insulate
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C1 verb /ˈɪnsjuleɪt/

insulate

aislar
Meaning
To protect something by covering it, especially to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from escaping or entering.
Example
The house was insulated to reduce heating costs.
La casa fue aislada para reducir los costos de calefacción.
C1 noun ˈfɔː.saɪt

foresight

previsión
Meaning
The ability to predict or the action of predicting what will happen or be needed in the future.
Example
His foresight helped the company avoid financial losses.
Su previsión ayudó a la empresa a evitar pérdidas financieras.
C1 noun /ˈkwæɡˌmaɪər/

quagmire

pantano, embrollo
Meaning
a soft, wet area of land that gives way underfoot; a complex or dangerous situation
Example
The hikers were trapped in a political quagmire.
Los excursionistas quedaron atrapados en un embrollo político.
C2 noun /ˈbɒnəmi/

bonhomie

bonhomía
Meaning
Cheerful friendliness and geniality.
Example
The meeting was filled with laughter and bonhomie.
La reunión estaba llena de risas y bonhomía.
C2 noun /trʌs/

truss

cercha
Meaning
a framework, typically consisting of rafters, posts, and struts, supporting a roof, bridge, or other structure
Example
The engineer designed a strong truss for the new bridge.
El ingeniero diseñó una cercha fuerte para el nuevo puente.
C2 noun /ˈklærɪən/

Clarion

clarín
Meaning
a shrill narrow-tubed war trumpet; a medieval trumpet with a clear piercing tone
Example
The clarion sounded across the battlefield to signal the charge.
El clarín sonó a través del campo de batalla para señalar el ataque.
C2 adjective /ˈsed.j ə.l ə s/

Sedulous

diligente; aplicado;
Meaning
showing dedication and diligence; persistent and careful in work
Example
She was sedulous in her research, spending hours in the library every day.
Ella fue diligente en su investigación, pasando horas en la biblioteca todos los días.
A2 noun /ˈæk.ʃən/

Action

acción; tarea
Meaning
the process of doing something; something that is done
Example
We need to take action to solve this problem.
Necesitamos tomar medidas para resolver este problema.
C1 adjective /ˌboʊnəˈfaɪdi/

Bonafide

genuino; auténtico; legítimo
Meaning
genuine; authentic; legitimate
Example
She is a bonafide expert in her field.
Ella es una experta genuina en su campo.
C1 adjective prəˈvɪnʃəl

provincial

provincial
Meaning
Of or concerning a province of a country or empire.
Example
Bengali was not just a provincial language.
El bengalí no era solo un idioma provincial.
B2 adjective /pəˈrɛntəl/

parental

relacionado con los padres
Meaning
relating to a parent or parents; characteristic of a mother or father
Example
Parental guidance is important for a child's development.
La orientación parental es importante para el desarrollo de un niño.
C2 adjective /ˈpɜːrviəs/

pervious

permeable
Meaning
Allowing water, air, or other substances to pass through; permeable.
Example
The soil here is pervious to rainwater.
El suelo aquí es permeable al agua de lluvia.
B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

preferencia
Meaning
a greater liking for one alternative over another or others
Example
She has a preference for classical music over pop music.
Ella tiene preferencia por la música clásica sobre la música pop.
B2 adverb /ˈdɛspərətli/

desperately

desesperadamente
Meaning
in a way that shows despair or great need
Example
He called for help desperately after the accident.
Llamó por ayuda desesperadamente después del accidente.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrpɔːrt/

purport

pretender
Meaning
to claim or profess something, often falsely
Example
The document purports to be an official government report.
El documento pretende ser un informe oficial del gobierno.
C1 verb /ˈbɑːrtər/

barter

trueque
Meaning
To exchange goods or services without using money.
Example
They bartered their crops for handmade tools.
Intercambiaron sus cultivos por herramientas hechas a mano.
B2 noun /ˈfækəlti/

faculty

facultad, capacidad
Meaning
an inherent mental or physical ability; a division of a university
Example
She has a remarkable faculty for languages.
Ella tiene una facultad notable para los idiomas.
B2 noun, verb, adjective /ræŋk/

rank

rango
Meaning
A position in a hierarchy; to place in order according to importance or quality.
Example
She quickly rose to a senior rank in the company.
Ella rápidamente ascendió a un rango superior en la empresa.
C1 adjective /ræmˈbʌŋk.ʃəs/

