vertigo
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C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɪˌɡoʊ/

vertigo

Glück
Meaning
A sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain.
Example
She felt a sudden vertigo when she looked down from the tall building.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C1 noun ˌpraɪ.vɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

privatization

Privatisierung
Meaning
The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.
Example
The privatization of state-owned companies increased efficiency.
Die Privatisierung staatlicher Unternehmen erhöhte die Effizienz.
C1 noun kənˈɡlɒm.ər.ət

conglomerate

Konglomerat
Meaning
A large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse firms.
Example
The company grew into a multinational conglomerate.
Das Unternehmen wurde zu einem multinationalen Konglomerat.
C1 verb /ˈkaʊər/

cower

aus Angst kauern
Meaning
to crouch down in fear
Example
The child cowered behind the sofa during the thunderstorm.
Das Kind kauerte sich während des Gewitters hinter dem Sofa.
C1 noun /ˌdɪs.kʌl.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

discoloration

Verfärbung
Meaning
The process of changing or losing color; fading.
Example
Sun exposure causes discoloration of fabrics.
Sonnenexposition verursacht eine Verfärbung des Stoffs.
C1 noun/verb /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

varnish

Lack
Meaning
A liquid that is applied to wood or other materials to form a hard, shiny surface; also to apply such a liquid.
Example
The carpenter varnished the table to give it a glossy finish.
Der Tischler lackierte den Tisch, um ihm eine glänzende Oberfläche zu geben.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.kɪʃ/

Rakish

frech
Meaning
having a dashing, jaunty, or slightly disreputable quality or appearance
Example
He wore his hat at a rakish angle that gave him a charming appearance.
Er trug seinen Hut in einem frechen Winkel, was ihm ein charmantes Aussehen verlieh.
C1 adjective /ˈnæk.ərd/

Knackered

völlig erschöpft; müde
Meaning
extremely tired; exhausted
Example
I'm absolutely knackered after working all day.
Ich bin total erschöpft, nachdem ich den ganzen Tag gearbeitet habe.
C1 noun /ˈɪŋklɪŋ/

inkling

Ahnung
Meaning
A slight idea, hint, or suspicion about something.
Example
She had an inkling that he was planning a surprise.
Sie hatte einen leichten Verdacht, dass er eine Überraschung plante.
C1 noun /brɛdθ/

breadth

Breite
Meaning
The distance or measurement from side to side; width; a wide range.
Example
The breadth of his knowledge impressed everyone.
Die Breite seines Wissens beeindruckte alle.
C1 noun /ˈloʊ.fər/

Loafer

Faulenzer, der Arbeit oder Anstrengung vermeidet
Meaning
a person who avoids work or effort; an idler
Example
Don't be a loafer, help us with the work.
Sei kein Löfer, hilf uns bei der Arbeit.
C1 noun /ˈvenɪsən/

Venison

Rehfleisch
Meaning
meat from a deer used as food
Example
The restaurant serves delicious venison steaks.
Das Restaurant serviert köstliche Rehsteaks.
C1 adjective /ˈblaɪtɪd/

blighted

verfallen
Meaning
Spoiled, damaged, or destroyed.
Example
The blighted neighborhood was abandoned by most residents.
Das verfallene Viertel wurde von den meisten Anwohnern verlassen.
C1 adjective /æbˈdɑː.mə.nəl/

abdominal

abdominal
Meaning
relating to the abdomen (the part of the body between the chest and pelvis)
Example
He complained of severe abdominal pain.
Er klagte über starke Bauchschmerzen.
C1 verb /rɪˈkuːpəreɪt/

recuperate

sich erholen
Meaning
to recover from illness or regain strength
Example
She went to the countryside to recuperate after surgery.
Sie ging aufs Land, um sich nach der Operation zu erholen.
C1 noun /ˈmɪd.waɪf/

midwife

Hebamme
Meaning
A person, typically a woman, trained to assist women during childbirth.
Example
The midwife stayed with the mother throughout her labor.
Die Hebamme blieb während der gesamten Geburt bei der Mutter.
C1 noun /əbˈstrʌkʃən/

obstruction

hindernis
Meaning
Something that blocks or gets in the way; the action of obstructing.
Example
There was an obstruction on the railway track.
Es gab ein Hindernis auf den Gleisen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈtaɪtəlmənt/

