whereupon
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C1 adverb /ˌwɛr.əˈpɒn/

whereupon

unmittelbar danach
Meaning
Immediately after which; as a result of which.
Example
He confessed his mistake, whereupon she forgave him.
Er gestand seinen Fehler, unmittelbar danach vergab sie ihm.
C1 verb /loʊð/

loathe

verabscheuen
Meaning
to feel intense dislike or disgust for
Example
He absolutely loathes being late to meetings.
Er hasst es, zu spät zu Meetings zu kommen.
C1 verb əˈkruː

accrue

ansammeln
Meaning
To accumulate or receive (payments or benefits) over time.
Example
Interest accrues on the savings account every month.
Zinsen sammeln sich jeden Monat auf dem Sparkonto.
C1 adjective/verb /ˈprɒstreɪt/

prostrate

niederwerfen
Meaning
lying stretched out on the ground with one's face downward, often as a sign of submission or exhaustion
Example
He lay prostrate on the ground after the long battle.
Er lag niedergeworfen auf dem Boden nach der langen Schlacht.
C1 noun /stents/

stents

Stents
Meaning
Small mesh tubes used to treat narrow or blocked arteries.
Example
Stents were successfully placed using robotic techniques.
Die Stents wurden erfolgreich mit robotergestützten Techniken platziert.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈses.ənt/

incessant

unaufhörlich
Meaning
Continuing without pause or interruption; constant.
Example
The incessant noise from the construction site made it hard to concentrate.
Der unaufhörliche Lärm von der Baustelle erschwerte es, sich zu konzentrieren.
C1 verb /ˌʌndərˈsteɪt/

understate

herunterspielen
Meaning
To describe something as being less important or serious than it really is.
Example
He tends to understate his achievements.
Er neigt dazu, seine Erfolge herunterzuspielen.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɔːr.bɪ.tənt/

exorbitant

überhöht
Meaning
Unreasonably high in price or cost; excessive.
Example
The hotel charged an exorbitant price for a basic room.
Das Hotel verlangte einen überhöhten Preis für ein einfaches Zimmer.
C1 verb /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪt/

incubate

inkubieren
Meaning
to keep eggs, cells, or organisms at the right conditions for development
Example
The hen will incubate the eggs until they hatch.
Das Huhn wird die Eier inkubieren, bis sie schlüpfen.
C1 verb /ˈkriːmeɪt/

cremate

einäschern
Meaning
to burn a dead body to ashes as a funeral rite
Example
According to his wishes, they cremated his body after the funeral.
Gemäß seinem Wunsch kremierten sie seinen Körper nach der Beerdigung.
C1 noun /ˈhɒməˌfoʊn/

homophone

Homophon
Meaning
A word that is pronounced the same as another word but differs in meaning, and often spelling.
Example
The words 'pair' and 'pear' are homophones.
Die Wörter 'pair' und 'pear' sind Homophone.
C1 noun mælˈnʌr.ɪʃ.mənt

malnourishment

Unterernährung
Meaning
Lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat.
Example
Children in poverty-stricken areas suffer from malnourishment.
Kinder in von Armut betroffenen Gebieten leiden unter Unterernährung.
C1 verb/noun /ˈθrɒt.əl/

throttle

drosseln/geschwindigkeit kontrollieren
Meaning
To choke or strangle; to control the flow of fuel or power in an engine.
Example
The driver throttled the engine to slow down the car.
Der Fahrer drosselte den Motor, um das Auto zu verlangsamen.
C1 verb /dɪsˈkʌlər/

discolor

verfärben
Meaning
to change color, especially in a way that spoils the original appearance
Example
The fabric began to discolor after being left in the sun.
Der Stoff begann sich zu verfärben, nachdem er in der Sonne gelassen wurde.
C1 noun /ˈneɪ.vəl/

Navel

bauchnabel
Meaning
the small hollow in the center of the stomach where the umbilical cord was attached
Example
The baby's navel cord fell off after a week.
Der Nabelschnur des Babys fiel nach einer Woche ab.
C1 noun /ˌʌnbɪˈliːf/

