Calumny
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN English BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Español FR Francés DE Alemán RU Ruso ZH Chino JA Japonés
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C2 noun /ˈkæl.əm.ni/

Calumny

calumnia
Meaning
the making of false and defamatory statements about someone in order to damage their reputation
Example
The politician sued the newspaper for spreading calumny about his personal life.
El político demandó al periódico por difundir calumnias sobre su vida personal.
B2 noun ˌɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃən

urbanization

urbanización
Meaning
The process by which towns and cities are formed and become larger as more people begin living and working in central areas.
Example
Urbanization leads to more developed infrastructure.
La urbanización conduce a una infraestructura más desarrollada.
C1 verb /ˈɔːstrəˌsaɪz/

ostracize

ostracizar
Meaning
to exclude someone from a group or society; to banish or shun
Example
After the scandal, he was ostracized by his former colleagues.
Después del escándalo, fue ostracizado por sus antiguos compañeros de trabajo.
B2 adjective /ˈsʌb.sɪ.kwənt/

subsequent

subsecuente
Meaning
Coming after something in time; following in time or order.
Example
Subsequent events clarified the outcomes.
Los eventos subsecuentes aclararon los resultados.
B1 adverb /ðʌs/

thus

así
Meaning
as a result or consequence of something previously stated
Example
He was late, thus he missed the meeting.
Llegó tarde, así que se perdió la reunión.
B2 adjective /ˈtrʌblsəm/

Troublesome

problemático; molesto
Meaning
causing difficulty or annoyance; problematic
Example
The troublesome student disrupted the class again.
El estudiante problemático interrumpió la clase otra vez.
B1 adjective /ɪmˈbær.ə.sɪŋ/

Embarrassing

vergonzoso; incómodo; humillante
Meaning
causing shame or awkwardness; uncomfortable; humiliating
Example
It was embarrassing when I forgot her name.
Fue embarazoso cuando olvidé su nombre.
A2 noun/verb /bəˈluːn/

balloon

globo
Meaning
A small bag made of thin rubber or similar material that can be inflated with air or gas; as a verb, to expand rapidly.
Example
The children played with a red balloon at the party.
Los niños jugaron con un globo rojo en la fiesta.
B1 verb /ˈʌpˌɡreɪd/

upgrade

actualizar
Meaning
to raise something to a higher standard, improve
Example
We decided to upgrade the software to the latest version.
Decidimos actualizar el software a la última versión.
B1 noun /wɜːrm/

Worm

gusano
Meaning
a long, soft-bodied invertebrate animal that lives in soil
Example
The bird caught a worm from the garden soil.
El pájaro atrapó un gusano del suelo del jardín.
A1 adjective /fɜːrst/

first

primero
Meaning
coming before all others in time, order, or importance
Example
She was the first to arrive at the meeting.
Ella fue la primera en llegar a la reunión.
C1 adjective /ˈhɑːrdi/

hardy

resistente, robusto
Meaning
Strong, robust, and capable of enduring difficult conditions.
Example
Hardy plants can survive the harsh winter.
Las plantas resistentes pueden sobrevivir al invierno severo.
C1 noun /kəˈlaɪdəˌskoʊp/

kaleidoscope

caleidoscopio
Meaning
A toy or instrument with mirrors and colored pieces that create changing patterns when rotated; also used metaphorically for a constantly changing sequence of patterns or elements.
Example
The city lights turned into a kaleidoscope of colors as the festival began.
Las luces de la ciudad se convirtieron en un caleidoscopio de colores cuando comenzó el festival.
C1 noun /aɪl/

isle

pequeña isla
Meaning
A small island or peninsula, often poetic or literary.
Example
They spent their honeymoon on a beautiful tropical isle.
Pasaron su luna de miel en una hermosa isla tropical.
C1 noun /ɡroʊv/

grove

arboleda / huerto pequeño
Meaning
A small group of trees growing close together.
Example
They walked through the orange grove.
Ellos caminaban por el huerto de naranjas.
C2 noun /ˈʌŋkʃən/

unction

unción
Meaning
The act of anointing as part of a religious or ceremonial ritual; excessive or insincere flattery.
Example
The priest performed the holy unction with solemnity.
El sacerdote realizó la santa unción con solemnidad.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛər/