entitlement

Anspruch
Meaning
the belief that one is inherently deserving of privileges or special treatment; a right to benefits
Example
The program provides entitlement to health care.
Das Programm gewährt Anspruch auf Gesundheitsversorgung.
C1 adjective /kəˈrəʊsɪv/

corrosive

korrosiv, schädlich
Meaning
tending to cause corrosion; harmful or destructive to materials or people
Example
The chemical is highly corrosive and should be handled with care.
Die Chemikalie ist hochkorrosiv und sollte mit Vorsicht gehandhabt werden.
C1 verb /rɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/

repudiate

verwerfen
Meaning
to refuse to accept, recognize, or support something
Example
He repudiated the claim that he was involved in the scandal.
Er lehnte die Behauptung ab, dass er in den Skandal verwickelt war.
C1 noun /ɪɡˌzɪl.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

exhilaration

Hochstimmung oder Freude
Meaning
A feeling of excitement, happiness, or elation.
Example
The feeling of exhilaration after a roller-coaster ride is amazing.
Das Gefühl der Exhilaration nach einer Achterbahnfahrt ist erstaunlich.
C1 noun ˈdʒɛnɪsɪs

genesis

Ursprung, Entstehung
Meaning
The origin or mode of formation of something.
Example
The genesis of the internet changed the world forever.
Die Genesis des Internets veränderte die Welt für immer.
C1 verb /ˈfɜːrmɛnt/

ferment

einen chemischen Prozess durchlaufen, bei dem Zucker in Alkohol oder Säure umgewandelt wird; Veränderungen anregen oder hervorrufen
Meaning
to undergo a chemical process where sugars are converted to alcohol or acid; to incite or stir up change
Example
The grapes are left to ferment for several weeks.
Die Trauben werden für mehrere Wochen fermentiert.
C1 adjective /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

ideological

ideologisch
Meaning
Relating to or based on a system of ideas or beliefs.
Example
The two parties are divided by deep ideological differences.
Die beiden Parteien sind durch tiefgehende ideologische Unterschiede geteilt.
C1 verb /ɪˈnʌnsieɪt/

enunciate

deutlich aussprechen
Meaning
to pronounce words clearly; to express an idea clearly
Example
The teacher asked him to enunciate each word.
Der Lehrer bat ihn, jedes Wort deutlich zu enunzieren.
C1 adjective /əˈɡæst/

aghast

erschrocken
Meaning
filled with shock or horror
Example
The audience was aghast at the tragic scene.
Das Publikum war erschrocken von der tragischen Szene.
C1 noun /ˈlɔːriət/

laureate

Preisträger
Meaning
A person honored with an award for outstanding achievement in a field, especially the arts or sciences.
Example
The Nobel laureate gave an inspiring lecture on peace.
Der Nobelpreisträger hielt einen inspirierenden Vortrag über den Frieden.
C1 adjective /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnʃəl/

preferential

bevorzugt
Meaning
showing or giving advantage to one over others
Example
Members receive preferential treatment at the club.
Mitglieder erhalten im Club bevorzugte Behandlung.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈkwaɪətɪŋ/

disquieting

besorgniserregend
Meaning
Causing worry, unease, or anxiety.
Example
The news report was deeply disquieting to the public.
Der Nachrichtenbericht war für die Öffentlichkeit zutiefst besorgniserregend.
C1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈbɛrɪŋ/

overbearing

überheblich
Meaning
unpleasantly or arrogantly domineering
Example
His overbearing attitude made everyone uncomfortable.
Seine überhebliche Haltung hat alle unwohl gemacht.
C1 noun ˈrəʊvə

rover

Rover
Meaning
A vehicle for driving over rough terrain, especially one driven by remote control over extraterrestrial terrain.
Example
The rover landed on Mars to begin its exploration.
Der Rover landete auf dem Mars, um mit seiner Erkundung zu beginnen.
C1 noun /mɪsˈɡɪv.ɪŋ/