Unbelief

Unglaube
Meaning
lack of religious belief; skepticism or doubt
Example
His unbelief in the supernatural made him a skeptic.
Sein Unglaube an das Übernatürliche machte ihn zu einem Skeptiker.
C1 noun /ˈmɜːrsəˌnɛri/

mercenary

Söldner
Meaning
a professional soldier hired to serve in a foreign army; also used to describe someone motivated solely by money.
Example
The mercenary fought for whoever paid the highest wage.
Der Söldner kämpfte für denjenigen, der den höchsten Lohn bezahlte.
C1 noun /ˈæspɪrənt/

aspirant

aspirant
Meaning
a person who seeks or hopes to achieve a position of honor or advancement
Example
She is an aspirant for the university's top scholarship.
Sie ist eine Aspirantin für das höchste Stipendium der Universität.
C1 adjective /ˈnær.oʊ ˈmaɪn.dɪd/

Narrow-minded

engstirnig
Meaning
unwilling to consider new ideas; prejudiced; intolerant; having a limited perspective
Example
His narrow-minded attitude prevented him from accepting new ideas.
Seine engstirnige Haltung verhinderte, dass er neue Ideen akzeptierte.
C1 noun /ˌʌnriˈælɪti/

unreality

Unwirklichkeit
Meaning
the state or quality of being unreal; lack of reality or truth
Example
The dreamlike setting gave the story a sense of unreality.
Die traumhafte Kulisse verlieh der Geschichte ein Gefühl von Unwirklichkeit.
C1 noun /ˈlɪmboʊ/

limbo

Ungewissheit, Zustand der Suspension
Meaning
A state of uncertainty or neglect; an intermediate or transitional state.
Example
The project was left in limbo after the funding was withdrawn.
Das Projekt wurde nach dem Rückzug der Finanzierung in Ungewissheit gelassen.
C1 noun /ˈnaɪt.fɔːl/

nightfall

Nachtfall
Meaning
the time when night begins; dusk
Example
They decided to return home before nightfall.
Sie entschieden, vor Einbruch der Nacht nach Hause zurückzukehren.
C1 verb ˈɛk.spɪ.daɪt

expedite

beschleunigen
Meaning
Make an action or process happen sooner or be accomplished more quickly.
Example
The government took steps to expedite the approval process.
Die Regierung ergriff Maßnahmen, um den Genehmigungsprozess zu beschleunigen.
C1 verb /slaʊtʃ/

slouch

sich hängen lassen
Meaning
To stand, sit, or move in a lazy or awkward way.
Example
He slouched in the chair, looking tired.
Er ließ sich im Stuhl hängen und sah müde aus.
C1 adjective /ˈɑːtfəl/

Artful

geschickt; listig; raffiniert
Meaning
clever or skillful, especially in a cunning way
Example
She gave an artful answer that avoided the real question.
Sie gab eine geschickte Antwort, die die wahre Frage vermied.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈpæʃənət/

dispassionate

unbeteiligt
Meaning
not influenced by strong emotion; impartial
Example
The judge remained dispassionate throughout the trial.
Der Richter blieb während des gesamten Prozesses unbeteiligt.
C1 adjective /ˈfɔːrsəbl/

forcible

zwangsweise
Meaning
Done by force; using physical strength or power.
Example
The police made a forcible entry into the house.
Die Polizei führte einen gewaltsamen Eintritt ins Haus durch.
C1 verb ɪˈluːd

elude

entkommen
Meaning
Evade or escape from, typically in a skillful or cunning way; avoid being caught.
Example
The thief managed to elude the police.
Der Dieb konnte der Polizei entkommen.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkɒn.stɪ.tʃuːt/

reconstitute

rekonstituieren
Meaning
to restore something to its original form or state; to reassemble
Example
The group was reconstituted after the leader returned.
Die Gruppe wurde nach der Rückkehr des Führers rekonstituiert.
C1 noun /dɪn/

din

Lärm
Meaning
a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise
Example
The din of traffic outside made it hard to concentrate.
Der Lärm des Verkehrs draußen erschwerte das Konzentrieren.
C1 verb /ˈnʌlɪfaɪ/

