Vocabularies

English Vocabulary Dictionary | Word Meanings, Definitions & Examples

cosmology definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/kɒzˈmɒlədʒi/
космология (kosmologiya)

the science of the origin and development of the universe

"She studied cosmology to understand the origins of the universe."

"Она изучала космологию, чтобы понять происхождение вселенной." (Ona izuchala kosmologiyu, chtoby ponyat proiskhozhdenie vselennoy.)
cosmopolitan definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən/
космополитический (kosmopolitischeskiy)

familiar with and at ease in many different countries and cultures

"He has a cosmopolitan outlook due to his extensive travels."

"Он имеет космополитический взгляд благодаря своим обширным путешествиям." (On imeyet kosmopoliticheskiy vzglyad blagodarya svoim obshirnym puteshestviyam.)
Cosmos definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkɒzmɒs/
космос (kosmos)

the universe seen as a well-ordered whole

"Astronomers study the cosmos to learn about the universe's structure."

"Астрономы изучают космос, чтобы узнать о структуре вселенной." (Astronomy izuchayut kosmos, chtoby uznat' o strukture vselennoy.)
noun C1
/ˈkɒt.ən ˈfæb.rɪk/
хлопковая ткань (khlopkovaya tkan)

textile made from cotton fibers, known for being soft, breathable, and comfortable

"Cotton fabric is perfect for summer clothing."

"Хлопковая ткань идеально подходит для летней одежды." (Khlopkovaya tkan ideal'no podkhodit dlya letney odezhdy.)
countenance definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkaʊn.tə.nəns/
лицо, выражение; поддержка (litsо, vyrazhenie; podderzhka)

a person's face or expression; support or approval

"Her cheerful countenance brightened the room."

"Ее радостное лицо осветило комнату." (Eeyo radostnoe litso osvetilo komnatu.)
counter-claim definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkaʊn.tər kleɪm/
контриск (kontrisk)

a claim made to rebut a previous claim, often in legal contexts

"The defendant filed a counter-claim against the plaintiff."

"Ответчик подал контриск против истца." (Otvetchik podal kontrisk protiv istsa.)
counteract definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/ˌkaʊntərˈækt/
противодействовать (protivodeystvovat')

to act against something in order to reduce its effect

"The medicine helps counteract the side effects of the treatment."

"Препарат помогает нейтрализовать побочные эффекты лечения." (Preparat pomogaet neytralizovat' pobochniye effekty lecheniya.)
counterbalance definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/ˌkaʊntərˈbæləns/
компенсировать (kompensirovat)

to offset or balance the effect of something

"Exercise can counterbalance the negative effects of stress."

"Упражнения могут компенсировать негативные последствия стресса." (Uprazhneniya mogut kompenosirovat negativnye posledstviya stressa.)
counterfeit definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective, verb, noun C1
/ˈkaʊntərfɪt/
подделка (poddielka)

made to look like something genuine in order to deceive

"The police seized a batch of counterfeit currency."

"Полиция изъяла партию фальшивых денег." (Politsiya izyala partiyu fal'shivyh deneg.)
counterintuitive definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtuːɪtɪv/
неинтуитивный (neintuitivnyy)

contrary to what one would intuitively expect

"His approach seems counterintuitive but it actually works."

"Его подход кажется неинтуитивным, но на самом деле работает." (Ego podkhod kazhetsya neintuitivnym, no na samom dele rabotayet.)
counterpoint definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkaʊntərˌpɔɪnt/
контрапункт (kontrapunkt)

an argument, idea, or theme contrasting with another; also a musical term for independent melody

"Her calm attitude was a counterpoint to his anger."

"Её спокойное поведение было контрапунктом его гнева." (Yeyo spokoynoye povedeniye bylo kontrapunktom yego gneva.)
counterproductive definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˌkaʊntərprəˈdʌktɪv/
контрпродуктивный (kontraproduktivnyy)

having the opposite of the desired effect; harmful to achieving goals

"Skipping breakfast is counterproductive to your energy levels."