impair

deteriorar
Meaning
to weaken or damage something, especially a function or ability
Example
Smoking can impair your lung capacity.
Fumar puede dañar tu capacidad pulmonar.
C1 verb /rɪˈpʌls/

repulse

repeler / provocar desagrado
Meaning
to drive back an attack or attacker by force; to cause intense dislike or disgust
Example
The army managed to repulse the enemy attack.
El ejército logró repeler el ataque enemigo.
A1 verb /wʊd/

would

haría
Meaning
used to indicate a future possibility or action in the past
Example
He said he would help me tomorrow.
Él dijo que él me ayudaría mañana.
C2 noun ˌkɒmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən

computational communication

comunicación computacional
Meaning
Digital exchange and automated interaction; the use of computational methods and systems to facilitate communication and information sharing.
Example
Computational communication is reshaping how we share information.
La comunicación computacional está remodelando cómo compartimos información.
C2 adjective /ˈæn.ə.daɪn/

anodyne

inofensivo, que alivia el dolor
Meaning
Not likely to cause offense; bland or harmless. Also refers to something that relieves pain.
Example
The speaker’s anodyne remarks avoided controversy.
Los comentarios anodinos del orador evitaron la controversia.
A1 noun /jɪə/

year

año
Meaning
a period of 365 or 366 days, divided into 12 months
Example
This year, we are planning a trip to the mountains.
Este año, estamos planeando un viaje a las montañas.
C2 noun /ˈrɪvjʊlət/

rivulet

riachuelo
Meaning
a small stream of water; a tiny brook
Example
A rivulet ran down the hillside after the rain.
Un riachuelo bajó por la ladera después de la lluvia.
A2 verb /bɜːrn/

burn

quemar
Meaning
to be on fire; to damage with fire or heat
Example
The candle will burn for several hours.
La vela se quemará durante varias horas.
A2 noun /ˈkæm.əl/

Camel

camello
Meaning
a large animal with one or two humps on its back that lives in hot dry places
Example
The camel walked slowly across the desert sand.
El camello caminó lentamente por la arena del desierto.
A1 determiner /sʌtʃ/

such

tal
Meaning
of the type previously mentioned or specified
Example
I have never seen such a beautiful painting.
Nunca he visto tal pintura hermosa.
C2 noun /prɪˈfɜːrmənt/

preferment

ascenso
Meaning
promotion or advancement in rank, position, or office
Example
He hoped for preferment in the government office.
Él esperaba un ascenso en la oficina del gobierno.
C1 noun (plural) /ˈhɪntərlændz/

hinterlands

zonas remotas
Meaning
Plural of hinterland; remote or less developed regions.
Example
Explorers traveled deep into the hinterlands of the country.
Los exploradores viajaron profundamente a las zonas remotas del país.
B2 adverb /ˈmɪzərəbli/

Miserably

miserablemente
Meaning
in a wretched or unhappy manner; extremely badly
Example
The team performed miserably in the championship.
El equipo jugó miserablemente en el campeonato.
B2 verb /ˈsɪmpəθaɪz/

sympathize

compadecer
Meaning
to feel sorry for someone; to understand and share someone's feelings
Example
I sympathize with your loss.
Siento compasión por tu pérdida.
B2 noun /ˈriːzənɪŋ/

reasoning

razonamiento
Meaning
the process of thinking about something in a logical way in order to form a conclusion or judgment
Example
Her reasoning for leaving was clear and logical.
Su razonamiento para irse fue claro y lógico.
C2 noun /ˌlɛdʒərdəˈmeɪn/

legerdemain

truco, engaño
Meaning
skillful use of one's hands when performing tricks; deception or trickery
Example
The magician's legerdemain left the audience amazed.
El truco del mago dejó a la audiencia asombrada.
C2 verb /ˈhɛktər/

hector

hablar con amenazas
Meaning
To talk to someone in a bullying or intimidating way.
Example
The manager hectored the staff into working overtime.
El gerente amenazó al personal para que trabajara horas extras.
C2 verb /ɪˈmjʊər/

immure

encerrar
Meaning
to confine or enclose someone against their will
Example
The prisoner was immured in a dark cell.
El prisionero fue encerrado en una celda oscura.
C2 noun /əˈpɜːrtənənsɪz/

appurtenances

pertenencias
Meaning
Additional items or accessories associated with something, often used in a legal or property context.
Example
The house was sold along with all its appurtenances, including the garage and garden.
La casa fue vendida junto con todas sus pertenencias, incluyendo el garaje y el jardín.
B2 verb /kənˈtɛnd/

contend

competir, afirmar
Meaning
to strive or compete for something; to assert earnestly
Example
Athletes from around the world contend for the championship.
Los atletas de todo el mundo compiten por el campeonato.
B1 noun /ˈbed ʃiːt/

