aggrandize
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C2 verb /əˈɡræn.daɪz/

aggrandize

engrandecer
Meaning
To increase the power, wealth, or importance of a person or entity.
Example
The politician tried to aggrandize himself through exaggerated claims.
El político trató de engrandecerse a sí mismo a través de afirmaciones exageradas.
C2 noun /ˈvoʊkəbəl/

vocable

vocablo
Meaning
a word, term, or sound that has meaning
Example
The dictionary contained thousands of vocables from different languages.
El diccionario contenía miles de vocablos de diferentes lenguas.
C2 noun /ˈɛmɪsɛri/

emissary

emisario
Meaning
A person sent on a special mission, usually as a diplomatic representative.
Example
The king sent an emissary to negotiate peace.
El rey envió a un emisario para negociar la paz.
C2 verb /ˈlɔɪtər/

loiter

merodear, estar de pie sin propósito
Meaning
To stand or wait around idly without apparent purpose.
Example
The teenagers were told not to loiter outside the shop.
Se les dijo a los adolescentes que no merodearan fuera de la tienda.
C2 noun /ˈpraɪəri/

priory

priorato
Meaning
a small monastery or convent governed by a prior or prioress
Example
The old priory was converted into a museum.
El antiguo priorato fue convertido en un museo.
C2 verb /rɪˈɡeɪl/

regale

regalar
Meaning
To entertain or amuse someone with stories, food, or drink.
Example
He regaled us with stories of his travels around the world.
Nos regaló con historias de sus viajes alrededor del mundo.
C2 noun /prɒɡˌnɒstɪˈkeɪʃən/

prognostication

pronóstico
Meaning
The act of foretelling or predicting future events.
Example
The astrologer's prognostication fascinated the audience.
El pronóstico del astrólogo fascinó a la audiencia.
C2 verb (past tense, past participle), adjective /ˈhæmstrʌŋ/

hamstrung

cojo o debilitado
Meaning
crippled or severely restricted in movement or progress.
Example
The team was hamstrung by lack of resources.
El equipo fue limitado por la falta de recursos.
C2 adjective /ˈɒf.biːt/

offbeat

inusual
Meaning
Unusual, unconventional, or different from the norm.
Example
She has a very offbeat sense of humor.
Ella tiene un sentido del humor muy inusual.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpɔːrtʃənət/

importunate

importuno
Meaning
Persistent to the point of annoyance or intrusion
Example
The importunate salesman kept calling despite repeated refusals.
El vendedor importuno siguió llamando a pesar de las repetidas negativas.
C2 noun /kəˈtæb.ə.lɪ.zəm/

catabolism

catabolismo
Meaning
The breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism.
Example
Catabolism plays a crucial role in cellular energy production.
El catabolismo juega un papel crucial en la producción de energía celular.
C2 verb /ˌdɪspəˈzɛs/

dispossess

despojar
Meaning
to deprive someone of land, property, or other possessions
Example
The new law threatened to dispossess many farmers of their land.
La nueva ley amenazó con despojar a muchos agricultores de sus tierras.
C2 verb /ˈfɛtər/

fetter

atar, restringir
Meaning
to restrain or restrict someone’s freedom
Example
The strict rules fettered the creativity of the students.
Las reglas estrictas limitaban la creatividad de los estudiantes.
C2 verb /ˈkæstreɪt/

castrate

castrar
Meaning
To remove the testicles of a male animal or human.
Example
The farmer castrated the young bulls to make them easier to manage.
El granjero castró a los toros jóvenes para hacerlos más fáciles de manejar.
C2 noun /ˌvɛəriəˈɡeɪʃən/

variegation

variegación
Meaning
The appearance of differently colored zones in the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants.
Example
Variegation makes the foliage look more attractive.
La variegación hace que el follaje sea más atractivo.
C2 adjective ˌnjʊə.rəʊ.prəˈtek.tɪv

