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B1 noun /bɑːn/

barn

granero
Meaning
a large building used for storing grain or housing farm animals
Example
The farmer keeps his cows in the barn.
El granjero guarda sus vacas en el granero.
B1 adjective ˈɪnəveɪtɪv

innovative

innovador
Meaning
Featuring new methods; advanced and original
Example
Innovative strategies are required to combat pollution.
Se requieren estrategias innovadoras para combatir la contaminación.
B1 verb /ʌnˈlɒk/

unlock

desbloquear
Meaning
to open something that is locked; to make something accessible or available
Example
She used the key to unlock the door.
Usó la llave para desbloquear la puerta.
B1 adjective /təˈrɪfɪk/

terrific

fantástico
Meaning
extremely good or excellent; very great or intense
Example
The concert last night was absolutely terrific.
El concierto de anoche fue absolutamente fantástico.
B1 verb /ˈhɛdɪŋ/

heading

dirigiéndose
Meaning
Moving in a particular direction.
Example
The ship is heading toward Antarctica.
El barco se dirige hacia la Antártida.
B1 adverb /ˌnesəˈserəli/

Necessarily

necesariamente; de manera inevitable;
Meaning
as a necessary result; inevitably; by logical consequence
Example
Rich people are not necessarily happy.
Las personas ricas no son necesariamente felices.
B1 noun /kəˈsiːnoʊ/

casino

casino
Meaning
a place where people gamble and play games of chance
Example
They spent the evening playing cards at the casino.
Pasaron la tarde jugando cartas en el casino.
B1 adjective ɪnˈdʌs.tri.əl

industrial

industrial
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by industry.
Example
Industrial sectors boost exports.
Los sectores industriales aumentan las exportaciones.
B1 noun /poʊl/

pole

poste
Meaning
a long, slender, vertical object or structure, typically made of wood, metal, or another material
Example
They placed the flag on top of the pole.
Colocaron la bandera en la parte superior del poste.
B1 noun /ˈrɪðəm/

rhythm

ritmo
Meaning
a strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound
Example
The rhythm of the music made everyone want to dance.
El ritmo de la música hizo que todos quisieran bailar.
B1 noun əˈnæl.ə.sɪs

analysis

análisis
Meaning
Detailed examination and evaluation of data or information to understand its components and relationships.
Example
Data analysis is crucial for machine learning models.
El análisis de datos es crucial para los modelos de aprendizaje automático.
B1 noun /ˈθʌn.dər/

Thunder

trueno
Meaning
the loud rumbling sound that follows lightning; to make a loud deep sound
Example
We heard thunder rolling across the sky.
Escuchamos el trueno rodando a través del cielo.
B1 noun /ˈpɜr.fjuːm/

Perfume

perfume
Meaning
a fragrant liquid made from essential oils and alcohol; a pleasant smell
Example
She wore her favorite perfume to the party.
Ella llevaba su perfume favorito a la fiesta.
B1 adverb /pəˈlaɪt.li/

Politely

educadamente;
Meaning
in a respectful and considerate manner; courteously; with good manners
Example
She politely declined the invitation because she had other commitments.
Ella declinó educadamente la invitación porque tenía otros compromisos.
B1 noun /ˈsʌn.laɪt/

sunlight

luz solar
Meaning
Direct light from the sun.
Example
Sunlight does not reach the abyssal depths of the ocean.
La luz solar no llega a las profundidades abisales del océano.
B1 noun /ˈɝːθ.kweɪk/

earthquake

terremoto
Meaning
A sudden and violent shaking of the ground as a result of movements within the earth's crust.
Example
A powerful earthquake struck Japan last night.
Un terremoto poderoso golpeó Japón anoche.
B1 adverb /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

