volatile
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Englisch BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Spanisch FR Französisch DE Deutsch RU Russisch ZH Chinesisch JA Japanisch
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C1 adjective /ˈvɑːlətl/

volatile

flüchtig
Meaning
likely to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse
Example
The stock market is extremely volatile these days.
Der Aktienmarkt ist heutzutage äußerst flüchtig.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈmɪriəd/

myriad

unzählbar
Meaning
a countless or extremely great number
Example
There are myriad stars in the night sky.
Es gibt unzählbare Sterne am Nachthimmel.
C1 verb /əˈkrɛdɪt/

accredit

akkreditieren
Meaning
to officially recognize, authorize, or approve someone or something
Example
The university is accredited by the national education board.
Die Universität ist von der nationalen Bildungsbehörde akkreditiert.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfjuːz/

infuse

infundieren
Meaning
to fill or spread through something; to instill a quality, idea, or feeling
Example
The teacher tried to infuse her students with a love for reading.
Die Lehrerin versuchte, ihren Schülern eine Liebe zum Lesen zu infundieren.
C1 adjective /ˈmɑːr.dʒɪ.nəl/

Marginal

marginal; minimal; gering
Meaning
relating to or situated at the edge; minimal; slight
Example
The marginal improvement in sales was barely noticeable.
Die marginale Verbesserung der Verkaufszahlen war kaum spürbar.
C1 verb /taʊt/

tout

anpreisen
Meaning
to promote, praise, or advertise aggressively
Example
The company touted its new product as a game-changer.
Das Unternehmen hat sein neues Produkt als einen Game-Changer angepriesen.
C1 verb /ˌriːhəˈbɪlɪteɪt/

rehabilitate

rehabilitieren
Meaning
to restore someone to health, normal life, or a good condition after illness, injury, or imprisonment
Example
The clinic helps rehabilitate injured athletes.
Die Klinik hilft, verletzte Athleten zu rehabilitieren.
C1 noun ˌmɒd.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃənz

modifications

Modifikationen
Meaning
The action of making partial or minor changes to something.
Example
DNA modifications enable enhanced traits in crops.
DNA-Modifikationen ermöglichen verbesserte Merkmale in Nutzpflanzen.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈmænɪdʒəbəl/

Unmanageable

unüberschaubar; außer Kontrolle
Meaning
difficult or impossible to control or handle
Example
The large class became unmanageable without proper supervision.
Die große Klasse wurde ohne richtige Aufsicht unüberschaubar.
C1 adjective /ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd/

antiquated

veraltet
Meaning
Old-fashioned or outdated.
Example
The office still uses an antiquated filing system.
Das Büro verwendet immer noch ein veraltetes Ablagesystem.
C1 noun /ˌdɪstɪˈleɪʃən/

distillation

Destillation
Meaning
The process of purifying a liquid by heating and cooling; the extraction of the essential meaning.
Example
Distillation is commonly used to produce alcoholic beverages.
Destillation wird häufig zur Herstellung alkoholischer Getränke verwendet.
C1 adjective /ˈkɔː.stɪk/

caustic

ätzend, scharf
Meaning
able to burn or corrode by chemical action; severely sarcastic
Example
Her caustic remarks hurt his feelings.
Ihre ätzenden Bemerkungen verletzten seine Gefühle.
C1 adjective daɪˈvɜː.dʒənt

divergent

divergent
Meaning
Tending to be different or develop in different directions
Example
Divergent policies create challenges in collaboration.
Divergente Politiken schaffen Herausforderungen in der Zusammenarbeit.
C1 verb /ɪnˈterəˌɡeɪt/

interrogate

verhören
Meaning
to ask someone questions in a thorough and formal way; to question intensively
Example
The police interrogated the suspect for hours.
Die Polizei hat den Verdächtigen stundenlang verhört.
C1 noun /ˈbɪɡ.ət/

bigot

Fanatiker
Meaning
A person who is intolerant toward those holding different opinions or beliefs.
Example
He was called a bigot for refusing to listen to others' views.
Er wurde ein Fanatiker genannt, weil er sich weigerte, die Ansichten anderer zu hören.
C1 verb/noun /stuːp/

stoop

Glück
Meaning
To bend one's body forward and downward; also a small porch or staircase at the entrance of a house
Example
He had to stoop to pick up the coin.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 noun /bɪˈriːvmənt/

bereavement

Meaning
The state of having lost a loved one through death.
Example
She received many letters of sympathy during her time of bereavement.
C1 noun /ruːz/