neuroprotective

neuroprotector
Meaning
Having the ability to protect nerve cells from damage, degeneration, or impaired function.
Example
Omega-3 fatty acids have neuroprotective benefits.
Los ácidos grasos omega-3 tienen beneficios neuroprotectores.
C2 verb /əˈmælɡəmeɪt/

amalgamate

amalgamar
Meaning
to combine or unite to form one organization or structure; to merge
Example
The two companies decided to amalgamate their operations.
Las dos compañías decidieron amalgamar sus operaciones.
C2 noun /əˈsper.ɪ.ti/

asperity

asperidad
Meaning
Harshness of tone, manner, or surface.
Example
She spoke with asperity when she was interrupted.
Habló con aspereza cuando la interrumpieron.
C2 noun /ɡæsˈtraɪtɪs/

gastritis

gastritis
Meaning
Inflammation of the lining of the stomach.
Example
The doctor diagnosed him with gastritis after his endoscopy.
El médico lo diagnosticó con gastritis después de su endoscopia.
C2 noun /kəˈdævər/

cadaver

cadáver
Meaning
A dead human body, especially one used for medical study.
Example
Medical students dissected the cadaver to learn about human anatomy.
Los estudiantes de medicina diseccionaron el cadáver para aprender sobre la anatomía humana.
C2 noun /ˈfrɛʃɪt/

freshet

desbordamiento repentino del río
Meaning
A sudden overflow of a stream or river caused by heavy rain or melting snow.
Example
After the storm, the river turned into a raging freshet.
Después de la tormenta, el río se convirtió en un freshet furioso.
C2 verb /ˈsɪmpər/

simper

sonreír de manera tonta o afectada
Meaning
to smile in a silly, self-conscious, or affected way
Example
She simpered at his compliment, clearly embarrassed.
Ella sonrió tontamente ante su cumplido, claramente avergonzada.
C2 adjective /ˈflʌməksd/

flummoxed

desconcertado
Meaning
Completely confused or bewildered.
Example
He looked flummoxed after hearing the strange question.
Él parecía desconcertado después de escuchar la extraña pregunta.
C2 noun /ˈtʃæt.əl/

chattel

bien mueble / propiedad personal
Meaning
a personal possession; historically, movable property including slaves
Example
In the past, slaves were considered the chattel of their owners.
En el pasado, los esclavos eran considerados la propiedad personal de sus dueños.
C2 noun /ˈtrʌk.jʊ.ləns/

truculence

agresividad
Meaning
Aggressiveness or eagerness to fight.
Example
His speech was full of truculence and threats.
Su discurso estaba lleno de agresividad y amenazas.
C2 adjective /ˈæstrəl/

astral

astral
Meaning
Relating to the stars or to spiritual, non-physical realms.
Example
Some believe in astral projection, the ability to leave the body and travel spiritually.
Algunas personas creen en la proyección astral, la capacidad de abandonar el cuerpo y viajar espiritualmente.
C2 adjective /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪbəl/

exhaustible

agotable
Meaning
able to be used up completely; not infinite
Example
Coal and oil are exhaustible resources.
El carbón y el petróleo son recursos agotables.
C2 noun /ˈbɜːrdʒɪs/

burgess

ciudadano de la ciudad
Meaning
A citizen of a town or borough with full rights of citizenship.
Example
In medieval times, a burgess had the right to vote and hold property.
En la Edad Media, un burgues tenía derecho a votar y a poseer propiedad.
C2 verb /ˈkælsɪfaɪ/

calcify

volverse rígido por depósito de sales de calcio
Meaning
To harden by deposition of calcium salts; to become rigid or inflexible.
Example
Over time, the tissue began to calcify and lose flexibility.
Con el tiempo, el tejido comenzó a calcificarse y perdió flexibilidad.
C2 noun /ˈflæt.ər.ər/