nullify

nullifizieren
Meaning
to make something legally invalid or ineffective
Example
The court decided to nullify the contract.
Das Gericht entschied, den Vertrag zu nullifizieren.
C1 verb /ˈwaɪtˌwɑːʃ/

whitewash

beschönigen
Meaning
to cover up faults, errors, or unpleasant facts; to paint with white paint or lime
Example
The report was criticized for trying to whitewash the company's failures.
Der Bericht wurde dafür kritisiert, dass er versuchte, die Misserfolge des Unternehmens zu beschönigen.
C1 verb /ˌriː.kənˈviːn/

reconvene

wieder zusammentreten
Meaning
to gather or assemble again, especially for a meeting
Example
The committee will reconvene after lunch.
Der Ausschuss wird nach dem Mittagessen wieder zusammentreten.
C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

Höhepunkt. Der höchste oder dramatischste Punkt von etwas, insbesondere nach einer langen Zeit.
Meaning
The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.
Example
The project reached its culmination after years of effort.
Das Projekt erreichte seinen Höhepunkt nach jahrelangem Einsatz.
C1 verb /trəˈvɜːrs/

traverse

durchqueren
Meaning
To travel across or through something.
Example
They traversed the desert on camels.
Sie durchquerten die Wüste auf Kamelen.
C1 adjective /ɡlaɪˈsiː.mɪk/

glycemic

glukosebezogen
Meaning
Relating to the presence of glucose in the blood and how foods affect blood sugar levels.
Example
High-glycemic foods cause a rapid increase in blood sugar.
Lebensmittel mit hohem glykämischen Index führen zu einem schnellen Anstieg des Blutzuckers.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒəns/

insurgence

Aufstand
Meaning
An act of rebellion or uprising against authority.
Example
The government struggled to contain the growing insurgence.
Die Regierung hatte Schwierigkeiten, den wachsenden Aufstand zu bekämpfen.
C1 adjective /ˈboʊɡəs/

bogus

falsch
Meaning
false, fake, or not genuine
Example
The police arrested him for using a bogus ID card.
Die Polizei hat ihn wegen der Verwendung eines falschen Ausweises verhaftet.
C1 noun /ræθ/

Wrath

Zorn; Wut
Meaning
extreme anger; intense fury or indignation
Example
His wrath was terrible to behold.
Sein Zorn war schrecklich zu sehen.
C1 noun /stɑːr fruːts/

Star Fruits

Sternfrüchte
Meaning
yellow tropical fruits that form a star shape when sliced crosswise; tangy and crisp taste
Example
When you slice star fruits, they look like beautiful yellow stars on your plate.
Wenn man Sternfrüchte schneidet, sehen sie wie schöne gelbe Sterne auf deinem Teller aus.
C1 noun /ˈdɪs.ə.nəns/

dissonance

Dissonanz
Meaning
Disagreement, lack of harmony, conflict between ideas or beliefs.
Example
The cultural dissonance created misunderstandings.
Die kulturelle Dissonanz führte zu Missverständnissen.
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɪə.ləs/

Cheerless

trostlos; düster; traurig; ohne Freude
Meaning
lacking happiness or comfort; gloomy; depressing; without cheer
Example
The old house looked cheerless and abandoned in the winter rain.
Das alte Haus sah trostlos und verlassen im Winterregen aus.
C1 adjective /pəˈfʌŋk.tər.i/

perfunctory

oberflächlich
Meaning
done without much effort, interest, or thought
Example
He gave a perfunctory nod and walked away.
Er nickte oberflächlich und ging weiter.
C1 verb /iːk/

eke

durchhalten
Meaning
to make a small amount of something last longer by using it sparingly
Example
The family tried to eke out their savings during the tough months.
Die Familie versuchte, ihre Ersparnisse während der schwierigen Monate auszudehnen.
C1 verb /ˈɪnsjuleɪt/

insulate

isolieren
Meaning
To protect something by covering it, especially to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from escaping or entering.
Example
The house was insulated to reduce heating costs.
Das Haus wurde isoliert, um die Heizkosten zu senken.
C1 noun /ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk ˈmaɪl.stəʊn/