Ruse

List; Trick
Meaning
an action intended to deceive someone; a trick or stratagem
Example
The thief used a clever ruse to distract the guard.
Der Dieb benutzte eine clevere List, um den Wächter abzulenken.
C1 adjective /ˈskræpi/

scrappy

kämpferisch / chaotisch
Meaning
Determined and willing to fight or argue; also messy or disorganized.
Example
Despite being small, he was a scrappy fighter.
Trotz seiner kleinen Größe war er ein kämpferischer Kämpfer.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəbl/

intelligible

verständlich
Meaning
Able to be understood; clear enough to be comprehended.
Example
Her speech was barely intelligible over the noise.
Durch den Lärm war ihre Rede kaum verständlich.
C1 noun /ˈfænsiər/

fancier

Züchter
Meaning
a person who has a special interest in a particular thing or activity, especially animals or hobbies
Example
He is a fancier of rare birds.
Er ist ein Züchter seltener Vögel.
C1 adjective /ˈskrɔːni/

scrawny

dürr
Meaning
very thin and bony, often looking unhealthy
Example
The scrawny boy could barely lift the heavy bag.
Der dürr Junge konnte die schwere Tasche kaum heben.
C1 adjective /ˈnæk.ərd/

Knackered

völlig erschöpft; müde
Meaning
extremely tired; exhausted
Example
I'm absolutely knackered after working all day.
Ich bin total erschöpft, nachdem ich den ganzen Tag gearbeitet habe.
C1 noun ˈkætəlɪst

catalyst

Katalysator
Meaning
A person or thing that precipitates an event or change.
Example
His speech acted as a catalyst for change in the community.
Seine Rede diente als Katalysator für Veränderungen in der Gemeinschaft.
C1 adjective /ˈrɪkɪti/

rickety

wackelig
Meaning
Poorly made and likely to collapse; shaky.
Example
They crossed a rickety wooden bridge over the river.
Sie überquerten eine wackelige Holzbrücke über den Fluss.
C1 adverb /ˈmɪdweɪ/

Midway

auf halbem Weg; in der Mitte
Meaning
halfway; at or to the middle point
Example
The project is midway through completion.
Das Projekt ist auf halbem Weg zur Fertigstellung.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒiːniəl/

congenial

sympathisch
Meaning
pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities
Example
They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk.
Sie fanden das Café ein sympathischer Ort, um sich zu treffen und zu reden.
C1 adjective /prɪˈzʌmp.tʃu.əs/

presumptuous

überheblich
Meaning
Overconfident, rude, or taking liberties without permission.
Example
It was presumptuous of him to make that decision without consulting others.
Es war überheblich von ihm, diese Entscheidung zu treffen, ohne die anderen zu konsultieren.
C1 noun ˈpɑː.sɪŋ

parsing

Satzstruktur Analyse
Meaning
The process of analyzing sentence structure to understand grammatical relationships.
Example
The AI model performs parsing to understand syntax.
Das KI-Modell führt das Parsen durch, um die Syntax zu verstehen.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪt/

intoxicate

Glück
Meaning
to make someone lose control of their faculties or behavior due to alcohol or drugs
Example
The strong drink quickly intoxicated him.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfleɪm/

inflame

entzünden
Meaning
to arouse strong feelings or provoke anger; to cause inflammation in the body
Example
The politician's remarks served to inflame public opinion.
Die Bemerkungen des Politikers haben dazu beigetragen, die öffentliche Meinung zu entflammen.
C1 noun /koʊˈɜː.ʃən/

coercion

Zwang
Meaning
The practice of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats.
Example
Cybercriminals use coercion to extract information.
Cyberkriminelle setzen Zwang ein, um Informationen zu extrahieren.
C1 noun /ˈdʒækˌfruːt/

