democrat
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B2 noun /ˈdɛməˌkræt/

democrat

demócrata
Meaning
a supporter of democracy or a member of the Democratic Party in the US
Example
He is a strong democrat who believes in equal rights.
Él es un demócrata fuerte que cree en los derechos iguales.
B2 noun /ˈlɒtəri/

lottery

lotería
Meaning
A means of raising money by selling numbered tickets and giving prizes to the holders of numbers drawn at random.
Example
He won a car in the national lottery.
Ganó un coche en la lotería nacional.
C1 noun /ˈnɛktəriːn/

nectarine

néctarina (variedad de durazno de piel lisa)
Meaning
A smooth-skinned variety of peach.
Example
She bought a basket of fresh nectarines from the market.
Ella compró una canasta de nectarinas frescas del mercado.
C1 noun /ˈsɑːri/

Saree

sari
Meaning
a garment consisting of a length of cotton or silk elaborately draped around the body, traditionally worn by women from South Asia
Example
She looked elegant in her red silk saree at the festival.
Ella lucía elegante con su sari de seda roja en el festival.
C1 noun /ˈkwæɡˌmaɪər/

quagmire

pantano, embrollo
Meaning
a soft, wet area of land that gives way underfoot; a complex or dangerous situation
Example
The hikers were trapped in a political quagmire.
Los excursionistas quedaron atrapados en un embrollo político.
B1 verb /stɛə/

stare

mirar fijamente
Meaning
to look at something with a fixed gaze
Example
She stared at the painting for hours.
Ella miró fijamente la pintura durante horas.
B2 adjective ˈteɪləd

tailored

hecho a medida
Meaning
Made or adapted for a particular purpose or person.
Example
He wore a tailored suit that complemented his physique perfectly.
Él llevaba un traje hecho a medida que complementaba perfectamente su físico.
C1 noun /ˈfɪʃ.ər/

fissure

fisura
Meaning
a long, narrow opening or crack in a surface or object
Example
The earthquake caused a deep fissure in the road.
El terremoto causó una fisura profunda en la carretera.
C1 noun /dɪˈfen.dənt/

Defendant

demandado
Meaning
an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law
Example
The defendant pleaded not guilty to all charges brought against him.
El demandado se declaró no culpable de todos los cargos en su contra.
B1 noun /ˌpɒp.jəˈlær.ə.ti/

Popularity

popularidad
Meaning
the state of being liked, admired, or supported by many people
Example
The singer's popularity has grown rapidly this year.
La popularidad del cantante ha crecido rápidamente este año.
B1 verb /daɪn/

dine

cenar
Meaning
to eat a meal, especially the main meal of the day
Example
We usually dine at seven o'clock in the evening.
Normalmente cenamos a las siete de la tarde.
C2 adjective /ˌæntɪˈθɛtɪkəl/

antithetical

antitético
Meaning
Directly opposed or contrasted; mutually incompatible.
Example
His views were antithetical to the values of the organization.
Sus puntos de vista eran antitéticos a los valores de la organización.
C1 noun ˌɒb.səˈlɛs.əns

obsolescence

obsolescencia
Meaning
The process of becoming obsolete or outdated and no longer used.
Example
The rapid advancement of technology leads to the obsolescence of old devices.
El rápido avance de la tecnología provoca la obsolescencia de los dispositivos antiguos.
C1 adjective /məˈnæstɪk/

monastic

monástico
Meaning
Relating to monks, monasteries, or a life of religious seclusion.
Example
He chose to live a monastic life away from the city.
Eligió vivir una vida monástica lejos de la ciudad.
B2 adjective /ˌʌn.kəʊˈɒp.ər.ə.tɪv/

uncooperative

poco cooperativo
Meaning
not willing to help or work with others; unhelpful
Example
The witness was uncooperative and refused to answer questions.
El testigo fue poco cooperativo y se negó a responder preguntas.
B1 noun /ˈbaɪər/

buyer

comprador
Meaning
a person who makes a purchase
Example
The buyer inspected the car before making payment.
El comprador inspeccionó el coche antes de realizar el pago.
C1 noun /ˈnɔːrmən/