Misgiving

Zweifel; Besorgnis; Unsicherheit
Meaning
A feeling of doubt or apprehension about the outcome or consequences of something
Example
She had serious misgivings about accepting the job offer.
Sie hatte ernsthafte Bedenken, das Jobangebot anzunehmen.
C1 noun /ˈpɔɪ.nən.si/

poignancy

Traurigkeit, Schmerzlichkeit
Meaning
the quality of evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret; emotionally touching
Example
The poignancy of the farewell brought tears to everyone's eyes.
Die Traurigkeit des Abschieds brachte Tränen in die Augen aller.
C1 noun /ˌænɛkˈseɪʃən/

annexation

Annexion
Meaning
the act of adding or taking control of territory or property, especially by a state
Example
The annexation of the region led to international condemnation.
Die Annexion der Region führte zu internationaler Verurteilung.
C1 noun /ˈtjuːmʌlt/

tumult

Tumult
Meaning
A loud, confused noise, especially caused by a crowd; commotion or disorder.
Example
The protest created a tumult in the city square.
Die Proteste verursachten einen Tumult auf dem Stadtplatz.
C1 noun /ˈpraɪ.meɪt/

primate

Primat, Affenartige Tiere
Meaning
A member of the group of animals including humans, apes, and monkeys.
Example
Humans are classified as primates.
Menschen werden als Primaten klassifiziert.
C1 verb /rɪˈdʒuː.vɪ.neɪt/

rejuvenate

verjüngen
Meaning
To make or feel young, healthy, or energetic again.
Example
A vacation can rejuvenate the mind and body.
ein urlaub kann den geist und den körper verjüngen.
C1 noun /ˈkroʊ.bɑːr/

Crowbar

Brechstange
Meaning
a heavy iron bar with a curved end used as a lever for prying things apart
Example
He used a crowbar to remove the old nails.
Er benutzte einen Kuhfuß, um die alten Nägel zu entfernen.
C1 adjective /ˈplæsɪd/

placid

ruhig, friedlich
Meaning
calm and peaceful, not easily disturbed
Example
She had a placid expression despite the chaos around her.
Sie hatte einen friedlichen Ausdruck trotz des Chaos um sie herum.
C1 noun /ˈpɛdlər/

peddler

Straßenhändler
Meaning
a person who sells goods, often traveling from place to place
Example
The peddler walked through the village selling fresh fruits.
Der Straßenhändler ging durch das Dorf und verkaufte frische Früchte.
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈmer.ɪ.kən/

Pan-American

Pan-Amerikanisch
Meaning
relating to all the countries of North, Central, and South America
Example
The Pan-American Games bring together athletes from across the continent.
Die Pan-Amerikanischen Spiele bringen Athleten aus dem gesamten Kontinent zusammen.
C1 adjective /ˈʃɑːdi/

shoddy

schlecht gemacht
Meaning
badly made or done; of poor quality
Example
The contractor did a shoddy job on the repairs.
Der Auftragnehmer hat bei den Reparaturen einen schlechten Job gemacht.
C1 noun /rɑk sɔlt/

Rock Salt

Steinsalz
Meaning
natural salt crystals formed from evaporated ancient seas; unrefined salt
Example
Rock salt is considered healthier than table salt.
Steinsalz wird als gesünder angesehen als Tafelsalz.
C1 noun ˌdʒɛriˈætrɪk səˈsaɪəti

geriatric society

geriatrische Gesellschaft
Meaning
A society or community where elderly people make up a large proportion of the population
Example
A geriatric society demands specialized healthcare systems.
Eine geriatrische Gesellschaft erfordert spezialisierte Gesundheitssysteme.
C1 noun /ˈfjuː.tʃə.rɪst/

futurist

Futurist
Meaning
A person who studies or predicts the future, especially trends in science, technology, or society.
Example
The futurist predicted major changes in transportation within the next decade.
Der Futurist sagte große Veränderungen im Verkehr im nächsten Jahrzehnt voraus.
C1 verb /ˈseɪ.vər/

savor

genießen
Meaning
To enjoy something completely, especially by dwelling on it.
Example
He savored every bite of the delicious cake.
Er savorte jeden Bissen des köstlichen Kuchens.
C1 noun /ˈbʌrə, ˈbʊrə/

borough

Bezirk
Meaning
A town, district, or administrative division, especially one with its own local government.
Example
Brooklyn is a borough of New York City.
Brooklyn ist ein Bezirk von New York City.
C1 verb /ɪkˈspend/

expend

ausgeben
Meaning
to use up or consume; to spend energy or resources
Example
He expended all his energy on the project.
Er hat all seine Energie für das Projekt aufgebraucht.
C1 noun /ˈɪmɪnəns/

imminence

Imminenz, Zustand der Nähe
Meaning
the state of being about to happen
Example
The imminence of the storm forced people to take shelter.
Die Imminenz des Sturms zwang die Menschen, Zuflucht zu suchen.
C1 noun /ˈtraɪæd/