Jackfruit

Jackfrucht
Meaning
a large tropical fruit with a spiky exterior and sweet flesh inside
Example
The jackfruit is the largest tree fruit in the world.
Die Jackfruit ist die größte Baumfrucht der Welt.
C1 verb /ɪkˈspend/

expend

ausgeben
Meaning
to use up or consume; to spend energy or resources
Example
He expended all his energy on the project.
Er hat all seine Energie für das Projekt aufgebraucht.
C1 noun /səˈvænə/

savanna

Savanne (mit verstreuten Bäumen)
Meaning
a grassy plain with scattered trees, typical of tropical and subtropical regions
Example
Giraffes browsed on acacia trees across the wide savanna.
Giraffen grasten an Akazienbäumen über die weite Savanne.
C1 adverb /ˌðeərəˈpɒn/

Thereupon

unmittelbar danach;
Meaning
immediately after that; following that event
Example
He finished his speech and thereupon left the stage.
Er beendete seine Rede und verließ unmittelbar danach die Bühne.
C1 noun ˌdjʊə.rəˈbɪl.ə.ti

durability

Haltbarkeit
Meaning
The ability to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing.
Example
The durability of materials affects performance.
Die Haltbarkeit von Materialien beeinflusst die Leistung.
C1 noun /ˈheɪvən/

haven

Zufluchtsort
Meaning
a safe place or shelter
Example
The library became a haven for students during exams.
Die Bibliothek wurde während der Prüfungen zu einem Zufluchtsort für die Studenten.
C1 verb /dʌb/

dub

synchronisieren
Meaning
to give a name or label to something; to add a soundtrack to a film or recording
Example
The movie was dubbed into several languages for international release.
Der Film wurde in mehrere Sprachen synchronisiert für die internationale Veröffentlichung.
C1 adjective ˌʌn.pəˈtɜːbd

unperturbed

nicht besorgt oder gestört durch etwas; ruhig und gefasst
Meaning
Not worried or disturbed by something; calm and composed.
Example
She remained unperturbed despite the challenges.
Sie blieb ruhig trotz der Herausforderungen.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛlvəti/

velvety

Glück
Meaning
having a smooth, soft texture like velvet
Example
She spoke in a low, velvety voice.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɛptɪv/

receptive

empfänglich
Meaning
Willing to listen to or accept new ideas, suggestions, or experiences.
Example
She was receptive to feedback from her colleagues.
Sie war empfänglich für Feedback von ihren Kollegen.
C1 verb /kəˈleɪt/

collate

zusammenstellen
Meaning
to collect, arrange, and combine in order
Example
The secretary collated the reports before the meeting.
Die Sekretärin ordnete die Berichte vor dem Meeting an.
C1 adjective /ˈmaɪndləs/

mindless

sinnlos
Meaning
without thought or intelligence; done without consideration
Example
He was bored by the mindless tasks at work.
Er war gelangweilt von den sinnlosen Aufgaben bei der Arbeit.
C1 noun /ˈtres.pæs.ər/

Trespasser

Eindringling
Meaning
a person who enters someone's property without permission
Example
The security guard caught the trespasser climbing over the fence.
Der Sicherheitswächter erwischte den Eindringling, der über den Zaun kletterte.
C1 noun /prəˈspɛktəs/

prospectus

prospekt
Meaning
a printed document that advertises or describes a school, business, or investment offering
Example
The university sent out a prospectus to attract new students.
Die Universität verschickte ein Prospekt, um neue Studenten zu gewinnen.
C1 adjective /ˈfaɪə.ri/

Fiery

feurig; leidenschaftlich; hitzköpfig
Meaning
burning; passionate; hot-tempered; showing strong emotion
Example
She has a fiery temper that flares up quickly.
Sie hat ein feuriges Temperament, das schnell aufflammt.
C1 noun /ˈvenɪsən/