Otherwise

de otra manera; si no; o sino
Meaning
in a different way; if not; or else; apart from that
Example
Study hard, otherwise you will fail the exam.
Estudia mucho, de lo contrario, reprobarás el examen.
B1 verb /dɪp/

dip

sumergir
Meaning
to put something quickly into a liquid and take it out again
Example
She dipped her bread into the soup.
Ella sumergió su pan en la sopa.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

vitamina
Meaning
a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.
Las frutas y verduras son fuentes ricas en vitaminas.
B1 noun /kənˈsjuːmər/

consumer

consumidor
Meaning
A person who buys and uses goods and services.
Example
The company focuses on understanding consumer needs.
La empresa se centra en comprender las necesidades de los consumidores.
B1 noun /ˌsaʊθˈiːst/

southeast

sureste
Meaning
the direction that is between south and east; a region in that direction
Example
The city is located in the southeast of the country.
La ciudad está ubicada en el sureste del país.
B1 noun /ˈædvərˌtaɪzɪŋ/

advertising

publicidad
Meaning
the activity of producing advertisements for products or services
Example
The company spends millions on advertising every year.
La empresa gasta millones en publicidad cada año.
B1 noun, verb /ɡrɪl/

grill

parrilla / asar
Meaning
a metal frame used for cooking food over an open fire; to cook food on such a frame
Example
We grilled some chicken for dinner.
Asamos algo de pollo para la cena.
B1 verb /ɪkˈspænd/

expand

expandir
Meaning
To increase in size, number, or importance.
Example
The company plans to expand its operations into new markets.
La empresa planea expandir sus operaciones a nuevos mercados.
B1 noun /doʊˈneɪ.ʃən/

Donation

donación; contribución
Meaning
something that is given to a charity, especially a sum of money; the act of giving
Example
The generous donation helped the hospital purchase new medical equipment.
La generosa donación ayudó al hospital a comprar nuevos equipos médicos.
B1 adverb /ˈpɑrtli/

Partly

parcialmente; en parte;
Meaning
to some extent; not completely; in part
Example
The weather was partly cloudy today.
El clima estaba parcialmente nublado hoy.
B1 noun /ˌek.sɪˈbɪʃ.ən/

Exhibition

exhibición
Meaning
a public display of works of art or other items of interest
Example
The art exhibition featured paintings from local artists throughout the region.
La exposición de arte presentó pinturas de artistas locales de toda la región.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːdʒəri/

surgery

cirugía
Meaning
a medical procedure involving the cutting of the body to treat a condition
Example
She underwent surgery to remove the tumor.
Ella se sometió a una cirugía para eliminar el tumor.
B1 adverb /ˈpraʊdli/

proudly

con orgullo
Meaning
in a way that shows pride or satisfaction; with a sense of honor or achievement
Example
She proudly displayed her achievements to her family.
Ella mostró con orgullo sus logros a su familia.
B1 verb /ɪɡˈzæm.ɪn/

examine

felicidad
Meaning
to look at something carefully in order to understand it
Example
The doctor will examine the patient tomorrow.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B1 adverb /ˈtɛmpərɛrɪli/

temporarily

temporalmente
Meaning
for a limited time; not permanently
Example
The road is closed temporarily for repairs.
La carretera está cerrada temporalmente para reparaciones.
B1 adjective /ˈtrʌbəld/

troubled

preocupado
Meaning
experiencing or showing distress, anxiety, or worry
Example
He looked deeply troubled after hearing the bad news.
Parecía profundamente preocupado después de escuchar las malas noticias.
B1 adjective /ˈɡɪl.ti/

Guilty

culpable
Meaning
having committed a crime or offense; feeling responsible for wrongdoing
Example
She felt guilty about lying to her parents.
Ella se sintió culpable por mentirle a sus padres.
B1 noun /mʌɡ/

Mug

taza
Meaning
a large cup, typically cylindrical and having a handle and used without a saucer
Example
She drank her morning coffee from a ceramic mug.
Ella bebió su café de la mañana de una taza de cerámica.
B1 noun /ˈspɪn.ɪtʃ/

