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B2 noun, verb /bɒb/

bob

balancearse
Meaning
a short sudden movement up and down; to move quickly up and down
Example
The small boat began to bob on the waves.
El pequeño barco comenzó a balancearse en las olas.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛlvəti/

velvety

felicidad
Meaning
having a smooth, soft texture like velvet
Example
She spoke in a low, velvety voice.
No podía ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 noun /ˈfræŋkɪnsɛns/

frankincense

incienso
Meaning
An aromatic gum resin used in incense and perfumes, often in religious ceremonies.
Example
The temple was filled with the sweet smell of burning frankincense.
El templo estaba lleno del dulce aroma del incienso quemado.
C1 adjective /ˈriː.fleks/

Reflex

reflejo
Meaning
an action performed without conscious thought; relating to reflection
Example
The doctor tested her reflex response by tapping her knee.
El médico probó su respuesta reflejo golpeando su rodilla.
C2 noun ˈsaɪəns ˈdezət

science-desert

desierto científico
Meaning
A region or area lacking in scientific development, research facilities, or educational institutions.
Example
J.C. Bose thrived in a science-desert.
J.C. Bose prosperó en un desierto científico.
C1 noun delˈteɪɪk ˈlændskeɪp

deltaic landscape

paisaje deltaico
Meaning
A geographical area formed by sediment deposits at the mouth of a river, creating a triangular land formation.
Example
Bangladesh has a unique deltaic landscape.
Bangladesh tiene un paisaje deltaico único.
C1 verb /ˈskʌr.i/

scurry

correr rápidamente
Meaning
To move quickly with short, hurried steps.
Example
The mice scurried across the kitchen floor when the lights turned on.
Los ratones corrieron rápidamente por el suelo de la cocina cuando las luces se encendieron.
B2 noun prəˈvɪʒ.ənz

provisions

disposiciones
Meaning
A condition or requirement in a legal document; clauses or stipulations.
Example
Provisions must align with public aspirations.
Las disposiciones deben alinearse con las aspiraciones públicas.
B1 noun /braɪd/

Bride

novia
Meaning
a woman on her wedding day or just before and after the event
Example
The beautiful bride walked down the aisle in her white wedding dress.
La hermosa novia caminó por el pasillo con su vestido de novia blanco.
B2 noun /ˈbɑː.li/

Barley

cebada
Meaning
a cereal grain used for food, brewing beer, and animal feed
Example
The farmer harvested barley from his fields in autumn.
El agricultor cosechó cebada de sus campos en otoño.
A2 noun /stɛps/

steps

pasos
Meaning
A measure or action, especially one of a series taken in order to deal with or achieve a particular thing.
Example
Taking small steps reduces overwhelm.
Dar pequeños pasos reduce el agobio.
B1 adjective /ˈfæʃənəbəl/

fashionable

a la moda
Meaning
Following the latest styles or trends in clothing, behavior, or ideas
Example
She always wears fashionable clothes to every party.
Ella siempre usa ropa fashionables en cada fiesta.
B1 noun /frʌˈstreɪʃən/

frustration

frustración
Meaning
The feeling of being upset or annoyed due to inability to achieve something.
Example
He felt deep frustration when his plans failed.
Sintió una profunda frustración cuando sus planes fracasaron.
B1 verb /ˈwɪspər/

whisper

susurrar
Meaning
to speak very softly using one's breath without vocal cords
Example
She whispered a secret in my ear.
Ella susurró un secreto en mi oído.
C2 noun /sɛkˈstɛt/

sextet

sexteto
Meaning
a group of six people playing music or a piece written for six performers
Example
The jazz sextet filled the small club with a warm, layered sound.
El sexteto de jazz llenó el pequeño club con un sonido cálido y en capas.
B1 adverb /ˈrel.ə.tɪv.li/

Relatively

relativamente
Meaning
in comparison to something else; quite; fairly
Example
The weather is relatively warm today.
El clima está relativamente cálido hoy.
C2 verb /ˈkæn.tər/

canter

galope lento
Meaning
To ride a horse at a controlled, easy pace between a trot and a gallop.
Example
She cantered her horse across the field with ease.
Ella canteó su caballo por el campo con facilidad.
C1 noun /səˈlaɪ.və/