diplomatic milestone

diplomatischer Meilenstein
Meaning
A significant achievement or important event in diplomatic relations.
Example
Hosting the summit was a diplomatic milestone.
Die Ausrichtung des Gipfels war ein diplomatischer Meilenstein.
C1 noun /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən/

disposition

Disposition
Meaning
A person's usual attitude or temperament; arrangement or tendency.
Example
She has a cheerful disposition despite the difficulties.
Sie hat eine fröhliche Disposition trotz der Schwierigkeiten.
C1 verb /per/

pare

schälen
Meaning
to cut away the outer covering or reduce something gradually
Example
She pared the apple before eating it.
Sie schälte den Apfel, bevor sie ihn aß.
C1 adjective /ˈdraʊ.zi/

Drowsy

schläfrig; müde; lethargisch
Meaning
feeling sleepy and lethargic; half asleep; tired
Example
I felt drowsy after the heavy meal.
Ich fühlte mich schläfrig nach dem schweren Mahl.
C1 adverb /ˌðɛərˈtu/

Thereto

damit;
Meaning
to that; in addition to that
Example
The house and the garden attached thereto were sold.
Das Haus und der daran angrenzende Garten wurden verkauft.
C1 noun /ˈskeɪp.ɡəʊt/

Scapegoat

Sündenbock
Meaning
a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others
Example
He became the scapegoat for the team's poor performance.
Er wurde zum Sündenbock für die schlechte Leistung des Teams.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæst/

recast

Neu besetzen
Meaning
To present or change something in a different form or style.
Example
The director decided to recast the role with a younger actor.
Der Regisseur entschied sich, die Rolle mit einem jüngeren Schauspieler neu zu besetzen.
C1 noun ˈsɪnədʒi

synergy

Synergie, Zusammenarbeit
Meaning
The interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations, substances, or other agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.
Example
The synergy between the two companies led to a successful partnership.
Die Synergie zwischen den beiden Unternehmen führte zu einer erfolgreichen Partnerschaft.
C1 noun ˌtrɪbjʊˈleɪʃən

tribulation

Prüfung
Meaning
A difficult time or suffering experience
Example
He endured many tribulations in his early years.
Er hat viele Prüfungen in seinen frühen Jahren durchgemacht.
C1 adverb /ˌðɛrəˈbaʊt/

thereabout

ungefähr
Meaning
Approximately or around that place, amount, or time.
Example
The repairs will cost five hundred dollars or thereabout.
Die Reparaturen werden etwa fünfhundert Dollar kosten.
C1 verb /ˈɛm.ə.neɪt/

emanate

ausstrahlen
Meaning
To come out or spread from a source.
Example
A sweet fragrance emanated from the garden.
Ein süßer Duft emanierte aus dem Garten.
C1 noun /ˈbenɪˌfæktər/

Benefactor

Wohltäter; Mäzen; Spender
Meaning
a person who gives money or other help to support a person or cause; a patron
Example
The anonymous benefactor donated millions to the hospital.
Der anonyme Wohltäter spendete Millionen an das Krankenhaus.
C1 adjective /prəˈfeɪn/

profane

profaniert, respektlos
Meaning
showing disrespect or contempt for sacred things; irreverent or vulgar
Example
His jokes were considered too profane for the ceremony.
Seine Witze wurden als zu profan für die Zeremonie angesehen.
C1 adjective /ɪˈræʃənəl/

irrational

irrational
Meaning
not logical or reasonable; lacking clear thought
Example
His fear of the dark was completely irrational.
Seine Angst vor der Dunkelheit war völlig irrational.
C1 noun /ˈtraɪæd/

triad

Triade
Meaning
a group of three closely related people or things
Example
The project was managed by a triad of experts.
Das Projekt wurde von einer Triade von Experten geleitet.
C1 adjective /tɛk ˈdrɪv.ən/

tech-driven

technologiegetrieben
Meaning
Powered or guided by technology; dependent on technological advancement for operation.
Example
The agricultural sector is becoming more tech-driven for higher efficiency.
Der Agrarsektor wird immer mehr technologiegetrieben, um eine höhere Effizienz zu erreichen.
C1 adjective kənˈkɝː.ənt

concurrent

gleichzeitig, parallel, zur selben Zeit stattfindend
Meaning
Existing, happening, or done at the same time.
Example
The conference had concurrent sessions on various topics.
Die Konferenz hatte gleichzeitige Sitzungen zu verschiedenen Themen.
C1 adjective /ˈsɪlkən/

