo al cerebro.
B2 noun ˈprɑː.sest fuːdz

processed foods

alimentos procesados
Meaning
Foods that have been altered from their natural state through various methods such as canning, freezing, refrigeration, dehydration and aseptic processing.
Example
Excessive consumption of processed foods leads to health issues.
El consumo excesivo de alimentos procesados conduce a problemas de salud.
A1 noun/verb /fɪlm/

film

película
Meaning
a motion picture or movie; or to record on camera
Example
They watched a film together on the weekend.
Ellos vieron una película juntos el fin de semana.
C2 verb /ˈpɒntɪfɪkeɪt/

pontificate

hablar o actuar de manera pomposa o dogmática; oficiar como un pontífice
Meaning
to speak or act in a pompous or dogmatic way; to officiate as a pontiff
Example
He pontificated on the importance of education for over an hour.
Él pontificó durante más de una hora sobre la importancia de la educación.
C2 noun /ˈmiːliərɪzəm/

meliorism

meliorismo
Meaning
The belief that the world tends to improve and that humans can aid its betterment.
Example
Her philosophy of meliorism kept her hopeful during difficult times.
Su filosofía de meliorismo la mantuvo esperanzada durante tiempos difíciles.
C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈsiːd/

intercede

interceder
Meaning
to act or plead on behalf of someone in difficulty or trouble; to intervene between parties to help resolve a dispute
Example
She interceded with the teacher to give her brother another chance.
Ella intercedió con el maestro para darle otra oportunidad a su hermano.
C2 verb /ˈsʌpjʊˌreɪt/

suppurate

supurar
Meaning
to form or discharge pus, usually as a result of infection
Example
The wound began to suppurate after a few days.
La herida comenzó a supurar después de unos días.
C1 noun /ˈɛər.luːm/

heirloom

herencia
Meaning
a valuable object that has belonged to a family for several generations
Example
The ring is a family heirloom passed down from her grandmother.
El anillo es una herencia familiar que ha sido transmitida por su abuela.
B2 adjective /ɪˈlæs.tɪk/

Elastic

elástico
Meaning
able to stretch and return to original shape; flexible; adaptable
Example
The elastic band can stretch and return to its original shape.
La banda elástica puede estirarse y volver a su forma original.
B2 adjective /ˈdjʊərəbəl/

Durable

duradero; resistente; fuerte
Meaning
able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting; strong
Example
This durable fabric will last for many years.
Esta tela duradera durará muchos años.
B2 noun /ˌekspləˈreɪʃən/

exploration

exploración
Meaning
the action of traveling through or studying an area to learn more about it
Example
Space exploration has expanded our understanding of the universe.
La exploración espacial ha ampliado nuestra comprensión del universo.
C1 noun, verb /dɪsˈɑːnər/

dishonor

deshonra
Meaning
a state of shame or loss of respect; to bring shame upon someone or something
Example
The soldier felt he had brought dishonor to his family.
El soldado sintió que había traído deshonra a su familia.
C1 noun /ˈbæləd/

ballad

canción narrativa
Meaning
a narrative song or poem, often sentimental or romantic
Example
The singer performed a moving ballad about lost love.
El cantante interpretó una balada conmovedora sobre el amor perdido.
A2 adjective /ruːd/

Rude

grosero; descortés; falto de civismo; áspero
Meaning
impolite; discourteous; lacking civility; rough or harsh in manner
Example
It was rude of him to interrupt the meeting.
Fue grosero interrumpir la reunión.
B2 noun ˈæsɛt

asset

activo
Meaning
A useful or valuable thing, person, or quality.
Example
Real estate is one of the most valuable assets.
El bienes raíces es uno de los activos más valiosos.
C1 adjective /ˈeɪmləs/

Aimless

sin rumbo; sin objetivo
Meaning
without purpose or direction; lacking a goal
Example
He wandered around the city in an aimless manner.
Él caminaba por la ciudad de manera sin rumbo.
B1 adverb /ˈrɒŋli/

wrongly

incorrectamente
Meaning
in an incorrect or mistaken way; unfairly or unjustly
Example
He was wrongly accused of the crime.
Fue acusado incorrectamente del crimen.
B1 verb /ɪkˈspɔːrt/

export

exportar
Meaning
to send goods or services to another country for sale
Example
The company exports cars to many countries.
La empresa exporta coches a muchos países.
B2 noun /dʒʌŋk/

