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C1 verb /əbˈdʌkt/

abduct

secuestrar
Meaning
to take someone away illegally by force or deception
Example
The criminal tried to abduct the child in broad daylight.
El criminal intentó secuestrar al niño a plena luz del día.
C1 noun /drɑːft/ (UK), /dræft/ (US)

draught

corriente de aire
Meaning
a current of cool air in a room or another confined space; also a portion of liquid, especially beer, served from a barrel or cask
Example
She closed the window to keep out the cold draught.
Ella cerró la ventana para evitar la corriente de aire frío.
C1 verb /kənˈdʒɛst/

congest

congestionar
Meaning
To block or overcrowd a space, making movement or flow difficult.
Example
Heavy traffic can congest the city streets during rush hour.
El tráfico pesado puede congestionarse las calles de la ciudad durante la hora punta.
C1 noun /ˈprəʊsiːdz/

proceeds

ingresos
Meaning
money obtained from an event, activity, or sale
Example
The proceeds from the charity event were donated to the orphanage.
Los ingresos del evento benéfico fueron donados al orfanato.
C1 noun /væt/

vat

gran recipiente
Meaning
A large container used for holding liquids such as dye or wine.
Example
The workers filled the vat with freshly pressed grape juice.
Los trabajadores llenaron el gran recipiente con jugo de uva recién exprimido.
C1 adjective /ˈbækˌhændɪd/

backhanded

indirecto o sarcástico
Meaning
Indirect or sarcastic, often appearing as praise but actually insulting.
Example
She gave him a backhanded compliment about his work.
Ella le dio un elogio indirecto sobre su trabajo.
C1 noun ˌkɒm.pjʊˈteɪ.ʃən

computation

cálculo
Meaning
The action of mathematical calculation.
Example
Complex computation is required for AI models.
Se requiere un cálculo complejo para los modelos de IA.
C1 verb /kɑːrp/

carp

quejarse
Meaning
to complain or find fault continually, often about trivial matters
Example
She tends to carp about the smallest inconveniences.
Ella tiende a quejarse por los inconvenientes más pequeños.
C1 adverb /ˈleŋθ.waɪz/

Lengthwise

a lo largo; en la dirección más larga
Meaning
in the direction of the length; along the longest dimension
Example
Fold the paper lengthwise to make it easier to carry.
Dobla el papel a lo largo para que sea más fácil de llevar.
C1 verb /əˈpiːz/

appease

apaciguar / satisfacer
Meaning
to calm or pacify someone by meeting their demands
Example
The manager tried to appease the angry customer.
El gerente intentó apaciguar al cliente enojado.
C1 noun /ˈdʒʊərər/

juror

miembro del jurado
Meaning
a member of a jury who is chosen to hear evidence in a legal case and help make a decision
Example
The juror listened carefully to the witness’s testimony.
El miembro del jurado escuchó cuidadosamente el testimonio del testigo.
C1 noun /ˈlæb.ə.rɪnθ/

labyrinth

laberinto, red de pasajes complicados
Meaning
A complicated network of paths or passages; an intricate and confusing arrangement.
Example
The city's streets were like a labyrinth.
Las calles de la ciudad eran como un laberinto.
C1 verb /tʃɑːr/

char

quemar
Meaning
To burn or scorch something so that it becomes blackened.
Example
The cook accidentally charred the steak.
El cocinero accidentalmente quemó el filete.
C1 noun /ˈsɛdətɪv/

sedative

sedante
Meaning
A substance that calms the nerves or induces sleep.
Example
The doctor prescribed a sedative to help the patient sleep.
El doctor recetó un sedante para ayudar al paciente a dormir.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɡreɪnd/

ingrained

arraigado
Meaning
Firmly fixed or established; deeply rooted and difficult to change.
Example
His ingrained habits were hard to break.
Sus hábitos arraigados eran difíciles de romper.
C1 noun /ˌænəlˈdʒiːzɪk/

analgesic

analgésico
Meaning
A drug or substance that relieves pain.
Example
She took an analgesic to ease her headache.
Ella tomó un analgésico para aliviar su dolor de cabeza.
C1 noun ˌdɪm.ɪˈnjuː.ʃən

diminution

reducción
Meaning
A reduction in the size, extent, or importance of something; decrease.
Example
There has been a diminution in air pollution.
Ha habido una disminución en la contaminación del aire.
C1 adverb /ˈæmpli/

amply

ampliamente
Meaning
more than sufficiently; generously
Example
She was amply rewarded for her hard work.
Ella fue generosamente recompensada por su arduo trabajo.
C1 noun /ˈsɔːjər/