triad

Triade
Meaning
a group of three closely related people or things
Example
The project was managed by a triad of experts.
Das Projekt wurde von einer Triade von Experten geleitet.
C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.dʒən.si/

contingency

Notfallplan
Meaning
A provision for an unforeseen event or circumstance, especially in financial planning.
Example
The company has a contingency plan for economic downturns.
Das Unternehmen hat einen Notfallplan für wirtschaftliche Abschwünge.
C1 noun /ˈmænɪkɪn/

mannequin

Mannequin
Meaning
a life-sized model of a human figure used by shops to display clothes
Example
The mannequin in the shop window was dressed in a red gown.
Das Mannequin im Schaufenster war in einem roten Kleid gekleidet.
C1 adjective /ˈnɪp.i/

Nippy

kalt; frisch; schnell und agil in Bewegung
Meaning
cold; chilly; quick and agile in movement
Example
It's quite nippy outside today, you should wear a jacket.
Es ist heute ziemlich kalt draußen, du solltest eine Jacke tragen.
C1 adjective ɪˈroʊ.ni.əs

erroneous

fehlerhaft, inkorrekt
Meaning
Wrong; incorrect.
Example
His assumptions were completely erroneous.
Seine Annahmen waren völlig fehlerhaft.
C1 noun məˈnjʊər

manure

Mist, organischer Dünger
Meaning
Animal dung used for fertilizing land; organic matter used as fertilizer.
Example
Organic manure enhances soil fertility.
Organischer Mist verbessert die Fruchtbarkeit des Bodens.
C1 noun ˈnuːkliəs

nucleus

Kern
Meaning
The central core of an atom containing protons and neutrons.
Example
The nucleus consists of protons.
Der Kern besteht aus Protonen.
C1 noun /ˈtrɪb.jə.ter.i/

Tributary

Zufluss
Meaning
a river or stream flowing into a larger river or lake
Example
The tributary joins the main river near the city.
Der Zufluss mündet in den Hauptfluss nahe der Stadt.
C1 noun /ˈbaɪoʊˌsfɪr/

Biosphere

Biosphäre
Meaning
the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms
Example
Climate change is affecting the entire biosphere.
Der Klimawandel beeinflusst die gesamte Biosphäre.
C1 adjective /ˈfrɪdʒɪd/

Frigid

eiskalt; frostig
Meaning
extremely cold; freezing; icy
Example
The frigid weather made it difficult to go outside.
Das eiskalte Wetter erschwerte es, nach draußen zu gehen.
C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌwɜːrld/

underworld

Unterwelt
Meaning
The criminal world of organized crime or the mythical world of the dead.
Example
The detective spent years studying the secrets of the underworld.
Der Detektiv verbrachte Jahre damit, die Geheimnisse der Unterwelt zu studieren.
C1 noun /prəˈvaɪzoʊ/

proviso

Bedingung
Meaning
a condition or stipulation attached to an agreement
Example
He accepted the job offer with the proviso that he could work remotely twice a week.
Er nahm das Jobangebot unter der Bedingung an, dass er zweimal pro Woche remote arbeiten kann.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊn.tə.nəns/

countenance

Gesicht, Ausdruck; Unterstützung
Meaning
a person's face or expression; support or approval
Example
Her cheerful countenance brightened the room.
Ihr fröhliches Gesicht erhellte den Raum.
C1 noun /ˈsɪndɪkət/

syndicate

Syndikat
Meaning
A group of individuals or organizations combined to promote a common interest or carry out a business venture.
Example
A syndicate of investors bought the struggling company.
Ein Syndikat von Investoren kaufte das strauchelnde Unternehmen.
C1 adjective kəʊˈhiː.sɪv

cohesive

kohäsiv
Meaning
Characterized by or causing cohesion; forming a united whole.
Example
The team displayed a cohesive strategy.
Das Team zeigte eine kohäsive Strategie.
C1 verb /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/

illuminate

beleuchten
Meaning
To light up or make something clearer.
Example
Streetlights illuminate the road at night.
Straßenlaternen beleuchten die Straße in der Nacht.
C1 adjective /ˌzɛnəˈfoʊbɪk/

xenophobic

xenophob
Meaning
having or showing a dislike or fear of people from other countries
Example
The leader’s xenophobic comments sparked outrage across the country.
Die xenophoben Kommentare des Führers lösten landesweite Empörung aus.
C1 adjective liːst prɪˈpeərd