Saliva

saliva
Meaning
the watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
Example
The dentist asked her to rinse the saliva from her mouth.
El dentista le pidió que enjuagara la saliva de su boca.
A2 adverb /ˈdɪfərəntli/

differently

de manera diferente
Meaning
in a way that is not the same as another or as expected
Example
She approached the problem differently than her colleagues.
Ella abordó el problema de manera diferente que sus colegas.
C1 noun ˈmɑːrdʒɪnəlaɪzd ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəlz

marginalized individuals

individuos marginados
Meaning
People who are treated as insignificant or peripheral to society, often excluded from mainstream social, economic, or political activities.
Example
Marginalized individuals often face severe challenges.
Los individuos marginados a menudo enfrentan desafíos graves.
B2 noun /hiːl/

Heel

talón
Meaning
the back part of the human foot below the ankle
Example
She wore shoes with high heels to the party.
Ella usó zapatos con tacones altos para la fiesta.
C1 adjective /ˈskrʌmpʃəs/

scrumptious

exquisito
Meaning
extremely tasty or delicious
Example
She baked a scrumptious chocolate cake for the party.
Ella horneó un exquisito pastel de chocolate para la fiesta.
A2 noun /ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər/

furniture

muebles
Meaning
Objects such as chairs, tables, beds, or cupboards used to make a room suitable for living or working.
Example
The living room was filled with beautiful wooden furniture.
La sala estaba llena de hermosos muebles de madera.
B2 adjective /ˈmɪl.ki waɪt/

Milky white

blanco lechoso
Meaning
a pure white color resembling milk
Example
The clouds looked milky white against the blue sky.
Las nubes se veían blancas como la leche contra el cielo azul.
C1 noun /ˈper.ɪ.wɪŋ.kəl/

Periwinkle

periwinkle
Meaning
a small trailing plant with violet-blue or white flowers
Example
Purple periwinkles covered the garden ground beautifully.
Las periwinkles moradas cubrían hermosamente el suelo del jardín.
B2 noun /ˈhæn.di.krɑːft/

Handicraft

artesanía
Meaning
an activity involving the making of decorative domestic or other objects with the hands; handmade artistic work
Example
The local market featured beautiful handicrafts made by skilled artisans from the region.
El mercado local presentó hermosas artesanías hechas por hábiles artesanos de la región.
C2 adjective /ˈhɜːrsuːt/

hirsute

hirsuto
Meaning
Having a lot of hair, especially in an unusual place.
Example
The hirsute man stood out in the crowd with his long beard.
El hombre hirsuto destacó entre la multitud con su larga barba.
C1 verb /bɪˈwɪldər/

bewilder

desconcertar
Meaning
to cause someone to be confused or puzzled
Example
The complex instructions bewildered the students.
Las instrucciones complejas desconcertaron a los estudiantes.
B1 noun /prəʊ/

pro

profesional
Meaning
a professional, especially in sports; or a person who is in favor of something
Example
He plays tennis like a pro.
Él juega al tenis como un profesional.
B2 noun /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/

expertise

experiencia
Meaning
Expert knowledge or skill in a particular area.
Example
His expertise in graphic design is widely recognized.
Su experiencia en diseño gráfico es ampliamente reconocida.
A1 adjective /ˈhʌŋɡri/

Hungry

hambriento
Meaning
feeling the need for food; having a strong desire or craving
Example
I am very hungry after working all day.
Tengo mucha hambre después de trabajar todo el día.
B1 noun /lɪd/

Lid

tapa
Meaning
a removable or hinged cover for the top of a container
Example
Please put the lid back on the jar.
Por favor, ponga la tapa de vuelta en el tarro.
A1 adjective /ˈɔːr.ɪndʒ/

Orange

naranja
Meaning
having a color between red and yellow like that of a ripe orange fruit
Example
The orange sunset painted the sky magnificently.
El atardecer naranja pintó el cielo magníficamente.
C1 noun /ˈpriːˌkɜrsər/

precursor

precursor
Meaning
Something or someone that comes before another and indicates the approach of something else.
Example
The steam engine was a precursor to modern trains.
El motor a vapor fue un precursor de los trenes modernos.
C1 adjective /ˈliː.ni.ənt/