Norman

normando
Meaning
A member of a people of mixed Scandinavian and Frankish origin who settled in Normandy, or relating to their culture.
Example
The Normans conquered England in 1066.
Los normandos conquistaron Inglaterra en 1066.
C2 noun /ˈvɛrɪti/

verity

veracidad
Meaning
a true principle or belief; the state of being true
Example
The verity of his statement was confirmed by evidence.
La veracidad de su declaración fue confirmada por evidencia.
C1 noun /mɪˈlɪʃə/

militia

milicia
Meaning
a group of ordinary people who are trained to act as soldiers in emergencies
Example
The village formed a militia to defend against attacks.
El pueblo formó una milicia para defenderse de los ataques.
A1 determiner/pronoun /ˈɛni/

any

cualquiera
Meaning
one, some, or all, without specifying which
Example
Do you have any questions?
¿Tienes alguna pregunta?
C1 adjective /prəˈvoʊkɪŋ/

Provoking

provocador
Meaning
causing anger or strong reaction; irritating; stimulating
Example
His provoking comments made everyone angry.
Sus comentarios provocadores hicieron que todos se enojaran.
B2 noun ˈtrækɪŋ ˈprɒɡrɛs

tracking progress

seguimiento del progreso
Meaning
The process of monitoring and evaluating advancement towards goals or objectives.
Example
Regular tracking progress helps in achieving long-term goals.
El seguimiento regular del progreso ayuda a alcanzar metas a largo plazo.
C1 adjective /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/

igneous

ígnea
Meaning
Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Example
Granite is an igneous rock commonly used in construction.
El granito es una roca ígnea que se utiliza comúnmente en la construcción.
B2 adverb /ˈædɪkwətli/

adequately

de manera adecuada
Meaning
in a satisfactory manner
Example
He completed the task adequately, but could improve next time.
Completó la tarea de manera adecuada, pero podría mejorar la próxima vez.
C2 noun /ˌɔːskʌlˈteɪʃən/

auscultation

auscultación
Meaning
The act of listening to internal sounds of the body, typically using a stethoscope.
Example
The doctor performed auscultation to check the patient’s lungs.
El médico realizó la auscultación para revisar los pulmones del paciente.
B1 noun /ˈsæl.ər.i/

Salary

salario
Meaning
a fixed regular payment, typically paid on a monthly basis
Example
She receives a good salary for her work as a teacher.
Ella recibe un buen salario por su trabajo como profesora.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈfɛtərd/

unfettered

libre
Meaning
not restricted or confined; free
Example
The artist enjoyed unfettered freedom of expression.
El artista disfrutó de la libertad ilimitada de expresión.
C2 noun /ˈhaɪdrə/

hydra

hidra
Meaning
a many-headed serpent in Greek mythology; a problem that seems to grow worse when attempts are made to solve it
Example
Corruption is like a hydra, hard to defeat completely.
La corrupción es como una hidra, difícil de derrotar completamente.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.mɑːˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Demarcation

demarcación
Meaning
the action of fixing the boundary or limits of something; separation or division
Example
The demarcation between public and private land was clearly marked.
La demarcación entre tierras públicas y privadas estaba claramente marcada.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnæmərd/

enamored

enamorado
Meaning
filled with love or admiration
Example
He became enamored with classical music after attending the concert.
Se enamoró de la música clásica después de asistir al concierto.
C1 noun /əˈpɒlədʒɪst/

apologist

defensor
Meaning
a person who defends or justifies something, often a controversial belief or institution
Example
He is known as an apologist for authoritarian regimes.
Él es conocido como un defensor de los regímenes autoritarios.
B2 noun /vɒlˈkæn.ɪk ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

volcanic eruption

erupción volcánica
Meaning
The discharge of lava, ash, and gases from a volcano.
Example
The volcanic eruption covered the town in ash.
La erupción volcánica cubrió la ciudad con cenizas.
A2 adjective /fɪfθ/

fifth

quinto
Meaning
constituting number five in a sequence
Example
She lives on the fifth floor of the building.
Ella vive en el quinto piso del edificio.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/

plagiarism

plagio
Meaning
the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own
Example
The student was expelled for committing plagiarism in his essay.
El estudiante fue expulsado por cometer plagio en su ensayo.
C2 noun /ˈmiːliərɪzəm/

