involution
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C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈluːʃən/

involution

involución
Meaning
a complicated or intricate form or state; in biology, the shrinking of an organ after its function has finished
Example
The story was full of involution, making it hard to follow.
La historia estaba llena de involución, lo que hacía difícil de seguir.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈmiːdiəbl̩/

irremediable

irremediable
Meaning
Impossible to cure, repair, or remedy.
Example
The damage to the ancient manuscript was irremediable.
El daño al antiguo manuscrito era irremediable.
C1 noun /ˌɪmɔːrˈtæləti/

immortality

inmortalidad
Meaning
the state of living forever; eternal life or lasting fame beyond death
Example
Many ancient cultures believed that heroes could achieve immortality through great deeds.
Muchas culturas antiguas creían que los héroes podían alcanzar la inmortalidad mediante grandes hazañas.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɛn.ɪ.tənt/

impenitent

impenitente
Meaning
Not feeling regret or shame about one's actions.
Example
The criminal remained impenitent after the trial.
El criminal permaneció impenitente después del juicio.
A2 noun/verb /ˈaɪən/ or /ˈaɪərn/

iron

hierro / plancha
Meaning
a strong, hard metal used in construction; also to press clothes with heat
Example
He used an iron to smooth his shirt.
Él usó una plancha para alisar su camisa.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɒl.ər.ə.bəl/

Intolerable

intolerable
Meaning
unable to be endured; extremely unpleasant or painful
Example
The noise from the construction site was intolerable.
El ruido de la obra de construcción era intolerable.
C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈkeɪʃən/

invocation

invocación
Meaning
the act of calling upon a higher power for help, blessing, or inspiration
Example
The ceremony began with an invocation to the gods.
La ceremonia comenzó con una invocación a los dioses.
C2 noun /ˌɪmpəˈtjuːəsəti/

impetuosity

impetuosidad
Meaning
The quality of being rash or impulsive.
Example
His impetuosity often got him into trouble.
Su impetuosidad a menudo lo metía en problemas.
C2 noun /ˈɪndələns/

indolence

indolencia
Meaning
Avoidance of activity or exertion; laziness.
Example
His indolence kept him from finishing the project on time.
Su indolencia le impidió terminar el proyecto a tiempo.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtjuː.ɪ.tɪv/

intuitive

intuitivo
Meaning
Based on instinctive understanding rather than reasoning.
Example
The software has an intuitive design that makes it easy to use.
El software tiene un diseño intuitivo que lo hace fácil de usar.
C2 conjunction /ˌɪnəzˈmʌtʃ æz/

inasmuch-as

ya que
Meaning
Because; since.
Example
He cannot attend, inasmuch as he is unwell.
Él no puede asistir, ya que está enfermo.
B2 noun /aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

identification

identificación
Meaning
the process of recognizing or proving who or what someone or something is
Example
You need proper identification to enter the building.
Necesitas una identificación adecuada para entrar al edificio.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

imposing

imponente
Meaning
having an appearance that is grand, impressive, or commanding
Example
The castle is an imposing structure overlooking the valley.
El castillo es una estructura imponente que domina el valle.
B2 noun /ˈɪdɪət/

idiot

idiota
Meaning
a person who acts in a way that is considered very stupid or foolish
Example
He acted like an idiot at the party last night.
Él actuó como un idiota en la fiesta anoche.
C1 noun ˌɪn.tuˈɪʃ.ən

intuition

intuición
Meaning
The ability to understand something immediately, without the need for conscious reasoning.
Example
Her intuition told her something was wrong.
Su intuición le dijo que algo estaba mal.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛdɪmənt/

impediments

obstáculos
Meaning
A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; things that prevent progress or achievement.
Example
Economic impediments often hinder social development.
Los obstáculos económicos a menudo dificultan el desarrollo social.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜː.mə.ti/