Flatterer

adulador
Meaning
a person who lavishes praise, often insincerely and in order to gain advantage
Example
The king was surrounded by flatterers who only told him what he wanted to hear.
El rey estaba rodeado de aduladores que solo le decían lo que quería oír.
C2 adjective /ɛɡˈzɪɡjuəs/

exiguous

escaso
Meaning
small in amount; scanty or inadequate
Example
They survived on exiguous rations during the journey.
Sobrevivieron con raciones exiguas durante el viaje.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈprɛsəbl/

insuppressible

irreprimible
Meaning
That cannot be suppressed or restrained.
Example
She had an insuppressible urge to laugh during the ceremony.
Ella tenía un impulso irreprimible de reír durante la ceremonia.
C2 verb /bɪlk/

bilk

engañar
Meaning
To cheat or defraud someone of money or rights.
Example
The scammer tried to bilk elderly people out of their savings.
El estafador intentó engañar a las personas mayores y robarles sus ahorros.
C2 adjective /ʌkˈsɔːriəs/

uxorious

excesivamente afectuoso con la esposa
Meaning
excessively fond of or submissive to one's wife
Example
He was so uxorious that he agreed with everything his wife said.
Él era tan uxorio que estuvo de acuerdo con todo lo que su esposa decía.
C2 verb /ɛnˈkɪndl/

enkindle

encender, inspirar
Meaning
to set on fire or inspire strong emotion
Example
The speech enkindled hope in the audience.
El discurso encendió la esperanza en la audiencia.
C2 noun ˈbaɪəʊˌsaɪd

biocide

biocida
Meaning
A chemical substance or microorganism intended to destroy, deter, render harmless, or exert a controlling effect on any harmful organism.
Example
Biocides help control pests and reduce the spread of diseases.
Los biocidas ayudan a controlar las plagas y reducir la propagación de enfermedades.
C2 verb /ˈæntɪdeɪt/

antedate

anteceder
Meaning
to be earlier in time; to assign a date earlier than the actual one
Example
The manuscript antedates the modern printing press.
El manuscrito es anterior a la prensa moderna de impresión.
C2 adjective /ˈblæs.fə.məs/

blasphemous

blasfemo
Meaning
showing disrespect or lack of reverence for God or sacred things
Example
The book was banned for its blasphemous content.
El libro fue prohibido por su contenido blasfemo.
C2 adjective /ˈfiːbraɪl/

febrile

febril, excitado
Meaning
having or showing the symptoms of a fever; or highly excitable or agitated
Example
The patient was in a febrile state with high temperature.
El paciente estaba en un estado febril con alta temperatura.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkænˈdɛsənt/

incandescent

incandescente
Meaning
emitting light as a result of being heated; extremely bright or passionate
Example
The incandescent lamp lit up the entire hall.
La lámpara incandescente iluminó todo el salón.
C2 noun /ˈɛkwɪpɪdʒ/

equipage

Equipo o un carruaje con sus accesorios
Meaning
Equipment or a carriage with its accessories.
Example
The nobleman arrived in a grand equipage.
El noble llegó en un gran carruaje.
C2 noun /ˌsɒ̃ˈfrwɑː/

sangfroid

autocontrol
Meaning
Composure or coolness under pressure.
Example
She impressed everyone with her sangfroid during the interview.
Ella impresionó a todos con su autocontrol durante la entrevista.
C2 noun /ˌbʌkəˈnɪər/

buccaneer

pirata
Meaning
a pirate, especially one active in the Caribbean during the 17th and 18th centuries
Example
The buccaneer sailed across the Caribbean in search of treasure.
El bucanero navegó por el Caribe en busca de tesoros.
C2 adjective /fækˈtɪʃəs/

factitious

artificial, no genuino
Meaning
artificial or fabricated; not natural or genuine
Example
The excitement in his story seemed factitious and forced.
La emoción en su historia parecía artificial y forzada.
C2 adjective /ˈtɜːrbɪd/

turbid

turbio
Meaning
Cloudy, opaque, or thick with suspended matter; confused or obscure in meaning.
Example
The river water became turbid after the heavy rains.
El agua del río se volvió turbia después de las fuertes lluvias.
C2 adjective /ˈkoʊməˌtoʊs/