Bed sheet

sábana
Meaning
a large rectangular piece of cloth used as bedding to lie on or under
Example
The clean white bed sheet felt soft against her skin.
La sábana blanca y limpia se sintió suave contra su piel.
C2 adjective /ˈsɪlvən/

sylvan

boscosa
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of the woods or forest.
Example
The cottage was set in a sylvan landscape full of tall trees.
La cabaña estaba situada en un paisaje boscosa lleno de árboles altos.
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

Illogical

Ilógico
Meaning
not reasonable or sensible; lacking logic
Example
It would be illogical to go swimming in such cold weather.
Sería ilógico nadar en un clima tan frío.
C2 noun /ˈæl.ɪ.mənt/

aliment

alimento
Meaning
food or nourishment that sustains life
Example
Fruits and vegetables are important aliments for a healthy body.
Las frutas y verduras son alimentos importantes para un cuerpo saludable.
A2 noun /bæˈleɪ/

ballet

ballet
Meaning
a highly stylized and artistic form of dance
Example
She has trained for years in classical ballet.
Ella ha entrenado durante años en ballet clásico.
C1 noun /ˈlaɪm.stoʊn/

Lime stone

piedra caliza
Meaning
a hard sedimentary rock, composed mainly of calcium carbonate or dolomite, used as building material and in the making of cement
Example
The ancient building was made of limestone blocks.
El antiguo edificio estaba hecho de bloques de piedra caliza
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌtræk/

sidetrack

desviar
Meaning
To distract from the main subject or activity.
Example
She was sidetracked by an unexpected phone call.
Ella se desvió por una llamada telefónica inesperada.
C2 noun /hæˈʃiːʃ/

hashish

hasís
Meaning
a drug made from the resin of the cannabis plant
Example
The police arrested him for possessing hashish.
La policía lo arrestó por poseer hasís.
B2 noun /ˈvæmpaɪər/

vampire

felicidad
Meaning
a mythical creature that sucks blood from the living; metaphorically, a person who exploits others
Example
In folklore, a vampire rises at night to drink human blood.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B1 noun /ˈdʒen.dər/

Gender

género
Meaning
either of the two sexes (male and female); the range of characteristics pertaining to masculinity and femininity
Example
The company promotes gender equality by ensuring equal opportunities for all employees.
La empresa promueve la igualdad de género al garantizar oportunidades iguales para todos los empleados.
C1 noun /ˌævɒ̃ˈɡɑːrd/

avantgarde

vanguardia
Meaning
people or works that are innovative, experimental, and ahead of their time
Example
The avantgarde of the 20th century reshaped modern art.
La vanguardia del siglo XX remodeló el arte moderno.
C1 verb /ˈhʌsəl/

hustle

trabajar duro / moverse rápidamente
Meaning
to move quickly and energetically; to push or work hard to achieve something
Example
She had to hustle to finish the project on time.
Ella tuvo que trabajar duro para terminar el proyecto a tiempo.
B2 noun /hɪˈstɔːriən/

historian

historiador
Meaning
a person who studies or writes about history
Example
The historian gave a lecture on ancient civilizations.
El historiador dio una conferencia sobre civilizaciones antiguas.
C2 noun /ˈɡævəl/

gavel

mazo
Meaning
A small ceremonial mallet used by a judge or an auctioneer to signal attention or mark a decision.
Example
The judge struck the gavel to call the court to order.
El juez golpeó el mazo para llamar al orden en la corte.
C1 adjective /hɪpˈnɒtɪk/

hypnotic

hipnótico
Meaning
Producing sleep or a trance-like state; mesmerizing.
Example
The music had a hypnotic effect on the audience.
La música tuvo un efecto hipnótico en la audiencia.
A2 noun /ˈdæn.sər/