Infirmity

debilidad; enfermedad; fraqueza
Meaning
physical or mental weakness; a disease or ailment; frailty
Example
Despite his advanced age and various infirmities, he remained mentally sharp and alert.
A pesar de su avanzada edad y varias enfermedades, se mantuvo mentalmente agudo y alerta.
C1 verb /ɪnˈsɪnjueɪt/

insinuate

insinuar
Meaning
To suggest or hint something indirectly and often unpleasantly.
Example
He insinuated that she had lied about her qualifications.
Él insinuó que ella había mentido sobre sus calificaciones.
A2 noun /ˈaɪtəm/

item

artículo
Meaning
A single thing, object, or unit, often part of a list or collection.
Example
Each item on the list must be checked carefully.
Cada artículo en la lista debe ser revisado cuidadosamente.
C2 noun /ˈɪd.i.ə.si/

Idiocy

idiotez
Meaning
extremely stupid behavior or actions; foolishness
Example
The decision to ignore safety protocols was pure idiocy that endangered everyone.
La decisión de ignorar los protocolos de seguridad fue pura idiotez que puso en peligro a todos.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɡlɔːriəs/

inglorious

deshonroso
Meaning
Causing shame or disgrace; not bringing honor or glory.
Example
The army suffered an inglorious defeat.
El ejército sufrió una derrota deshonrosa.
B2 verb /ˈɪnəveɪt/

innovate

innovar
Meaning
To introduce new methods, ideas, or products.
Example
The company must innovate to stay ahead of its competitors.
La empresa debe innovar para mantenerse por delante de sus competidores.
C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

intersectar
Meaning
to cross or pass through each other
Example
The two roads intersect at the city center.
Los dos caminos se intersectan en el centro de la ciudad.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛnsɪv/

intensive

intenso
Meaning
Involving a lot of effort, energy, or concentration in a short period of time.
Example
She attended an intensive English course before moving abroad.
Ella asistió a un curso intensivo de inglés antes de mudarse al extranjero.
C1 adjective /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/

igneous

ígnea
Meaning
Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Example
Granite is an igneous rock commonly used in construction.
El granito es una roca ígnea que se utiliza comúnmente en la construcción.
B1 noun /ɪnˈstrʌkʃən/

instruction

instrucción
Meaning
Detailed information telling how something should be done or operated.
Example
Please read the instruction carefully before using the machine.
Por favor, lea la instrucción cuidadosamente antes de usar la máquina.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Impiety

impiedad
Meaning
lack of piety or reverence, especially for a god; disrespect or irreverence toward religious matters
Example
His impiety shocked the religious community when he mocked their sacred ceremonies.
Su impiedad sorprendió a la comunidad religiosa cuando se burló de sus ceremonias sagradas.
C1 noun /ɪnˈtruː.ʒən/

intrusion

intrusión no autorizada
Meaning
Unauthorized entry into a system or place without permission
Example
The company detected an intrusion in its server.
La empresa detectó una intrusión en su servidor.
A1 noun /aɪs/

Ice

hielo
Meaning
water that has frozen and become solid
Example
The ice in my drink melted quickly in the hot weather.
El hielo en mi bebida se derritió rápidamente con el calor.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səˈbɔːr.dɪ.nət/

insubordinate

insubordinado
Meaning
Defiant of authority; disobedient to orders.
Example
The insubordinate employee refused to follow the manager's instructions.
El empleado insubordinado se negó a seguir las instrucciones del gerente.
B2 noun /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/

infinity

infinito
Meaning
A concept describing something without any limit or end.
Example
The universe seems to stretch into infinity.
El universo parece extenderse hacia el infinito.
C2 verb /ˈɪmprɛɡneɪt/

impregnate

embarazar / impregnar
Meaning
To make pregnant; to fill or saturate with something.
Example
The scientist used a method to impregnate the material with resin.
El científico utilizó un método para impregnar el material con resina.
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɪsɪt/

illicit

ilícito
Meaning
Forbidden by law, rules, or custom.
Example
The police shut down the illicit drug operation.
La policía cerró la operación de drogas ilícitas.
C2 verb /ɪˈluːmɪn/

illumine

iluminar
Meaning
to light up or make clear
Example
The rising sun illumined the mountain peaks.
El sol naciente iluminó las cumbres de la montaña.
C2 adjective ɪˈnɛfəbl

ineffable

inefable
Meaning
Too great or extreme to be expressed or described in words.
Example
The beauty of the landscape was ineffable.
La belleza del paisaje era inefable.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrstɪs/

interstice

hendidura
Meaning
a small space that lies between things
Example
Light filtered through the narrow interstices of the wall.
La luz se filtró a través de las estrechas hendiduras de la pared.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛɡ.jʊ.mənt/

integument

cobertura externa
Meaning
A natural outer covering, such as skin, shell, or rind.
Example
The snake sheds its integument as it grows.
La serpiente pierde su cobertura externa a medida que crece.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈveə.ri.ə.bəl/