meliorism

meliorismo
Meaning
The belief that the world tends to improve and that humans can aid its betterment.
Example
Her philosophy of meliorism kept her hopeful during difficult times.
Su filosofía de meliorismo la mantuvo esperanzada durante tiempos difíciles.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

flujo
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
El flujo de turistas impulsó la economía local.
A1 preposition, adverb /bɪˈtwiːn/

between

entre
Meaning
at, into, or across the space separating two objects or regions
Example
She sat between her two friends.
Ella se sentó entre sus dos amigos.
C1 adjective ɪˈroʊ.ni.əs

erroneous

erróneo, incorrecto
Meaning
Wrong; incorrect.
Example
His assumptions were completely erroneous.
Sus suposiciones eran completamente erróneas.
C2 noun /ˈlev.ɪ.ti/

Levity

ligereza; frivolidad; falta de respeto
Meaning
humor or frivolity, especially the treatment of a serious matter with humor or in a manner lacking due respect
Example
The levity in the courtroom was inappropriate.
La levidad en la sala del tribunal fue inapropiada.
A1 noun /faɪər/

Fire

fuego
Meaning
combustion or burning, in which substances combine chemically with oxygen from the air
Example
The fire in the fireplace provided warmth and a cozy atmosphere.
El fuego en la chimenea proporcionó calor y un ambiente acogedor.
B2 adjective /ˈtɒlərənt/

tolerant

tolerante
Meaning
Showing willingness to allow the existence of opinions or behaviors that one dislikes or disagrees with.
Example
He is very tolerant of other people's beliefs.
Él es muy tolerante con las creencias de los demás.
C2 verb /ˈfæmɪʃ/

famish

morirse de hambre
Meaning
to suffer or cause to suffer from extreme hunger
Example
The stranded hikers began to famish after several days without food.
Los excursionistas varados comenzaron a morirse de hambre después de varios días sin comida.
B2 adjective /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl̩/

biological

biológico
Meaning
relating to the science of biology or to life and living organisms
Example
She is studying biological sciences at university.
Ella está estudiando ciencias biológicas en la universidad.
B1 noun ˈbaʊndəri

boundary

frontera
Meaning
A line that marks the limits of an area; a dividing line.
Example
The river marks the boundary.
El río marca la frontera.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈkaɪnd/

Unkind

cruel; no amable
Meaning
cruel; not nice or caring toward others
Example
It was unkind of him to make fun of her appearance.
Fue cruel de su parte hacer burla de su apariencia.
B2 noun

Kitchen garden

huerto doméstico; jardín cerca de la cocina
C2 noun /əˈpɒfəsɪs/

apophasis

apofasis
Meaning
A rhetorical device where the speaker brings up a subject by denying it or pretending to pass over it.
Example
The politician used apophasis by saying, 'I won’t even mention my opponent’s scandals.'
El político usó la apofasis al decir: 'Ni siquiera mencionaré los escándalos de mi oponente'.
B1 noun /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

pronunciation

pronunciación
Meaning
the way a word or language is spoken; the act or result of pronouncing words
Example
Her pronunciation of French words has improved significantly.
Su pronunciación de palabras francesas ha mejorado mucho.
A2 adjective /ˌwel ˈdʌn/

Well-done

bien hecho; completamente cocinado
Meaning
performed skillfully and successfully; cooked thoroughly
Example
The project was well-done and impressed everyone.
El proyecto estuvo bien hecho y sorprendió a todos.
C1 noun /tɔːrk/

torque

torque
Meaning
A twisting force that causes rotation.
Example
The mechanic measured the torque of the engine.
El mecánico midió el torque del motor.
C1 noun /deɪˈtɑːnt/

detente

distensión
Meaning
the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries
Example
The two nations worked toward detente after decades of conflict.
Las dos naciones trabajaron hacia la distensión después de décadas de conflicto.
C2 noun /brɔːn/

brawn

fuerza física
Meaning
physical strength in contrast to intelligence
Example
He used his brawn to lift the heavy box.
Usó su fuerza física para levantar la caja pesada.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪdiənt/

radiant

radiante
Meaning
Shining brightly; expressing great happiness.
Example
She looked radiant in her wedding dress.
Ella se veía radiante con su vestido de novia.
C2 noun /ˈrɒndoʊ/

rondo

composición musical (con tema recurrente)
Meaning
a musical composition with a recurring leading theme
Example
The pianist ended the recital with a lively rondo.
El pianista terminó el recital con un rondó animado.
C1 adjective /bɪˈfɪt.ɪŋ/