Sawyer

aserrador
Meaning
a person who saws wood, especially as an occupation
Example
The skilled sawyer cut the logs into planks.
El hábil aserrador cortó los troncos en tablones.
C1 verb /dɪˈfjuːz/

diffuse

difundir
Meaning
to spread over a wide area or among a large number of people
Example
The smell of fresh bread diffused through the entire house.
El olor del pan recién hecho se difundió por toda la casa.
C1 noun /krɛst/

crest

cima
Meaning
the top of a hill, wave, or mountain; a symbol of identity
Example
The hikers reached the crest of the mountain at sunrise.
Los excursionistas llegaron a la cima de la montaña al amanecer.
C1 verb /ˈviːtoʊ/

veto

vetar
Meaning
to reject or forbid a decision, proposal, or law
Example
The president decided to veto the new bill.
El presidente decidió vetar el nuevo proyecto de ley.
C1 noun /ˈruːdɪmənt/

rudiment

rudimentos
Meaning
A basic principle, element, or fundamental part of something.
Example
He learned the rudiments of music before joining the band.
Él aprendió los rudimentos de la música antes de unirse a la banda.
C1 verb /ˈræn.sæk/

ransack

saquear
Meaning
to search a place roughly and steal or damage things
Example
Burglars ransacked the house while the family was away.
Los ladrones saquearon la casa mientras la familia estaba fuera.
C1 adjective /həˈbɪtʃuəl/

habitual

habitual
Meaning
Done or doing constantly or as a habit; customary.
Example
He was a habitual latecomer to class.
Él era un habitual retrasado en clase.
C1 noun /ˈklæmər/

clamor

alboroto
Meaning
a loud and confused noise, especially of people shouting insistently
Example
The clamor of the protesting crowd filled the square.
El alboroto de la multitud que protestaba llenó la plaza.
C1 noun /rɪˈmɔːrs/

Remorse

remordimiento
Meaning
deep regret or guilt for a wrong committed; bitter regret for something done
Example
He felt deep remorse for his actions.
Él sintió un profundo remordimiento por sus acciones.
C1 verb /məˈruːn/

maroon

abandonar en una isla desierta
Meaning
to leave someone trapped and isolated, especially on an island
Example
The sailors were marooned on a deserted island.
Los marineros fueron abandonados en una isla desierta.
C1 verb /ˈfʌmbəl/

fumble

torpeza
Meaning
to handle something clumsily or to make mistakes while doing something
Example
He fumbled with the keys and dropped them on the floor.
Él torpedeó con las llaves y las dejó caer al suelo.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈtaɪmli/

Untimely

precipitado
Meaning
happening at an inappropriate or inconvenient time; premature
Example
His untimely death at the age of thirty shocked everyone.
Su muerte precipitada a la edad de treinta años sorprendió a todos.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrkəleɪtər/

percolator

percolador de café
Meaning
A device used for brewing coffee by continually cycling boiling water through coffee grounds.
Example
She made a fresh pot of coffee using the percolator.
Hizo una taza fresca de café utilizando el percolador.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

flujo
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
El flujo de turistas impulsó la economía local.
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɒsəˈbɪlɪti/

impossibility

imposibilidad
Meaning
the state or fact of being impossible; something that cannot be done or achieved
Example
Finishing the project in one day was an impossibility.
Terminar el proyecto en un día fue una imposibilidad.
C1 verb /ˈɡræpəl/

grapple

luchar, pelear
Meaning
to struggle or wrestle with something, often a problem or opponent
Example
The company is grappling with financial difficulties.
La compañía está luchando con dificultades financieras.
C1 adjective /ˈæv.ɪd/

avid

ávido
Meaning
having an eager desire or enthusiasm for something
Example
She is an avid reader of mystery novels.
Ella es una ávida lectora de novelas de misterio.
C1 verb /weɪv/

waive

felicidad
Meaning
to refrain from insisting on or enforcing something, especially a right or claim
Example
She decided to waive her right to a lawyer.
No pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun /ˈprəʊ.lɒɡ/