Dancer

bailarina
Meaning
a person who performs dance, typically as a profession or art form
Example
The dancer performed gracefully on the stage.
La bailarina se presentó con gracia en el escenario.
B2 adjective /ˌʌnkənˈvɪnsɪŋ/

Unconvincing

increíble
Meaning
failing to persuade or impress; not believable or credible
Example
His excuse for being late was completely unconvincing.
Su excusa por llegar tarde era completamente increíble.
B2 noun ˈwɜːrkˌləʊd

workload

carga de trabajo
Meaning
The amount of work to be done by someone or something.
Example
His workload has increased dramatically in the past month.
Su carga de trabajo ha aumentado drásticamente en el último mes.
C1 noun /saɪˈkoʊsɪs/

psychosis

psicosis
Meaning
A severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are impaired, leading to a loss of contact with reality.
Example
The patient was diagnosed with psychosis after experiencing hallucinations.
El paciente fue diagnosticado con psicosis después de experimentar alucinaciones.
C1 adjective /ˈbɛndi/

bendy

flexible
Meaning
Easily curved or flexible.
Example
The bendy straw made it easier to drink from the cup.
La pajita flexible hizo más fácil beber del vaso.
C1 noun /ˈkæptər/

captor

captor
Meaning
a person or group who has captured someone or something
Example
The hostage managed to escape from his captors.
El rehén logró escapar de sus captores.
A2 preposition /tɪl/

till

hasta
Meaning
up to the time of; until
Example
She waited till midnight for his call.
Ella esperó hasta la medianoche por su llamada.
C2 noun /ˈθɔːməˌtɜrdʒɪst/

thaumaturgist

taumaturgo
Meaning
A worker of miracles or magician.
Example
The thaumaturgist amazed the audience with his tricks.
El taumaturgo sorprendió a la audiencia con sus trucos.
A2 adverb /kəˈrɛktli/

correctly

correctamente
Meaning
in a way that is true, accurate, or without mistakes
Example
She answered all the questions correctly.
Ella respondió todas las preguntas correctamente.
C1 verb /əˈbɔːrt/

abort

abortar; cancelar
Meaning
to stop a process or action before it is completed; to end a pregnancy deliberately
Example
The pilot decided to abort the mission due to bad weather.
El piloto decidió abortar la misión por el mal tiempo.
C1 adjective /ˈriː.fleks/

Reflex

reflejo
Meaning
an action performed without conscious thought; relating to reflection
Example
The doctor tested her reflex response by tapping her knee.
El médico probó su respuesta reflejo golpeando su rodilla.
C2 noun /ˌnjʊə.rəʊˈdʒɛn.ɪ.sɪs/

neurogenesis

formación de nuevas células nerviosas
Meaning
The process of forming new nerve cells in the brain.
Example
Scientists are studying neurogenesis to understand brain health.
Los científicos están estudiando la neurogénesis para comprender la salud cerebral.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvəkəbl/

irrevocable

irreversible
Meaning
Not able to be revoked, changed, or undone.
Example
She made an irrevocable decision to leave the company.
Ella tomó una decisión irreversible de dejar la empresa.
C2 noun /əˈbluːʃən/

ablution

ablución
Meaning
the act of washing oneself, often for religious purposes
Example
He performed his morning ablution before the prayer.
Él realizó su ablución matutina antes de la oración.
C1 adjective /diːˈsɛntrəlaɪzd/

decentralized

descentralizado
Meaning
Controlled by several local offices or authorities rather than one single one.
Example
The decentralized system allowed for more control at local levels.
El sistema descentralizado permitió un mayor control a nivel local.
C1 noun /ˈpærəbl/

parable

parable
Meaning
A simple story used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson.
Example
Jesus often taught using a parable to convey deeper truths.
Jesús a menudo enseñaba usando una parábola para transmitir verdades más profundas.
B2 noun /kʌb/

Cub

cachorro
Meaning
a young bear, lion, tiger, or other large carnivorous mammal
Example
The bear cub stayed close to its mother for protection.
El cachorro de oso se quedó cerca de su madre para protección.
C1 adjective /ˈmɔːtəl/