comatose

comatoso
Meaning
In a state of deep unconsciousness, resembling or related to coma.
Example
The comatose patient was kept under constant observation.
El paciente comatoso fue mantenido bajo constante observación.
C2 noun /ˈjuːzjuːfrʌkt/

usufruct

usufructo
Meaning
The legal right to use and enjoy the benefits of someone else’s property without owning it.
Example
The tenant had the usufruct of the land but not its ownership.
El inquilino tenía el usufructo de la tierra pero no su propiedad.
C2 adjective /roʊˈtʌnd/

rotund

redondeado
Meaning
round or plump in shape; full in sound
Example
The rotund cat struggled to climb the fence.
El gato redondeado luchaba por subir la valla.
C2 adjective /ˈmɒtld/

mottled

moteado
Meaning
Marked with spots, streaks, or blotches of different shades or colors.
Example
The snake's mottled skin helped it blend into the forest floor.
La piel moteada de la serpiente le ayudó a camuflarse en el suelo del bosque.
C2 noun /maɪˈæzmə/

miasma

aire viciado
Meaning
An unpleasant or unhealthy smell or atmosphere.
Example
A miasma of decay hung over the abandoned house.
Una miasma de descomposición colgaba sobre la casa abandonada.
C2 noun /ˈlændˌhoʊl.dər/

landholder

propietario de tierras
Meaning
a person who owns land, especially in large amounts
Example
The landholder leased part of his property to local farmers.
El propietario de tierras arrendó una parte de su propiedad a los agricultores locales.
C2 adjective /ˈboʊvaɪn/

bovine

relacionado con el ganado
Meaning
relating to cattle; showing a dull or sluggish nature
Example
Her bovine expression revealed no emotions.
Su expresión bovina no reveló ninguna emoción.
C2 noun /ˌmɪsˈruːl/

misrule

desgobierno
Meaning
bad or poor governance
Example
The kingdom suffered for decades under misrule.
El reino sufrió durante décadas bajo el desgobierno.
C2 adjective /ɡoʊʃ/

gauche

tosco
Meaning
lacking social grace, sensitivity, or tact; awkward
Example
His gauche remarks embarrassed everyone at the dinner party.
Sus comentarios toscos avergonzaron a todos en la fiesta de cena.
C2 noun /ˈplɛbɪsaɪt/

plebiscite

votación directa del pueblo
Meaning
a direct vote by the electorate on an important public question
Example
The government held a plebiscite to decide on the new constitution.
El gobierno celebró un plebiscito para decidir sobre la nueva constitución.
C2 adjective /ˈɡaɪlləs/

guileless

ingenuo
Meaning
Innocent and without deceit
Example
Her guileless smile won everyone’s heart.
Su sonrisa ingenua conquistó el corazón de todos.
C2 noun /naɪt kwiːn/

Night queen

reina de la noche
Meaning
a fragrant white flower that blooms at night and releases strong sweet scent
Example
The night queen flowers filled the garden with their sweet fragrance.
Las flores de la reina de la noche llenaron el jardín con su dulce fragancia.
C2 adjective /ˌhaɪ ˈfloʊn/

high-flown

pomposo
Meaning
Using fancy or pretentious language; lofty in style but often overblown.
Example
The politician gave a high-flown speech full of promises.
El político dio un discurso pomposo lleno de promesas.
C2 verb /biˈætɪfaɪ/

beatify

beatificar
Meaning
to make blessed or holy, especially in the Roman Catholic Church, to declare a deceased person to be among the blessed
Example
The pope decided to beatify the martyr for his faith and sacrifice.
El papa decidió beatificar al mártir por su fe y sacrificio.
C2 noun /əˈrɪə/

arrear

deuda pendiente
Meaning
A debt or payment that is overdue and unpaid.
Example
He was sued for an arrear of rent.
Fue demandado por una deuda pendiente de alquiler.
C2 verb /beɪt/