Silken

seiden; weich; glatt;
Meaning
made of silk; smooth and soft like silk
Example
She wore a beautiful silken dress to the party.
Sie trug ein schönes seidenes Kleid zur Party.
C1 verb /dɪˈtrækt/

detract

minderwertig machen
Meaning
To reduce or take away the worth or value of something.
Example
His rude behavior will detract from his good reputation.
Sein unhöfliches Verhalten wird seinen guten Ruf schmälern.
C1 verb /ˈdʒʌmbəl/

jumble

durcheinanderbringen
Meaning
to mix things together in a confused or untidy way
Example
Don't jumble all the papers together in one pile.
Bringe nicht alle Papiere in einem Stapel durcheinander.
C1 adjective /mɪˈrækjələs/

Miraculous

wundersam; erstaunlich; außergewöhnlich
Meaning
supernatural; amazing; extraordinary
Example
Her miraculous recovery amazed all the doctors.
Ihre wundersame Genesung überraschte alle Ärzte.
C1 verb /ɡʌʃ/

gush

strömen
Meaning
to flow out suddenly and forcefully, or to express something enthusiastically
Example
Tears began to gush from her eyes.
Tränen begannen aus ihren Augen zu fließen.
C1 noun /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒəniːz/

aborigines

Aborigines
Meaning
The original inhabitants of a land, especially in Australia.
Example
The aborigines have preserved their traditions for thousands of years.
Die Aborigines haben ihre Traditionen seit Tausenden von Jahren bewahrt.
C1 verb /ˈrʌf.l̩/

ruffle

aufwirbeln, ärgern
Meaning
to disturb the smoothness of something; to annoy or upset someone
Example
The wind ruffled her hair.
Der Wind zerzauste ihre Haare.
C1 noun /ˈpiː.hən/

Peahen

Pfaunin
Meaning
female peacock
Example
The peahen is less colorful than the male peacock.
Die Pfaunin ist weniger farbenfroh als der männliche Pfau.
C1 noun /ˈfænsiər/

fancier

Züchter
Meaning
a person who has a special interest in a particular thing or activity, especially animals or hobbies
Example
He is a fancier of rare birds.
Er ist ein Züchter seltener Vögel.
C1 noun /səˈvænə/

savanna

Savanne (mit verstreuten Bäumen)
Meaning
a grassy plain with scattered trees, typical of tropical and subtropical regions
Example
Giraffes browsed on acacia trees across the wide savanna.
Giraffen grasten an Akazienbäumen über die weite Savanne.
C1 noun /ˈtrɪlədʒi/

trilogy

Trilogie
Meaning
a set of three related works, usually books or films, that form a connected story
Example
The director finally released the third film to complete the sci-fi trilogy.
Der Regisseur veröffentlichte endlich den dritten Film, um die Sci-Fi-Trilogie zu vervollständigen.
C1 verb /rɪˈkaʊnt/

recount

erzählen
Meaning
to narrate or tell the details of an event or experience
Example
She recounted her adventures during the summer trip.
Sie erzählte ihre Abenteuer während der Sommerreise.
C1 adjective /rɪˈzɪdjuəl/

residual

residual
Meaning
Remaining after the greater part has gone.
Example
The patient experienced residual pain after the surgery.
Der Patient erlebte nach der Operation residuale Schmerzen.
C1 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈbɒlɪkəl/

diabolical

diabolisch
Meaning
Wicked, cruel, or outrageously bad; resembling the devil.
Example
The dictator’s diabolical rule brought misery to the nation.
Die diabolische Herrschaft des Diktators brachte Elend in das Land.
C1 noun /ræmˈbuːtən/