Lenient

tolerante; indulgente; misericordioso; no estricto en el castigo o juicio
Meaning
tolerant; forgiving; merciful; not strict in punishment or judgment
Example
The teacher was lenient with students who submitted their homework late.
El maestro fue tolerante con los estudiantes que entregaron su tarea tarde.
A1 adjective /ˈbɪɡɪst/

biggest

el más grande
Meaning
largest in size, amount, degree, or importance; superlative form of big
Example
This is the biggest challenge we have ever faced.
Este es el mayor desafío que hemos enfrentado.
C1 adjective ˌkɑːr.sɪ.nəˈdʒen.ɪk

carcinogenic

carcinógeno
Meaning
Having the potential to cause cancer in living tissue.
Example
Processed meat contains carcinogenic compounds.
La carne procesada contiene compuestos carcinógenos.
B2 adjective /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/

joyful

alegre
Meaning
full of joy and happiness; causing joy or delight
Example
She felt joyful when she heard the good news.
Se sintió alegre cuando escuchó la buena noticia.
C1 verb /ɡloʊt/

gloat

regodearse
Meaning
To take pleasure in someone else's misfortune or to show smug satisfaction.
Example
He couldn't help but gloat over his rival's failure.
Él no pudo evitar regodearse sobre el fracaso de su rival.
A2 adverb /ˈpɒs.ə.bli/

Possibly

posiblemente; tal vez;
Meaning
perhaps; maybe; it may be the case that
Example
It will possibly rain tomorrow.
Posiblemente llueva mañana.
C1 adjective /əˈtrəʊ.ʃəs/

Atrocious

atroz; extremadamente malo o desagradable
Meaning
horrifyingly wicked; extremely bad or unpleasant
Example
The conditions in the prison were atrocious.
Las condiciones en la prisión eran atroces.
A1 adjective /taɪəd/

Tired

cansado
Meaning
feeling exhausted; in need of sleep or rest
Example
I am too tired to continue working.
Estoy demasiado cansado para seguir trabajando.
A2 verb əˈnaʊnst

announced

anunciado
Meaning
To make a public and typically formal declaration about a fact, occurrence, or intention.
Example
The mission was announced publicly.
La misión fue anunciada públicamente.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpruː.dəns/

Imprudence

imprudencia; descuido; temeridad
Meaning
the quality of being imprudent; lack of care for consequences; recklessness
Example
His financial imprudence led to bankruptcy within just two years.
Su imprudencia financiera llevó a la quiebra en solo dos años.
C2 noun /ˌdɪspjuːˈteɪʃən/

disputation

disputa
Meaning
a formal debate or argument
Example
The disputation between the two scholars lasted for hours.
La disputación entre los dos académicos duró horas.
C2 verb /kənˈvʌls/

convulse

sacudirse violentamente; sufrir contracciones involuntarias repentinas
Meaning
to shake violently; to suffer sudden involuntary contractions
Example
The patient convulsed during the seizure.
El paciente convulsionó durante el ataque.
B2 adjective /əˈkjuːt/

acute

agudo
Meaning
present or experienced to a severe or intense degree; having sharp perception
Example
The patient suffered from acute pain after the surgery.
El paciente sufrió de dolor agudo después de la cirugía.
C1 verb ˈsɪŋ.krə.naɪz

synchronize

sincronizar
Meaning
To coordinate in time; to cause to occur or operate at the same time or rate.
Example
The dancers need to synchronize their movements.
Los bailarines necesitan sincronizar sus movimientos.
C1 noun, verb /ˈkɒmjuːn/

commune

comuna / comunicarse íntimamente
Meaning
Noun: a group of people living together and sharing possessions; Verb: to share one's thoughts or feelings intimately.
Example
She went to the countryside to commune with nature.
Ella fue al campo para comunicarse con la naturaleza.
C2 noun /ˈwɪtlɪŋ/

witling

tonto / farsante sabio
Meaning
a person who has little wit or pretends to be witty
Example
He acted like a witling among scholars.
Él actuó como un tonto entre los eruditos.
A2 noun /ˈfæʃ.ən/

fashion

moda
Meaning
a popular or accepted style of clothing, behavior, or way of doing something
Example
She always keeps up with the latest fashion.
Ella siempre sigue la última moda.
C2 noun /ˈhɛksəˌpɒd/

hexapod

hexápodo
Meaning
An insect or other organism with six legs.
Example
The scientist observed a hexapod crawling on the leaf.
El científico observó un hexápodo arrastrándose sobre la hoja.
C1 verb/adjective /dɪˈdʒɛnəreɪt/