rambunctious

alborotado
Meaning
boisterous, energetic, and difficult to control.
Example
The rambunctious children filled the house with noise.
Los niños alborotados llenaron la casa de ruido.
B1 adjective pəˈlɪtɪkəl

political

político
Meaning
Relating to the government or public affairs of a country; relating to politics or political parties.
Example
The political agenda included autonomy.
La agenda política incluía autonomía.
C1 noun ˈkɑːr.bən ˌsiː.kwəˈstreɪ.ʃən

carbon sequestration

secuestro de carbono
Meaning
The process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate or defer global warming.
Example
Forests play a key role in carbon sequestration.
Los bosques juegan un papel clave en la secuestración de carbono.
A1 adjective, adverb /əˈloʊn/

alone

solo
Meaning
having no one else present; on one's own
Example
She prefers to live alone in her apartment.
Ella prefiere vivir sola en su apartamento.
B2 verb /dɪˈnaʊns/

denounce

denunciar
Meaning
To publicly declare something to be wrong, evil, or condemn strongly.
Example
The leader denounced corruption in his speech.
El líder denunció la corrupción en su discurso.
C1 noun /fɪˈnɛs/

finesse

sutilidad, destreza, refinamiento
Meaning
Subtlety and skill; refinement and delicacy in performance or artistry.
Example
The artist painted with great finesse.
El artista pintó con gran destreza.
B2 verb fəˈsɪl.ɪ.teɪt

facilitate

facilitar
Meaning
Make an action or process easier or more achievable; to help bring about.
Example
Good infrastructure facilitates economic growth.
La buena infraestructura facilita el crecimiento económico.
C1 noun /ˈkjuːmɪn/

Cumin

comino
Meaning
A spice made from the dried seeds of a plant in the parsley family, with a warm earthy flavor
Example
Cumin is an essential spice in Indian and Middle Eastern cooking.
El comino es una especia esencial en la cocina india y del Medio Oriente.
B1 noun /tɜːmz/

terms

términos
Meaning
plural of term; conditions or rules in a contract or agreement
Example
The terms of the agreement are clearly outlined in the contract.
Los términos del acuerdo están claramente delineados en el contrato.
B1 verb /əˈtætʃ/

attach

adjuntar
Meaning
to join or fasten something to another thing
Example
Please attach the document to the email before sending.
Por favor, adjunte el documento al correo electrónico antes de enviarlo.
C2 noun /aɪˈdɒlətri/

idolatry

idolatría
Meaning
The worship of idols or extreme admiration for someone or something.
Example
The priest condemned the idolatry practiced in the village.
El sacerdote condenó la idolatría practicada en el pueblo.
C2 adjective ˌnjʊə.rəʊ.prəˈtek.tɪv

neuroprotective

neuroprotector
Meaning
Having the ability to protect nerve cells from damage, degeneration, or impaired function.
Example
Omega-3 fatty acids have neuroprotective benefits.
Los ácidos grasos omega-3 tienen beneficios neuroprotectores.
A2 noun /dʒɔɪ/

Joy

alegría
Meaning
a feeling of great pleasure and happiness; a person or thing that causes delight
Example
The children's laughter filled the house with joy during the holiday celebration.
La risa de los niños llenó la casa de alegría durante la celebración de las vacaciones.
B2 verb /ɪnˈdjuːs/

induce

inducir
Meaning
to cause or persuade someone to do something; to bring about a result
Example
The doctor induced sleep with a mild sedative.
El doctor indujo el sueño con un sedante suave.
C1 noun ˌɪn.toʊˈneɪ.ʃən

intonation

entonación
Meaning
The rise and fall of tone in speech and pronunciation.
Example
Proper intonation enhances the clarity of a speech.
Una buena entonación mejora la claridad de un discurso.
B2 noun/verb /hɜːrd/

herd

rebaño
Meaning
a large group of animals of the same type that live and feed together; or to gather animals into a group.
Example
The shepherd herded the sheep into the pen.
El pastor llevó las ovejas al corral.
B2 noun /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/

viewpoint

punto de vista
Meaning
a particular attitude or way of considering a matter
Example
From his viewpoint, the situation was hopeless.
Desde su punto de vista, la situación era desesperada.
C1 noun /ˌnjʊə.roʊ.plæˈstɪs.ɪ.ti/

neuroplasticity

neuroplasticidad
Meaning
The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.
Example
Neuroplasticity allows the brain to rewire itself after an injury.
La neuroplasticidad permite que el cerebro se recablee después de una lesión.
B2 adjective /ˈfruːt.fəl/