Spinach

espinaca
Meaning
a vegetable with large dark green leaves that are eaten cooked or uncooked
Example
Fresh spinach is very nutritious.
La espinaca fresca es muy nutritiva.
B1 verb /əˈdæpt/

adapt

adaptar
Meaning
to adjust or change something to suit new conditions or situations
Example
He quickly adapted to the new environment.
Él rápidamente se adaptó al nuevo entorno.
B1 noun ˈdʒʌstɪs

justice

justicia
Meaning
Just behavior or treatment; the quality of being fair and reasonable.
Example
Justice is sought by the oppressed characters in the story.
La justicia es buscada por los personajes oprimidos en la historia.
B1 noun pəˈten.ʃəl

potential

potencial
Meaning
Having or showing the capacity to become or develop into something in the future.
Example
The potential for innovation is immense.
El potencial para la innovación es inmenso.
B1 adjective /dɪˈtɜːrmɪnd/

determined

determinado
Meaning
Having firmly decided to do something and not letting anything stop you.
Example
She was determined to finish her studies despite many obstacles.
Ella estaba decidida a terminar sus estudios a pesar de muchos obstáculos.
B1 preposition /ˈvaɪə/ or /ˈviːə/

via

a través de
Meaning
through, by way of, or using a particular route or means
Example
She sent the documents via email.
Ella envió los documentos a través de correo electrónico.
B1 noun /stiːl/

steel

acero
Meaning
a strong, hard metal made of iron and carbon
Example
The building was made from steel to ensure its durability.
El edificio fue hecho de acero para garantizar su durabilidad.
B1 verb /swɪtʃ/

switch

cambiar
Meaning
to change from one thing to another; to exchange or replace
Example
I switched from coffee to tea.
Cambié de café a té.
B1 noun /rɪˈspɒns/

Response

respuesta; reacción
Meaning
a reaction to something; an answer or reply; the way in which something reacts to external stimulus
Example
The government's response to the crisis was swift and decisive.
La respuesta del gobierno a la crisis fue rápida y decisiva.
B1 noun /tuː θɜːrdz/

two-thirds

dos tercios
Meaning
a fraction equal to two parts of three; 2/3.
Example
Two-thirds of the students passed the exam.
Dos tercios de los estudiantes aprobaron el examen.
B1 adjective /ˈɛnd.ləs/

Endless

sin fin; infinito; ilimitado
Meaning
having no end; infinite; limitless
Example
The ocean seemed endless from the shore.
El océano parecía infinito desde la orilla.
B1 noun /ˈtʃær.ɪ.ti/

Charity

caridad; generosidad; altruismo
Meaning
the voluntary giving of help to those in need; kindness and tolerance in judging others
Example
The wealthy businessman donated millions to charity for education.
El empresario adinerado donó millones a la caridad para la educación.
B1 noun ˈdɪsɪplɪn

discipline

disciplina
Meaning
The practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behavior, using punishment to correct disobedience
Example
Discipline helps maintain focus and productivity.
La disciplina ayuda a mantener el enfoque y la productividad.
B1 verb /ədˈvaɪz/

advise

aconsejar
Meaning
to recommend what should be done; to give advice
Example
The doctor advised him to rest for a week.
El doctor le aconsejó descansar por una semana.
B1 adverb /ˈdef.ɪ.nət.li/

Definitely

definitivamente
Meaning
without doubt; certainly; clearly
Example
I will definitely attend the meeting tomorrow.
Yo definitivamente asistiré a la reunión mañana.
B1 noun /nuːn/

noon

mediodía
Meaning
12 o'clock in the daytime; midday
Example
The meeting will start at noon.
La reunión comenzará a mediodía.
B1 adjective /ˈneɪtɪv/

native

nativo
Meaning
Belonging to a person by birth; originating in a particular place.
Example
He is a native speaker of Bengali.
Él es un hablante nativo de bengalí.
B1 noun /ˈpɪkʌp/

pickup

camión pequeño con una parte trasera abierta; el acto de recoger o mejorar algo
Meaning
a small truck with an open back; the act of collecting or improving something
Example
The company scheduled a pickup for the returned goods.
La empresa programó una recogida para los productos devueltos.
B1 adjective /ˌʌnˈpeɪd/