Venison

Rehfleisch
Meaning
meat from a deer used as food
Example
The restaurant serves delicious venison steaks.
Das Restaurant serviert köstliche Rehsteaks.
C1 noun /ˈkɒz.moʊs/

Cosmos

kosmos blume
Meaning
a colorful annual flower with daisy-like blooms and feathery foliage
Example
The cosmos flowers swayed gently in the summer breeze across the meadow.
Die Cosmos-Blumen schwangen sanft im Sommerwind über die Wiese.
C1 noun dɪˌzɝː.t̬ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

desertification

desertifikation
Meaning
The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.
Example
Deforestation accelerates desertification.
Abholzung beschleunigt die Desertifikation.
C1 noun /ˈpoʊdiətrɪst/

podiatrist

Podologe
Meaning
a doctor specializing in foot care
Example
I have an appointment with the podiatrist for my ankle pain.
Ich habe einen Termin beim Podologen wegen meiner Knöchelverletzung.
C1 adjective /ˈwɪl.fəl/

Wilful

stur; absichtlich
Meaning
deliberately stubborn; done on purpose; intentional
Example
His wilful disobedience led to punishment.
Sein absichtlicher Ungehorsam führte zu einer Bestrafung.
C1 adjective /sɪmˈfɒnɪk/

symphonic

symphonisch
Meaning
relating to or having the character of a symphony or symphony orchestra
Example
The concert featured a symphonic masterpiece.
Das Konzert präsentierte ein symphonisches Meisterwerk.
C1 noun /ˈpɔːrsəlɪn/

porcelain

porzellan
Meaning
A white, hard ceramic material often used for dishes and ornaments.
Example
The museum displayed ancient porcelain vases from China.
Das Museum zeigte antike Porzellanvasen aus China.
C1 noun ˌɒk.sɪˈdeɪ.ʃən

oxidation

Oxidation
Meaning
A chemical reaction that involves the combination of a substance with oxygen, often causing deterioration.
Example
Oxidation causes metal surfaces to weaken.
Die Oxidation schwächt Metalloberflächen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈækjʊrəsi/

inaccuracy

Ungenauigkeit
Meaning
lack of accuracy or precision; an incorrect or wrong detail
Example
The report contained several factual inaccuracies.
Der Bericht enthielt mehrere Ungenauigkeiten.
C1 noun ˈprɛvələns

prevalence

prävalenz
Meaning
The fact or condition of being widespread; the extent to which something exists or occurs
Example
The prevalence of aging issues requires immediate attention.
Die Prävalenz von Altersproblemen erfordert sofortige Aufmerksamkeit.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪrjʊlənt/

virulent

äußerst schädlich
Meaning
Extremely severe or harmful in its effects.
Example
The virulent disease spread rapidly across the region.
Die virulente Krankheit verbreitete sich schnell in der Region.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtaɪərɪŋ/

retiring

schüchtern
Meaning
Shy and reserved; avoiding social contact.
Example
She is a quiet, retiring woman who avoids attention.
Sie ist eine ruhige, schüchterne Frau, die Aufmerksamkeit vermeidet.
C1 adjective /dɪˈreɪndʒd/

deranged

verrückt
Meaning
mentally disturbed or insane; behaving irrationally
Example
The deranged man shouted nonsense in the street.
Der verrückte Mann schrie Unsinn auf der Straße.
C1 noun /ˈɡæloʊz/

gallows

Galgen
Meaning
A structure used for hanging criminals who have been sentenced to death.
Example
The criminal was led to the gallows at dawn.
Der Verbrecher wurde bei Morgengrauen zum Galgen geführt.
C1 noun /ˈɪntərˌpleɪ/

interplay

Wechselwirkung
Meaning
The way in which two or more things have an effect on each other.
Example
The interplay between culture and technology shapes modern life.
Die Wechselwirkung zwischen Kultur und Technologie prägt das moderne Leben.
C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪm.ləs/