"Пропуск завтрака контрпродуктивен для вашего уровня энергии." (Propusk zavtraka kontrproduktivyen dlya vashego urovnya energii.)
countryman definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkʌntrɪmən/
соотечественник (sootechestvennik)

a person from one's own country or rural area

"He was proud to meet a fellow countryman at the international conference."

"Он гордился тем, что встретил соотечественника на международной конференции." (On gordilsya tem, chto vstretit sootechestvennika na mezhdunarodnoy konferencii.)
coup definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/kuː/
переворот (perevorot)

a sudden, decisive action that brings about a change, especially in government

"The military staged a coup to overthrow the existing regime."

"Армия устроила переворот, чтобы свергнуть существующий режим." (Armiya ustroila perevorot, chtoby svergnut' sushchestvuyushchiy rezim.)
Course flour definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/kɔːrs flaʊər/
грубая мука (grubaya muka)

coarsely ground flour with larger particles, typically used for baking bread

"She used course flour to make homemade bread with a rustic texture."

"Она использовала грубую муку для приготовления домашнего хлеба с деревенской текстурой." (Ona ispol'zovala grubuyu muku dlya prigotovleniya domashnego hleba s derevenskoy teksturoy.)
covenant definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkʌvənənt/
договор (dogovor)

a formal agreement or promise, often legally binding

"The landlord and tenant signed a covenant to maintain the property."

"Арендодатель и арендаторы подписали договор на сохранение собственности." (Arendodatel' i arendatory podpisali dogovor na sokhranenie sobstvennosti.)
covert definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
🕵️‍♂️

covert (коверт)

adjective C1
/ˈkoʊvərt/
скрытый (skrytyy)

hidden, secret, or not openly acknowledged

"The spy conducted a covert operation behind enemy lines."

"Шпион провел скрытую операцию за вражескими линиями." (Shpion provel skrytuyu operatsiyu za vragami liniyami.)
covet definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/ˈkʌvət/
желать (zhelat)

to desire something belonging to someone else

"He coveted his neighbor's new car."

"Он завидовал новой машине своего соседа." (On zavidoval novoy mashine svoego soseda.)
cowardice definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkaʊərdɪs/
трусость (trusost')

lack of courage; behavior showing fear

"His cowardice prevented him from speaking up."

"Его трусость помешала ему выступить." (Yego trusost' pomeshalo yemu vystupit'.)
cower definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/ˈkaʊər/
сжаться от страха (szhatsya ot strakha)

to crouch down in fear

"The child cowered behind the sofa during the thunderstorm."

"Ребёнок прятался за диваном во время грозы." (Rebyonok pritalas' za divanom vo vremya grozy.)
coy definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/kɔɪ/
стеснительный, замкнутый (stessnitel'nyy, zamknutyy)

reluctant to give details or reveal feelings; shy or reserved

"She gave a coy smile when asked about her plans."

"Она дала стеснительную улыбку, когда ее спросили о ее планах." (Ona dala stessnitel'nuyu ulybku, kogda yey sprosili o yey planakh.)
crafty definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˈkræfti/
хитрый, ловкий, обманчивый (khitryi, lovkii, obmanchivyi)

skilled at achieving goals through cunning or deceit; sly

"The crafty fox evaded the hunters again."

"Хитрая лиса снова обманула охотников." (Khitrya lisa snova obmanula okhotnikov.)
crag definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/kræɡ/
крутая скала или обрыв (krutaya skala ili obryv)

a steep or rugged cliff or rock face

"The hikers climbed the jagged crag to reach the summit."

"Путешественники поднялись по скалистому обрыву, чтобы достичь вершины." (Puteshestvenniki podnyalis' po skalistomu obryvu, chtoby dostich' vershiny.)
crass definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/kræs/
грубый, без чувствительности или утонченности (grubyj, bez chuvstvitel'nosti ili utochnennosti)

lacking sensitivity, refinement, or intelligence

"His crass remarks offended everyone at the meeting."

"Его грубые замечания оскорбили всех на встрече." (Ego grubyje zamechaniya oskorbili vsekh na vstreche.)
creak definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/kriːk/
издавать высокочастотный скрипящий звук (izdavat' vysokochastotnyy skripyashchiy zvuk)

to make a high-pitched, squeaking noise when moved

"The old door creaked as she opened it."