Befitting

adecuado; apropiado; adecuado para una situación o persona particular
Meaning
appropriate; suitable; proper for a particular situation or person
Example
He wore formal attire befitting the important occasion.
Llevó ropa formal adecuada para la ocasión importante.
B2 adjective /ˈθɔːtˌproʊvɪkɪŋ/

thought-provoking

provocador de pensamientos
Meaning
stimulating careful consideration or thought
Example
The movie was deeply thought-provoking and left a lasting impression.
La película fue profundamente provocadora de pensamientos y dejó una impresión duradera.
C1 noun /ʃeɪl/

shale

pizarra
Meaning
a fine-grained sedimentary rock that can be split into thin layers
Example
The region is rich in shale and natural gas deposits.
La región es rica en pizarra y depósitos de gas natural.
B2 verb /əbˈzɔːrb/

absorb

absorber
Meaning
to take in or soak up a liquid, energy, or information
Example
The sponge absorbed all the water.
La esponja absorbió toda el agua.
C1 adjective /fəˈroʊ.ʃəs/

Ferocious

feroz, salvaje, cruel
Meaning
savagely fierce, cruel, or violent; extremely aggressive
Example
The ferocious storm destroyed many houses in the coastal area.
La feroz tormenta destruyó muchas casas en la zona costera.
C1 adjective /ˈɡɪdi/

giddy

mareado, muy emocionado
Meaning
Feeling dizzy or light-headed; also overly excited and frivolous.
Example
She felt giddy after spinning around so many times.
Ella se sintió mareada después de girar tantas veces.
C2 noun /brəˈkeɪd/

brocade

tela bordada
Meaning
a rich fabric woven with a raised pattern, often in gold or silver thread
Example
She wore a beautiful brocade dress to the wedding.
Ella llevaba un hermoso vestido de brocado en la boda.
C1 noun /ˈmɔːr.nər/

Mourner

persona que asiste a un funeral
Meaning
a person who attends a funeral or shows grief for someone who has died
Example
The mourners gathered at the cemetery to pay their respects.
Los dolientes se reunieron en el cementerio para rendir sus respetos.
B2 noun /ˈɑː.mənd/

Almond

almendra
Meaning
edible seed of the almond tree
Example
Almonds are a healthy snack rich in protein and good fats.
Las almendras son un bocadillo saludable, rico en proteínas y grasas buenas.
C2 noun /ˈɡrændɪləkwəns/

grandiloquence

lenguaje pomposo
Meaning
Pompous or extravagant language, style, or manner, often intended to impress
Example
The politician’s speech was full of empty grandiloquence.
El discurso del político estaba lleno de lenguaje pomposo y vacío.
C1 noun /ˈstɔːrhaʊs/

storehouse

almacén
Meaning
A place where goods, supplies, or valuables are stored; a repository
Example
The warehouse acted as a storehouse for all the imported goods.
El almacén actuaba como un storehouse para todos los productos importados.
B2 noun prəˈɡreʃ.ən

progression

progresión
Meaning
The process of developing or moving gradually towards a more advanced state.
Example
Progression in technology drives innovation.
La progresión en la tecnología impulsa la innovación.
B2 noun /slæŋ/

Slang

jerga; lenguaje informal
Meaning
very informal language that is usually spoken rather than written
Example
The teenagers used slang that their parents couldn't understand.
Los adolescentes usaron jerga que sus padres no pudieron entender.
C2 adjective/adverb /feɪn/

fain

gustosamente, con gusto
Meaning
gladly, willingly, or with pleasure
Example
I would fain help you if I had the time.
Si tuviera tiempo, con gusto te ayudaría.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːvənt/

servant

sirviente
Meaning
a person who performs duties for others, especially in a household
Example
The servant opened the door for the guests.
El sirviente abrió la puerta para los invitados.
C2 adjective /beɪˈkoʊniən/

baconian

baconiano
Meaning
Relating to the philosopher Francis Bacon or his method of scientific reasoning.
Example
The researcher followed a Baconian approach to observation and experimentation.
El investigador siguió un enfoque baconiano de observación y experimentación.
C1 noun /vɛnˈdɛtə/