Shameless

schamlos
Meaning
having no shame; bold and rude; impudent
Example
The shameless politician refused to apologize for his mistakes.
Der schamlose Politiker weigerte sich, sich fur seine Fehler zu entschuldigen.
C1 adjective /ˈnɒm.ɪ.nəl/

Nominal

nominal; sehr klein
Meaning
very small in size or amount; existing in name only
Example
He paid only a nominal fee for the membership since he was a student.
Er zahlte nur eine nominale Gebühr für die Mitgliedschaft, weil er Student war.
C1 noun dɪˈfleɪʃən

deflation

Deflation
Meaning
Reduction of the general level of prices in an economy.
Example
Deflation often leads to decreased consumer spending.
Deflation führt oft zu sinkenden Konsumausgaben.
C1 noun /ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv ˈliː.də.ʃɪp/

proactive leadership

proaktive Führung
Meaning
Leadership that takes initiative and anticipates problems before they occur, rather than reacting to events.
Example
Proactive leadership ensures timely decisions.
Proaktive Führung sorgt für rechtzeitige Entscheidungen.
C1 noun /səˈlɪləkwi/

soliloquy

Soliloquium
Meaning
a speech in which a character talks to themselves, often used in drama to reveal inner thoughts
Example
Hamlet's soliloquy is one of the most famous passages in Shakespearean drama.
Hamlets Soliloquium ist eine der bekanntesten Passagen im Shakespeare-Drama.
C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

Chiffre
Meaning
A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.
Example
Military messages are protected using a cipher.
Militärnachrichten werden mit einem Cipher geschützt.
C1 verb /trəˈvɜːrs/

traverse

durchqueren
Meaning
To travel across or through something.
Example
They traversed the desert on camels.
Sie durchquerten die Wüste auf Kamelen.
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈrʌn/

overrun

überwuchern
Meaning
to spread over or occupy completely; to exceed a limit or time
Example
The garden was overrun with weeds.
Der Garten war von Unkraut überwuchert.
C1 noun স্ক্রোলিং অ্যাডিকশন

scrolling addiction

Scroll-Sucht
Meaning
A compulsive need to continuously scroll through content on digital devices, particularly smartphones and social media platforms.
Example
Scrolling addiction is a growing concern among smartphone users.
Scroll-Sucht ist eine wachsende Besorgnis unter Smartphone-Nutzern.
C1 adjective /ˌæn.ɪkˈdoʊ.t̬əl/

anecdotal

auf persönlichen Erzählungen basierend, mehr als auf Fakten oder Forschung, gekennzeichnet durch Anekdoten
Meaning
Based on personal accounts rather than facts or research; characterized by anecdotes.
Example
The book was filled with anecdotal evidence rather than data.
Das Buch war voller anekdotischer Beweise anstatt Daten.
C1 adjective /ˈkræfti/

crafty

gerissen, raffiniert, betrügerisch
Meaning
skilled at achieving goals through cunning or deceit; sly
Example
The crafty fox evaded the hunters again.
Der gerissene Fuchs entkam erneut den Jägern.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒnvɛks/

convex

konvex, nach außen gewölbt
Meaning
curved or rounded outward
Example
The lens has a convex shape to focus light.
Die Linse hat eine konvexe Form, um Licht zu fokussieren.
C1 adjective /ˌmed.iˈiː.vəl/

Mediaeval

mittelalterlich
Meaning
relating to the Middle Ages; medieval
Example
The castle displayed mediaeval architecture and design.
Das Schloss zeigte mittelalterliche Architektur und Design.
C1 verb /nɪp/

nip

kneifen
Meaning
to pinch or bite lightly; to move quickly
Example
The cold wind nipped at my face.
Der kalte Wind kniff mir ins Gesicht.
C1 noun /bɜːrθ/