bate

reducir, mitigar
Meaning
to lessen or restrain; to diminish the force or intensity of something
Example
He spoke with bated breath as he waited for the result.
Él habló con respiración contenida mientras esperaba el resultado.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsɪɡniə/

insignia

insignia
Meaning
A badge or symbol that shows rank, position, or membership.
Example
The soldier proudly wore the insignia of his regiment.
El soldado llevaba orgulloso la insignia de su regimiento.
C2 noun /ˈfæn.feər/

fanfare

gran pompa, publicidad
Meaning
a short ceremonial tune or display of publicity to attract attention
Example
The new product was launched with much fanfare.
El nuevo producto fue lanzado con gran pompa.
C2 verb /ˈɡʌzəl/

guzzle

beber codiciosamente
Meaning
to drink greedily or excessively
Example
He guzzled three cans of soda in a few minutes.
Él bebió tres latas de refresco en pocos minutos.
C2 noun /ˈmɒkəsɪn/

moccasin

mocasín
Meaning
A soft leather shoe, traditionally worn by Native Americans, often made from deerskin.
Example
He slipped on a pair of comfortable moccasins before going outside.
Se puso unos cómodos mocasines antes de salir.
C2 adjective /ˌɛpɪkjʊˈriːən/

epicurean

epicurista
Meaning
relating to the enjoyment of fine food, drink, and luxury
Example
The chef prepared an epicurean feast for the guests.
El chef preparó un banquete epicurista para los invitados.
C2 adjective /ˌænθrəpəˈmɔːrfɪk/

anthropomorphic

antropomórfico
Meaning
attributing human characteristics to non-human things, like animals or objects
Example
The cartoon shows an anthropomorphic cat walking on two legs.
El dibujo animado muestra un gato antropomórfico caminando sobre dos patas.
C2 noun /kɔːrˈteɪʒ/

cortege

procesión fúnebre
Meaning
a solemn procession, especially for a funeral
Example
A cortege of mourners followed the hearse to the cemetery.
Una procesión de dolientes siguió el ataúd hasta el cementerio.
C2 adjective /rɪˈsplɛndənt/

resplendent

resplandeciente
Meaning
Shining brilliantly; dazzling in appearance or effect
Example
The bride looked resplendent in her wedding gown.
La novia se veía resplandeciente con su vestido de boda.
C2 noun /ˈsweɪʒən/

suasion

persuasión
Meaning
the act of persuading or influencing someone
Example
The leader used gentle suasion to win support for the plan.
El líder usó una suave persuasión para ganar apoyo para el plan.
C2 adjective /əˈprəʊ.bri.əs/

opprobrious

despectivo
Meaning
Expressing strong criticism or scorn.
Example
He made opprobrious remarks about his opponent.
Él hizo comentarios despectivos sobre su oponente.
C2 verb /aɪˈdɒləˌtraɪz/

idolatrize

idolatrar
Meaning
To worship idols; to regard with excessive devotion or admiration.
Example
They began to idolatrize the statue as a deity.
Comenzaron a idolatrar la estatua como una deidad.
C2 noun /ˈræp.aɪn/

rapine

saqueo
Meaning
the violent seizure of someone's property
Example
The war was marked by rapine and destruction.
La guerra estuvo marcada por el saqueo y la destrucción.
C2 adjective /ˈɛstɪməbl/

estimable

estimable
Meaning
Worthy of great respect.
Example
Her estimable achievements inspired the whole community.
Sus logros estimables inspiraron a toda la comunidad.
C2 noun /rɪˈpʌɡ.nəns/

repugnance

repulsión
Meaning
intense disgust or strong aversion towards something
Example
She felt deep repugnance at the cruelty of the act.
Ella sintió un profundo desprecio por la crueldad del acto.
C2 noun /ˈvɛrɪti/

verity

veracidad
Meaning
a true principle or belief; the state of being true
Example
The verity of his statement was confirmed by evidence.
La veracidad de su declaración fue confirmada por evidencia.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.kɒn/

