exalt
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C1 verb /ɪɡˈzɔːlt/

exalt

exaltar, ensalzar
Meaning
to praise highly or raise in rank, honor, or power
Example
The community exalted the teacher for his dedication.
La comunidad exaltó al maestro por su dedicación.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈproʊtʃ/

reproach

reproche / crítica
Meaning
An expression of disapproval or disappointment; to criticize someone for doing wrong.
Example
She reproached him for arriving late to the meeting.
Ella le reprochó por llegar tarde a la reunión.
C2 adjective /ˌhɜːrkjʊˈliːən/

herculean

sumamente difícil
Meaning
Requiring great strength or effort; very difficult to perform.
Example
It was a herculean task to rebuild the city after the disaster.
Fue una tarea sumamente difícil reconstruir la ciudad después del desastre.
B2 verb /ˈæmplɪˌfaɪ/

amplify

amplificar
Meaning
to make sounds louder; to make something larger or more significant
Example
The microphone amplifies her voice.
El micrófono amplifica su voz.
C1 noun dɪˈtɜː.mɪ.nənt

determinant

factor determinante
Meaning
A factor that decisively affects the nature or outcome of something.
Example
Education is a key determinant of success.
La educación es un factor determinante del éxito.
C2 noun /proʊˈdʒɛnɪtər/

progenitor

antepasado
Meaning
a direct ancestor; a person or thing that originates something
Example
Researchers traced the custom back to a common progenitor.
Los investigadores rastrearon la costumbre hasta un antepasado común.
C1 noun ˈflɔː.rə ænd ˈfɔː.nə

flora and fauna

flora y fauna
Meaning
The plants and animals of a particular region, habitat, or geological period.
Example
The Galápagos Islands have unique flora and fauna.
Las Islas Galápagos tienen una flora y fauna únicas.
C2 noun /kəˈrɑːləri/

corollary

consecuencia directa o natural
Meaning
a direct or natural consequence or result
Example
One corollary of the new policy was increased public awareness.
Una consecuencia de la nueva política fue el aumento de la conciencia pública.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/

inclusive

inclusivo
Meaning
Including all the services, facilities, or items normally expected or required; not excluding any section of society or any party involved.
Example
Inclusive growth benefits all sections of society.
El crecimiento inclusivo beneficia a todas las secciones de la sociedad.
A2 verb /lɪft/

lift

levantar
Meaning
to raise or move upward; to pick up
Example
He lifted the heavy box with effort.
Él levantó la caja pesada con esfuerzo.
C2 noun /sʌbˈɔːl.tən/

subaltern

persona en una posición subordinada; en el ejército, un oficial joven
Meaning
A person holding a subordinate position; in the military, a junior officer.
Example
The subaltern was responsible for leading a small platoon of soldiers.
El subalterno era responsable de dirigir un pequeño pelotón de soldados.
B1 verb /ˈfɛri/

ferry

transportar en ferry
Meaning
to transport by boat; to carry back and forth
Example
The boat ferried passengers across the river.
El bote transportó a los pasajeros a través del río.
A1 modal verb, noun /meɪ/

may

puede ser / mes de mayo
Meaning
Used to express possibility, permission, or uncertainty; also the name of the fifth month of the year.
Example
You may leave early if you finish your work.
Puedes irte temprano si terminas tu trabajo.
A1 noun /ˈpɪk.tʃər/

Picture

imagen
Meaning
a visual representation such as a painting, drawing, or photograph
Example
There is a beautiful picture hanging on the wall.
Hay una hermosa imagen colgada en la pared.
B1 adjective /ɪnˈkrɛdəbl/

incredible

increíble
Meaning
so extraordinary that it is hard to believe; amazing
Example
The view from the mountain was incredible.
La vista desde la montaña fue increíble.
C1 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Ceremonial

ceremonial
Meaning
relating to or used in ceremonies; formal and ritualistic
Example
The ceremonial dress was worn during the royal wedding.
El vestido ceremonial se usó durante la boda real.
C1 verb /diːˈkoʊd/

decode

decodificar
Meaning
to convert a coded message into a readable form; to interpret meaning
Example
The software can decode the hidden message within seconds.
El software puede decodificar el mensaje oculto en segundos.
A2 adjective /kəˈrɛkt/