prologue

prólogo
Meaning
an introduction to a book, play, or event
Example
The novel begins with a short prologue set in the past.
La novela comienza con un corto prólogo establecido en el pasado.
C1 noun /rɪˈsaɪtl/

recital

recital
Meaning
A performance of music, dance, or poetry, usually by a soloist.
Example
She gave a piano recital at the concert hall.
Ella dio un recital de piano en la sala de conciertos.
C1 adjective /pərˈvɜːrs/

perverse

perverso
Meaning
showing a deliberate desire to behave in a way that is unreasonable, contrary, or unacceptable
Example
He took a perverse pleasure in upsetting his colleagues.
Él tomó un placer perverso al molestar a sus compañeros.
C1 adjective /ˈbaɪtɪŋ/

Biting

mordiendo; frío intenso; crítico agudo o áspero
Meaning
extremely cold; sharply critical or harsh
Example
The biting cold made everyone shiver.
El frío mordaz hizo que todos temblaran.
C1 adjective ˈtæktɪkəl

tactical

táctico
Meaning
Relating to or constituting actions carefully planned to gain a specific military or political end.
Example
Tactical thinking is crucial in business negotiations.
El pensamiento táctico es crucial en las negociaciones comerciales.
C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

eficiencia fotosintética
Meaning
The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.
Example
Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.
Mejorar la eficiencia fotosintética puede aumentar los rendimientos de los cultivos.
C1 verb /ɪˈkweɪt/

equate

equiparar
Meaning
To consider as equal or equivalent.
Example
Many people equate wealth with success.
Muchas personas equiparan la riqueza con el éxito.
C1 noun /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

drudgery

trabajo arduo y monótono
Meaning
Hard, menial, or dull work.
Example
She wanted to escape the drudgery of her daily routine.
Ella quería escapar de la rutina monótona de su día a día.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkeɪnaɪn/

canine

relacionado con los perros / dientes caninos
Meaning
Relating to dogs; also refers to the pointed teeth in humans and animals
Example
The police trained a canine unit for search operations.
La policía entrenó una unidad canina para las operaciones de búsqueda.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnsəl/

consul

cónsul / embajador
Meaning
an official appointed by a government to live in a foreign city and protect its citizens and interests there
Example
The consul assisted travelers who lost their passports.
El cónsul asistió a los viajeros que perdieron sus pasaportes.
C1 adjective /ˌsæŋktɪˈmoʊniəs/

sanctimonious

hipócrita y moralista
Meaning
Making a show of being morally superior to others; hypocritically pious.
Example
He gave a sanctimonious speech about honesty while he himself was corrupt.
Él dio un discurso hipócrita sobre la honestidad mientras él mismo era corrupto.
C1 adjective /ˈed.jʊ.keɪ.tɪv/

Educative

educativo; instructivo; informativo
Meaning
providing education; instructive; informative
Example
The documentary was highly educative and informative.
El documental fue muy educativo e informativo.
C1 noun /ˈmɔːr.ɡɪʤ/

Mortgage

hipoteca
Meaning
a legal agreement by which a bank lends money to buy property
Example
They took out a mortgage to buy their first house.
Tomaron una hipoteca para comprar su primera casa.
C1 noun /kənˈtɛnʃən/

contention

contienda, desacuerdo
Meaning
heated disagreement or argument; a point asserted in debate
Example
The main contention between the two parties was over tax reform.
La principal contienda entre las dos partes fue sobre la reforma fiscal.
C1 noun /ˈɔːrθədɑːksi/

orthodoxy

ortodoxia
Meaning
traditional or generally accepted beliefs and practices
Example
The religious leader defended the orthodoxy of the faith.
El líder religioso defendió la ortodoxia de la fe.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈvɜːr.ʒən/

introversion

introversión
Meaning
The tendency to be inward-looking and shy, preferring solitary activities.
Example
Her introversion made it difficult for her to enjoy large parties.
Su introversión le dificultaba disfrutar de las grandes fiestas.
C1 noun /iːl/