degenerate

degenerar
Meaning
To decline or deteriorate in quality, character, or condition; or someone with low moral standards.
Example
The once thriving empire began to degenerate into chaos.
El imperio que una vez prosperó comenzó a degenerar en el caos.
B2 noun, verb /bluːm/

bloom

florecer
Meaning
to produce flowers; to develop or flourish; a flower or the state of flowering
Example
The roses bloom beautifully every spring.
Las rosas florecen bellamente cada primavera.
C1 adverb /ˈvælɪdli/

validly

válidamente
Meaning
in a legally, logically, or officially acceptable manner
Example
The contract was validly signed by both parties.
El contrato fue firmado válidamente por ambas partes.
C2 adjective /sɪˈnæp.tɪk/

synaptic

sináptico
Meaning
Related to the signal transmission process between nerve cells.
Example
Learning strengthens synaptic connections in the brain.
El aprendizaje fortalece las conexiones sinápticas en el cerebro.
C1 verb /dɪˈfeɪm/

defame

difamar
Meaning
to harm someone's reputation by spreading false information
Example
He was defamed by malicious rumors.
Él fue difamado por rumores maliciosos.
C2 adjective /daɪˈɒsɪsən/

diocesan

relacionado con una diócesis
Meaning
relating to a diocese or the district under the supervision of a bishop in the Christian Church
Example
The diocesan council met to discuss church affairs.
El consejo diocesano se reunió para discutir los asuntos de la iglesia.
C1 noun /mɑːrˈsuːpiəl/

marsupial

mamífero que lleva y alimenta a sus crías en una bolsa
Meaning
A type of mammal that carries and nourishes its young in a pouch, like kangaroos and koalas.
Example
The kangaroo is a well-known marsupial.
El canguro es un marsúpial bien conocido.
B1 noun /ˌrɛdʒɪˈstreɪʃən/

registration

registro
Meaning
the action or process of enrolling or signing up for something
Example
The registration for the event will close tomorrow.
La inscripción para el evento se cerrará mañana.
B2 adjective /ɡrɪm/

grim

grave
Meaning
very serious or gloomy in appearance or outlook
Example
The future looked grim after the disaster.
El futuro parecía grave después del desastre.
C1 noun /treɪd fəˌsɪl.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

trade facilitation

facilitación del comercio
Meaning
The simplification, modernization and harmonization of export and import processes.
Example
Trade facilitation boosts economic growth.
La facilitación del comercio impulsa el crecimiento económico.
C2 verb /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛs/

convalesce

recuperarse, recuperar salud y fuerza después de una enfermedad o tratamiento médico
Meaning
to recover health and strength after illness or medical treatment
Example
After the surgery, she spent several weeks convalescing at home.
Después de la cirugía, pasó varias semanas convaleciendo en casa.
C1 noun /waɪld bɔːr/

Wild-Boar

jabalí salvaje
Meaning
a wild pig that lives in forests and has long curved teeth
Example
The wild boar ran through the forest quickly.
El jabalí salvaje corrió rápidamente a través del bosque.
C1 noun /ˈrʌp.tʃər/

Rupture

ruptura; quiebre de relaciones
Meaning
breaking or bursting apart; breakdown of relations
Example
The rupture in the pipeline caused a massive oil spill.
La ruptura en la tubería causó un gran derrame de petróleo.
B1 adjective /ˌriːəˈlɪstɪk/

realistic

realista
Meaning
having or showing a sensible and practical idea of what can be achieved or expected
Example
She gave a realistic estimate of the project's cost.
Ella dio una estimación realista del costo del proyecto.
B2 verb /dɪˈskrɪmɪˌneɪt/

discriminate

discriminar
Meaning
To treat someone unfairly based on race, gender, or other differences; or to recognize a distinction.
Example
The law prohibits employers from discriminating against women.
La ley prohíbe a los empleadores discriminar contra las mujeres.
B2 adjective /ˈdʒɒli/

jolly

alegre
Meaning
Full of good humor and cheerfulness.
Example
The children were in a jolly mood at the party.
Los niños estaban de buen ánimo en la fiesta.
C1 verb /əˈliː.vi.eɪt/