correct

correcto
Meaning
free from error; accurate
Example
The answer she gave was correct.
La respuesta que dio fue correcta.
B2 verb /skoʊld/

scold

regañar
Meaning
to criticize angrily; to rebuke
Example
The teacher scolded the students for being late.
La maestra regañó a los estudiantes por llegar tarde.
A1 pronoun /hiː/

he

él (masculino)
Meaning
used to refer to a male person or animal already mentioned or easily identified
Example
He is my best friend.
Él es mi mejor amigo.
C1 noun /ˌprəʊ.baɪˈɒt.ɪks/

probiotics

probióticos
Meaning
Live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits to the host, especially for digestive health.
Example
Probiotics improve digestion and enhance gut health.
Los probióticos mejoran la digestión y promueven la salud intestinal.
B1 adjective /ˈsoʊ kɔːld/

so-called

supuesto
Meaning
referred to as or known by a particular name or title, often misleadingly
Example
The so-called expert couldn't answer the question.
El supuesto experto no pudo responder la pregunta.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

vitamina
Meaning
a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.
Las frutas y verduras son fuentes ricas en vitaminas.
B2 verb /ˈraɪpən/

ripen

felicidad
Meaning
to become or make something ready to eat or fully developed
Example
The bananas ripened quickly in the warm weather.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 adjective /ˈrɛzənənt/

resonant

resonante
Meaning
Deep, clear, and continuing to sound or echo.
Example
The resonant voice of the speaker filled the hall.
La voz resonante del orador llenó la sala.
C1 adjective /hɜːrˈbɪv.ər.əs/

Herbivorous

herbívoro
Meaning
feeding on plants; plant-eating
Example
Cows are herbivorous animals that graze on grass.
Las vacas son animales herbívoros que pastan en la hierba.
C1 verb /rɪˈsɜːrdʒ/

resurge

resurgir
Meaning
To rise, increase, or become active again after a decline.
Example
Interest in traditional crafts has begun to resurge.
El interés en las artesanías tradicionales ha comenzado a resurgir.
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

pálido
Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
Su rostro se volvió pálido cuando escuchó la terrible noticia.
B1 noun /ɪnˌvɛs.tɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

investigation

investigación
Meaning
the process of inquiring into or examining something carefully to find the truth
Example
The investigation revealed new evidence about the fraud.
La investigación reveló nuevas pruebas sobre el fraude.
B1 noun /əˈpɪn.jən/

Opinion

opinión
Meaning
a view or judgment formed about something; a belief or assessment based on grounds short of proof
Example
In my opinion, this is the best solution.
En mi opinión, esta es la mejor solución.
B1 adjective ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk

scientific

científico
Meaning
Based on or characterized by the methods and principles of science.
Example
Scientific discoveries continue to shape our understanding of the world.
Los descubrimientos científicos siguen dando forma a nuestra comprensión del mundo.
C2 noun /ˌræʃioʊsɪˈneɪʃən/

ratiocination

razonamiento
Meaning
the process of reasoning or logical thinking
Example
His ratiocination impressed the judges during the debate.
Su razonamiento impresionó a los jueces durante el debate.
B2 noun /heɪst/

Haste

prisa; urgencia
Meaning
swiftness of motion; urgent need of quick action; excessive speed or urgency
Example
In his haste to catch the train, he forgot to take his wallet from the table.
En su prisa por coger el tren, olvidó tomar su billetera de la mesa.
B1 adverb /ˈfriːli/

Freely

libremente; sin restricciones;
Meaning
without restriction; openly; willingly
Example
She spoke freely about her experiences during the interview.
Ella habló libremente sobre sus experiencias durante la entrevista.
C1 noun /ˈpæstər/

pastor

pastor
Meaning
a minister in charge of a Christian church or congregation
Example
The pastor delivered a heartfelt sermon on compassion.
El pastor dio un sermón lleno de compasión.
A1 noun /ˈsændwɪtʃ/

sandwich

sándwich
Meaning
two pieces of bread with food such as meat, cheese, or salad between them
Example
I made a chicken sandwich for lunch.
Hice un sándwich de pollo para el almuerzo.
B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɜrnəli/