Fruitful

fructífero; beneficioso; exitoso;
Meaning
productive; beneficial; successful;
Example
Our discussion was very fruitful and led to many new ideas.
Nuestra discusión fue muy fructífera y condujo a muchas ideas nuevas.
C1 noun /dɪsˈlɛksiə/

dyslexia

dislexia
Meaning
A learning disorder characterized by difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and decoding words.
Example
The teacher used special methods to help the student with dyslexia.
La profesora usó métodos especiales para ayudar al estudiante con dislexia.
B1 noun /ˈseɪ.ɪŋ/

Saying

dicho
Meaning
a well-known phrase that expresses something true about life; a proverb
Example
There's an old saying that practice makes perfect.
Hay un viejo dicho que dice que la práctica hace al maestro.
A1 verb /stɒp/

stop

detener
Meaning
to cease moving or operating; to halt; to prevent
Example
Please stop talking during the movie.
Por favor, deje de hablar durante la película.
B1 noun /ˈkɜːr.ənt/

Current

corriente
Meaning
a body of water or air moving in a definite direction; present time
Example
The river current was too strong for swimming.
La corriente del río era demasiado fuerte para nadar.
B1 adjective /fɒnd/

fond

afectuoso
Meaning
having a strong liking or affection for something or someone
Example
She is fond of painting and spends hours in front of her canvas.
Ella es afectuosa con la pintura y pasa horas frente a su lienzo.
C2 adjective /ˌɛnkəˈmiːæstɪk/

encomiastic

elogioso
Meaning
Expressing praise; laudatory.
Example
The book was filled with encomiastic remarks about the author.
El libro estaba lleno de comentarios elogiosos sobre el autor.
C1 adjective /ˌjuːtɪlɪˈtɛəriən/

utilitarian

utilitario
Meaning
Designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive; relating to the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
Example
The building had a simple utilitarian design.
El edificio tenia un diseno utilitario simple.
A2 noun /əˈdɪʃ.ən/

Addition

adición; proceso de agregar
Meaning
the process of adding numbers; something that is added
Example
The addition of a new room made the house more spacious.
La adición de una nueva habitación hizo la casa más espaciosa.
B2 noun /ˈjuː.sɪdʒ/

Usage

uso
Meaning
the action of using something; the way in which words are used in a language
Example
The dictionary explains the correct usage of difficult words.
El diccionario explica el uso correcto de palabras difíciles.
B2 noun /ˈkʌs.tə.mər rɪˈten.ʃən/

Customer Retention

retención de clientes
Meaning
The ability of a company or product to retain its customers over some specified period.
Example
High customer retention increases business sustainability.
Una alta retención de clientes aumenta la sostenibilidad del negocio.
C1 noun /njʊˈrɑːlədʒi/

neurology

neurología
Meaning
The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the nervous system.
Example
She specializes in neurology and treats patients with brain diseases.
Ella se especializa en neurología y trata a pacientes con enfermedades del cerebro.
B1 noun /skriːn/

Screen

pantalla
Meaning
a flat surface on which pictures or words are shown; a movable partition used to divide a room
Example
The movie was displayed on a large screen in the theater.
La película se proyectó en una pantalla grande en el teatro.
A2 adjective /ˈlʌv.li/

Lovely

hermoso; encantador; atractivo; agradable
Meaning
beautiful; charming; delightful; attractive
Example
What a lovely day for a picnic!
¡Qué día tan bonito para un picnic!
B2 verb /ˌpɜːrsəˈvɪr/

persevere

perseverar
Meaning
to continue trying to achieve something despite difficulty or delay
Example
He persevered through many failures before succeeding.
Él perseveró a través de muchos fracasos antes de tener éxito.
C1 noun /mɔːˈtæləti/

mortality

mortalidad
Meaning
the state of being subject to death; the death rate of a population
Example
Advancements in medicine have reduced child mortality significantly.
Los avances en medicina han reducido significativamente la mortalidad infantil.
B1 adverb /əˈlaʊd/