alleviate

aliviar o mitigar
Meaning
To make suffering, deficiency, or a problem less severe; to relieve or ease.
Example
Meditation can alleviate stress and improve focus.
La meditación puede aliviar el estrés y mejorar el enfoque.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrljuː/

purlieu

área periférica
Meaning
The area near or surrounding a place; an outlying or neighboring district.
Example
They spent the afternoon exploring the purlieus of the ancient city.
Pasaron la tarde explorando los purlíus de la antigua ciudad.
C1 verb /rɪˈbjuːk/

rebuke

reprender
Meaning
to criticize or scold sharply; to express disapproval
Example
The teacher had to rebuke the student for cheating.
El maestro tuvo que reprender al estudiante por hacer trampa.
A2 noun /ˈkɒm.ent/

comment

comentario
Meaning
a verbal or written remark expressing an opinion or reaction
Example
She posted a kind comment on my photo.
Ella publicó un comentario amable en mi foto.
A2 noun /kriːm/

Cream

crema
Meaning
the thick white or pale yellow fatty liquid that rises to the top of milk
Example
She whipped the cream until it became fluffy.
Ella batió la crema hasta que se volvió esponjosa.
B2 noun ˈsəʊ.ʃəl ˈdʒʌs.tɪs

social justice

justicia social
Meaning
Justice in terms of the distribution of wealth, opportunities, and privileges within a society.
Example
Social justice ensures equality of opportunity.
La justicia social asegura la igualdad de oportunidades.
A1 verb /stænd/

stand

ponerse de pie
Meaning
to be in an upright position; to tolerate or endure
Example
Please stand up when the teacher enters.
Por favor, póngase de pie cuando entre el maestro.
A1 adjective /dɑːk/

Dark

oscuro
Meaning
having little or no light; of a deep shade approaching black
Example
She prefers dark colors for her winter clothes.
Ella prefiere colores oscuros para su ropa de invierno.
B2 adjective /ˈdræs.tɪk/

Drastic

drástico; severo; de gran alcance
Meaning
extreme; severe; having a strong or far-reaching effect
Example
The company took drastic measures to reduce costs.
La empresa tomó medidas drásticas para reducir costos.
B1 noun ɪmˈpruːv.mənts

improvements

mejoras
Meaning
The action of making or becoming better; an instance of something becoming or being made better.
Example
Continuous improvements increase productivity.
Las mejoras continuas aumentan la productividad.
C1 adjective /rɪˈkʌr.ənt/

Recurrent

recurrente
Meaning
happening repeatedly; occurring again and again; periodic;
Example
She has been suffering from recurrent headaches for months.
Ella ha estado sufriendo dolores de cabeza recurrentes durante meses.
B2 noun /kəˈmændər/

Commander

comandante
Meaning
a person in authority over a military unit; leader of armed forces
Example
The commander ordered his troops to advance.
El comandante ordenó a sus tropas que avanzaran.
A2 noun /ˈdaɪəri/

diary

diario
Meaning
a book in which one keeps a daily record of events and experiences
Example
She wrote about her day in her diary before going to bed.
Ella escribió sobre su día en su diario antes de acostarse.
C1 noun /ˈtʃæs.tɪ.ti/

Chastity

castidad; virginidad; moderación;
Meaning
the practice of refraining from extramarital or premarital sexual relations; sexual purity
Example
Many religious traditions value chastity as a virtue of moral purity.
Muchas tradiciones religiosas valoran la castidad como una virtud de pureza moral.
C2 noun /ˌɑːbdʒərˈɡeɪʃən/

objurgation

reprensión severa
Meaning
a harsh scolding or strong rebuke
Example
His misconduct earned him a severe objurgation from the manager.
Su mala conducta le valió una severa reprensión por parte del gerente.
B2 adjective /ˈsel.jə.lər/

Cellular

celular
Meaning
relating to cells; consisting of cells; relating to mobile phone technology
Example
Cellular technology has revolutionized communication.
La tecnología celular ha revolucionado la comunicación.
C2 noun /prɪˈzɛntmənt/

presentment

presentación formal
Meaning
The act of presenting something formally or officially; a formal statement or document.
Example
The lawyer made a presentment of the evidence to the court.
El abogado hizo una presentación de las pruebas ante el tribunal.
A2 verb /əˈtæk/

attack

atacar
Meaning
to use violence against someone; to criticize strongly
Example
The enemy forces attacked at dawn.
Las fuerzas enemigas atacaron al amanecer.
B1 noun /kəʊst/