Eel

anguila
Meaning
a long, snake-like fish that lives in both fresh and salt water
Example
The electric eel can generate powerful electric shocks.
La anguila eléctrica puede generar potentes descargas eléctricas.
C1 verb /ˈkʌvət/

covet

codiciar
Meaning
to desire something belonging to someone else
Example
He coveted his neighbor's new car.
Él codició el coche nuevo de su vecino.
C1 verb /kliːv/

cleave

dividir, cortar
Meaning
to split or divide; to cut through forcefully
Example
He used an axe to cleave the wood.
Usó un hacha para dividir la madera.
C1 noun /ˌpændəˈmoʊniəm/

pandemonium

pandemonio
Meaning
Wild and noisy disorder or confusion; uproar.
Example
When the concert was canceled, pandemonium broke out among the crowd.
Cuando el concierto fue cancelado, se desató el pandemonio entre la multitud.
C1 verb /ˈruː.mɪ.neɪt/

ruminate

rumiar, reflexionar profundamente
Meaning
to think deeply about something; to chew cud (for animals)
Example
She sat alone to ruminate on her decision.
Ella se sentó sola a rumiar sobre su decisión.
C1 adjective /ˌiːɡəˈtɪstɪkəl/

egotistical

ególatra
Meaning
Excessively self-absorbed or conceited.
Example
Her egotistical behavior made it difficult for her to maintain friendships.
Su comportamiento ególatra hizo difícil que mantuviera amistades.
C1 noun /ˈvɪɡər/

vigor

vigor
Meaning
Physical strength, energy, or enthusiasm.
Example
She tackled the project with great vigor and determination.
Ella abordó el proyecto con gran vigor y determinación.
C1 adjective /ˈplaɪəbəl/

pliable

flexible
Meaning
easily bent or flexible; adaptable
Example
The metal is pliable enough to be shaped into jewelry.
El metal es lo suficientemente flexible como para ser moldeado en joyas.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

comprehensible

comprensible
Meaning
able to be understood; intelligible
Example
The teacher explained the topic in a comprehensible way.
El maestro explicó el tema de una manera comprensible.
C1 noun /ˈɛdɪfɪs/

edifice

edificio
Meaning
A large, impressive building or structure.
Example
The museum is an impressive edifice in the city center.
El museo es un impresionante edificio en el centro de la ciudad.
C1 noun /ˌdʒerənˈtɑːlədʒi/

gerontology

gerontología
Meaning
The scientific study of old age and the process of aging.
Example
She chose to specialize in gerontology after completing medical school.
Ella decidió especializarse en gerontología después de completar la escuela de medicina.
C1 verb /riːk/

wreak

causar daño
Meaning
to cause or inflict something, especially damage or harm
Example
The storm wreaked havoc on the coastal villages.
La tormenta causó grandes daños en los pueblos costeros.
C1 verb /ˈpoʊ.lə.raɪz/

polarize

polarizar
Meaning
to divide or cause to divide into two sharply contrasting groups or sets of opinions or beliefs
Example
The controversial decision polarized public opinion.
La decisión controvertida dividió la opinión pública en dos grupos opuestos.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkɒn.stɪ.tʃuːt/

reconstitute

reconstituir
Meaning
to restore something to its original form or state; to reassemble
Example
The group was reconstituted after the leader returned.
El grupo fue reconstituido después de que el líder regresó.
C1 verb /plʌm/

plumb

medir la profundidad o examinar de cerca
Meaning
to measure the depth of water or examine closely
Example
They used a line to plumb the depth of the lake.
Ellos usaron una línea para medir la profundidad del lago.
C1 noun /pəˈfjuː.mər.i/

perfumery

industria de perfumes
Meaning
the art, business, or products of making perfumes
Example
She works in a perfumery that creates luxury scents.
Ella trabaja en una perfumería que crea aromas de lujo.
C1 noun/verb /ɪˈstiːm/

esteem

estima
Meaning
Respect and admiration, typically for a person.
Example
She is held in high esteem by her colleagues.
Ella es muy respetada por sus colegas.
C1 noun/verb /ˈkwɒr.i/

quarry

cantera / presa
Meaning
A place where stone or minerals are extracted; also means prey when hunted.
Example
The workers quarried limestone from the hill.
Los trabajadores extrajeron piedra caliza de la colina.
C1 noun ˈmaɪ.krəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts

micronutrients

micronutrientes
Meaning
Essential nutrients required by organisms in small quantities throughout life to orchestrate a range of physiological functions.
Example
Micronutrients are essential for cellular function.
Los micronutrientes son esenciales para la función celular.
C1 noun /ˈmiːnnəs/