Berth

Bett; ein Schlafplatz auf einem Schiff, Zug oder anderen Fahrzeug
Meaning
a sleeping place in a ship, train, or other vehicle; a place where a ship can dock
Example
I booked an upper berth on the overnight train.
Ich habe ein oberes Bett im Nachtzug gebucht.
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

strafend
Meaning
Inflicting or intended as punishment.
Example
The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.
Das Unternehmen sah sich strafrechtlichen Maßnahmen ausgesetzt, weil es das Gesetz verletzt hatte.
C1 adjective ˈklaɪ.mət rɪˈzɪl.i.ənt

climate-resilient

klimafest
Meaning
Able to cope with the adverse effects of climate change; sustainable and adaptable.
Example
Climate-resilient crops can survive extreme weather conditions.
Klimafeste Pflanzen können extreme Wetterbedingungen überleben.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrdəməm/

Cardamom

Kardamom
Meaning
aromatic seeds from a plant in the ginger family, used as a spice
Example
The recipe calls for a pinch of ground cardamom.
Das Rezept erfordert eine Prise gemahlenen Kardamoms.
C1 verb, noun /læɡ/

lag

verlangsamen oder zurückbleiben
Meaning
To fall behind in movement, progress, or development; a delay or period of falling behind.
Example
The old computer tends to lag when running new software.
Der alte Computer tendiert dazu, zu verlangsamen, wenn er neue Software ausführt.
C1 noun, adjective /ˌnɒn ˈrɛzɪdənt/

non-resident

Nicht-Resident
Meaning
a person who does not live in a particular country or place permanently
Example
Non-resident students often pay higher tuition fees.
Nicht-Residenten Studenten zahlen oft höhere Studiengebühren.
C1 noun /tiː ˈstreɪnər/

Tea-strainer

Teesieb
Meaning
a small perforated device used to strain tea leaves from brewed tea
Example
I always use a tea-strainer when pouring tea into cups.
Ich benutze immer ein Teesieb, wenn ich Tee in Tassen gieße.
C1 noun /səˈlaɪ.və/

Saliva

Speichel
Meaning
the watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
Example
The dentist asked her to rinse the saliva from her mouth.
Der Zahnarzt bat sie, den Speichel aus ihrem Mund zu spuelen.
C1 noun /diːˈkrɪp.ʃən/

decryption

Dekodierung
Meaning
The process of converting encrypted data back into its original form so it can be understood.
Example
Hackers attempted decryption of classified data.
Hacker versuchten, die Dekodierung von klassifizierten Daten durchzuführen.
C1 noun /ˈʃær.ən fruːt/

Sharon fruit

Sharon Frucht
Meaning
a sweet orange persimmon fruit that can be eaten when firm
Example
The Sharon fruit is sweet and can be eaten like an apple.
Die Sharon-Frucht ist süß und kann wie ein Apfel gegessen werden.
C1 noun/verb /fliːs/

fleece

Schafwolle
Meaning
The woolly covering of a sheep; as a verb, to swindle or cheat someone.
Example
The farmer sheared the sheep’s fleece carefully.
Der Bauer schor das Schaf vorsichtig.
C1 adjective ˌhaɪ.pəˈθet.ɪ.kəl

hypothetical

hypothetisch, angenommen, theoretisch
Meaning
Based on or serving as a hypothesis; supposed but not necessarily real or true.
Example
The discussion was based on hypothetical scenarios.
Die Diskussion basierte auf hypothetischen Szenarien.
C1 noun ɪˌræd.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

eradication

Beseitigung
Meaning
The complete destruction or elimination of something unwanted.
Example
Carbon eradication is a key goal of the project.
Die Beseitigung von Kohlenstoff ist ein wichtiges Ziel des Projekts.
C1 noun /mælˈpræktɪs/