Invariable

invariable; constante; siempre igual
Meaning
never changing; constant; always the same
Example
His invariable routine includes morning exercise and coffee.
Su rutina invariable incluye ejercicio por la mañana y café.
B2 verb /ɪnˈveɪd/

invade

invadir
Meaning
to enter a place or country forcefully, especially as an enemy
Example
The army invaded the neighboring country.
El ejército invadió el país vecino.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈtɜːrmənət/

indeterminate

indeterminado
Meaning
Not exactly known, defined, or established; vague or uncertain.
Example
The project was delayed for an indeterminate amount of time.
El proyecto se retrasó por un tiempo indeterminado.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsæn.ə.ti/

Insanity

locura; demencia
Meaning
the state of being seriously mentally ill; extreme foolishness or irrationality
Example
The defense lawyer argued that his client was not guilty by reason of insanity.
El abogado defensor argumentó que su cliente no era culpable por razón de locura.
B2 verb /ˌɪntərˈfɪər/

interfere

felicidad
Meaning
to become involved in something that is not your concern; to hinder or obstruct
Example
Parents should not interfere in their children’s personal choices.
No pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɔːrˈɡænɪk/

inorganic

inorgánico
Meaning
relating to substances that are not derived from living organisms; lacking organic structure or growth
Example
Inorganic compounds are commonly studied in chemistry labs.
Los compuestos inorgánicos se estudian en los laboratorios.
C2 adjective /ɪˈrɛzəluːt/

irresolute

indeciso
Meaning
uncertain or indecisive; lacking determination
Example
He stood irresolute at the crossroads, unsure which path to take.
Él se quedó indeciso en el cruce de caminos, sin saber qué camino tomar.
B2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈmiːdiət/

intermediate

intermedio
Meaning
Coming between two things in time, place, or order; in the middle level or stage.
Example
She is taking an intermediate-level French course.
Ella está tomando un curso de francés de nivel intermedio.
B1 adjective /ɪˈmiːdiət/

immediate

inmediato
Meaning
happening or done without delay
Example
The doctor gave her immediate attention.
El doctor le dio atención inmediata.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈmɪt.ənt

intermittent

intermitente
Meaning
Happening irregularly, not continuously.
Example
The rain was intermittent throughout the day.
La lluvia fue intermitente durante todo el día.
B2 noun /ˈɪnvənˌtɔːri/

inventory

inventario
Meaning
A complete list of items, such as goods in stock or property.
Example
The shopkeeper checked the inventory before opening the store.
El tendero revisó el inventario antes de abrir la tienda.
C1 noun /ˈɪnlɛt/

inlet

entrada
Meaning
A small arm of the sea, a lake, or a river; an opening or passage for entry.
Example
The boat entered a narrow inlet along the coast.
El bote entró en una entrada estrecha a lo largo de la costa.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɛlɪdʒəbəl/

Ineligible

inelegible; no apto; no cualificado
Meaning
not qualified or entitled to participate or be chosen; unsuitable
Example
Students with poor grades are ineligible for the scholarship program.
Los estudiantes con calificaciones bajas no son elegibles para el programa de becas.
B2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒp.ər/

Improper

impropio; incorrecto; inapropiado
Meaning
inappropriate; incorrect; not suitable
Example
It would be improper to discuss personal matters in a business meeting.
Sería impropio discutir asuntos personales en una reunión de negocios.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒvɪdənt/

improvident

imprudente
Meaning
Not having or showing foresight; spending wastefully or without thought for the future.
Example
His improvident habits left him with no savings.
Sus hábitos imprudentes lo dejaron sin ahorros.
C1 adjective /ˈɪndɪɡoʊ bluː/