Unpaid

no remunerado; sin pago
Meaning
not paid for; without payment or salary
Example
She worked as an unpaid intern for six months.
Trabajó como una pasante no remunerada durante seis meses.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈfeər/

Unfair

injusto; desleal;
Meaning
not right or just; treating people in a way that favors some over others
Example
It's unfair to blame her for something she didn't do.
Es injusto culparla por algo que no hizo.
B1 noun /ˈsʌp.ər/

Supper

cena
Meaning
an evening meal, typically a light or informal one
Example
We usually have supper around seven o'clock.
Normalmente cenamos alrededor de las siete en punto.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːvənt/

servant

sirviente
Meaning
a person who performs duties for others, especially in a household
Example
The servant opened the door for the guests.
El sirviente abrió la puerta para los invitados.
B1 noun /pɪl/

pill

pastilla
Meaning
a small round piece of medicine to be swallowed
Example
He took a pill to relieve his headache.
Tomó una pastilla para aliviar su dolor de cabeza.
B1 adjective /ˈhoʊmləs/

homeless

sin hogar
Meaning
Without a home, and therefore typically living on the streets.
Example
The organization helps homeless people find shelter.
La organización ayuda a las personas sin hogar a encontrar refugio.
B1 adjective /ˈrɔɪ.əl/

Royal

real
Meaning
belonging to or connected with the monarch or monarchy; magnificent; excellent
Example
The royal family attended the ceremony.
La familia real asistió a la ceremonia.
B1 noun ɪˈkɒnəmiːz

economies

economías
Meaning
The wealth and resources of a country or region.
Example
Emerging economies have been growing rapidly over the past decade.
Las economías emergentes han estado creciendo rápidamente en la última década.
B1 noun, verb /strɪŋ/

string

hilo
Meaning
a thin piece of cord or thread; to tie or fasten with a string
Example
She tied the package with a string.
Ella ató el paquete con un hilo.
B1 noun /ˈplæt.fɔːm/

platform

plataforma
Meaning
A raised level surface on which people or things can stand.
Example
The platform was used to discuss collaboration.
La plataforma se utilizó para discutir colaboración.
B1 noun /ˈfɔːr.tʃən/

Fortune

fortuna; suerte; riqueza
Meaning
chance or luck as an external, arbitrary force affecting human affairs; a large amount of money or assets
Example
He made his fortune by investing wisely in technology companies.
Hizo su fortuna invirtiendo sabiamente en empresas tecnológicas.
B1 verb /ˈwɒndər/

Wander

deambular
Meaning
to walk aimlessly without a fixed destination
Example
She likes to wander through the old city streets.
A ella le gusta deambular por las viejas calles de la ciudad.
B1 adverb /səkˈsɛsfəli/

successfully

exitosamente
Meaning
in a way that achieves a desired result
Example
She passed the exam successfully after weeks of studying.
Ella aprobó el examen con éxito después de semanas de estudio.
B1 noun /prɪnt/

Print

impresión; marca; huella;
Meaning
words, letters, or pictures produced on paper using a machine; a mark made by pressing something onto a surface
Example
The book is available in both digital and print versions.
El libro está disponible en versiones tanto digitales como impresas.
B1 noun /əˈkeɪ.ʒən/

Occasion

ocasión; evento especial
Meaning
a particular time or instance of an event; a special celebration
Example
Their wedding was a joyous occasion.
Su boda fue una ocasión alegre.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈʃʊr/

unsure

inseguro
Meaning
not certain or confident; feeling doubt
Example
She felt unsure about the decision.
Ella se sentía insegura sobre la decisión.
B1 noun /ˈkɑːr.pən.tər/

Carpenter

carpintero
Meaning
a person who makes and repairs wooden objects and structures
Example
The carpenter built a beautiful wooden cabinet for the kitchen.
El carpintero construyó un hermoso gabinete de madera para la cocina.
B1 verb /kleɪm/

claim

reclamar
Meaning
to assert ownership; to state as fact
Example
He claims to be the rightful owner.
Él afirma ser el legítimo propietario.
B1 noun ˈtɑː.ɡɪt

target

objetivo
Meaning
An object, person, or place selected as the aim of an attack or focus of attention.
Example
Achieving energy targets is critical for global progress.
Lograr los objetivos de energía es crítico para el progreso global.
B1 noun /ˈkæt.ər.pɪl.ər/