Mortal

mortal; perecedero; humano
Meaning
subject to death; having a limited lifespan; human
Example
All human beings are mortal and will eventually die.
Todos los seres humanos son mortales y eventualmente morirán.
B2 adjective /dɪˈstrɛst/

distressed

angustiado
Meaning
feeling or showing extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain
Example
She looked distressed after hearing the bad news.
Ella se veía angustiada después de escuchar las malas noticias.
C2 adjective /ˈpliːnəri/

plenary

plenario
Meaning
complete in every way; fully attended or absolute
Example
The committee held a plenary session to discuss all matters of importance.
El comité celebró una sesión plenaria para discutir todos los asuntos importantes.
C1 noun/verb /freɪ/

fray

pelea, desgastarse
Meaning
As a noun, a fight or heated dispute; as a verb, to unravel or wear out through friction.
Example
He tried to stay calm, but his nerves began to fray during the argument.
Trató de mantenerse calmado, pero sus nervios empezaron a desgastarse durante la discusión.
C1 verb /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪt/

incubate

incubar
Meaning
to keep eggs, cells, or organisms at the right conditions for development
Example
The hen will incubate the eggs until they hatch.
La gallina incubará los huevos hasta que eclosionen.
C2 noun /ˌhɛtərəʤəˈniːɪti/

heterogeneity

heterogeneidad
Meaning
the quality or state of being diverse in character or content
Example
The cultural heterogeneity of the city makes it vibrant and unique.
La heterogeneidad cultural de la ciudad la hace vibrante y única.
B2 noun /ˈvɛtərən/

veteran

persona experimentada / exmilitar
Meaning
a person who has long experience in a particular field or an ex-member of the armed forces
Example
He is a veteran of the software industry.
Él es un veterano de la industria del software.
C2 noun /dɪˈmʌrɪdʒ/

demurrage

demurrage
Meaning
a charge payable to the owner of a ship or vehicle for not loading or unloading on time
Example
The company had to pay demurrage for delaying the unloading of goods.
La empresa tuvo que pagar demurrage por retrasar la descarga de mercancías.
B2 noun ɪˈlɪtərəsi

illiteracy

analfabetismo
Meaning
The inability to read and write; lack of education or knowledge in a particular area.
Example
Illiteracy often leads to poverty and unemployment.
El analfabetismo a menudo conduce a la pobreza y el desempleo.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛndənt/

pendent

colgante
Meaning
hanging down or suspended
Example
The pendent branches touched the ground.
Las ramas colgantes tocaron el suelo.
C2 adjective /əˈstrɪndʒənt/

astringent

áspero
Meaning
sharp or severe in manner or style; also describes a substance that contracts skin or body tissues
Example
Her astringent tone silenced the noisy class.
Su tono áspero silenció a la clase ruidosa.
C1 noun/verb /ˈskɜːrmɪʃ/

skirmish

escaramuza
Meaning
a small or brief fight between groups of soldiers; to engage in such a fight
Example
The soldiers got into a skirmish near the border.
Los soldados se metieron en una escaramuza cerca de la frontera.
B2 noun /skoʊp/

scope

alcance
Meaning
the range of one's perception, understanding, or activity
Example
The project is beyond the scope of our resources.
El proyecto está más allá del alcance de nuestros recursos.
C2 adverb /hərˈmɛtɪkli/

hermetically

de manera hermética
Meaning
In a way that is completely airtight or sealed off.
Example
The jars were hermetically sealed to preserve freshness.
Los tarros fueron sellados herméticamente para preservar la frescura.
A1 noun /nuːz/

news

noticias
Meaning
newly received or noteworthy information, especially about recent events
Example
The news about the storm spread quickly.
Las noticias sobre la tormenta se extendieron rápidamente.
C1 adjective /ˌiːɡəˈtɪstɪkəl/

egotistical

ególatra
Meaning
Excessively self-absorbed or conceited.
Example
Her egotistical behavior made it difficult for her to maintain friendships.
Su comportamiento ególatra hizo difícil que mantuviera amistades.
B1 noun /ˈaɪ.braʊ/