"Старая дверь заскрипела, когда она ее открыла." (Staraya dver' zaskripela, kogda ona yeye otkryla.)
noun, verb C1
/kriːs/
складка, морщина (skladka, morzhina)

a line or fold produced on paper, cloth, or other material; to make a fold or wrinkle

"She ironed the shirt carefully to remove every crease."

"Она аккуратно прогладила рубашку, чтобы удалить каждую складку." (Ona akkuratno progladila rubashku, chtoby udalit' kazhduyu skladku.)
credence definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkriː.dəns/
доверие, вера (doverie, vera)

belief in or acceptance of something as true

"The witness gave credence to the defendant's alibi."

"Свидетель дал доверие алиби обвиняемого." (Svidetel' dal doverie alibi obvinenogo.)
noun C1
/krɪˈden.ʃəl/
квалификация, диплом (kvalifikatsiya, diplom)

a qualification, achievement, or aspect of a person's background used to indicate suitability for something

"She presented her credentials before starting the new job."

"Она предъявила свои дипломы перед тем, как начать новую работу." (Ona pred'yavila svoi diplomu pered tem, kak nachat' novuyu rabotu.)
creditable definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˈkrɛdɪtəbl/
достойный похвалы (dostoynyy pokhvaly)

Deserving praise or acknowledgment, though not necessarily outstanding.

"She made a creditable effort in completing the project on time."

"Она сделала достойную похвалы попытку завершить проект вовремя." (Ona sdelala dostoynuyu pokhvaly popytku zavershit' proyekt vovremya.)
noun C1
/kriːd/
вероучение, принцип (verouchenie, printsip)

A system of religious or spiritual beliefs or a guiding principle.

"Freedom of speech is part of his personal creed."

"Свобода слова является частью его личного вероучения." (Svoboda slova yavyayetsya chastyu yego lichnogo veroucheniya.)
cremate definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/ˈkriː.meɪt/
кремировать (kremirovat)

to burn the body of a dead person until only ash remains

"They decided to cremate their relative according to tradition."

"Они решили кремировать своего родственника согласно традиции." (Oni reshili kremirovat' svoego rodstvennika soglasno traditsii.)
noun C1
/krəˈʃɛndoʊ/
постепенное увеличение громкости (postepennoe uvelichenie gromkosti)

a gradual increase in loudness or intensity, especially in music

"The orchestra built to a powerful crescendo before the finale."

"Оркестр развивал мощное крешендо перед финалом." (Orkestr razvival moshchnoe krescendo pered finalom.)
noun C1
/krɛst/
вершина (vershina)

the top of a hill, wave, or mountain; a symbol of identity

"The hikers reached the crest of the mountain at sunrise."

"Туристы достигли вершины горы на рассвете." (Turisty dostigli vershiny gory na rassvete.)
crevasse definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/krəˈvæs/
глубокая трещина (glubokaya treshchina)

a deep crack in a glacier or the earth’s surface

"The climbers carefully crossed the icy crevasse."

"Альпинисты осторожно пересекли ледяную трещину." (Al'pinisty ostorozhno peresekli ledyanuyu treshchinu.)
noun C1
/ˈkrɛvɪs/
трещина (treshchina)

a narrow crack or opening, especially in a rock or wall

"The lizard hid in a crevice between the stones."

"Ящерица спряталась в трещине между камнями." (Yashcheritsa spryatalas' v treshchine mezhdu kamnyami.)
Crimson definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
adjective C1
/ˈkrɪm.zən/
темно-красный (temno-krasnyy)

a deep purplish-red color

"The crimson sunset painted the sky with beautiful shades."

"Темно-красный закат раскрасил небо в красивые оттенки." (Temno-krasnyy zakat raskrasil nebo v krasivyye ottenki.)
verb C1
/krɪndʒ/
съёживаться (s'yoyzhivat'sya)

To shrink back in fear, embarrassment, or discomfort.

"She cringed when she remembered her mistake."