Junk

basura; chatarra
Meaning
old or discarded articles that are considered useless or of little value; things of poor quality
Example
He cleaned out the garage and threw away all the old junk.
Limpió el garaje y tiró toda la basura vieja.
C1 adjective /ˈdʒoʊ.vi.əl/

jovial

alegre
Meaning
cheerful and friendly in manner
Example
He was in a jovial mood during the family gathering.
Estaba de buen humor durante la reunión familiar.
B1 noun /ˈɛnvəloʊp/

envelope

sobre
Meaning
a flat paper container used to enclose a letter or document
Example
She sealed the letter in an envelope and posted it.
Ella selló la carta en un sobre y lo envió.
C1 noun /ˈtrænsfərəns/

transference

transferencia
Meaning
The act of moving something from one place, person, or situation to another.
Example
The transference of knowledge is essential in education.
La transferencia de conocimiento es esencial en la educación.
A2 noun /tʃeɪn/

chain

cadena
Meaning
a connected series of metal rings used for fastening or securing things; a series of connected events or businesses
Example
He wore a gold chain around his neck.
Él llevaba una cadena de oro alrededor de su cuello.
C1 noun /ˈsʌtlti/

subtlety

sutileza
Meaning
The quality or state of being subtle.
Example
She understood the subtlety of the situation.
Ella entendió la sutileza de la situación.
C2 noun /ˈtændʒənsi/

tangency

tangencia
Meaning
the condition of touching but not intersecting, especially in geometry
Example
The circle and the line are in a state of tangency at one point.
El círculo y la línea están en un estado de tangencia en un punto.
A1 adverb /æz/

As

mientras; porque; durante el tiempo que
Meaning
in the way that; while; because; during the time that
Example
As you grow older, you become wiser.
A medida que creces, te haces más sabio.
C2 adjective /ˈmʌɡi/

muggy

bochornoso y húmedo
Meaning
uncomfortably warm and humid
Example
It was a muggy afternoon in July.
Era una tarde bochornosa en julio.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈjuː.ʒu.əl/

Unusual

inusual; extraño;
Meaning
not typical; strange; different from what is normal
Example
She wore an unusual dress to the party.
Ella llevaba un vestido inusual a la fiesta.
A2 noun /ˈɡɑːr.dən.ər/

Gardener

jardinero
Meaning
a person who tends and cultivates a garden
Example
The gardener planted beautiful flowers in the backyard.
El jardinero plantó hermosas flores en el jardín trasero.
C1 verb /ˈræʃənaɪz/

rationlize

racionalizar
Meaning
to justify or explain something with logical reasons, even if not appropriate or true
Example
He tried to rationlize his mistake by blaming the system.
Él trató de racionalizar su error culpando al sistema.
B2 adjective /ˈhelp.ləs/

Helpless

desamparado; impotente; vulnerable
Meaning
unable to defend oneself or act without help; powerless; vulnerable
Example
The child felt helpless when lost in the crowded market.
El niño se sintió desamparado cuando se perdió en el mercado abarrotado.
C1 noun /səˈlɛmnɪti/

solemnity

solemnidad
Meaning
the state or quality of being serious and dignified
Example
The ceremony was conducted with great solemnity.
La ceremonia se realizó con gran solemnidad.
C1 noun /lʌmp/

Lump

bulto; trozo; pedazo
Meaning
a compact mass of a substance, especially one without a definite or regular shape
Example
She found a lump of sugar in the bowl.
Ella encontró un trozo de azúcar en el tazón.
C2 noun /mælˈfiːzəns/

malfeasance

delito de funcionario público
Meaning
Wrongdoing or misconduct, especially by a public official.
Example
The mayor was accused of malfeasance in office.
El alcalde fue acusado de malfeasance en su cargo.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈmænɪdʒəbəl/

Unmanageable

incontrolable; fuera de control
Meaning
difficult or impossible to control or handle
Example
The large class became unmanageable without proper supervision.
La gran clase se volvió incontrolable sin una supervisión adecuada.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

instructive

instructivo
Meaning
useful and informative; providing knowledge or instruction
Example
The lecture was highly instructive and engaging.
La conferencia fue muy instructiva y atractiva.
B1 noun /ˈfeɪ.vər/