vendetta

venganza
Meaning
a prolonged bitter quarrel or campaign of revenge
Example
The two families were caught in a bitter vendetta for generations.
Las dos familias estuvieron atrapadas en una amarga venganza durante generaciones.
B1 noun /ˌsɪvɪlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

civilization

civilización
Meaning
the stage of human social and cultural development and organization considered most advanced
Example
Ancient Egypt is known for its remarkable civilization.
El antiguo Egipto es conocido por su notable civilización.
C2 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡæmɪst/

polygamist

polígamo
Meaning
a person who has more than one spouse at the same time
Example
The polygamist had three wives living in different houses.
El polígamo tenía tres esposas que vivían en casas diferentes.
C2 noun /ˈmɒrəlɪst/

moralist

moralista
Meaning
A person who teaches or promotes moral principles and values.
Example
The author was known as a strict moralist in his writings.
El autor fue conocido como un estricto moralista en sus escritos.
A2 noun /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/

college

universidad
Meaning
An educational institution where students study for degrees or professional qualifications.
Example
She hopes to attend college in the city next year.
Ella espera asistir a la universidad en la ciudad el próximo año.
A2 verb /prəˈvaɪd/

provide

proporcionar
Meaning
to give or supply something that is needed or wanted
Example
The teacher will provide extra materials for the students.
La profesora proporcionará materiales adicionales para los estudiantes.
B2 noun /sɔːrd/

Sword

espada
Meaning
a weapon with a long metal blade and a handle, used for fighting
Example
The knight drew his sword to defend the castle.
El caballero sacó su espada para defender el castillo.
C1 adjective /ˌʌn.əˈdʌl.tə.reɪ.tɪd/

Unadulterated

puro
Meaning
not mixed or diluted with any different or extra elements; pure
Example
She felt unadulterated joy when she heard the news.
Sintió una alegría pura cuando escuchó la noticia.
C2 noun /ˈɑb.lə.kwi/

Obloquy

crítica severa o abuso verbal; condena pública
Meaning
harsh criticism or verbal abuse; strong public condemnation
Example
The politician faced obloquy after the scandal.
El político enfrentó obloquio después del escándalo.
B2 noun /ˈpɪs.təl/

Pistol

pistola
Meaning
a small gun that can be held and fired with one hand
Example
The officer drew his pistol from the holster.
El oficial sacó su pistola de la funda.
C2 verb /ˌpriːɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/

preengage

precontratar
Meaning
To contract or engage beforehand; to arrange in advance.
Example
The workers were preengaged before the project officially started.
Los trabajadores fueron precontratados antes de que comenzara oficialmente el proyecto.
C2 noun /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.zəns/

cognizance

conciencia
Meaning
Awareness, knowledge, or understanding of something; conscious perception.
Example
The judge took cognizance of the new evidence.
El juez tomó conciencia de la nueva evidencia.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsuːsiənt/

insouciant

despreocupado
Meaning
Showing a casual lack of concern; carefree.
Example
He gave an insouciant shrug and walked away.
Hizo un encogimiento de hombros despreocupado y se alejó.
B2 adjective /ˌsʌp.lɪˈmen.tər.i/

Supplementary

suplementario; adicional; extra
Meaning
completing or making an addition to something; additional; extra
Example
Students need to buy supplementary books for the course.
Los estudiantes necesitan comprar libros suplementarios para el curso.
C1 noun /ˈnɛm.ə.sɪs/

nemesis

enemigo / rival
Meaning
A long-standing rival or an inescapable agent of downfall.
Example
For years, he considered his colleague to be his nemesis.
Durante años, consideró a su colega como su enemigo.
B1 verb /stæmp/

stamp

estampar / pisotear
Meaning
To bring down (one's foot) heavily on the ground; to imprint a mark or seal.
Example
She stamped her foot in frustration.
Ella estampó su pie por frustración.
C2 adjective /ˈbaɪ.fərˌkeɪ.tɪd/

bifurcated

dividido en dos partes
Meaning
Divided into two branches or parts.
Example
The river became bifurcated as it flowed around the island.
El río se dividió en dos partes cuando fluyó alrededor de la isla.
A2 adverb /ˈnaʊədeɪz/