Aloud

en voz alta
Meaning
in a voice that can be heard; not silently
Example
Please read the instructions aloud so everyone can hear.
Por favor, lea las instrucciones en voz alta para que todos puedan escuchar.
A1 adjective /njuː/

new

nuevo
Meaning
recently made, discovered, or introduced; not existing before
Example
He bought a new car yesterday.
Él compró un coche nuevo ayer.
A1 noun /ˈbrek.fəst/

Breakfast

desayuno
Meaning
the first meal of the day, usually eaten in the morning
Example
I had cereal and toast for breakfast this morning.
Hoy por la mañana comí cereales y tostadas para el desayuno.
C2 adjective, adverb /ˈsaɪdlɔːŋ/

sidelong

mirada oblicua
Meaning
Directed to the side; indirect, furtive, or not straightforward.
Example
She gave him a sidelong glance across the room.
Ella le lanzó una mirada oblicua a través de la habitación.
C2 adjective ˌnjʊə.rəʊ.saɪənˈtɪ.fɪk

neuroscientific

relacionado con la neurociencia
Meaning
Related to the scientific study of the brain and nervous system.
Example
Neuroscientific research helps understand memory retention.
La investigación neurocientífica ayuda a entender la retención de la memoria.
C2 verb /ɜːrk/

irk

molestar
Meaning
to annoy or irritate someone
Example
It irks me when people are late without calling.
Me molesta cuando la gente llega tarde sin llamar.
B2 noun, verb /dɪˈfɔːlt/

default

incumplir
Meaning
failure to fulfill an obligation, especially to repay a loan
Example
The company defaulted on its loan payments.
La compañía incumplió con sus pagos de préstamo.
C2 adjective /mɔːrˈdeɪʃəs/

mordacious

agudo o sarcástico
Meaning
Sharp or biting in style, tone, or remark; sarcastic.
Example
The critic’s mordacious review offended the author.
La crítica mordaz del crítico ofendió al autor.
C1 noun /dɪˈsaɪ.pəl/

Disciple

discípulo; seguidor
Meaning
a follower and student of a teacher, leader, or philosopher; devoted follower
Example
The famous philosopher had many disciples who spread his teachings worldwide.
El famoso filósofo tenía muchos discípulos que difundieron sus enseñanzas por todo el mundo.
C1 adjective /həˈbɪtʃuəl/

habitual

habitual
Meaning
Done or doing constantly or as a habit; customary.
Example
He was a habitual latecomer to class.
Él era un habitual retrasado en clase.
C2 verb /ˈɔːreɪt/

orate

orar
Meaning
To speak in a formal, often pompous manner
Example
He began to orate at the ceremony.
Él comenzó a orar en la ceremonia.
B2 noun ˈdʒes.tʃərz

gestures

gestos
Meaning
Body movements, especially of hands, face, or body when speaking.
Example
Effective gestures add emphasis to a speech.
Los gestos efectivos añaden énfasis a un discurso.
C1 noun /tɪˈmɪdəti/

timidity

timidez
Meaning
lack of courage or self-confidence
Example
His timidity kept him from speaking up during the meeting.
Su timidez le impidió hablar durante la reunión.
A2 noun /əˈpɔɪnt.mənt/

Appointment

cita; nombramiento;
Meaning
an arrangement to meet someone at a particular time and place; the action of appointing someone to a job or position
Example
I have a doctor's appointment at 3 PM.
Tengo una cita con el doctor a las 3 PM.
B1 noun /sɛks/

sex

sexo
Meaning
the biological distinction between male and female; sexual activity
Example
He was asked about his sex at the doctor's office.
Se le preguntó sobre su sexo en el consultorio del médico.
C2 verb /kɔːk/

caulk

sellar
Meaning
to seal a crack or gap with a waterproof filler
Example
He caulked the window frames to stop the draft.
Él selló los marcos de las ventanas para detener la corriente de aire.
C2 noun /tʊˈriːn/