Malpractice

Fehlverhalten
Meaning
Improper, illegal, or negligent professional behavior
Example
The surgeon was sued for malpractice after the failed operation.
Der Chirurg wurde nach der gescheiterten Operation wegen Malpraxis verklagt.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌltri/

sultry

heiß und feucht, anziehend
Meaning
Uncomfortably hot and humid; also describes someone attractive in a passionate or sensual way.
Example
The sultry weather made it hard to focus on work.
Das heiße und feuchte Wetter erschwerte es, sich auf die Arbeit zu konzentrieren.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ/

exhilarating

aufregend
Meaning
Making someone feel very excited, happy, or thrilled.
Example
Skydiving was the most exhilarating experience of his life.
Fallschirmspringen war die aufregendste Erfahrung seines Lebens.
C1 verb /əˈdʒɔɪn/

adjoin

angrenzen
Meaning
To be next to and joined with something.
Example
Their house adjoins the park.
Ihr Haus grenzt an den Park.
C1 adjective /raɪ/

wry

verzerrt, sarkastisch
Meaning
twisted or distorted in expression; showing dry, mocking humor
Example
He gave a wry smile after hearing the sarcastic remark.
Er gab ein verzerrtes Lächeln, nachdem er den sarkastischen Kommentar gehört hatte.
C1 noun /deɪˈbɑː.kəl/

debacle

Debakel
Meaning
A sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
Example
The company's poor management led to a financial debacle.
Das schlechte Management des Unternehmens führte zu einem finanziellen Debakel.
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrtʃmənt/

parchment

Pergament
Meaning
a thin material made from animal skin, used in the past for writing
Example
The ancient manuscript was written on parchment.
Das alte Manuskript wurde auf Pergament geschrieben.
C1 verb /skɔːrtʃ/

scorch

verbrannt
Meaning
to burn the surface of something slightly
Example
The fire scorched the walls of the building.
Das Feuer verbrannte die Wände des Gebäudes.
C1 noun /ˈprɑːtɪstənt/

protestant

Protestant
Meaning
a member of the Christian church that separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation
Example
Martin Luther was a key figure in the Protestant Reformation.
Martin Luther war eine Schlüsselfigur in der protestantischen Reformation.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈpæstərəl/

pastoral

ländlich, mit Hirten verbunden
Meaning
relating to the countryside, shepherds, or rural life; also relating to spiritual guidance by a pastor
Example
The painting had a calm pastoral scene with sheep grazing.
Das Gemälde zeigte eine ruhige ländliche Szene mit grunzenden Schafen.
C1 verb /ˈstrætɪfaɪ/

stratify

stratifizieren
Meaning
to arrange or divide into layers, classes, or categories
Example
The researchers plan to stratify the data based on age groups.
Die Forscher planen, die Daten nach Altersgruppen zu stratifizieren.
C1 noun /ˈhɛzɪtənsi/

hesitancy

Zögern
Meaning
The tendency to pause or delay due to uncertainty or fear.
Example
His hesitancy in answering made everyone doubt his confidence.
Seine Zögerlichkeit bei der Antwort ließ alle an seinem Selbstvertrauen zweifeln.
C1 verb /ˈfʌmbəl/

fumble

verpatzen
Meaning
to handle something clumsily or to make mistakes while doing something
Example
He fumbled with the keys and dropped them on the floor.
Er fummelte mit den Schlüsseln und ließ sie auf den Boden fallen.
C1 noun /tækt/

tact

Takt
Meaning
Adroitness and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues.
Example
He handled the situation with tact and professionalism.
Er hat die Situation mit Takt und Professionalität gemeistert.
C1 noun /ˈpæstər/

pastor

Pastor
Meaning
a minister in charge of a Christian church or congregation
Example
The pastor delivered a heartfelt sermon on compassion.
Der Pastor hielt eine herzliche Predigt über Mitgefühl.
C1 noun /ˈɡɑːr.lənd/

Garland

Kranz; Blumenkranz;
Meaning
a wreath of flowers and leaves, worn on the head or hung as decoration
Example
The bride wore a beautiful floral garland during the traditional ceremony.
Die Braut trug einen schönen Blumenkranz während der traditionellen Zeremonie.
C1 noun /moʊld/

Mould

Gussform / Schimmel
Meaning
a hollow container used to give shape to molten material; fungus
Example
She poured chocolate into the mould to make candies.
Sie goss Schokolade in die Form, um Bonbons herzustellen.
C1 noun ˌoʊ.vɚˈɡreɪ.zɪŋ

overgrazing

Überweidung
Meaning
The practice of allowing livestock to graze to the point of damaging vegetation.
Example
Overgrazing leads to soil erosion and loss of biodiversity.
Überweidung führt zu Bodenerosion und Verlust der Biodiversität.
C1 noun /ˈhæŋ.ər/