Caterpillar

oruga
Meaning
the larva of a butterfly or moth that feeds on plants
Example
The caterpillar ate all the leaves on the plant.
La oruga comió todas las hojas de la planta.
B1 noun /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃən/

operation

operación
Meaning
an act or process of functioning or operating
Example
The hospital performed a successful operation.
El hospital realizó una operación exitosa.
B1 noun /dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ/

decision-making

toma de decisiones
Meaning
the process of making decisions, especially important or business-related decisions
Example
The CEO's decision-making was crucial for the success of the company.
La toma de decisiones del CEO fue crucial para el éxito de la empresa.
B1 adjective /ˈnɔːðərn/

northern

del norte
Meaning
relating to the north or situated in the north
Example
The northern part of the country is known for its cold climate.
La parte norte del país es conocida por su clima frío.
B1 verb kənˈsjuːmz

consumes

consumir
Meaning
Use up (a resource); eat, drink, or ingest (food or drink).
Example
An individual consumes around 20 kg of plastic annually.
Una persona consume alrededor de 20 kg de plástico anualmente.
B1 noun /ˈpʌn.ɪʃ.mənt/

Punishment

castigo
Meaning
penalty given for doing something wrong or breaking a rule
Example
The student received punishment for cheating on the exam.
El estudiante recibió un castigo por hacer trampa en el examen.
B1 noun /rɪˈfjuːz/

Refuse

basura; rechazo
Meaning
waste material; garbage; to decline or reject something
Example
Please put the refuse in the designated bins.
Por favor, ponga la basura en los cubos designados.
B1 verb /spred/

spread

esparcir
Meaning
to extend over a larger area; to distribute; to apply
Example
The news spread quickly through the town.
La noticia se esparció rápidamente por el pueblo.
B1 noun /kəˌmjunɪˈkeɪʃən/

communication

comunicación
Meaning
The act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviors to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc.
Example
Effective communication is crucial for any successful project.
La comunicación efectiva es crucial para cualquier proyecto exitoso.
B1 verb /kənˈɡrætʃʊleɪt/

congratulate

felicitar
Meaning
to praise someone for an achievement or for a special occasion
Example
I want to congratulate you on your promotion.
Quiero felicitarte por tu ascenso.
B1 noun /ˌmɪl.jəˈneər/

Millionaire

millonario
Meaning
A person whose wealth equals or exceeds one million units of currency
Example
He became a millionaire through smart investments and hard work.
Se convirtió en millonario gracias a inversiones inteligentes y trabajo duro.
B1 noun /sɒk/

sock

calcetín
Meaning
a piece of clothing worn on the foot and lower part of the leg.
Example
He put on a pair of clean socks before leaving the house.
Se puso un par de calcetines limpios antes de salir de casa.
B1 noun /ˈwelˌbiː.ɪŋ/

well-being

bienestar
Meaning
The state of being comfortable, healthy, or happy.
Example
Eye lubrication is crucial for overall well-being.
La lubricación ocular es crucial para el bienestar general.
B1 adjective /ˈdɛdɪˌkeɪtɪd/

dedicated

dedicado
Meaning
devoted to a cause, task, or purpose
Example
She is a dedicated teacher who goes above and beyond for her students.
Ella es una maestra dedicada que va más allá por sus estudiantes.
B1 noun /dɪˈbeɪt/

Debate

debate
Meaning
a formal discussion of opposing viewpoints; argument with reasoned points
Example
The political debate lasted for three hours with passionate arguments.
El debate político duró tres horas con argumentos apasionados.
B1 verb /stiːl/

steal

robar
Meaning
to take something without permission; to rob
Example
It's wrong to steal from others.
Está mal robar de los demás.
B1 verb /ɪmˈplɔɪ/

employ

emplear
Meaning
to hire someone to do a job; to use something effectively
Example
The company plans to employ more engineers next year.
La empresa planea emplear más ingenieros el próximo año.
B1 noun /juːˈten.səlz/