Coast

costa
Meaning
the part of the land near the sea; the edge of the land
Example
We drove along the coast to enjoy the view.
Condujimos a lo largo de la costa para disfrutar de la vista.
C2 adjective /ˈfɜːr.vɪd/

Fervid

apasionado; intensamente entusiasta; ardiente de emoción
Meaning
passionate; intensely enthusiastic; burning with emotion
Example
She gave a fervid speech about environmental protection.
Ella dio un discurso fervido sobre la protección del medio ambiente.
A2 noun/verb /kɔːz/

cause

causa / causar
Meaning
a person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition; to make something happen
Example
The heavy rain caused flooding in the city.
La lluvia fuerte causó inundaciones en la ciudad.
B2 noun /strɪp/

Strip

una tira larga y estrecha de tela, papel, plástico u otro material
Meaning
a long narrow piece of cloth, paper, plastic, or other material
Example
She tore a strip of paper from the notebook.
Ella arrancó una tira de papel del cuaderno.
C2 noun /ˈhɔːθɔːrn/

hawthorn

arbusto espinoso
Meaning
A thorny shrub or small tree with white or pink flowers, often used for hedges.
Example
The garden was lined with blooming hawthorn bushes.
El jardín estaba rodeado de arbustos de espino en flor.
C2 adjective /ʌnˈstɪntɪŋ/

unstinting

generoso
Meaning
given generously without holding back
Example
She received unstinting support from her family.
Ella recibió un apoyo generoso de su familia.
B2 noun /ˈdʒɜːr.nəl/

Journal

revista
Meaning
a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject; a daily record of events
Example
She kept a personal journal to record her thoughts and experiences.
Ella mantuvo un diario personal para registrar sus pensamientos y experiencias.
B1 adjective /ɪkˈspɛktɪd/

expected

esperado
Meaning
Regarded as likely to happen; anticipated or predicted.
Example
The unemployment rate is expected to decline further.
Se espera que la tasa de desempleo disminuya aún más.
C2 adjective /blaɪð/

blithe

despreocupado
Meaning
Showing a casual and cheerful indifference considered improper or carefree happiness.
Example
She had a blithe disregard for the rules.
Ella tenía un desprecio despreocupado por las reglas.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːd/

impede

impedir
Meaning
To obstruct or hinder the progress or development of something.
Example
Lack of funds can impede business growth.
La falta de fondos puede impedir el crecimiento empresarial.
B1 noun /wiːt/

wheat

trigo
Meaning
a cereal plant whose grain is used to make flour for bread and other foods
Example
Farmers harvested the wheat in early summer.
Los agricultores cosecharon el trigo a principios del verano.
B1 verb /spaɪ/

spy

espía
Meaning
to secretly collect information about a person, group, or country
Example
He was caught spying on his neighbor through the window.
Lo atraparon espiando a su vecino a través de la ventana.
C2 adjective /ˈblɪŋkəd/

blinkered

limitado
Meaning
Having a limited or narrow outlook; unable or unwilling to consider other perspectives.
Example
His blinkered attitude stopped him from seeing the bigger picture.
Su actitud limitada le impidió ver el panorama completo.
C2 adjective /ˈhæŋ.dɔːɡ/

hangdog

avergonzado
Meaning
looking or feeling ashamed, guilty, or defeated.
Example
He gave me a hangdog look after being caught lying.
Él me dio una mirada avergonzada después de ser atrapado mintiendo.
B2 noun /ˈɑːnər/

honor

honor
Meaning
high respect; great esteem
Example
He received an award in honor of his achievements.
Recibió un premio en honor a sus logros.
C1 phrasal verb /ɡlɒs ˈoʊ.vər/

gloss over

pasar por alto / minimizar
Meaning
to avoid discussing something unpleasant or make it seem less important
Example
The report glossed over the company's financial problems.
El informe pasó por alto los problemas financieros de la empresa.
C1 verb /dɪsˈɡrʌntl/

disgruntle

descontentar
Meaning
to make someone dissatisfied or discontented
Example
The unfair treatment disgruntled the workers.
El trato injusto descontentó a los trabajadores.
B2 noun /ˈrɪb.ən/

ribbon

cinta
Meaning
a long, narrow strip of fabric used for tying or decoration
Example
She tied her hair with a red ribbon.
Ella ató su cabello con una cinta roja.
B2 noun /ˈmeɪər/

mayor

alcalde
Meaning
The elected head of a city, town, or municipality.
Example
The mayor announced a new policy to improve public transport.
El alcalde anunció una nueva política para mejorar el transporte público.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɑːrt/

impart

impartir
Meaning
to make information known; to bestow or communicate
Example
The teacher imparted valuable knowledge to her students.
La maestra impartió valioso conocimiento a sus estudiantes.
B2 adjective /ˌpeɪ.triˈɑː.tɪk/