"Она съёжилась, когда вспомнила свою ошибку." (Ona s'yoyzhilas', kogda vspomnila svoyu oshibku.)
noun/verb C1
/kroʊˈʃeɪ/
крючок (kryuchok)

Needlework made by interlocking loops of thread with a hooked needle; the act of making such items.

"She learned how to crochet a scarf for winter."

"Она научилась вязать шарф на зиму." (Ona nauchilas' vyzat' sharf na zimu.)
noun C1
/ˈkrɒkəri/
посуда (posuda)

Dishes, plates, cups, and other items made of earthenware or china.

"The hotel provided clean crockery for the guests."

"Отель предоставил чистую посуду для гостей." (Otel predostavil chistuyu posudu dlya gostey.)
cronyism definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkroʊniˌɪzəm/
кумовство (kumovstvo)

The practice of favoring friends or associates, especially in political appointments or business deals.

"The company was accused of cronyism in hiring practices."

"Компания была обвинена в кумовстве при найме сотрудников." (Kompaniya byla obvinena v kumovstve pri nayme sotrudnikov.)
crook definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/krʊk/
мошенник (moshennik)

a dishonest person, especially a criminal

"The police finally caught the crook who had been stealing cars."

"Полиция наконец поймала мошенника, который крал машины." (Politsiya nakonec poymala moshennika, kotoryy král mashiny.)
crossbreed definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
verb C1
/ˈkrɒs.briːd/
скрещивать (skreshchivat)

to produce an animal or plant by mating two different breeds, varieties, or species

"Farmers crossbreed cows to improve milk production."

"Фермеры скрещивают коров для улучшения производства молока." (Fermery skreshchivayut korov dlya uluchsheniya proizvodstva moloka.)
adverb C1
/ˈkrɒswaɪz/
по диагонали (po diagonal)

in the form of a cross; diagonally across

"Place the logs crosswise to build a stable fire."

"Положите дрова по диагонали, чтобы построить стабильный огонь." (Polozhite drova po diagonal, chtoby postroit' stabil'nyy ogon'.)
verb C1
/kraʊtʃ/

to bend your knees and lower your body close to the ground

"The cat crouched before leaping at its prey."

Crowbar definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkroʊ.bɑːr/
лом (lom)

a heavy iron bar with a curved end used as a lever for prying things apart

"He used a crowbar to remove the old nails."

"Он использовал лом, чтобы удалить старые гвозди." (On ispol'zoval lom, chtoby udalit' starye gvozdi.)
crucible definition card — visual illustration of the meaning
noun C1
/ˈkruːsɪbəl/
жесткое испытание, плавильный тигель (zhestkoe ispytanie, plavilyj tigel')

a severe test or trial; a container used for heating substances to very high temperatures

"The team emerged stronger from the crucible of competition."

"Команда вышла сильнее из плавильного тигля соревнования." (Komanda vyshla sil'nee iz plavil'nogo tiglya sorevnovaniya.)
verb C1
/ˈkrʌmpəl/
смять (smyat)

to crush something into folds or wrinkles

"He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin."

"Он смял бумагу и бросил её в корзину." (On smyal bumagu i brosil yey v korzinu.)
noun/verb C1
/kruːˈseɪd/
крестовый поход, интенсивная кампания (krestovyy pokhod, intensivnaya kampaniya)

a vigorous campaign for a social, political, or religious cause; to fight passionately for a cause

"She has been crusading for women's rights all her life."

"она боролась за права женщин всю свою жизнь." (ona borolas' za prava zhenshchin vsyu svoyu zhizn'.)
noun C1
/krʌst/
корка (korka)

the hard outer surface of something, especially bread or the Earth's outer layer

"He cut off the crust of the bread before eating."

"Он отрезал корку хлеба перед тем, как съесть." (On otrezal korku khleba pered tem, kak s'yest'.)
noun C1
/krʌˈsteɪʃən/
водное существо с жесткой оболочкой (vodnoe sushchestvo s zhestkoy obolochkoj)

an aquatic animal with a hard shell, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimps

"Crabs and lobsters are well-known crustaceans."

"Крабы и омары хорошо известны среди ракообразных." (Kraby i omary khorosho izvestny sredi rakoobraznykh.)