tureen

tureen
Meaning
A large deep dish with a cover, used for serving soups or stews.
Example
She brought the hot soup to the table in a silver tureen.
Ella trajo la sopa caliente a la mesa en una tureen plateada.
B1 noun ˌrek.ə.menˈdeɪ.ʃənz

recommendations

recomendaciones
Meaning
Suggestions or proposals as to the best course of action.
Example
The commission submitted their recommendations.
La comisión presentó sus recomendaciones.
C2 adjective /həˈmɑː.lə.ɡəs/

homologous

homólogo (estructura)
Meaning
Having the same relation, relative position, or structure, especially due to evolutionary origin.
Example
The wings of bats and the arms of humans are homologous structures.
Las alas de los murciélagos y los brazos de los humanos son estructuras homólogas.
B2 noun /ˈænθəm/

anthem

himno
Meaning
A song that is identified with a particular group, movement, or nation, often expressing pride or unity.
Example
The national anthem was played before the football match.
El himno nacional se tocó antes del partido de fútbol.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

physiological

relacionado con las funciones y actividades corporales
Meaning
Relating to bodily functions and activities.
Example
Exercise improves physiological functions of the body.
El ejercicio mejora las funciones fisiológicas del cuerpo.
C2 noun /ˈbeɪlɔːr/

bailor

depositante
Meaning
a person who temporarily transfers possession of goods or property to another under a bailment agreement
Example
The bailor entrusted the valuable artwork to the museum for safekeeping.
El depositante confió la obra de arte al museo.
C2 adjective /tɛnˈdɛnʃəs/

tendentious

tendencioso
Meaning
Expressing or promoting a particular cause or point of view, often biased.
Example
The article was criticized for its tendentious tone.
El artículo fue criticado por su tono tendencioso.
A2 conjunction /ˈniːðər/

neither

ni uno ni otro
Meaning
used to connect two negative alternatives
Example
Neither the manager nor the assistant could attend the meeting.
Ni el gerente ni el asistente pudieron asistir a la reunión.
C1 verb, noun /spraʊt/

sprout

brotar
Meaning
to begin to grow; to produce new leaves or shoots
Example
The seeds began to sprout after a few days of rain.
Las semillas comenzaron a brotar después de unos días de lluvia.
C1 noun /ˈsæf.rən/

Saffron

azafrán
Meaning
a deep yellow-orange color; an expensive spice derived from crocus flowers
Example
The saffron fabric looked beautiful in the sunlight.
La tela de azafrán se veía hermosa a la luz del sol.
B1 verb /ɪnˈfɔ:m/

inform

informar
Meaning
to tell someone about something; to give information
Example
Please inform me when you arrive at the airport.
por favor infórmame cuando llegues al aeropuerto.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfɪˈdɑːnt/

confidante

amiga de confianza
Meaning
A woman with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting her not to repeat it.
Example
The queen’s maid became her most trusted confidante.
La criada de la reina se convirtió en su confidente más confiable.
A1 noun ˈpɛrənts

Parents

padres
Meaning
One's father and mother.
Example
The family tree starts with the child's parents.
El árbol genealógico comienza con los padres del niño.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfɛst/

infest

infestar
Meaning
to overrun in large numbers, especially so as to cause damage or discomfort
Example
The old house was infested with rats.
La vieja casa estaba infestada de ratas.
B2 adjective /ˈlɪb.ər.əl/

Liberal

liberal; tolerante; generoso; progresista en pensamiento
Meaning
open-minded; tolerant; generous; progressive in thinking
Example
She has a liberal attitude towards different cultures and beliefs.
Ella tiene una actitud liberal hacia diferentes culturas y creencias.
C1 noun /ˈnɜr.tʃər/

Nurture

nutrición
Meaning
the process of caring for and encouraging growth or development
Example
Good parenting involves both nature and nurture.
La buena crianza involucra tanto la naturaleza como la nutrición.
A2 adverb /bɪˈjɒnd/

Beyond

más allá; fuera de los límites establecidos;
Meaning
further away than; exceeding; more than
Example
The mountains stretched beyond the horizon.
Las montañas se extendían más allá del horizonte.
B1 adjective /ˈrʊr.əl/