ikon

imagen religiosa o símbolo
Meaning
A religious image or symbol, especially in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Example
The church displayed a beautifully painted ikon of the Virgin Mary.
La iglesia mostró un ícono bellamente pintado de la Virgen María.
C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ɪ.staɪn/

philistine

persona indiferente o hostil hacia la cultura y las artes
Meaning
a person who is indifferent or hostile to culture and the arts
Example
He was criticized as a philistine for dismissing modern art.
Fue criticado como un filisteo por rechazar el arte moderno.
C2 verb /ɪnˈvaɪərən/

environ

rodear
Meaning
to surround or enclose; to encircle
Example
Mountains environ the small valley.
Las montañas rodean el pequeño valle.
C2 noun /ˈbiːtənd raɪs/

Beatened rice

arroz machacado
Meaning
flattened rice; rice that has been parboiled, dried, and beaten into flat flakes
Example
Beaten rice is commonly eaten with milk and sugar for breakfast.
El arroz machacado se come comúnmente con leche y azúcar para el desayuno.
C2 noun /ˈhɛptəˌɡɒn/

heptagon

heptágono
Meaning
A polygon with seven sides and seven angles.
Example
The math teacher drew a heptagon on the board.
El maestro de matemáticas dibujó un heptágono en la pizarra.
C2 adjective /ˌʌn.təˈwɔːrd/

untoward

inesperado
Meaning
Unexpected and inappropriate or inconvenient.
Example
The meeting ended without any untoward incidents.
La reunión terminó sin incidentes inesperados.
C2 noun /ˈneɪdɪər/

nadir

nadir
Meaning
The lowest point of a situation or condition.
Example
The company reached its nadir during the financial crisis.
La empresa alcanzó su nadir durante la crisis financiera.
C2 noun /ˈmʌskɪt/

musket

un tipo de fusil antiguo
Meaning
a type of long gun used in the past, especially by infantry soldiers
Example
The soldiers carried muskets into the battlefield.
Los soldados llevaron mosquetes al campo de batalla.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈspiːdiənt/

inexpedient

desaconsejable
Meaning
Not advisable, suitable, or practical in the circumstances.
Example
It would be inexpedient to invest without proper research.
Sería desaconsejable invertir sin una investigación adecuada.
C2 noun /ɡiː/

Ghee

mantequilla clarificada
Meaning
clarified butter used in South Asian cooking
Example
She used ghee instead of butter for cooking the rice.
Ella usó ghee en lugar de mantequilla para cocinar el arroz.
C2 noun /ˈɛpəʊd/

epode

una forma de poema lírico
Meaning
A form of lyric poem written in couplets, often following a strophe and antistrophe in classical Greek poetry.
Example
The poet concluded his ode with a striking epode.
El poeta concluyó su oda con un epodo impresionante.
C2 adjective /ˈtʃɜːrlɪʃ/

churlish

grosero
Meaning
Rude in a mean-spirited and surly way.
Example
It would be churlish to refuse her kind invitation.
Sería grosero rechazar su amable invitación.
C2 adjective, adverb /əˈbʌvˌbɔːrd/

aboveboard

Honesto y abierto
Meaning
Open and honest; without deception or trickery.
Example
The business deal was completely aboveboard.
El acuerdo de negocios fue completamente honesto y abierto.
C2 noun /ˈdʒʌɡləri/

jugglery

malabares
Meaning
The performance of tricks and illusions, especially by sleight of hand.
Example
The magician's jugglery amazed the audience.
La juglaría del mago sorprendió a la audiencia.
C2 noun /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtər/

inquisitor

inquisidor
Meaning
A person who asks many questions, often in an official or harsh manner.
Example
The inquisitor demanded detailed answers from the witness.
El inquisidor exigió respuestas detalladas del testigo.
C2 verb /ɪnˈræptʃər/