externally

externamente
Meaning
in a way that relates to the outer surface or outside appearance
Example
The building appeared externally modern, but inside it was quite old-fashioned.
El edificio parecía externamente moderno, pero por dentro era bastante anticuado.
C1 noun /ˌspɒn.təˈneɪ.ɪ.ti/

spontaneity

espontaneidad
Meaning
The quality of being spontaneous; natural and unplanned behavior.
Example
His spontaneity makes him a great conversationalist.
Su espontaneidad lo convierte en un gran conversador.
B2 noun /ˈbɪʃəp/

bishop

obispo
Meaning
a senior member of the Christian clergy, usually in charge of a diocese and empowered to confer holy orders.
Example
The bishop delivered a powerful sermon during Sunday service.
El obispo dio un poderoso sermón durante el servicio del domingo.
B2 verb /kənˈfaɪd/

confide

confiar
Meaning
To tell someone about a secret or private matter while trusting them not to repeat it.
Example
He confided his worries to his best friend.
Él confió sus preocupaciones a su mejor amigo.
B2 noun/verb /ˈbʌfər/

buffer

amortiguador / absorbente de impacto
Meaning
Something that lessens or absorbs the impact of a shock; to act as a protective barrier.
Example
The organization acts as a buffer between workers and management.
La organización actúa como un amortiguador entre los trabajadores y la gerencia.
B1 noun /ˌɒp.əˈtjuː.nə.ti/

opportunity

oportunidad
Meaning
A favorable chance or set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something.
Example
She seized the opportunity to study abroad.
Ella aprovechó la oportunidad de estudiar en el extranjero.
C1 noun /ˌdɛməˈlɪʃən/

demolition

demolición
Meaning
the act or process of destroying a building or structure
Example
The demolition of the old factory took several weeks.
La demolición de la antigua fábrica tomó varias semanas.
C1 noun /ˈrɛɡjəleɪtər/

regulator

regulador
Meaning
a person or device that controls or maintains the operation of a system
Example
The government appointed a new regulator for the financial sector.
El gobierno nombró un nuevo regulador para el sector financiero.
A1 adjective (superlative) /ˈɡreɪ.tɪst/

greatest

el más grande
Meaning
The highest degree of greatness; the most outstanding or important.
Example
He is considered one of the greatest leaders of all time.
Él es considerado uno de los más grandes líderes de todos los tiempos.
B2 noun /dʌv/

Dove

paloma
Meaning
a small, gentle bird with soft cooing sounds, often white and symbolizing peace
Example
The white dove flew peacefully across the blue sky.
La paloma blanca voló pacíficamente por el cielo azul.
B1 adjective /brɔːd/

Broad

ancho; extenso; que cubre una gran área
Meaning
wide; extensive; covering a large area
Example
The river is very broad at this point.
El río es muy ancho en este punto.
C2 verb /prəˈpaʊnd/

propound

proponer
Meaning
To put forward an idea, theory, or point for consideration.
Example
The professor propounded a new theory on climate change.
El profesor propuso una nueva teoría sobre el cambio climático.
A2 noun/verb /kɔːz/

cause

causa / causar
Meaning
a person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition; to make something happen
Example
The heavy rain caused flooding in the city.
La lluvia fuerte causó inundaciones en la ciudad.
C2 noun (plural) /ˈlɪniəmənts/

lineaments

rasgos del rostro
Meaning
The features or distinctive characteristics of the face or body.
Example
The lineaments of his face were sharp and stern.
Los rasgos de su rostro eran agudos y severos.
C1 verb ˈsɪn.θə.saɪ.zɪŋ

synthesizing

sintetizar, combinar, presentar de forma coherente
Meaning
Combine (a number of things) into a coherent whole.
Example
He excels in synthesizing ideas from different sources.
Él sobresale en sintetizar ideas de diferentes fuentes.
A2 adjective /fɪfθ/

fifth

quinto
Meaning
constituting number five in a sequence
Example
She lives on the fifth floor of the building.
Ella vive en el quinto piso del edificio.
C1 adjective /vəˈluː.mə.nəs/

voluminous

voluminoso, grande, expansivo
Meaning
Occupying or containing much space; large in volume, in particular.
Example
The library contained a voluminous collection of books.
La biblioteca tenía una colección voluminosa de libros.
A1 noun /kloʊðz/

clothes

ropa
Meaning
garments worn on the body
Example
She bought new clothes for the party.
Ella compró ropa nueva para la fiesta.
B2 verb /ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/

prosecute

procesar
Meaning
to institute legal proceedings against someone
Example
The lawyer decided to prosecute the case after gathering sufficient evidence.
El abogado decidió procesar el caso después de reunir suficiente evidencia.
C1 noun /ˈkeɪ.sɪŋ/