Rural

rural
Meaning
relating to the countryside; characteristic of farming or country life
Example
She grew up in a rural area far from the city.
Ella creció en una zona rural, lejos de la ciudad.
C2 adjective /ˈæbdʒɛkt/

abject

abyecto
Meaning
extremely bad, unpleasant, and degrading
Example
They lived in abject poverty.
Vivían en una pobreza abyecta.
C2 adjective /æbˈhɔːr.ənt/

Abhorrent

aborrecible; repugnante
Meaning
extremely unpleasant and causing disgust; detestable
Example
The idea of animal cruelty is abhorrent to most people.
La idea de la crueldad animal es aborrecible para la mayoría de la gente.
A2 adjective /draɪ/

Dry

seco; libre de humedad o líquido; sin interés o emoción
Meaning
free from moisture or liquid; not wet; lacking interest or excitement
Example
The desert has very dry climate.
El desierto tiene un clima muy seco.
C2 noun /ˈkoʊ.tə.ri/

coterie

un pequeño grupo exclusivo
Meaning
a small, exclusive group of people with shared interests
Example
He belonged to a coterie of artists who met every Friday.
Él pertenecía a un grupo de artistas que se reunían cada viernes.
A2 noun /ˈsen.tər/

center

centro
Meaning
A place or building designated for a particular activity or service.
Example
The first robotic surgery center was established in Rangpur.
El primer centro de cirugía robótica fue establecido en Rangpur.
C1 noun /ˈsɛmbləns/

Semblance

semblanza; apariencia
Meaning
the outward appearance or apparent form of something, especially when the reality is different
Example
There was only a semblance of order in the chaotic office.
Solo había una semblanza de orden en la oficina caótica
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈmer.ɪ.kən/

Pan-American

Panamericano
Meaning
relating to all the countries of North, Central, and South America
Example
The Pan-American Games bring together athletes from across the continent.
Los Juegos Panamericanos reúnen a atletas de todo el continente.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈkaɪnd/

Unkind

cruel; no amable
Meaning
cruel; not nice or caring toward others
Example
It was unkind of him to make fun of her appearance.
Fue cruel de su parte hacer burla de su apariencia.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈeɪliənəbl/

inalienable

inalienable
Meaning
Unable to be taken away or transferred; absolute and permanent.
Example
Freedom of speech is an inalienable right.
La libertad de expresión es un derecho inalienable.
B2 adverb /ʌnˈkaɪndli/

unkindly

cruelmente
Meaning
in a cruel, harsh, or unsympathetic manner
Example
She spoke unkindly about her colleague during the meeting.
Ella habló cruelmente de su colega durante la reunión.
A2 noun /ˈaɪtəm/

item

artículo
Meaning
A single thing, object, or unit, often part of a list or collection.
Example
Each item on the list must be checked carefully.
Cada artículo en la lista debe ser revisado cuidadosamente.
A1 noun /ˈprɒb.ləm/

Problem

problema
Meaning
a situation that causes difficulties and needs to be dealt with or solved
Example
We need to solve this problem quickly.
Necesitamos resolver este problema rápidamente.
C2 noun /ˈdæstərd/

dastard

cobarde
Meaning
a cowardly or dishonorable person
Example
Only a dastard would betray his closest friend.
Solo un cobarde traicionaría a su amigo más cercano.
C1 noun /ˌriːhəˌbɪlɪˈteɪʃən/

rehabilitation

felicidad
Meaning
the process of restoring someone or something to health or normal life through training or therapy
Example
After the accident, he went through months of rehabilitation to walk again.
Ella no pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 adjective /məˈləʊ.di.əs/

Melodious

melodioso
Meaning
having a pleasant musical sound; tuneful
Example
Her melodious voice captivated the entire audience.
Su voz melodiosa cautivó a toda la audiencia.
A2 noun /θɔːt/

thought

pensamiento
Meaning
an idea or opinion produced by thinking or considering something
Example
She had a sudden thought about the future.
Ella tuvo un pensamiento repentino sobre el futuro.
B1 noun /ˈfæktər/

factor

factor
Meaning
A circumstance, fact, or influence that contributes to a result.
Example
Weather is an important factor in crop production.
El clima es un factor importante en la producción de cultivos.
B2 noun /dʒʌŋk/