Patriotic

patriótico
Meaning
showing love for one's country
Example
The patriotic citizens celebrated Independence Day with great enthusiasm.
Los ciudadanos patrióticos celebraron el Día de la Independencia con gran entusiasmo.
B2 adverb /ˈvɜː.tʃu.ə.li/

Virtually

virtualmente; casi;
Meaning
nearly; almost; in effect though not in name
Example
The building was virtually destroyed in the earthquake.
El edificio fue virtualmente destruido en el terremoto.
C1 verb /ˈɡɑː.nər/

garner

recoger
Meaning
To gather or collect, especially information, support, or approval.
Example
The politician garnered support from young voters.
El político recogió apoyo de los jóvenes votantes.
C1 adjective /ˈmɜːki/

murky

turbio
Meaning
Dark, gloomy, and difficult to see through; obscure.
Example
We avoided swimming in the murky river.
Evitamos nadar en el río turbio.
C1 noun /ˈɛpɪˌlɔːɡ/

epilogue

epílogo
Meaning
A section at the end of a book, play, or speech that serves as a conclusion.
Example
The author included an epilogue to explain what happened to the characters later.
El autor incluyó un epílogo para explicar lo que sucedió con los personajes después.
B2 verb /pruːn/

prune

podar
Meaning
to cut off unwanted parts of a plant or tree to help it grow better
Example
Gardeners prune the trees in spring to encourage growth.
Los jardineros podan los árboles en primavera para fomentar el crecimiento.
C1 noun ˈlɪniɪdʒ

Lineage

linaje
Meaning
Direct descent from an ancestor; ancestry or pedigree.
Example
Tracing your lineage can reveal unknown ancestors.
Rastrear tu linaje puede revelar antepasados desconocidos.
B2 verb /ˈɛskɔrt/

escort

acompañar
Meaning
to accompany someone; to guide or protect while going somewhere
Example
The guard escorted the visitor to the office.
El guardia escoltó al visitante a la oficina.
C1 verb /ˈʃɪmər/

shimmer

brillar tenuemente
Meaning
To shine with a soft, wavering light.
Example
The lake shimmered under the moonlight.
El lago brillaba bajo la luz de la luna.
B2 verb /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/

contaminate

contaminar
Meaning
To make something impure, dirty, or harmful by contact with a poisonous or polluting substance.
Example
The river was contaminated by industrial waste.
El río fue contaminado por desechos industriales.
C1 noun /ɪɡˈzɛkjətər/

executor

ejecutor de testamento
Meaning
A person appointed to carry out the terms of someone's will after their death.
Example
The executor managed the estate according to the deceased’s wishes.
El ejecutor gestionó la propiedad según los deseos del fallecido.
C1 noun /ˈspaɪər/

spire

aguja
Meaning
a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, especially a church
Example
The church spire could be seen from miles away.
La aguja de la iglesia se podía ver desde kilómetros de distancia.
B2 adjective /ˈtrɒp.ɪ.kəl/

tropical

tropical
Meaning
Relating to the tropics; characterized by hot and humid climate.
Example
The Amazon rainforest is home to many tropical species.
La selva amazónica es hogar de muchas especies tropicales.
B2 noun/verb /kəˈmjuː.tɪŋ/

commuting

viaje diario
Meaning
Regular travel to and from workplace, daily journey for work.
Example
He spends two hours commuting to work every day.
Él pasa dos horas viajando al trabajo todos los días.
C2 noun /ˈmʌɡwʌmp/

mugwump

persona ajena a la política de partidos
Meaning
a person who remains independent from party politics or remains aloof from disputes
Example
He was called a mugwump for refusing to join either political side.
Se le llamó mugwump por negarse a unirse a cualquiera de los dos lados políticos.