Casing

cobertura; carcasa
Meaning
a cover or shell that protects or encloses something
Example
The mechanic removed the engine casing to examine the internal parts.
El mecánico quitó la carcasa del motor para examinar las piezas internas.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsæn.ə.ti/

Insanity

locura; demencia
Meaning
the state of being seriously mentally ill; extreme foolishness or irrationality
Example
The defense lawyer argued that his client was not guilty by reason of insanity.
El abogado defensor argumentó que su cliente no era culpable por razón de locura.
B2 adverb /mɪdst/

Midst

en medio de; entre
Meaning
in the middle of; among
Example
She stood in the midst of the crowd.
Ella estaba de pie en medio de la multitud.
B2 adjective /ɔːˈθen.tɪk/

Authentic

auténtico; genuino; real; no falso
Meaning
genuine; real; not fake or copied
Example
The museum displays only authentic artifacts from ancient civilizations.
El museo exhibe solo artefactos auténticos de civilizaciones antiguas.
C2 adjective ˈen.də.krɪn

endocrine

endocrino
Meaning
Relating to or denoting glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood.
Example
The endocrine system regulates metabolism and growth.
El sistema endocrino regula el metabolismo y el crecimiento.
B2 adjective ˈmem.ər.ə.bəl

memorable

memorable
Meaning
Worth remembering or easily remembered, especially because of being special or unusual.
Example
Memorable events inspire generations.
Los eventos memorables inspiran generaciones.
C1 noun /ˈpiː.kɒk ˈflaʊ.ər/

Peacock flower

flor de pavo real
Meaning
a tropical tree with bright orange and red flowers that resemble a peacock's tail
Example
The peacock flower tree blooms with stunning orange flowers in summer.
El árbol de flor de pavo real florece con flores naranjas impresionantes en verano.
C2 adjective, noun /pləˈbiːən/

plebian

común, del pueblo
Meaning
alternate spelling of 'plebeian'; common or ordinary
Example
His tastes were rather plebian, favoring simple food and clothes.
Sus gustos eran bastante comunes, prefiriendo comida y ropa simples.
A2 verb /riːˈsaɪ.kəl/

recycle

reciclar
Meaning
to process used materials so they can be used again instead of being thrown away
Example
We should recycle paper and plastic to reduce waste.
Debemos reciclar papel y plástico para reducir los residuos.
C1 noun /ˈflæn.əl/

Flannel

flanela
Meaning
a soft woven fabric, typically made of wool or cotton and slightly milled and raised
Example
He wore a warm flannel shirt in winter.
Él usó una camisa de flanela cálida en invierno.
C1 adjective ɪˌɡæl.ɪˈteə.ri.ən

egalitarian

igualitario
Meaning
Believing in or based on the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.
Example
The new law promotes an egalitarian society.
La nueva ley promueve una sociedad igualitaria.
B2 adjective /ˈmɪl.ki waɪt/

Milky white

blanco lechoso
Meaning
a pure white color resembling milk
Example
The clouds looked milky white against the blue sky.
Las nubes se veían blancas como la leche contra el cielo azul.
B1 noun /mæsk/

Mask

máscara
Meaning
covering for the face or head; disguise or protection
Example
She wore a mask to protect herself from dust.
Ella llevaba una máscara para protegerse del polvo.
B1 noun /ˈɡɑːr.bɪdʒ/

Garbage

basura; desechos
Meaning
waste material; refuse or litter; something worthless or meaningless
Example
Please take out the garbage before the collection truck arrives tomorrow morning.
Por favor, saque la basura antes de que llegue el camión de recolección mañana por la mañana.
B2 adjective /kruːd/

crude

crudo
Meaning
in a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined
Example
The crude oil is processed into fuel and chemicals.
El petróleo crudo se procesa en combustible y productos químicos.
A2 noun /ˈeɪn.dʒəl/