Eyebrow

ceja
Meaning
the strip of hair growing on the ridge above the eye socket
Example
She raised her eyebrow in surprise.
Ella levantó la ceja en sorpresa.
B1 noun prəˈtek.ʃən

protection

protección
Meaning
The action of protecting someone or something, or the state of being protected.
Example
The movement focused on the protection of rights.
El movimiento se centró en la protección de los derechos.
A2 adjective, noun /tʃaɪˈniːz/

chinese

chino
Meaning
relating to China, its people, or its language
Example
We went to a Chinese restaurant last night.
Fuimos a un restaurante chino anoche.
C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌwɜːrld/

underworld

submundo
Meaning
The criminal world of organized crime or the mythical world of the dead.
Example
The detective spent years studying the secrets of the underworld.
El detective pasó años estudiando los secretos del submundo.
C1 noun /ˈlɛktən/

lectern

atril
Meaning
A tall stand with a sloping top used to support a book, notes, or script during a speech or lecture.
Example
The professor placed her notes on the lectern before starting her lecture.
La profesora colocó sus notas en el atril antes de comenzar su conferencia.
C1 noun /ˌluː.mɪˈnɒs.ɪ.ti/

luminosity

luminosidad
Meaning
The intrinsic brightness of a celestial object; the quality of emitting light.
Example
The luminosity of the star was measured with advanced instruments.
La luminosidad de la estrella se midió con instrumentos avanzados.
B2 noun /ˈɑːr.mər/

Armour

armadura
Meaning
protective covering worn by soldiers; metal plating for military vehicles
Example
The knight wore heavy armour to protect himself in battle.
El caballero llevaba una armadura pesada para protegerse en la batalla.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.kɒmpəˈzɪʃən/

decomposition

descomposición
Meaning
the process of decaying or breaking down into simpler parts
Example
The decomposition of leaves enriches the soil.
La descomposición de las hojas enriquece el suelo.
C2 noun /ˈdɒkɪt/

docket

lista
Meaning
a list or schedule of cases to be tried in a court or items to be done
Example
The judge reviewed the docket before starting the session.
El juez revisó la lista antes de comenzar la sesión.
C1 verb /proʊˈtrækt/

protract

prolongar
Meaning
To prolong or extend in time or duration.
Example
Negotiations were protracted for several months.
Las negociaciones fueron prolongadas durante varios meses.
C1 noun/verb /pɔːr/

pore

poros / estudiar cuidadosamente
Meaning
As a noun: a tiny opening in the skin or surface. As a verb: to study something carefully.
Example
She pored over the documents for hours before making a decision.
Ella estudió los documentos durante horas antes de tomar una decisión.
B2 noun /ˈdiːtʊr/

detour

desvío
Meaning
A longer or less direct route taken to avoid something or reach a destination.
Example
We had to take a detour because the main road was closed.
Tuvimos que tomar un desvío porque la carretera principal estaba cerrada.
C1 noun /ˈnɔː.zi.ə/

Nausea

náusea
Meaning
a feeling of sickness with an inclination to vomit
Example
The motion of the boat caused severe nausea.
El movimiento del bote causó una náusea severa.
B1 noun /ˈfɪnɪʃ laɪn/

finish line

meta
Meaning
The line or point at the end of a race or competition where participants complete it.
Example
She sprinted towards the finish line and won the race.
Ella corrió hacia la meta y ganó la carrera.
A2 verb /ˈædvərˌtaɪz/

advertise

anunciar
Meaning
to promote or publicize a product or service
Example
They advertise their products on television.
Ellos anuncian sus productos en la televisión.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

flujo
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
El flujo de turistas impulsó la economía local.
B2 noun /ˈdʒʌŋk.ʃən/

Junction

cruce
Meaning
a place where two or more roads or railway lines meet; a point where things join or connect
Example
Turn left at the junction to reach the shopping center.
Gire a la izquierda en el cruce para llegar al centro comercial.
C2 noun /ˌkɒntrəpəˈzɪʃən/

contraposition

contraposición
Meaning
the act of placing two things in opposition for contrast or comparison
Example
The contraposition of the two theories highlighted their differences.
La contraposición de las dos teorías destacó sus diferencias.
C1 adjective /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.məs/

autonomous

autónomo
Meaning
Acting independently or having the freedom to do so.
Example
Autonomous systems ensure greater precision.
Los sistemas autónomos garantizan mayor precisión.
C1 adverb /iːsˈθetɪkli/

aesthetically

estéticamente
Meaning
in a way that is concerned with beauty or visual appeal
Example
The building is aesthetically pleasing despite its simple design.
El edificio es estéticamente agradable a pesar de su diseño simple.
B1 noun /ˈprɒf.ɪt/