Rambutan

rambutan
Meaning
a tropical fruit with red spiky skin and white translucent sweet flesh similar to litchi
Example
The rambutan looks scary with its hairy skin but tastes very sweet inside.
Der Rambutan sieht mit seiner haarigen Haut gruselig aus, schmeckt aber innen sehr süß.
C1 adjective /məˈtɪk.jə.ləs/

meticulous

Äußerst sorgfältig und genau in der Aufmerksamkeit auf Details
Meaning
Extremely careful and precise in attention to detail
Example
A meticulous researcher checks every detail before publishing.
Ein sorgfältiger Forscher überprüft jedes Detail, bevor er es veröffentlicht.
C1 noun /ænˈtɪθəsɪs/

antithesis

Antithese
Meaning
A person, thing, or idea that is the direct opposite of another; a rhetorical device contrasting opposing ideas in parallel structure.
Example
Love is the antithesis of hate.
Liebe ist die Antithese von Hass.
C1 noun /ɑːˌtɪkjʊˈleɪʃən/

articulation

ausdruck
Meaning
The action of putting into words an idea or feeling of a specified type.
Example
His articulation during the debate impressed everyone.
Seine Artikulation während der Debatte beeindruckte alle.
C1 adjective /ˈten.tə.tɪv/

Tentative

vorläufig; unsicher
Meaning
not certain or fixed; provisional; hesitant or unsure
Example
We made tentative plans to meet next week.
Wir haben vorläufige Pläne gemacht, uns nächste Woche zu treffen.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrtɪlɪdʒ/

cartilage

Knorpel
Meaning
A firm, flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body such as joints, ear, and nose.
Example
The doctor explained that the injury damaged the cartilage in his knee.
Der Arzt erklärte, dass die Verletzung den Knorpel in seinem Knie beschädigt hatte.
C1 adjective /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃəl/

differential

differenziell
Meaning
Relating to or showing a difference; involving a distinction.
Example
There is a differential treatment between the two groups.
Es gibt eine differenzielle Behandlung zwischen den beiden Gruppen.
C1 noun /saɪˈteɪʃən/

citation

Zitation
Meaning
a quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author
Example
The research paper included a citation from Shakespeare.
Das Forschungspapier enthielt ein Zitat von Shakespeare.
C1 noun /ˈsɜːr.vɪ.tuːd/

Servitude

Sklaverei
Meaning
the state of being a slave or completely subject to someone more powerful
Example
Many people fought to escape the servitude imposed by the colonial system.
Viele Menschen kämpften darum, der durch das koloniale System auferlegten Sklaverei zu entkommen.
C1 noun dɪˌzɝː.t̬ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

desertification

desertifikation
Meaning
The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.
Example
Deforestation accelerates desertification.
Abholzung beschleunigt die Desertifikation.
C1 noun /əˈkwɪtl/

acquittal

Freispruch
Meaning
a judgment that a person is not guilty of the crime with which they have been charged
Example
The acquittal of the accused shocked the public.
Die Freisprechung des Angeklagten schockierte die Öffentlichkeit.
C1 adjective + noun ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ ˈmɪʃən

pioneering mission

bahnbrechende Mission
Meaning
A groundbreaking or innovative undertaking that leads the way in a particular field.
Example
Artemis is a pioneering mission in space exploration.
Artemis ist eine bahnbrechende Mission in der Weltraumforschung.
C1 noun /liːs/

Lease

Mietvertrag; Leasingvertrag
Meaning
a contract by which one party conveys land, property, services, etc. to another for a specified time, usually in return for a periodic payment
Example
They signed a two-year lease for the apartment.
Sie unterschrieben einen Zwei-Jahres-Vertrag für die Wohnung.
C1 noun /ˌlɛ.seɪ ˈfɛər/

laissez-faire

Nicht-Eingriff-Politik
Meaning
An economic policy where government does not intervene in business affairs.
Example
Laissez-faire policies encourage private enterprise.
Laissez-faire-Politiken fördern private Unternehmen.
C1 noun /ˌdɪs.əˈreɪ/

disarray

Unordnung
Meaning
A state of disorganization or untidiness; confusion or disorder.
Example
His desk was in complete disarray.
Sein Schreibtisch war in völliger Unordnung.
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