Angel

ángel
Meaning
a spiritual being believed to act as an attendant, agent, or messenger of God
Example
She looked like an angel in her white dress.
Ella parecía un ángel con su vestido blanco.
C1 noun /ˈlɪɡ.əmənt/

ligament

tejido ligamento
Meaning
A tough band of tissue that connects bones at a joint.
Example
He tore a ligament in his knee while playing football.
Se rompió un ligamento en su rodilla mientras jugaba al fútbol.
A2 noun /ˈkʌm.fərt/

Comfort

confort; comodidad
Meaning
a state of physical ease and freedom from pain or constraint; relief from distress or anxiety
Example
The soft sofa provided great comfort after a long day at work.
El sofá suave proporcionó un gran confort después de un largo día de trabajo.
B2 adjective /kənˈtɛntɪd/

contented

satisfecho
Meaning
Feeling or expressing happiness and satisfaction.
Example
She was contented with her simple life.
Ella estaba satisfecha con su vida simple.
B2 noun /ˈreɪ.zən/

Raisin

pasa
Meaning
dried grape
Example
She added raisins to the oatmeal cookies for extra sweetness.
Ella añadió pasas a las galletas de avena para más dulzura.
C2 noun /ˈrɛkluːsəri/

reclusory

lugar de retiro
Meaning
A place for seclusion or retreat, especially for a recluse or hermit.
Example
The monk spent years in the reclusory away from society.
El monje pasó años en el lugar de retiro alejado de la sociedad.
C1 adjective /dɪˈspɪrɪtɪd/

dispirited

desanimado
Meaning
Having lost enthusiasm, hope, or confidence; dejected.
Example
After losing the match, the team looked dispirited.
Después de perder el partido, el equipo se veía desanimado.
B1 adjective ˈpræktɪkəl

practical

práctico
Meaning
Concerned with actual use rather than theory; realistic and sensible.
Example
A practical approach is needed for solving complex problems.
Se necesita un enfoque práctico para resolver problemas complejos.
C1 adjective /ˈdɪn.dʒi/

Dingy

sucio y sombrío; de color apagado
Meaning
dark and dirty; gloomy; dull in color
Example
The old building had dingy walls that needed painting.
El viejo edificio tenía paredes sucias que necesitaban pintura.
C1 adjective /ˈpærəmaʊnt/

paramount

de suma importancia
Meaning
more important than anything else; supreme
Example
Safety is of paramount importance in this factory.
La seguridad es de suma importancia en esta fábrica.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

incomplete

incompleto
Meaning
Not finished, lacking some parts or not whole.
Example
Her report was incomplete and needed further details.
Su informe estaba incompleto y necesitaba más detalles.
C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ɑːk/

Monarch

monarca
Meaning
a sovereign ruler, especially a king or queen
Example
The monarch addressed the nation on television.
El monarca dirigió la nación en la televisión.
C1 adverb /ˈfɜː.vənt.li/

Fervently

con fervor; ardientemente;
Meaning
with passionate intensity; ardently; with great emotion or enthusiasm
Example
She fervently hoped that her dreams would come true.
Ella esperaba fervientemente que sus sueños se hicieran realidad.
B2 noun /ˈmæt.rəs/

Mattress

colchón
Meaning
a large rectangular pad for supporting the reclining body, used as or on a bed
Example
We bought a new mattress for our bedroom.
Compramos un colchón nuevo para nuestra habitación.
B2 verb /ˈvænɪʃ/

vanish

desaparecer
Meaning
to disappear suddenly; to become invisible
Example
The magician made the rabbit vanish from the hat.
El mago hizo desaparecer al conejo del sombrero.
C2 verb /ˈkælsɪfaɪ/

calcify

volverse rígido por depósito de sales de calcio
Meaning
To harden by deposition of calcium salts; to become rigid or inflexible.
Example
Over time, the tissue began to calcify and lose flexibility.
Con el tiempo, el tejido comenzó a calcificarse y perdió flexibilidad.
C2 adverb /əˈmʌk/

amuck

de manera descontrolada
Meaning
in a frenzied, uncontrolled, or chaotic manner
Example
The bull ran amuck through the village.
El toro corrió de manera descontrolada por el pueblo.
C1 noun /plaɪt/