Favour

favor; ayuda; bondad
Meaning
approval, support, or liking for someone or something; a kind or helpful act
Example
Could you do me a favour and help me move this heavy box?
¿Podrías hacerme un favor y ayudarme a mover esta caja pesada?
C1 verb /wiːld/

wield

sujetar, usar
Meaning
To hold and use a weapon, tool, or power effectively.
Example
The warrior wielded his sword with great skill.
El guerrero usó su espada con gran habilidad.
C2 adjective /rəˈkoʊkoʊ/

rococo

rococó
Meaning
characterized by ornate detail and elaborate decoration, especially in art, architecture, and design
Example
The palace was decorated in a lavish rococo style.
El palacio fue decorado en un estilo rococó lujoso.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrsənɪdʒ/

personage

persona importante
Meaning
an important or famous person
Example
He is considered a great personage in the world of literature.
Se le considera una gran persona en el mundo de la literatura.
A1 adverb /ɔːf/

off

apagado
Meaning
away from a place, position, or time; not functioning
Example
He turned off the light before leaving the room.
Apagó la luz antes de salir de la habitación.
A1 modal verb/noun /maɪt/

might

podría / poder
Meaning
used to express possibility; power or strength
Example
She might come to the party if she finishes work early.
Ella podría venir a la fiesta si termina el trabajo temprano.
C1 noun /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnɪst/

opportunist

oportunista
Meaning
A person who takes advantage of situations for personal gain, often disregarding principles.
Example
He is seen as an opportunist who always puts his interests first.
Se le ve como un oportunista que siempre pone sus intereses primero.
B2 noun/verb /sɪˈmɛnt/

cement

cemento / cimentar
Meaning
a powdery substance that binds materials together; to make something strong or permanent
Example
The treaty helped cement the relationship between the two countries.
El tratado ayudó a cimentar la relación entre los dos países.
C1 noun /ˈhaɪ.drəʊˌpaʊər ˌdʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

hydropower generation

generación hidroeléctrica
Meaning
The production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water.
Example
Hydropower generation promotes green energy.
La generación hidroeléctrica promueve la energía verde.
C1 adjective /ˈbuːzi/

boozy

alcohólico
Meaning
containing or involving a lot of alcohol; slightly drunk from alcohol
Example
The party became boozy as the night went on.
La fiesta se volvió alcohólica a medida que avanzaba la noche.
B2 noun /ɪɡˈzæmɪnər/

examiner

examinador
Meaning
A person who tests or inspects knowledge, skills, or qualifications
Example
The examiner reviewed each student's answer sheet carefully.
El examinador revisó cuidadosamente la hoja de respuestas de cada estudiante.
C2 adjective /eɪˈsɛptɪk/

aseptic

libre de gérmenes
Meaning
Free from contamination caused by harmful microorganisms; sterile.
Example
Surgeons must work in an aseptic environment to prevent infection.
Los cirujanos deben trabajar en un ambiente aséptico para prevenir infecciones.
B1 adverb /ˈkɒmənli/

commonly

comúnmente
Meaning
usually or by most people
Example
This phrase is commonly used in everyday speech.
Esta frase se usa comúnmente en el habla cotidiana.
B2 noun /rɪˈsiː.vər/

Receiver

receptor
Meaning
a person or thing that receives something; the part of a telephone containing the earpiece and mouthpiece
Example
She picked up the receiver to answer the phone call.
Ella levantó el receptor para contestar la llamada telefónica.
A2 noun /ˈdæn.sər/

Dancer

bailarina
Meaning
a person who performs dance, typically as a profession or art form
Example
The dancer performed gracefully on the stage.
La bailarina se presentó con gracia en el escenario.
C1 adjective /məˈroʊs/

morose

melancólico
Meaning
sullen, gloomy, or ill-tempered
Example
He became morose after losing his job.
Se volvió melancólico después de perder su trabajo.
C1 noun /ˈpiːɒn/

peon

peón
Meaning
a low-ranking worker, often performing menial tasks
Example
The office peon delivered the files to each department.
El peón de la oficina entregó los archivos a cada departamento.
C2 noun /ˈnæfθə/