blass
Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
Sein Gesicht wurde blass, als er die schreckliche Nachricht hörte.
C1 noun /traɪˈbjuːnəl/

tribunal

Gericht
Meaning
a court of justice or body established to settle disputes
Example
The case was heard in an international tribunal.
Der Fall wurde vor einem internationalen Gericht verhandelt.
C1 adjective /ˌiːvænˈdʒɛlɪkəl/

evangelical

evangelisch
Meaning
Relating to the Christian gospel, especially the teachings that emphasize personal faith and the authority of the Bible.
Example
She grew up in an evangelical church community.
Sie wuchs in einer evangelischen Kirchengemeinde auf.
C1 verb /ˈmæd.ən/

madden

wütend machen
Meaning
To make someone very angry or extremely annoyed.
Example
The constant noise maddened him.
Das ständige Geräusch machte ihn wütend.
C1 noun /ˈɑːrmfʊl/

armful

Armlast
Meaning
As much as can be carried in one or both arms.
Example
She carried an armful of books into the library.
Sie trug einen Armlast Bücher in die Bibliothek.
C1 noun /ˈfrek.əl/

Freckle

Sommersprosse
Meaning
a small brownish spot on the skin, often becoming more pronounced through exposure to the sun
Example
Her face was covered with cute freckles that appeared every summer.
Ihr Gesicht war bedeckt mit süßen Sommersprossen, die jedes Jahr im Sommer auftauchten.
C1 verb, noun /lɜːrtʃ/

lurch

schlingern, plötzliches, unkontrolliertes Bewegen
Meaning
to make an abrupt, unsteady, or uncontrolled movement; a sudden movement or stagger
Example
The bus lurched forward as the driver hit the brakes.
Der Bus schlingerte nach vorne, als der Fahrer die Bremsen betätigte.
C1 adjective ˌnɒnˈvɜːr.bəl

nonverbal

nonverbal
Meaning
Communication using body language, facial expressions, or gestures instead of words
Example
Nonverbal cues play a crucial role in effective communication.
Nonverbale Hinweise spielen eine entscheidende Rolle in der effektiven Kommunikation.
C1 adjective /ˌhaɪdroʊɪˈlɛktrɪk/

hydroelectric

Wasserkraft
Meaning
Relating to or denoting the generation of electricity using flowing water.
Example
The country invested heavily in hydroelectric power plants.
Das Land hat stark in Wasserkraftwerke investiert.
C1 verb /reɪz/

raze

abreißen
Meaning
To completely destroy or demolish something, especially a building.
Example
The old factory was razed to make way for new apartments.
Die alte Fabrik wurde abgerissen, um Platz für neue Wohnungen zu schaffen.
C1 adjective /prɪˈtɛnʃəs/

pretentious

pompös
Meaning
Attempting to impress by affecting greater importance, talent, culture, etc., than is actually possessed.
Example
The restaurant was stylish but far too pretentious for my taste.
Das Restaurant war stilvoll, aber viel zu pompös für meinen Geschmack.
C1 noun /ˈef.ɪ.dʒi/

Effigy

Effigie; Protestfigur
Meaning
a sculpture or model of a person, especially one made as a protest
Example
The protesters burned an effigy of the corrupt politician in the square.
Die Demonstranten verbrannten eine Effigie des korrupten Politikers auf dem Platz.
C1 noun /ˌdez.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/

Designation

Bezeichnung; Titel; Position; Status
Meaning
the action of choosing someone for a position; a name, title, or official status
Example
His designation as team leader came with additional responsibilities and authority.
Seine Bezeichnung als Teamleiter brachte zusätzliche Verantwortlichkeiten und Befugnisse mit sich.
C1 adjective /ˈkæni/

canny

klug
Meaning
Having good judgment, especially in business or practical matters; shrewd.
Example
She made a canny investment in real estate.
Sie tätigte eine kluge Investition in Immobilien.
C1 noun /ˈɒktəɡən/

octagon

Acht-Eck
Meaning
A polygon with eight sides and eight angles.
Example
The stop sign is shaped like an octagon.
Das Stoppschild hat die Form eines Achtecks.
C1 verb /ədˈmɪnɪstreɪt/

administrate

verwalten
Meaning
to manage or supervise the execution of duties, laws, or resources; to formally give or apply something such as a test or medicine
Example
The committee will administrate the new policy across all departments.
Der Ausschuss wird die neue Richtlinie in allen Abteilungen verwalten.
C1 verb, noun /miˈændər/

meander

wandern
Meaning
to wander aimlessly or follow a winding course
Example
We meandered through the old streets of the city.
Wir wanderten durch die alten Straßen der Stadt.
C1 noun /dʒɪst/