Plight

dificultad; situación desafortunada
Meaning
a dangerous, difficult, or unfortunate situation
Example
The refugees were in a desperate plight.
Los refugiados estaban en una difícil situación.
B2 verb /ˈskætər/

scatter

esparcir
Meaning
to spread or throw around in different directions
Example
The wind scattered the leaves across the yard.
El viento dispersó las hojas por el jardín.
B2 noun /dɪsˈpoʊzl/

disposal

eliminación
Meaning
the action or process of getting rid of something
Example
The disposal of waste is crucial for maintaining a clean environment.
La eliminación de residuos es crucial para mantener un ambiente limpio.
C1 adjective ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.lənt

vigilant

vigilante
Meaning
Keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties; alert and watchful.
Example
The guards remained vigilant throughout the night.
Los guardias permanecieron vigilantes toda la noche.
B2 verb /kənˈsɒl.ɪ.deɪt/

consolidate

consolidar
Meaning
To combine things in order to make them more effective or easier to handle.
Example
The company aims to consolidate its market position.
La compañía tiene como objetivo consolidar su posición en el mercado.
C1 noun /ˈnʌt.meg/

Nut meg

nuez moscada
Meaning
a spice made from the seed of the fruit of an evergreen tree, used in cooking and baking
Example
The recipe called for a teaspoon of ground nutmeg to flavor the custard.
La receta requería una cucharadita de nuez moscada molida para dar sabor a la crema pastelera.
C2 noun /ˈbɒnəmi/

bonhomie

bonhomía
Meaning
Cheerful friendliness and geniality.
Example
The meeting was filled with laughter and bonhomie.
La reunión estaba llena de risas y bonhomía.
C2 verb /kəˈdʒoʊl/

cajole

engatusar
Meaning
To persuade someone to do something by flattery or gentle urging.
Example
She managed to cajole her friend into joining the trip.
Ella logró engatusar a su amiga para que se uniera al viaje.
B2 adjective /ˈtʌtʃ.ɪŋ/

Touching

conmovedor; emotivo
Meaning
causing feelings of sympathy or emotion; moving
Example
The touching story brought tears to everyone's eyes.
La conmovedora historia hizo que todos se llenaran de lágrimas.
C2 noun /məˈrɔː.dər/

marauder

merodeador
Meaning
a person who roams around in search of things to steal or people to attack
Example
Villagers feared the marauders who raided their homes.
Los aldeanos temían a los merodeadores que asaltaban sus casas.
B2 verb /rɪˈtriːv/

retrieve

recuperar
Meaning
to get something back that was lost or taken; to recover
Example
She managed to retrieve her lost phone from the taxi.
Ella logró recuperar su teléfono perdido del taxi.
C2 noun /ˈkær.ə.weɪ siːdz/

Caraway seeds

semillas de alcaravea
Meaning
aromatic seeds of the caraway plant used as a spice in cooking and baking
Example
The bread was flavored with caraway seeds.
El pan estaba aromatizado con semillas de alcaravea.
C1 noun /prɪˈdɒmɪnəns/

predominance

preponderancia
Meaning
The state of being greater in number, strength, or importance.
Example
The predominance of online shopping has changed retail forever.
La preponderancia de las compras en línea ha cambiado el comercio minorista para siempre.
B1 noun /bɑːn/

barn

granero
Meaning
a large building used for storing grain or housing farm animals
Example
The farmer keeps his cows in the barn.
El granjero guarda sus vacas en el granero.
B2 adjective /dɪsˈɡreɪsfəl/

Disgraceful

vergonzoso; deshonroso; digno de condena
Meaning
shameful; bringing dishonor; worthy of condemnation
Example
His disgraceful behavior shocked everyone at the party.
Su comportamiento vergonzoso sorprendió a todos en la fiesta.
C1 noun /ˌræʃəˈnæl/

rationale

razón subyacente
Meaning
the underlying reason or explanation for something
Example
The rationale behind his decision was clearly explained.
La razón detrás de su decisión fue claramente explicada.
C1 noun /ˈpær.ə.kiːt/