Junk

basura; chatarra
Meaning
old or discarded articles that are considered useless or of little value; things of poor quality
Example
He cleaned out the garage and threw away all the old junk.
Limpió el garaje y tiró toda la basura vieja.
B2 adjective /hɪˈspænɪk/

hispanic

hispánico / de habla española
Meaning
relating to Spain or Spanish-speaking countries, especially Latin America.
Example
She studies Hispanic culture and language.
Ella estudia la cultura y el idioma hispánico.
B2 noun draʊt

drought

sequía
Meaning
A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall; a shortage of water.
Example
Drought impacts crop growth significantly.
La sequía afecta significativamente el crecimiento de los cultivos.
C1 noun /fəˈrɒs.ə.ti/

ferocity

ferocidad, violencia, intensidad
Meaning
The state or quality of being ferocious; extreme fierceness or violence.
Example
The storm's ferocity was devastating.
La ferocidad de la tormenta fue devastadora.
B1 verb /ˈpʌnɪʃ/

punish

castigar
Meaning
to give a penalty for wrongdoing; to discipline
Example
The teacher will punish students who cheat.
El maestro castigará a los estudiantes que hagan trampa.
A2 verb /friːz/

freeze

congelar
Meaning
to become solid due to cold; to preserve by cold
Example
Water freezes at zero degrees Celsius.
El agua se congela a cero grados Celsius.
B2 verb, noun /ʃeɪv/

shave

afeitar
Meaning
To remove hair from the body, typically using a razor; the act of removing hair
Example
He likes to shave every morning before work.
Le gusta afeitarse todas las mañanas antes del trabajo.
C1 adjective /ˈæm.ɪ.kə.bəl/

amicable

amistoso
Meaning
Having a spirit of friendliness; without serious disagreement or rancor.
Example
They reached an amicable agreement.
Alcanzaron un acuerdo amistoso.
C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈkeɪʃən/

invocation

invocación
Meaning
the act of calling upon a higher power for help, blessing, or inspiration
Example
The ceremony began with an invocation to the gods.
La ceremonia comenzó con una invocación a los dioses.
C1 verb /rɪˈkuːpəreɪt/

recuperate

recuperarse
Meaning
to recover from illness or regain strength
Example
She went to the countryside to recuperate after surgery.
Ella fue al campo a recuperarse después de la cirugía.
B1 adjective /ˈmɑːrvələs/

Marvellous

maravilloso; asombroso; increíble
Meaning
extremely good; wonderful; causing great wonder
Example
The view from the mountain was marvellous.
La vista desde la montaña era maravillosa.
C1 adjective /ˈboʊɡəs/

bogus

falso
Meaning
false, fake, or not genuine
Example
The police arrested him for using a bogus ID card.
La policía lo arrestó por usar una tarjeta de identificación falsa.
C2 adjective /ɛɡˈzɪɡjuəs/

exiguous

escaso
Meaning
small in amount; scanty or inadequate
Example
They survived on exiguous rations during the journey.
Sobrevivieron con raciones exiguas durante el viaje.
C2 adjective /ˈfæl.oʊ/

fallow

barbecho
Meaning
Describing land that is left unplanted for a period to restore its fertility, allowing soil to recover nutrients and break pest and disease cycles.
Example
Farmers leave their fields fallow to restore soil fertility.
Los agricultores dejan sus campos en barbecho para restaurar la fertilidad del suelo.
B1 noun /ˈtʃær.ɪ.ti/

Charity

caridad; generosidad; altruismo
Meaning
the voluntary giving of help to those in need; kindness and tolerance in judging others
Example
The wealthy businessman donated millions to charity for education.
El empresario adinerado donó millones a la caridad para la educación.
A2 adjective /mɪkst/

mixed

mezclado
Meaning
consisting of different elements or having varied opinions or feelings
Example
The audience had mixed reactions to the film.
La audiencia tuvo reacciones mixtas hacia la película.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈfɛktɪd/

unaffected

inafectado, genuino
Meaning
Not influenced or touched by something; genuine and natural.
Example
He remained unaffected by the criticism and kept working hard.
Él permaneció sin verse afectado por la crítica y siguió trabajando duro.
C1 adjective ˌkɒn.ʃiˈen.ʃəs

conscientious

consciente
Meaning
Wishing to do what is right, especially to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly.
Example
A conscientious worker always delivers high-quality results.
Un trabajador consciente siempre entrega resultados de alta calidad.