Meanness

maldad; avaricia
Meaning
The quality of being unkind, spiteful, or unfair; stinginess
Example
His meanness towards the poor children shocked everyone in the neighborhood.
Su maldad hacia los niños pobres sorprendió a todos en el vecindario.
C1 adjective /ˈroʊ.ɡɪʃ/

Roguish

travieso; pícaro
Meaning
mischievous; playfully dishonest
Example
His roguish smile suggested he was up to some mischief.
Su sonrisa traviesa sugería que estaba tramando alguna travesura.
C1 noun /ˈtæm.ər.ɪnd/

Tamarind

tamarindo
Meaning
a brown tropical fruit with a tangy, sour taste used in cooking and beverages
Example
Tamarind is commonly used in Asian and Middle Eastern cuisines for its sour flavor.
El tamarindo se usa comúnmente en la cocina asiática y del Medio Oriente por su sabor ácido.
C1 noun /ˈmæk.ər.əl/

Mackerel

caballa
Meaning
a streamlined marine fish with a forked tail and wavy stripes
Example
Mackerel is rich in omega-3 fatty acids.
La caballa es rica en ácidos grasos omega-3.
C1 adjective /ˈpɒlɪtɪk/

politic

astuto, prudente
Meaning
shrewd, prudent, or tactful in practical matters
Example
It was politic of him to remain silent during the argument.
Fue astuto de su parte permanecer en silencio durante la discusión.
C1 adjective /ˈpleɪntɪv/

plaintive

triste, lamentoso
Meaning
expressing sadness or sorrow
Example
He raised a plaintive cry for help.
Él levantó un grito lamentoso pidiendo ayuda.
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrfjuː/

curfew

toque de queda
Meaning
a rule requiring people to stay indoors after a certain time, usually at night
Example
The city imposed a curfew during the unrest.
La ciudad impuso un toque de queda durante los disturbios.
C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

cifrado
Meaning
A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.
Example
Military messages are protected using a cipher.
Los mensajes militares están protegidos mediante un cifrado.
C1 verb /ˈrʌsl/

rustle

crujir
Meaning
To make a soft, light sound like leaves or paper moving.
Example
The leaves rustled gently in the evening breeze.
Las hojas crujían suavemente con la brisa de la tarde.
C1 verb /ˈstɪp.jʊ.leɪt/

stipulate

establecer
Meaning
to demand or specify a condition in an agreement or contract
Example
The contract stipulates that payment must be made within 30 days.
El contrato estipula que el pago debe realizarse dentro de 30 días.
C1 adjective /ˈdɔːr.mənt/

Dormant

inactivo; durmiendo; temporalmente suspendido; no actualmente activo
Meaning
inactive; sleeping; temporarily suspended; not currently active
Example
The volcano has been dormant for over a century.
El volcán ha estado inactivo por más de un siglo.
C1 verb /deɪz/

daze

aturdir
Meaning
to stun or confuse someone temporarily with a shock or surprise
Example
The bright lights dazed the runners as they entered the stadium.
Las luces brillantes aturdirán a los corredores cuando entren en el estadio.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.hɑːrˈmɒn.ɪk/

philharmonic

relacionado con una orquesta sinfónica
Meaning
relating to a symphony orchestra or its music
Example
The philharmonic orchestra performed a stunning rendition of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony.
La orquesta filarmónica realizó una impresionante interpretación de la Novena Sinfonía de Beethoven.
C1 adjective, verb, noun /ˈkaʊntərfɪt/

counterfeit

falsificado
Meaning
made to look like something genuine in order to deceive
Example
The police seized a batch of counterfeit currency.
La policía confiscó un lote de billetes falsificados.
C1 verb /wɪns/

wince

hacer una mueca por dolor
Meaning
To make an involuntary movement of the face or body as a result of pain or distress.
Example
He winced when the doctor touched his injured arm.
Él hizo una mueca cuando el doctor tocó su brazo herido.
C1 adjective /ˈmæliəbl̩/

malleable

fácil de moldear
Meaning
Easily shaped or influenced; capable of being bent or adapted.
Example
Gold is a highly malleable metal used in jewelry.
El oro es un metal muy maleable utilizado en joyería.
C1 adjective /ˈwɒn.tən/