Gist

Kern
Meaning
the substance or essence of a speech or text; the main point
Example
I missed the beginning of the lecture, but I caught the gist of the professor's argument.
Ich habe den Anfang der Vorlesung verpasst, aber den Kern des Arguments des Professors verstanden.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɒm.ni.ə/

Insomnia

Insomnie
Meaning
habitual sleeplessness; inability to sleep; the condition of being unable to sleep
Example
Her chronic insomnia made it difficult for her to concentrate during work hours.
Ihre chronische Insomnie erschwerte es ihr, sich während der Arbeitszeit zu konzentrieren.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

uninhibited

ungehemmt
Meaning
Not restrained or restricted; free in behavior or expression.
Example
She gave an uninhibited laugh at the joke.
Sie lachte ungehemmt über den Witz.
C1 noun /ˈɪnlɛt/

inlet

Einlass
Meaning
A small arm of the sea, a lake, or a river; an opening or passage for entry.
Example
The boat entered a narrow inlet along the coast.
Das Boot fuhr in einen engen Einlass entlang der Küste.
C1 verb /sɪˈsiːd/

secede

abspalten
Meaning
To formally withdraw from a political or organizational union.
Example
Several states threatened to secede from the union.
Mehrere Staaten drohten, sich von der Union zu trennen.
C1 noun /ˈhɑː.stɪdʒ/

Hostage

Geisel
Meaning
a person seized or held as security for the fulfillment of a condition; captive
Example
The police negotiated carefully to secure the release of all hostages unharmed.
Die Polizei verhandelte sorgfältig, um die Freilassung aller Geiseln unversehrt zu sichern.
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

strafend
Meaning
Inflicting or intended as punishment.
Example
The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.
Das Unternehmen sah sich strafrechtlichen Maßnahmen ausgesetzt, weil es das Gesetz verletzt hatte.
C1 noun /ˈbɜːrθraɪt/

birthright

Geburtsrecht
Meaning
A privilege or possession that a person has from birth.
Example
Freedom is considered a birthright of every individual.
Freiheit wird als Geburtsrecht jedes Einzelnen angesehen.
C1 noun /ˈpen.əns/

Penance

Büße; Strafe für etwas Falsches tun
Meaning
punishment that you accept for doing something wrong; an act of showing that you are sorry for sin
Example
The monk performed penance for his past mistakes.
Der Mönch vollzog Buße für seine vergangenen Fehler.
C1 adjective /ˈwɪst.fəl/

Wistful

sehnsüchtig; nostalgisch
Meaning
having a feeling of longing or yearning; melancholy
Example
She gave a wistful smile when remembering her childhood days.
Sie gab ein sehnsüchtiges Lächeln, als sie sich an ihre Kindheitstage erinnerte.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈfɛnsɪv/

inoffensive

harmlos
Meaning
Not likely to offend or provoke; harmless.
Example
His inoffensive remarks kept the conversation friendly.
Seine harmlosen Bemerkungen hielten das Gespräch freundlich.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnˈpɑr.də.nə.bəl/

Unpardonable

unverzeihlich
Meaning
too bad to be forgiven; inexcusable
Example
His betrayal of trust was an unpardonable offense.
Sein Verrat war ein unvergibliches Vergehen.
C1 adjective /ˈtɪp.tɒp/

Tiptop

ausgezeichnet; von höchster Qualität
Meaning
of the highest quality; excellent; in perfect condition
Example
The car is in tiptop condition.
Das Auto ist in ausgezeichnetem Zustand.