Indigo-blue

azul índigo
Meaning
a deep blue color with a purplish tinge
Example
The indigo-blue sky looked magnificent at twilight.
El cielo azul índigo se veía magnífico al atardecer.
B2 noun /ɪnˈkwaɪəri/ or /ˈɪnkwəri/

inquiry

investigación / consulta
Meaning
An act of asking for information; an investigation into something.
Example
The committee launched an inquiry into the financial irregularities.
El comité inició una investigación sobre las irregularidades financieras.
B2 verb /ɪnˈstrʌkt/

instruct

instruir
Meaning
to teach; to give directions
Example
The teacher instructed the students carefully.
El maestro instruyó a los estudiantes con cuidado.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈlɒkjətəri/

interlocutory

provisional
Meaning
Given during the course of a legal action, not final but temporary or provisional.
Example
The judge issued an interlocutory order to maintain the status quo until the hearing.
El juez emitió una orden provisional para mantener el statu quo hasta la audiencia.
B2 noun /ˈɪntərvəl/

interval

intervalo
Meaning
a period of time between two events or points; a pause or break in activity
Example
There was a short interval between the two performances.
Hubo un breve intervalo entre las dos funciones.
B1 noun /ɪˌmædʒ.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Imagination

imaginación; facultad creativa
Meaning
the faculty or action of forming new ideas or images not present to the senses; creative thinking
Example
Children's imagination allows them to turn a cardboard box into a spaceship or castle.
La imaginación de los niños les permite convertir una caja de cartón en una nave espacial o castillo.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɪəriəs/

imperious

imperioso
Meaning
Arrogantly domineering or overbearing.
Example
Her imperious tone made it hard for others to argue.
Su tono imperioso dificultaba que los demás discutieran.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsɪɡniə/

insignia

insignia
Meaning
A badge or symbol that shows rank, position, or membership.
Example
The soldier proudly wore the insignia of his regiment.
El soldado llevaba orgulloso la insignia de su regimiento.
C2 noun /ˌɪmpjuˈteɪʃən/

imputation

imputación
Meaning
an accusation or attribution of blame
Example
The politician denied the imputation of corruption.
El político negó la imputación de corrupción.
C2 noun /ɪmˈprɑːvɪdəns/

improvidence

imprudencia
Meaning
Lack of foresight or care for future needs.
Example
His improvidence led to financial difficulties.
Su imprudencia lo llevó a dificultades financieras.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdɛmnɪfaɪ/

indemnify

indemnizar
Meaning
to compensate someone for harm or loss; to secure against future damage or cost
Example
The insurance company agreed to indemnify the client for the damages.
La compañía de seguros acordó indemnizar al cliente por los daños.
C2 adjective /ɪnhɑːrˈmoʊniəs/

Inharmonious

desarmónico
Meaning
lacking harmony; discordant in sound; not in tune
Example
The inharmonious sounds from the broken piano made everyone cover their ears.
Los sonidos desarmónicos del piano roto hicieron que todos se cubrieran los oídos.
A2 adverb /ɪˈmiːdiətli/

immediately

inmediatamente
Meaning
at once; without delay
Example
She responded immediately to the emergency call.
Ella respondió inmediatamente a la llamada de emergencia.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛfjʊtəbəl/

Irrefutable

irrefutable
Meaning
impossible to deny or disprove; undeniable
Example
The evidence against him was irrefutable.
La evidencia en su contra era irrefutable.
B1 noun ɪnˈtel.ɪ.dʒəns

intelligence

inteligencia
Meaning
The ability to learn, understand, and think in a logical way about things
Example
Intelligence is key in AI development.
La inteligencia es clave en el desarrollo de la IA.
A2 noun, verb /ˈɪʃuː/

issue

problema, publicación, distribución
Meaning
A problem, topic, or the act of supplying or distributing something.
Example
The magazine will issue a new edition next week.
La revista publicará una nueva edición la próxima semana.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnsjələr/

insular

limitado, relacionado con una isla
Meaning
Narrow-minded, isolated, or relating to an island.
Example
The community was criticized for its insular attitudes toward outsiders.
La comunidad fue criticada por sus actitudes insulares hacia los forasteros.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpæsɪbəl/