Hanger

Kleiderbügel
Meaning
a shaped piece of wood, plastic, or metal with a hook at the top, used to hang up clothes
Example
She hung her dress on a wooden hanger to prevent it from getting wrinkled.
Sie hängte ihr Kleid auf einen Holzkleiderbügel, um es vor dem Zerknittern zu bewahren.
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

Identitätsdiebstahl
Meaning
The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.
Example
Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.
Online-Identitätsdiebstahl ist ein ernstes Cyberverbrechen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/

Indecisive

unentschlossen
Meaning
unable to make decisions quickly; hesitant; wavering
Example
She was indecisive about which university to attend.
Sie war unentschlossen, welche Universität sie besuchen sollte.
C1 noun /ˌɔːkʃəˈnɪər/

auctioneer

Auktionator
Meaning
a person who conducts auctions by calling out bids and selling items to the highest bidder
Example
The auctioneer quickly raised the price as bidders competed for the painting.
Der Auktionator erhöhte schnell den Preis während der Gebote.
C1 noun /ˈpæl.ə.tə.bəl miːt/

Palatable meat

schmackhaftes Fleisch
Meaning
Meat that is pleasant to taste; appetizing meat dish
Example
The chef prepared palatable meat dishes for the dinner party.
Der Koch hat schmackhafte Fleischgerichte für die Dinnerparty zubereitet.
C1 adverb /əˈraɪ/

awry

schief
Meaning
away from the expected or proper direction; wrong or amiss
Example
The plan went awry when the weather suddenly changed.
Der Plan ging schief, als das Wetter plötzlich änderte.
C1 noun /ˈlɛk.sɪ.kɒn/

lexicon

Lexikon
Meaning
The vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge; a collection of words and terms.
Example
A translator must have a vast lexicon of both languages.
Ein Übersetzer muss über einen großen Wortschatz beider Sprachen verfügen.
C1 verb /strʌt/

strut

stolz gehen
Meaning
to walk with a stiff, proud, and confident gait, often to show off
Example
He strutted across the stage after winning the award.
Er lief stolz über die Bühne, nachdem er den Preis gewonnen hatte.
C1 noun /kənˈvʌl.ʃən/

convulsion

Krampf
Meaning
a sudden, violent, involuntary contraction of muscles; a seizure
Example
The medicine helped prevent convulsions in children.
Das Medikament half, Krämpfe bei Kindern zu verhindern.
C1 noun/verb /kroʊˈʃeɪ/

crochet

Häkeln
Meaning
Needlework made by interlocking loops of thread with a hooked needle; the act of making such items.
Example
She learned how to crochet a scarf for winter.
Sie hat gelernt, einen Wollschal für den Winter zu häkeln.
C1 verb /per/

pare

schälen
Meaning
to cut away the outer covering or reduce something gradually
Example
She pared the apple before eating it.
Sie schälte den Apfel, bevor sie ihn aß.
C1 noun /ˈlɔː.ləs.nəs/

Lawlessness

Gesetzlosigkeit
Meaning
absence of law and order; a state where laws do not exist or are not enforced
Example
The city descended into lawlessness after the government collapsed.
Die Stadt versank in Gesetzlosigkeit, nachdem die Regierung zusammengebrochen war.
C1 noun /juːˈtoʊpiə/

utopia

Utopie
Meaning
An imagined perfect society or place where everything is ideal.
Example
Many philosophers dreamed of creating a utopia for humanity.
Viele Philosophen träumten davon, eine Utopie für die Menschheit zu schaffen.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpruːv/

disprove

widerlegen
Meaning
to show that something is false or wrong
Example
The scientist worked hard to disprove the old theory.
Der Wissenschaftler arbeitete hart daran, die alte Theorie zu widerlegen.