enrapture

fascinar
Meaning
To fill someone with great delight or joy.
Example
The beautiful music enraptured the audience.
La hermosa música fascinó a la audiencia.
C2 noun /miːn/

mien

aspecto
Meaning
A person's appearance or manner, especially as an indication of their character or mood.
Example
His serious mien made everyone fall silent.
Su aspecto serio hizo que todos se quedaran en silencio.
C2 noun /ˌdoʊ.məˈstɪs.ə.ti/

domesticity

domesticidad
Meaning
Life at home or devotion to family life.
Example
She enjoys the domesticity of cooking and gardening.
Ella disfruta de la domesticidad de cocinar y jardinería.
C2 adjective /lʌɡˈʒʊəriənt/

luxuriant

exuberante
Meaning
abundant in growth or richly abundant
Example
The luxuriant forest was teeming with life.
El exuberante bosque estaba lleno de vida.
C2 noun əˈdrɔɪt.nəs

adroitness

destreza
Meaning
Cleverness or skill, especially in using the hands or mind; skillful dexterity.
Example
His adroitness in negotiations secured the deal.
Su destreza en las negociaciones aseguró el trato.
C2 noun /ræŋˈɡuːn ˈkriːpər/

Rangoon creeper

Rangoon creeper
Meaning
A climbing vine with fragrant flowers that change color from white to pink to red
Example
The Rangoon creeper covered the entire fence with its sweet-smelling flowers.
El Rangoon creeper cubrió toda la cerca con sus flores de fragancia dulce.
C2 adjective /ˌvɪtriˈɑːlɪk/

vitriolic

crítico mordaz
Meaning
filled with bitter criticism or malice
Example
His vitriolic remarks hurt everyone in the room.
Sus comentarios críticos mordaces hirieron a todos en la sala.
C2 noun /ˈneɪvəri/

knavery

engaño
Meaning
dishonest or deceitful behavior; trickery
Example
The politician’s knavery was exposed by the media.
La engaño del político fue expuesto por los medios.
C2 adjective /dʒʊˈrɪdɪkəl/

juridical

jurídico
Meaning
Relating to judicial proceedings or the administration of law.
Example
The case raised important juridical questions.
El caso planteó importantes preguntas jurídicas.
C2 noun /ˈkæt.aɪ.ɒn ɪksˌtʃeɪndʒ/

cation-exchange

intercambio catiónico
Meaning
A chemical process in soil that helps retain nutrients.
Example
The cation-exchange capacity of soil affects plant growth.
La capacidad de intercambio catiónico del suelo afecta el crecimiento de las plantas.
C2 noun /ˈplɛdʒɔːr/

pledgeor

garante
Meaning
a person who gives or offers a pledge or security
Example
The bank accepted the jewelry from the pledgeor as collateral for the loan.
El banco aceptó las joyas del garante como garantía para el préstamo.
C2 adjective /ˈmiː.di.əl/

medial

medial
Meaning
Situated in or pertaining to the middle; located toward the midline of the body or structure.
Example
The medial side of the knee is more prone to injury.
La parte medial de la rodilla es más propensa a lesiones.
C2 noun /floʊ/

floe

iceberg flotante
Meaning
a large sheet of floating ice
Example
The polar bears rested on the ice floe.
Los osos polares descansaron sobre el iceberg flotante.
C2 adjective /əˈpɒ.krɪ.fəl/

apocryphal

dudoso
Meaning
Of doubtful authenticity, though widely circulated as true.
Example
The story about him saving the village is probably apocryphal.
La historia de él salvando el pueblo probablemente es dudosa.
C2 noun /ˈɑːrɡoʊ/

argot

jerga especializada
Meaning
the specialized vocabulary or jargon of a particular group, especially one with a common interest or occupation
Example
The thieves communicated in an argot that outsiders could not understand.
Los ladrones se comunicaron en un argot que los forasteros no pudieron entender.
C2 noun /prɔːŋ/