Now-a-days

Hoy en día; en la actualidad
Meaning
at the present time; in these times
Example
Now-a-days, people prefer online shopping.
Hoy en día, la gente prefiere las compras en línea.
C1 adjective /ˌnɒn ɪɡˈzɪstənt/

non-existent

inexistente
Meaning
not real or not present; lacking existence
Example
The supposed evidence turned out to be non-existent.
La evidencia supuesta resultó ser inexistente.
A2 noun ˈtem.pər.ə.tʃər

temperature

temperatura
Meaning
The degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object.
Example
Rising temperatures affect agricultural output.
Las temperaturas crecientes afectan la producción agrícola.
C2 adjective /ˈdaʊti/

doughty

valiente
Meaning
brave, valiant, courageous
Example
The doughty soldier never backed down from a challenge.
El valiente soldado nunca se echó atrás ante un desafío.
B2 noun /boʊst/

Boast

presunción; alarde; jactancia
Meaning
an act of talking with excessive pride about one's achievements
Example
His constant boast about his wealth annoyed everyone.
Su constante alarde sobre su riqueza molestaba a todos.
B2 noun /ˈpɔːt.fəʊ.li.əʊ/

portfolio

colección de trabajos, muestras o lista de trabajos
Meaning
A collection of work or samples demonstrating skills and expertise.
Example
His portfolio showcased his diverse range of skills.
Su portafolio mostró su amplia gama de habilidades.
A2 adverb /ˈsɜː.tən.li/

Certainly

ciertamente
Meaning
without doubt; definitely; used to agree or give permission
Example
I will certainly help you with this project.
Ciertamente te ayudaré con este proyecto.
C1 adjective /ˈdrɪəri/

dreary

triste / sombrío
Meaning
dull, bleak, and lifeless; depressing
Example
The long, dreary winter made everyone feel gloomy.
El largo y sombrío invierno hizo que todos se sintieran tristes.
B2 adjective /ˌbaɪəʊdɪˈɡreɪdəbl/

biodegradable

biodegradable
Meaning
Capable of being decomposed by natural biological processes, typically by bacteria or other living organisms, without causing harm to the environment.
Example
Biodegradable materials break down naturally without harming the environment.
Los materiales biodegradables se descomponen naturalmente sin dañar el medio ambiente.
C2 verb /ˈsʌpjʊˌreɪt/

suppurate

supurar
Meaning
to form or discharge pus, usually as a result of infection
Example
The wound began to suppurate after a few days.
La herida comenzó a supurar después de unos días.
A2 noun/verb /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/

fishing

pesca
Meaning
the activity of catching fish
Example
Fishing is a popular activity in coastal villages.
La pesca es una actividad popular en las aldeas costeras.
C2 noun /ˈtʃælɪs/

chalice

cáliz
Meaning
A large cup or goblet, typically used for drinking wine in religious ceremonies.
Example
The priest lifted the golden chalice during the ceremony.
El sacerdote levantó el cáliz dorado durante la ceremonia.
B2 noun /kɔːrd/

chord

acorde musical
Meaning
A group of musical notes played or sung together; also a straight line segment joining two points on a curve.
Example
She strummed a simple chord on the guitar.
Ella rasgueó un acorde simple en la guitarra.
B2 noun /wɒsp/

Wasp

avispón
Meaning
a flying insect with a yellow and black striped body and a painful sting
Example
The wasp stung me when I disturbed its nest.
El avispa me picó cuando molesté su nido.
A1 adjective /ˈwelkəm/

Welcome

bienvenido
Meaning
received with pleasure; giving pleasure; allowed or invited
Example
You are always welcome in our home.
Siempre eres bienvenido en nuestra casa.
B2 adjective /ˌfɪl.əˈsɒf.ɪ.kəl/

philosophical

filosófico
Meaning
relating to the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence
Example
She maintained a calm and philosophical attitude during the crisis.
Mantuvo una actitud tranquila y filosófica durante la crisis.
C1 noun ˈprəʊses stəˈbɪlɪti

process stability

estabilidad del proceso
Meaning
The consistency and steadiness of biological or functional processes
Example
Cold air ensures process stability in plants.
El aire frío asegura la estabilidad del proceso en las plantas.
C2 noun /ˈdɪfθɒŋ/

diphthong

diptongo
Meaning
A complex vowel sound that begins with one vowel and glides into another within the same syllable.
Example
The word 'coin' contains a diphthong.
La palabra 'coin' contiene un diptongo.
B2 adverb /fɔːrθ/

forth

adelante
Meaning
forward in place, time, or order
Example
The leader stepped forth to address the crowd.
El líder avanzó para dirigirse a la multitud.
B1 noun /əˈpruː.vəl/

approval

aprobación
Meaning
official permission or agreement for something
Example
The project received government approval.
El proyecto recibió la aprobación del gobierno.
B2 adverb /ˈfɔːrmərli/