impassible

impasible
Meaning
Incapable of suffering or feeling pain (used mainly in theological or philosophical contexts).
Example
Some philosophers argue that God is impassible and cannot experience human emotions.
Algunos filósofos argumentan que Dios es impasible y no puede experimentar emociones humanas.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdʒɛst/

ingest

ingerir
Meaning
To take food, drink, or another substance into the body, usually by swallowing.
Example
The patient must ingest the medicine with water.
El paciente debe ingerir el medicamento con agua.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈdjuːbɪtəbl/

indubitable

indudable
Meaning
Impossible to doubt; unquestionable.
Example
It is indubitable that hard work leads to success.
Es indudable que el trabajo duro lleva al éxito.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɜːrmənəbl/

interminable

interminable
Meaning
Seemingly endless; having no apparent end.
Example
The meeting felt interminable and exhausting.
La reunión parecía interminable y agotadora.
C2 noun /ˌɪn.təˈvɛn.ʃə.nɪ.zəm/

interventionism

intervencionismo
Meaning
Government policy of active involvement in economic affairs.
Example
The central bank's interventionism helped stabilize inflation.
El intervencionismo del banco central ayudó a estabilizar la inflación.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpæsɪv/

impassive

impasible
Meaning
Not showing or feeling emotion; expressionless.
Example
Despite the shocking news, she remained impassive.
A pesar de las noticias impactantes, ella permaneció impasible.
C2 adjective /ˌaɪ.kə.nəˈklæs.tɪk/

iconoclastic

caracterizado por atacar o rechazar creencias, tradiciones o valores establecidos
Meaning
Characterized by attacking or rejecting cherished beliefs, traditions, or established values.
Example
Her iconoclastic views challenged the conventional wisdom of the industry.
Sus puntos de vista iconoclásticos desafiaron la sabiduría convencional de la industria.
B1 noun aɪˈdɛntɪti

identity

identidad
Meaning
The fact of being who or what a person or thing is; the characteristics determining who or what a person or thing is.
Example
The day reinforces our national identity.
El día refuerza nuestra identidad nacional.
C1 verb /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/

improvise

improvisar
Meaning
To create or perform something spontaneously without preparation.
Example
The actor had to improvise his lines when he forgot the script.
El actor tuvo que improvisar sus líneas cuando olvidó el guion.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpræktɪkəbl/

impracticable

impracticable
Meaning
Not capable of being carried out or put into practice.
Example
The plan seemed impracticable due to limited resources.
El plan parecía impracticable debido a los recursos limitados.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɡreɪʃiˌeɪtɪŋ/

ingratiating

adulador
Meaning
Charming or flattering in a way intended to gain favor.
Example
His ingratiating smile made everyone trust him quickly.
Su sonrisa aduladora hizo que todos confiaran en él rápidamente.
C1 adverb, adjective /ˌɪnkɑːɡˈniːtoʊ/

incognito

incógnito
Meaning
In disguise or with one's identity concealed.
Example
The celebrity traveled incognito to avoid the paparazzi.
La celebridad viajó incognito para evitar a los paparazzi.
A2 noun /ˈɪlnəs/

illness

enfermedad
Meaning
A condition of being unwell or suffering from a disease.
Example
She missed school due to a serious illness.
Ella no fue a la escuela debido a una enfermedad grave.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.mə.si/

Intimacy

intimidad; cercanía
Meaning
close familiarity or friendship; closeness; a private cozy atmosphere
Example
The couple valued the emotional intimacy they shared more than material possessions.
La pareja valoró más la intimidad emocional que compartieron que las posesiones materiales.
B1 noun ɪmˈpruːv.mənts

improvements

mejoras
Meaning
The action of making or becoming better; an instance of something becoming or being made better.
Example
Continuous improvements increase productivity.
Las mejoras continuas aumentan la productividad.
B2 verb /ɪnˈflɪkt/

inflict

infligir
Meaning
to cause something unpleasant or painful to be suffered by someone or something
Example
The storm inflicted considerable damage to the city.
La tormenta infligió un daño considerable a la ciudad.
C2 noun /ˈɪntərˌveɪl/