Utensils

utensilios
Meaning
tools or implements used for cooking, eating, or serving food
Example
Please wash all the cooking utensils after preparing dinner.
Por favor, lave todos los utensilios de cocina después de preparar la cena.
B1 noun /ˈænəlɪst/

analyst

analista
Meaning
a person who studies or examines something carefully to understand it or make decisions
Example
The financial analyst predicted a rise in the stock market.
El analista financiero predijo un aumento en el mercado de valores.
B1 noun /əˈdʒen.də/

Agenda

agenda
Meaning
a list of items to be discussed at a meeting; a plan of action
Example
The meeting agenda includes budget discussions.
La agenda de la reunión incluye discusiones sobre el presupuesto.
B1 noun ˈfæmɪli triː

Family Tree

Árbol genealógico
Meaning
A diagram showing the relationships between people in several generations of a family.
Example
Creating a family tree helps understand family history.
Crear un árbol genealógico ayuda a entender la historia familiar.
B1 noun /ˈsʌb.mə.riːn/

Sub-marine

submarino
Meaning
a warship with a streamlined hull designed to operate completely submerged in the sea
Example
The submarine dived deep into the ocean to avoid detection.
El submarino se sumergió profundamente en el océano para evitar ser detectado.
B1 verb /fərˈbɪd/

forbid

prohibir
Meaning
to order someone not to do something
Example
The school forbids smoking on campus.
La escuela prohíbe fumar en el campus.
B1 noun ˈklaɪ.mət tʃeɪndʒ

climate change

cambio climático
Meaning
A change in global or regional climate patterns, attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.
Example
Climate change is causing more natural disasters.
El cambio climático está causando más desastres naturales.
B1 adjective /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪŋ/

irritating

irritante
Meaning
causing annoyance, impatience, or mild anger
Example
The constant noise from the street is extremely irritating.
El ruido constante de la calle es extremadamente irritante.
B1 noun /kəʊst/

Coast

costa
Meaning
the part of the land near the sea; the edge of the land
Example
We drove along the coast to enjoy the view.
Condujimos a lo largo de la costa para disfrutar de la vista.
B1 noun ɪmˈplɔɪmənt

employment

empleo
Meaning
The condition of having paid work; the action of giving work to someone.
Example
Employment was limited to Urdu speakers.
El empleo estaba limitado a los hablantes de urdu.
B1 noun /əˈkaʊnt/

Account

cuenta
Meaning
a record of money received and paid out; a report or description of an event
Example
She opened a savings account at the bank.
Ella abrió una cuenta de ahorros en el banco.
B1 noun ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən

conservation

conservación
Meaning
The protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and interesting and important structures and buildings, especially from the damaging effects of human activity.
Example
Conservation of forests is crucial for climate stability.
La conservación de los bosques es crucial para la estabilidad climática.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈsɜːrtən/

Uncertain

incierto
Meaning
not able to be relied on; not known or definite; not having reliable knowledge
Example
I am uncertain about my future career plans.
Estoy incierto sobre mis planes futuros de carrera.
B1 adjective /ˈæn.ju.əl/

annual

anual
Meaning
happening once every year
Example
The company holds an annual meeting for all its shareholders.
La empresa realiza una reunión anual para todos sus accionistas.
B1 adjective /ʃɛrd/

shared

compartido
Meaning
used, done, or experienced by two or more people together
Example
They live in a shared apartment near the university.
Ellos viven en un apartamento compartido cerca de la universidad.
B1 noun /ˈfæn.si/