Formerly

anteriormente; antes
Meaning
in the past; previously; at an earlier time
Example
The building was formerly a school but is now a community center.
El edificio era anteriormente una escuela, pero ahora es un centro comunitario.
B2 noun /ˈten.dən.si/

Tendency

tendencia
Meaning
an inclination toward a particular characteristic or type of behavior
Example
She has a tendency to arrive late for meetings.
Ella tiene tendencia a llegar tarde a las reuniones.
B2 adjective kənˈsaɪs

concise

conciso
Meaning
Brief and clearly expressed without unnecessary details.
Example
A concise speech is more impactful than a long one.
Un discurso conciso es más impactante que uno largo.
B1 verb /əˈsɛs/

assess

evaluar
Meaning
to evaluate or estimate the nature, ability, or quality of something
Example
The teacher assessed the students' progress.
El maestro evaluó el progreso de los estudiantes.
C1 adjective ˌmɒn.jʊˈmɛn.təl

monumental

de gran importancia, extensión o tamaño
Meaning
Great in importance, extent, or size; exceptionally great; forming or serving as a monument.
Example
The discovery of electricity was a monumental achievement.
El descubrimiento de la electricidad fue un logro monumental.
C2 verb /ˈɑːbvieɪt/

obviate

eliminar
Meaning
To remove a need or difficulty; to prevent or avoid something.
Example
This new system obviates the need for manual data entry.
Este nuevo sistema elimina la necesidad de ingresar datos manualmente.
B2 noun ˈnætʃərəl ˈhæbɪtæt

Natural Habitat

hábitat natural
Meaning
The natural environment where organisms live and fulfill their life needs.
Example
Protecting the natural habitat is crucial for butterflies.
Proteger el hábitat natural es crucial para las mariposas.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈdɪs.ɪ.plɪ.nər.i

interdisciplinary

interdisciplinario
Meaning
Relating to more than one branch of knowledge.
Example
The interdisciplinary approach in education enhances problem-solving skills.
El enfoque interdisciplinario en la educación mejora las habilidades para resolver problemas.
C1 noun /rɪˈflɛktər/

reflector

reflector
Meaning
A surface or device that reflects light, heat, or sound, often used to direct beams or improve visibility.
Example
The cyclist attached a red reflector to the back of his bike for safety.
El ciclista colocó un reflector rojo en la parte trasera de su bicicleta para mayor seguridad.
B2 adjective /ˈwɪt.i/

Witty

ingenioso; divertido
Meaning
having or showing quick intelligence; amusing in a clever way
Example
Her witty response to the critic's question impressed the entire audience.
Su ingeniosa respuesta a la pregunta del crítico impresionó a toda la audiencia.
C1 adjective /ˌmɒnəˈlɪθɪk/

monolithic

monolítico
Meaning
Massive, uniform, and indivisible; resembling a large single stone or structure.
Example
The company maintained a monolithic structure resistant to change.
La compañía mantuvo una estructura monolítica resistente al cambio.
C1 verb /skɪmp/

skimp

escatimar
Meaning
to use less of something than is necessary in order to save money or effort
Example
Don’t skimp on quality when buying a new laptop.
No escatimes en calidad al comprar una nueva laptop.
C1 noun /riːk/

Reek

oler mal; dar una fuerte impresión de algo desagradable o no deseado
Meaning
to have a very unpleasant smell; to give a strong impression of something unpleasant or undesirable
Example
The garbage can reeks of rotten food.
El cubo de basura huele a comida podrida.
B2 adjective /ˈsteɪʃəˌneri/

stationary

estático
Meaning
Not moving or not intended to be moved.
Example
The car remained stationary at the red light.
El coche permaneció estacionario en el semáforo rojo.