intervale

terreno bajo a lo largo de un río, generalmente fértil y plano
Meaning
A low-lying tract of land along a river, usually fertile and flat.
Example
The farmers cultivated crops on the lush intervale by the river.
Los agricultores cultivaron cosechas en el intervalo fértil junto al río.
C2 verb /ɪnˈhjuːm/

inhume

inhumar
Meaning
to bury a dead body in the ground
Example
They inhumed the warrior with full honors.
Ellos inhumaron al guerrero con todos los honores.
B1 noun /ɪmˈprɛʃən/

impression

impresión, concepto
Meaning
an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone
Example
The book gave me a good first impression.
El libro me dio una buena primera impresión.
C2 noun /ˌɪnkænˈdɛsəns/

incandescence

incandescencia
Meaning
the emission of light from a hot object; brilliance
Example
The incandescence of the candle filled the dark room.
La incandescencia de la vela llenó la habitación oscura.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪstənt/

insistent

insistente
Meaning
demanding something firmly and refusing to accept no
Example
The child was insistent on getting a new toy.
El niño era insistente en conseguir un nuevo juguete.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndaɪˈdʒestəbəl/

Indigestible

indigerible; difícil de digerir
Meaning
difficult or impossible to digest; hard to process in the stomach
Example
The old bread became hard and indigestible.
El pan viejo se volvió duro e indigesto.
C1 noun /ˈɪntərˌluːd/

interlude

interludio
Meaning
A short period of time that comes between two events; an interval.
Example
There was a brief musical interlude between the two acts of the play.
Hubo un breve interludio musical entre los dos actos de la obra.
B2 noun /ɪnˈvɛstɪˌɡeɪtər/

investigator

felicidad
Meaning
a person who carries out a formal inquiry or investigation
Example
The investigator gathered evidence from the crime scene.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/

insignificance

insignificancia
Meaning
The quality of being unimportant or trivial.
Example
He felt a sense of insignificance in the vast universe.
Él sintió un sentido de insignificancia en el vasto universo.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɒlvənt/

insolvent

insolvente
Meaning
unable to pay debts owed
Example
The insolvent firm could not meet its financial obligations.
La empresa insolvente no pudo cumplir con sus obligaciones financieras.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnjʊərd/

inured

acostumbrado
Meaning
Accustomed to something, especially something unpleasant.
Example
After years of hardship, she was inured to suffering.
Después de años de sufrimiento, ella estaba acostumbrada al dolor.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnsətɪv/

insensitive

insensible
Meaning
Showing or feeling no concern for others' feelings.
Example
His insensitive comment hurt her deeply.
Su comentario insensible la lastimó profundamente.
B1 abbreviation /ˌaɪˈiː/

ie

es decir
Meaning
That is to say; used to clarify or explain something more precisely.
Example
Many amphibians, i.e., frogs and salamanders, can live both in water and on land.
Muchos anfibios, es decir, ranas y salamandras, pueden vivir tanto en agua como en tierra.
C2 noun /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtəns/

inadvertence

descuido
Meaning
Failure to pay attention; carelessness.
Example
The error happened through sheer inadvertence.
El error ocurrió por pura inadvertencia.
B2 adjective /ˌɪd.iˈɒt.ɪk/

Idiotic

idiota
Meaning
extremely stupid; foolish; senseless
Example
His idiotic behavior embarrassed everyone at the meeting.
Su comportamiento idiota avergonzó a todos en la reunión.
B1 verb /ˌɪntərˈækt/

interact

interactuar
Meaning
to communicate or work together with someone or something
Example
Students interact with teachers during class discussions.
Los estudiantes interactúan con los profesores durante las discusiones en clase.
C1 adjective ɪnˈkʌm.bənt

incumbent

obligatorio
Meaning
necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.
Example
It is incumbent upon all citizens to obey the law.
Es obligatorio para todos los ciudadanos obedecer la ley.
C1 adverb /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəli/

incidentally

por cierto
Meaning
by the way; used to introduce a remark not directly related to the main subject
Example
Incidentally, did you know that she studied in Paris?
Por cierto, ¿sabías que estudió en París?
A2 verb /ɪɡˈnɔːr/