Fancy

gusto; imaginación o fantasía
Meaning
a feeling of liking or wanting something; imagination or fantasy
Example
The child had a fancy for becoming a famous astronaut when he grew up.
El niño tenía una inclinación por convertirse en un astronauta famoso cuando creciera.
B1 noun /ˈɒnɪsti/

honesty

honestidad
Meaning
the quality of being truthful and sincere
Example
Honesty is the best policy in all situations.
La honestidad es la mejor política en todas las situaciones.
B1 noun /vɒlˈkeɪ.noʊ/

Volcano

felicidad
Meaning
a mountain with an opening through which lava, gas, and ash can escape
Example
The volcano erupted after being dormant for decades.
No pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B1 noun /ˈtreɪ.dər/

Trader

comerciante
Meaning
a person who buys and sells goods or financial securities for profit
Example
The trader made a good profit from selling imported goods.
El comerciante hizo una buena ganancia al vender bienes importados.
B1 noun ɪˈməʊʃənz

emotions

emociones
Meaning
Strong feelings deriving from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with others.
Example
Emotions ran high during the protests.
Las emociones fueron altas durante las protestas.
B1 noun /ˈkɪlər/

killer

asesino
Meaning
A person or thing that kills.
Example
The police caught the killer last night.
La policía atrapó al asesino anoche.
B1 noun /pəˈlɪtɪʃən/

politician

político
Meaning
a person who is involved in politics, especially as a profession
Example
The politician promised to improve the economy.
El político prometió mejorar la economía.
B1 noun /ɛr pəˈluːʃən/

air pollution

contaminación del aire
Meaning
The presence of harmful or poisonous substances in the air, typically caused by industrial processes, vehicle emissions, or other human activities.
Example
Air pollution from factories led to the first environmental movement.
La contaminación del aire de las fábricas dio lugar al primer movimiento ambiental.
B1 noun /ˈbreɪs.lət/

Bracelet

pulsera
Meaning
an ornamental band worn around the wrist
Example
She received a gold bracelet as a birthday gift.
Ella recibió una pulsera de oro como regalo de cumpleaños.
B1 noun /per/

Pear

pera
Meaning
a sweet juicy fruit with a rounded shape that is wider at the bottom than the top
Example
She enjoyed a fresh pear from the orchard.
Ella disfrutó de una pera fresca del huerto.
B1 verb /kwoʊt/

quote

citar
Meaning
to repeat someone else's words; to give a price or estimate
Example
The teacher asked students to quote the famous author in their essays.
El maestro pidió a los estudiantes que citaran al autor famoso en sus ensayos.
B1 adverb /ˈpriːviəsli/

previously

anteriormente
Meaning
at an earlier time or before now
Example
She had previously worked at a bank before starting her own business.
Ella había trabajado anteriormente en un banco antes de comenzar su propio negocio.
B1 verb /briːð/

breathe

respirar
Meaning
To take air into the lungs and send it out again.
Example
It was hard to breathe in the smoky room.
Fue difícil respirar en la habitación llena de humo.
B1 noun /ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/

citizenship

ciudadanía
Meaning
the status of being a recognized member of a state or country, with rights and duties
Example
He applied for American citizenship after living there for ten years.
Solicitó la ciudadanía estadounidense después de vivir allí durante diez años.
B1 adjective ˌdem.əˈkræt.ɪk

democratic

democrático
Meaning
Relating to or supporting democracy or its principles.
Example
Democratic governance ensures equal rights.
La gobernanza democrática asegura derechos iguales.
B1 noun /swiːt pəˈteɪtoʊ/

Sweet potato

batata dulce
Meaning
A root vegetable with sweet flesh, typically orange or purple in color
Example
Roasted sweet potato makes a healthy and delicious side dish.
La batata asada hace un acompañante saludable y delicioso.
B1 verb /stɛə/

stare

mirar fijamente
Meaning
to look at something with a fixed gaze
Example
She stared at the painting for hours.
Ella miró fijamente la pintura durante horas.
B1 adjective /ˈɛstɪmeɪtɪd/

estimated

estimado
Meaning
roughly calculated or judged; an approximate value or amount
Example
The estimated cost of the project is five million dollars.
El costo estimado del proyecto es de cinco millones de dólares.