Wanton

deliberado y no provocado; sexualmente indecente o promiscuo
Meaning
deliberate and unprovoked; sexually immodest or promiscuous
Example
The vandals caused wanton destruction to the public property.
Los vándalos causaron destrucción irresponsable en la propiedad pública.
C1 adjective /ˈwɜːrkəbəl/

Workable

realizable; practicable
Meaning
capable of being done or put into effect; practical
Example
We need a workable solution to solve this problem quickly.
Necesitamos una solución práctica para resolver este problema rápidamente.
C1 noun /ˌriː.pəˈkʌʃ.ən/

repercussion

repercusión
Meaning
An unintended consequence occurring some time after an event or action.
Example
The economic crisis had severe repercussions on global trade.
La crisis económica tuvo severas repercusiones en el comercio global.
C1 verb /əˈflɪkt/

afflict

afligir
Meaning
to cause pain, suffering, or distress to someone or something
Example
Many people are afflicted by seasonal allergies.
Muchas personas están afligidas por alergias estacionales.
C1 noun /ˈrɛz.ə.nəns/

resonance

resonancia
Meaning
A deep, reverberating sound or a quality of evoking response.
Example
His speech had a deep resonance with the audience.
Su discurso tuvo una profunda resonancia con la audiencia.
C1 noun /ˈmædʒɪstreɪt/

magistrate

magistrado
Meaning
A civil officer who administers the law, often with limited judicial authority.
Example
The magistrate presided over the minor criminal case.
El magistrado presidió el caso penal menor.
C1 adjective ʌnˈpær.ə.leld

Unparalleled

incomparable
Meaning
Having no equal; unmatched, peerless, and supreme in quality or achievement.
Example
The unparalleled beauty of the Taj Mahal amazes visitors.
La belleza incomparable del Taj Mahal asombra a los visitantes.
C1 noun /ˈɪnflʌks/

influx

afluencia
Meaning
A large arrival or flow of people or things.
Example
The city experienced an influx of tourists during the festival.
La ciudad experimentó una afluencia de turistas durante el festival.
C1 noun /ʃɑːrd/

shard

fragmento
Meaning
a broken piece of glass, metal, or pottery
Example
He cut his finger on a shard of glass.
Se cortó el dedo con un fragmento de vidrio.
C1 adjective /ˈdjuːbiəs/

dubious

dudoso
Meaning
Hesitating or doubting; not to be relied upon.
Example
She gave him a dubious look after hearing his excuse.
Ella le dio una mirada dudosa después de escuchar su excusa.
C1 adjective /ˌrɛprɪzɛnˈteɪʃənl̩/

representational

representacional
Meaning
Relating to or depicting something in a realistic or symbolic way.
Example
The artist preferred a representational style of painting.
El artista prefería un estilo representacional de pintura.
C1 verb /dɪˈdjuːs/

deduce

deducir
Meaning
to reach a conclusion by reasoning or inference
Example
From the evidence, the detective deduced that the suspect was lying.
A partir de la evidencia, el detective dedujo que el sospechoso estaba mintiendo.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsiːmli/

unseemly

indecoroso
Meaning
Not proper or appropriate in behavior or appearance; unbecoming.
Example
His unseemly remarks embarrassed everyone at the dinner table.
Sus comentarios indecorosos avergonzaron a todos en la mesa de la cena.
C1 noun /əbˈzɜːvəns/

observance

observancia
Meaning
The practice of following a custom, rule, or religious law.
Example
The festival is held in observance of a centuries-old tradition.
El festival se celebra en observancia de una tradición centenaria.
C1 noun/verb /freɪ/

fray

pelea, desgastarse
Meaning
As a noun, a fight or heated dispute; as a verb, to unravel or wear out through friction.
Example
He tried to stay calm, but his nerves began to fray during the argument.
Trató de mantenerse calmado, pero sus nervios empezaron a desgastarse durante la discusión.
C1 noun/verb /ˈɡlɪmər/

glimmer

un resplandor débil
Meaning
A faint or wavering light; to shine with a faint light.
Example
A glimmer of hope shone in her eyes.
Un resplandor de esperanza brilló en sus ojos.
C1 adjective /ˈɪəri/

eerie

extraño
Meaning
Strange and frightening in a mysterious way.
Example
The abandoned house had an eerie silence.
La casa abandonada tenía un extraño silencio.
C1 noun /lɒft/