Parakeet

periquito
Meaning
a small colorful parrot with a long tail, often kept as a pet
Example
The green parakeet learned to say hello.
El periquito verde aprendió a decir hola.
C2 noun /ˈvɔːdəvɪl/

vaudeville

vaudeville
Meaning
A type of entertainment popular in the early 20th century, featuring a mixture of comedy, song, dance, and variety acts.
Example
The vaudeville show included comedians, magicians, and dancers.
El espectáculo de vaudeville incluía comediantes, magos y bailarines.
C2 verb /dʌn/

dun

exigir el pago de una deuda
Meaning
to demand payment of a debt persistently
Example
The landlord dunned the tenant for unpaid rent.
El arrendador exigió al inquilino el alquiler impago.
B2 noun ˈbɛntʃˌmɑːr.kɪŋ

benchmarking

definición de estándares y análisis comparativo
Meaning
Comparing with a specific industry or competitor to set the best standards.
Example
Companies use benchmarking to assess their performance.
Las empresas utilizan el benchmarking para evaluar su rendimiento.
C1 noun /ˈmelənkəli/

Melancholy

melancolía; tristeza pensativa o suave
Meaning
A feeling of pensive sadness; thoughtful or gentle sadness
Example
A deep melancholy settled over him after reading the old letters.
Una profunda melancolía se apoderó de él después de leer las viejas cartas.
A1 adverb /bɪˈhaɪnd/

Behind

detrás
Meaning
at the back of; following; lagging
Example
The car behind us was honking.
El coche detrás de nosotros estaba tocando la bocina.
A2 verb /sɑːlv/

solve

resolver
Meaning
to find an answer to a problem or question; to resolve a difficulty
Example
The detective finally solved the mysterious case.
El detective finalmente resolvió el caso misterioso.
C1 noun ˈiːkəʊˌsɪstəm ˈsɜːvɪsɪz

ecosystem services

servicios ecosistémicos
Meaning
The benefits people obtain from ecosystems.
Example
Forests provide valuable ecosystem services, such as purifying air and water.
Los bosques proporcionan valiosos servicios ecosistémicos, como la purificación del aire y el agua.
C1 noun /ˌpɜːrspəˈreɪʃn/

perspiration

transpiración
Meaning
The process of sweating.
Example
Heavy exercise causes perspiration.
El ejercicio pesado causa transpiración.
C1 adjective /ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtuːɪtɪv/

counterintuitive

contradictorio
Meaning
contrary to what one would intuitively expect
Example
His approach seems counterintuitive but it actually works.
Su enfoque parece contradictorio, pero en realidad funciona.
B2 noun /ˈkænən/

Cannon

cañón
Meaning
large heavy gun that fires cannonballs or shells
Example
The castle was defended by several large cannons.
El castillo fue defendido por varios grandes cañones.
B1 preposition /θruːˈaʊt/

throughout

a lo largo
Meaning
in every part of a place or during the whole time of an event
Example
She worked throughout the night.
Ella trabajó toda la noche.
C1 noun /nɪərˈvɑːnə/

nirvana

nirvana
Meaning
A state of perfect happiness, peace, and freedom from suffering; in Buddhism, the ultimate goal of liberation.
Example
Meditation helps some people seek nirvana in their lives.
La meditacion ayuda a algunas personas a buscar el nirvana en sus vidas.
C2 adjective /ˈməʊdɪʃ/

modish

a la moda
Meaning
conforming to or following current fashion or style
Example
She wore a modish outfit that caught everyone’s attention.
Ella llevaba un conjunto modish que atrajo la atención de todos.
A1 noun /fʌn/

fun

diversión
Meaning
enjoyment, amusement, or light-hearted pleasure
Example
We had a lot of fun at the party.
Nos divertimos mucho en la fiesta.
B1 noun /kəˈrɛkʃən/

correction

corrección
Meaning
the action or process of correcting something
Example
The teacher made a correction to the student's essay.
El profesor hizo una corrección en el ensayo del estudiante.
C2 noun /loʊd/

lode

vetas minerales
Meaning
A rich source of something, often a vein of valuable metal in the earth.
Example
The miners discovered a rich lode of silver.
Los mineros descubrieron una rica veta de plata.
C1 noun /mælˈpræktɪs/

Malpractice

mala praxis
Meaning
Improper, illegal, or negligent professional behavior
Example
The surgeon was sued for malpractice after the failed operation.
El cirujano fue demandado por mala praxis después de la operación fallida.