ignore

ignorar
Meaning
to refuse to take notice of; to disregard intentionally
Example
She decided to ignore the rude comments.
Ella decidió ignorar los comentarios groseros.
C2 noun /ˌɪnsəˈrɛkʃən/

insurrection

insurrección
Meaning
A violent uprising against an authority or government.
Example
The army was called in to suppress the insurrection.
El ejército fue llamado para sofocar la insurrección.
B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

initiatives

iniciativas
Meaning
Actions or strategies designed to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; programs or projects.
Example
Community initiatives benefit underprivileged groups.
Las iniciativas comunitarias benefician a los grupos desfavorecidos.
B1 verb ɪnˈkriːsɪŋ

increasing

creciente
Meaning
Becoming or making greater in size, amount, intensity, or degree; growing.
Example
Increasing awareness about education is necessary.
Aumentar la conciencia sobre la educación es necesario.
B1 noun ɪnˈvestmənt

investment

inversión
Meaning
The action or process of investing money for profit or material result.
Example
Investment in waste management infrastructure is essential.
La inversión en infraestructura de gestión de residuos es esencial.
C1 noun /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənsi/

insufficiency

insuficiencia
Meaning
The state of not being enough or not being adequate.
Example
The project failed due to the insufficiency of funds.
El proyecto falló debido a la insuficiencia de fondos.
C2 verb /ɜːrk/

irk

molestar
Meaning
to annoy or irritate someone
Example
It irks me when people are late without calling.
Me molesta cuando la gente llega tarde sin llamar.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvaɪzəbl/

inadvisable

desaconsejable
Meaning
Not recommended; likely to have undesirable consequences.
Example
It is inadvisable to drive in such heavy rain.
No es recomendable conducir bajo tal lluvia intensa.
C2 noun /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtər/

inquisitor

inquisidor
Meaning
A person who asks many questions, often in an official or harsh manner.
Example
The inquisitor demanded detailed answers from the witness.
El inquisidor exigió respuestas detalladas del testigo.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.ərn.wʊd/

Ironwood

madera de hierro
Meaning
a hard, dense wood from various trees; also the tree itself that produces small flowers
Example
The ironwood tree blooms with tiny white flowers.
El árbol de madera de hierro florece con pequeñas flores blancas.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɔːˈspɪʃəs/

Inauspicious

desafortunado
Meaning
unlucky; showing signs that future success is unlikely; unfavorable
Example
The dark clouds seemed inauspicious for the wedding.
Las nubes oscuras parecían desfavorables para la boda.
A2 preposition /ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

including

incluido
Meaning
used to show that someone or something is part of a larger group
Example
Many people attended the event, including students and teachers.
Muchas personas asistieron al evento, incluidos estudiantes y maestros.
C1 noun /ˌɪntəkəˈnɛktɪvɪti/

interconnectivity

interconectividad
Meaning
The state of being interconnected or the degree of connectivity between components
Example
The rise of interconnectivity has transformed global communication.
El auge de la interconectividad ha transformado la comunicación global.
C1 noun ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃən

insulation

aislamiento
Meaning
Material used to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from being transmitted from one area to another.
Example
Insulation of food storage areas can prevent pests from entering.
El aislamiento de las áreas de almacenamiento de alimentos puede evitar que entren plagas.
B2 verb ɪnˈvɛst.ɪŋ

investing

invertir
Meaning
The act of putting money into financial schemes, shares, property, or a commercial venture with the expectation of achieving a profit.
Example
Investing in stocks can generate long-term wealth.
Invertir en acciones puede generar riqueza a largo plazo.
B2 adjective /ˈɪmɪnənt/

imminent

inminente
Meaning
About to happen; likely to occur very soon.
Example
Dark clouds signaled that a storm was imminent.
Las nubes oscuras señalaron que una tormenta era inminente.
C2 noun /ˌɪkθiˈɒlədʒi/

ichthyology

icthología
Meaning
The branch of zoology that deals with fish.
Example
He pursued a degree in ichthyology at the university.
Obtuvo un título en ictiología en la universidad.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɑːlənˌtɛri/

involuntary

involuntario
Meaning
done without will or conscious control
Example
He gave an involuntary shiver when he heard the loud noise.
Él dio un escalofrío involuntario cuando escuchó el ruido fuerte.