loft

ático
Meaning
An upper room or space, often under the roof of a building.
Example
She converted the old loft into a modern studio.
Ella convirtió el viejo ático en un moderno estudio.
C1 adverb /ˌðɛrəˈbaʊt/

thereabout

aproximadamente
Meaning
Approximately or around that place, amount, or time.
Example
The repairs will cost five hundred dollars or thereabout.
Las reparaciones costarán quinientos dólares o alrededor de eso.
C1 noun ˈæ.sɛt ˌæl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən

asset allocation

asignación de activos
Meaning
An investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by apportioning a portfolio's assets according to an individual's goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon.
Example
Proper asset allocation is key to financial growth.
Una correcta asignación de activos es clave para el crecimiento financiero.
C1 adjective ˈbɜːdʒənɪŋ

burgeoning

en expansión
Meaning
Beginning to grow or increase rapidly; flourishing.
Example
The burgeoning tech industry has attracted many investors.
La industria tecnológica en expansión ha atraído a muchos inversores.
C1 noun /təˈbuː/

taboo

tabú
Meaning
a social or cultural prohibition against certain practices or discussions
Example
Talking about money is considered a taboo in some cultures.
Hablar de dinero se considera un tabú en algunas culturas.
C1 verb /ˈtɑːrnɪʃ/

tarnish

embarrar
Meaning
To lose luster, especially as a result of exposure to air or moisture; to damage reputation.
Example
The silver jewelry tarnished quickly when left in the open air.
La joyería de plata se embarró rápidamente cuando se dejó al aire libre.
C1 noun /əˈtaɪər/

attire

atuendo
Meaning
Clothing, especially formal or elegant wear.
Example
She wore traditional attire at the wedding ceremony.
Ella llevaba un atuendo tradicional en la ceremonia de la boda.
C1 adjective /ˌæl.ɡəˈrɪð.mɪk/

algorithmic

basado en algoritmos
Meaning
Based on or using algorithms; relating to mathematical rules or procedures.
Example
Algorithmic processes power artificial intelligence systems.
Los procesos algorítmicos impulsan los sistemas de inteligencia artificial.
C1 adjective /stɔːntʃ/

staunch

firme, leal
Meaning
Loyal, committed, and firm in support.
Example
She is a staunch supporter of environmental protection.
Ella es una firme defensora de la protección del medio ambiente.
C1 verb /dɪˈtrækt/

detract

restar
Meaning
To reduce or take away the worth or value of something.
Example
His rude behavior will detract from his good reputation.
Su comportamiento grosero restará valor a su buena reputación.
C1 noun /ɪɡˈzuːbərəns/

exuberance

exuberancia
Meaning
the quality of being full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness
Example
Her exuberance made the whole team feel motivated.
Su exuberancia hizo que todo el equipo se sintiera motivado.
C1 noun /dɪˈfaɪəns/

defiance

desobediencia
Meaning
Open resistance or bold disobedience.
Example
The protest was an act of defiance against injustice.
La protesta fue un acto de desobediencia contra la injusticia.
C1 adjective /ˈθɪŋ.kə.bəl/

thinkable

pensable
Meaning
Capable of being imagined or conceived; possible to consider or believe
Example
It is hard to believe that such an outcome is even thinkable.
Es difícil creer que tal resultado sea siquiera imaginable.
C1 noun /səˈnɑːtə/

sonata

composición musical (sonata)
Meaning
A musical composition for one or more instruments, typically in several movements.
Example
She performed a beautiful Beethoven sonata on the piano.
Ella interpretó una hermosa sonata de Beethoven en el piano.
C1 noun /ˈreɪ.biːz/

rabies

rabia
Meaning
A viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals, usually transmitted through animal bites.
Example
The dog was vaccinated against rabies.
El perro fue vacunado contra la rabia.
C1 noun əˈrɪd.ɪ.ti

aridity

aridez
Meaning
The state of being extremely dry, especially having insufficient rainfall to support vegetation.
Example
The aridity of the land is increasing due to climate change.
La aridez de la tierra está aumentando debido al cambio climático.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnsəbl/

insensible

insensible
Meaning
Unconscious; unaware of or indifferent to something.
Example
He was insensible to the cold as he lay in the snow.
Él estaba insensible al frío mientras yacía en la nieve.