prong

pico de tenedor
Meaning
a projecting pointed part, such as one of the pointed ends of a fork
Example
The fork has four prongs.
El tenedor tiene cuatro picos.
C2 verb /əˈɡlɒməˌreɪt/

agglomerate

aglutinar
Meaning
To collect or form into a mass or group.
Example
The dust particles began to agglomerate into larger clusters.
Las partículas de polvo comenzaron a aglomerarse en grupos más grandes.
C2 adjective /ɡrænˈdɪləkwənt/

grandiloquent

lenguaje pomposo
Meaning
Using lofty, pompous, or extravagant language to impress others.
Example
The politician’s grandiloquent speech failed to connect with ordinary people.
El discurso grandilocuente del político no logró conectar con la gente común.
C2 adjective /ˈbʌsti/

busty

de busto grande
Meaning
having a large or full bust; describing a woman with a prominent chest
Example
The actress was often described as busty in fashion magazines.
La actriz era descrita a menudo como de busto grande en las revistas de moda.
C2 verb /ɪˈmeɪʃieɪt/

emaciate

emaciar
Meaning
To make abnormally thin or weak, usually because of illness or lack of food.
Example
The prisoners were emaciated after months without proper food.
Los prisioneros se emaciaron después de meses sin comida adecuada.
C2 adjective /ˈreə.rɪ.faɪd/

rarefied

refinado
Meaning
Of high moral, intellectual, or cultural value; distant from ordinary life.
Example
He works in the rarefied world of classical music.
Él trabaja en el mundo refinado de la música clásica.
C2 adjective /ˈluːsənt/

lucent

luminiscente
Meaning
shining or glowing with light
Example
The lucent stars brightened the night sky.
Las estrellas luminiscentes iluminaron el cielo nocturno.
C2 adjective /ˈtrɛntʃənt/

trenchant

tajante
Meaning
expressed strongly, effectively, and clearly; sharp or cutting in style or expression
Example
Her trenchant criticism of the policy left no room for misunderstanding.
Su crítica tajante a la política no dejó lugar a malentendidos.
C2 adverb/adjective /lɪˈɡɑːtoʊ/

legato

en música, tocado o cantado suavemente y de forma conectada
Meaning
In music, played or sung smoothly and connectedly.
Example
The pianist played the passage legato, with each note flowing into the next.
El pianista tocó el pasaje legato, con cada nota fluyendo hacia la siguiente.
C2 adjective /ˈtjuːtɪlɑːr/

tutelar

tutelario
Meaning
Serving as a guardian or protector.
Example
The tutelar spirit of the forest was believed to protect travelers.
Se creía que el espíritu tutelar del bosque protegía a los viajeros.
C2 noun /ˌmɒnəˈmeɪniə/

monomania

monomanía
Meaning
Excessive concentration or obsession with a single subject or idea.
Example
His monomania for collecting stamps worried his family.
Su monomanía por coleccionar sellos preocupaba a su familia.
C2 noun /ˌsɪmjʊˈleɪkrəm/

simulacrum

simulacro
Meaning
an image or representation of someone or something; a superficial likeness
Example
The statue was only a simulacrum of the ancient god.
La estatua era solo un simulacro del dios antiguo.
C2 adjective /djuːˈplɪsɪtəs/

duplicitous

mentiroso
Meaning
Deceitful; deliberately deceptive or dishonest.
Example
The politician was criticized for his duplicitous statements.
El político fue criticado por sus declaraciones engañosas.
C2 noun /ɪˈfʌldʒəns/

effulgence

resplandor
Meaning
Brilliant radiance or shining brightness.
Example
The effulgence of the sunrise lit up the entire valley.
El resplandor del amanecer iluminó todo el valle.
C2 noun /ɪˌpɪstəˈmɒlədʒi/

epistemology

epistemología
Meaning
The branch of philosophy that studies the nature, origin, and scope of knowledge.
Example
Epistemology explores the difference between justified belief and opinion.
La epistemología explora la diferencia entre la creencia justificada y la opinión.