naphtha

nafta
Meaning
A flammable oil containing hydrocarbons, obtained from petroleum or coal tar, used as fuel or solvent.
Example
The factory stored barrels of naphtha for industrial use.
La fábrica almacenaba barriles de nafta para uso industrial.
C1 noun /prəˈpɛlər/

propeller

hélice
Meaning
A mechanical device with blades that rotates to drive a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle forward.
Example
The airplane’s propeller cut through the air with great speed.
La hélice del avión cortó el aire con gran velocidad.
B1 noun /ˈmiːtər/

meter

metro
Meaning
A unit of length in the metric system equal to 100 centimeters; also, a device that measures quantity such as electricity or gas.
Example
The technician came to check the electricity meter.
El técnico vino a revisar el medidor de electricidad.
B1 verb /kənˈkluːd/

conclude

concluir
Meaning
to bring to an end; to decide or determine after consideration
Example
We will conclude the meeting at five o'clock.
Terminaremos la reunión a las cinco en punto.
C2 noun /əˈkwaɪərmənt/

acquirement

adquisición; logro
Meaning
the act of acquiring something; something that has been acquired, especially a skill or possession
Example
Language proficiency is an important acquirement for global careers.
El dominio del idioma es una adquisición importante para carreras globales.
C1 noun /ˈmɪmɪkri/

mimicry

imitación
Meaning
The act of imitating someone or something, often for humor or learning.
Example
The comedian’s mimicry of celebrities made the audience laugh.
La imitación de las celebridades por el comediante hizo reír a la audiencia.
C1 adjective /ˈfruːt.ləs/

Fruitless

infructuoso; inútil; fútil;
Meaning
unsuccessful; futile; pointless;
Example
After hours of searching, their efforts proved fruitless.
Después de horas de búsqueda, sus esfuerzos resultaron infructuosos.
C1 noun /ˈpʌntʃ laɪn/

punch line

remate
Meaning
The final part of a joke or story that makes it funny.
Example
Everyone laughed loudly at the punch line of his joke.
Todos se rieron fuertemente con el remate de su chiste.
C1 noun səˈfɪʃənsi

sufficiency

suficiencia
Meaning
The condition of being adequate or enough; adequacy.
Example
The sufficiency of food supply is critical for survival.
La suficiencia del suministro de alimentos es crítica para la supervivencia.
C1 noun /ˌsæl.ɪ.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

salinization

aumento de salinidad
Meaning
The process of increasing salt content in soil.
Example
Excessive irrigation can cause salinization of farmland.
El riego excesivo puede causar aumento de salinidad en los campos.
B2 verb /kənˈfes/

confess

confesar
Meaning
to admit guilt or wrongdoing; to acknowledge
Example
He confessed his mistake to his teacher.
Él confesó su error a su maestro.
A1 verb /peɪ/

pay

pagar
Meaning
to give money in exchange for goods or services
Example
I need to pay my bills on time.
Necesito pagar mis facturas a tiempo.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛɡ.jʊ.mənt/

integument

cobertura externa
Meaning
A natural outer covering, such as skin, shell, or rind.
Example
The snake sheds its integument as it grows.
La serpiente pierde su cobertura externa a medida que crece.
C1 adjective /ˈflʌstərd/

flustered

desconcertado
Meaning
in a state of confusion or agitation
Example
She appeared flustered after being asked so many questions.
Ella parecía desconcertada después de tantas preguntas.
B1 verb /əˈfɛkt/

affect

afectar
Meaning
to influence or make a difference to something
Example
The weather can greatly affect our mood.
El clima puede afectar mucho nuestro estado de ánimo.
B1 noun /ˈmʌðər ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/

mother language

lengua materna
Meaning
the first language a person learns from childhood; native language
Example
Children learn best when they are taught in their mother language.
Los niños aprenden mejor en su lengua materna.
B1 noun /ˈɔr.ə.ʒɪn/

Origin

origen
Meaning
the point or place where something begins, arises, or is derived; the source
Example
Scientists are studying the origin of the universe.
Los científicos están estudiando el origen del universo.
C2 verb /ˈɡræn.jʊ.leɪt/

granulate

granular
Meaning
To form or cause to form into grains or small particles.
Example
The sugar began to granulate as it cooled.
El azúcar comenzó a granularse cuando se enfrió.