Profit

beneficio
Meaning
money that is earned in trade or business after paying costs
Example
The company made a significant profit this quarter.
La empresa obtuvo una ganancia significativa este trimestre.
C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl səˈpɔːrt

indispensable support

apoyo indispensable
Meaning
Essential assistance that cannot be done without; absolutely necessary help.
Example
Volunteers provide indispensable support to communities.
Los voluntarios proporcionan apoyo indispensable a las comunidades.
A1 verb (first person singular of 'be') /æm/

am

yo
Meaning
the first person singular present tense of 'be'
Example
I am happy today.
Hoy yo estoy feliz.
C2 noun /ˈklævɪkəl/

clavicle

clavícula
Meaning
the collarbone, a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum
Example
He fractured his clavicle in the accident.
Se fracturó la clavícula en el accidente.
B2 verb /dɒdʒ/

dodge

esquivar
Meaning
to move quickly to one side to avoid something; to avoid dealing with something cleverly or dishonestly
Example
The boxer managed to dodge his opponent's punch.
El boxeador logró esquivar el golpe de su oponente.
B1 noun /ˌdes.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Destination

destino
Meaning
the place to which someone or something is going; the ultimate purpose or end point
Example
Paris was their dream destination for their honeymoon trip.
París era su destino soñado para su viaje de luna de miel.
C2 noun /ˈdɪti/

ditty

canción corta
Meaning
a short, simple song or poem
Example
She sang a cheerful little ditty while cooking.
Ella cantó una alegre canción corta mientras cocinaba.
C1 noun /ɪmˈprɪzənmənt/

imprisonment

encarcelamiento
Meaning
the act of putting someone in prison; the state of being confined as punishment
Example
He faced imprisonment for violating the court order.
Se enfrentó al encarcelamiento por violar la orden judicial.
B1 adjective /ˈprɪn.sə.pəl/

Principal

principal; primario; más importante; jefe
Meaning
main; primary; most important; chief
Example
The principal reason for the meeting was to discuss the budget.
La principal razón de la reunión fue discutir el presupuesto.
B1 noun ˈplænɪŋ

planning

planificación
Meaning
The process of making plans for something; the control of urban development by a local government authority.
Example
Effective planning ensures better waste management.
Una planificación efectiva asegura una mejor gestión de residuos.
C2 noun /kənˈtrɪʃ.ən/

contrition

contrición
Meaning
the state of feeling remorseful and repentant
Example
His contrition was evident after the apology.
Su contrición fue evidente después de la disculpa.
B2 adjective /ˈlæstɪŋ/

Lasting

duradero; permanente
Meaning
enduring for a long time; permanent; durable
Example
Their friendship had a lasting impact on both their lives.
Su amistad tuvo un impacto duradero en sus vidas.
B1 noun /ˈhaʊswaɪf/

housewife

ama de casa
Meaning
a married woman who manages a household and whose main occupation is caring for her family and home
Example
She chose to work as a housewife while raising her children.
Ella decidió ser ama de casa mientras criaba a sus hijos.
A1 verb /θroʊ/

throw

lanzar
Meaning
to send something through the air with force using your hand
Example
He can throw the ball very far.
Él puede lanzar la pelota muy lejos.
C1 adverb /ˌʌnkənˈvɛnʃənəli/

unconventionally

poco convencionalmente
Meaning
in a way that is not based on or conforming to accepted standards or norms
Example
She dresses unconventionally, mixing bold colors and patterns that surprise everyone.
Ella se viste de manera poco convencional, combinando colores y patrones audaces que sorprenden a todos.
C2 adjective /ˈkɒs.ɪ.tɪd/

cosseted

sobreprotegido
Meaning
pampered, treated with excessive care and attention
Example
The cosseted child always got what he wanted.
El niño sobreprotegido siempre obtenía lo que quería.
C1 verb /ɪnˈkrəʊtʃ/

encroach

felicidad
Meaning
to gradually take over or intrude on someone’s rights, territory, or space
Example
The buildings began to encroach on the protected forest land.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.