least prepared

am wenigsten vorbereitet
Meaning
Having the minimum level of readiness or equipment to handle a situation.
Example
Bangladesh is among the least prepared for climate adaptation.
Bangladesch gehört zu den am wenigsten vorbereiteten Ländern für die Anpassung an den Klimawandel.
C1 verb /aɪˈdiː.ə.laɪz/

idealize

idealisisieren
Meaning
To regard or represent something as perfect or better than it really is.
Example
Children often idealize their parents.
Kinder idealisieren oft ihre Eltern.
C1 adjective /ˈfɔːrθˌraɪt/

forthright

direkt
Meaning
Direct and honest in speech or behavior; straightforward.
Example
She was forthright in her criticism of the policy.
Sie war direkt in ihrer Kritik an der Politik.
C1 noun /ˌmɛrɪˈtɒkrəsi/

meritocracy

Meritokratie
Meaning
A system in which advancement is based on individual ability or achievement.
Example
In a true meritocracy, the most capable people rise to leadership positions.
In einer echten Meritokratie steigen die fähigsten Menschen in Führungspositionen auf.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈmaɪndfəl/

Unmindful

achtsam; nachlässig;
Meaning
not paying attention; careless; heedless
Example
She was unmindful of the danger around her.
Sie achtete nicht auf die Gefahr um sie herum.
C1 verb /ɡloʊt/

gloat

sich freuen
Meaning
To take pleasure in someone else's misfortune or to show smug satisfaction.
Example
He couldn't help but gloat over his rival's failure.
Er konnte nicht anders, als sich über das Scheitern seines Rivalen zu freuen.
C1 verb /əˈpɛnd/

append

hinzufügen
Meaning
to add something as an attachment or supplement, usually at the end of a document or list
Example
She decided to append a note to the end of the report.
Sie entschied sich, eine Notiz am Ende des Berichts hinzuzufügen.
C1 noun /ˈprɒksi/

proxy

Stellvertreter
Meaning
A person authorized to act on behalf of another; a substitute.
Example
She voted by proxy at the meeting.
Sie stimmte per Proxy bei der Sitzung ab.
C1 adjective /ˈdesələt/

Desolate

verlassen; einsam; öde
Meaning
deserted; lonely; barren
Example
The abandoned village looked desolate and empty.
Das verlassene Dorf sah verlassen und leer aus.
C1 adverb /ˈhɛdˌlɔŋ/

headlong

kopfüber
Meaning
With the head leading; in a rush or without thinking.
Example
She rushed headlong into the new project.
Sie stürzte sich kopfüber in das neue Projekt.
C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ɑːk/

Monarch

Monarch
Meaning
a sovereign ruler, especially a king or queen
Example
The monarch addressed the nation on television.
Der Monarch sprach die Nation im Fernsehen an.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.trəˈspek.tɪv

introspective

introspektiv
Meaning
Characterized by or given to introspection; examining one's own thoughts and feelings.
Example
Writers tend to be highly introspective individuals.
Schriftsteller neigen dazu, hochgradig introspektive Individuen zu sein.
C1 verb/noun /ˈrɛlɪʃ/

relish

genießen / Gewürz
Meaning
to greatly enjoy; also a condiment or sauce
Example
She relished the opportunity to travel abroad.
Sie genoss die Gelegenheit, ins Ausland zu reisen.
C1 noun ˌskeɪ.ləˈbɪl.ə.ti

scalability

Skalierbarkeit
Meaning
The capacity to be changed in size or scale; the ability of a system to handle a growing amount of work.
Example
The new software offers high scalability for large enterprises.
Die neue Software bietet eine hohe Skalierbarkeit für große Unternehmen.
C1 noun /ˈpɛndjələm/

pendulum

pendel
Meaning
A weight suspended from a pivot so that it swings freely, often used to regulate clocks.
Example
The pendulum swung back and forth inside the clock.
Der Pendel schwang vor und zurück im Inneren der Uhr.
C1 adjective /ˌmiːtiˈɔːrɪk/

meteoric

mit Meteoriten verwandt; sehr schnell und oft vorübergehend.
Meaning
Relating to meteors; very rapid and often temporary.
Example
The singer’s meteoric rise to fame surprised everyone.
Der meteorishe Aufstieg des Sängers zum Ruhm überraschte alle.
C1 verb /əˈkleɪm/

acclaim

loben
Meaning
to praise enthusiastically and publicly
Example
The audience acclaimed the actor for his outstanding performance.
Das Publikum pries den Schauspieler für seine herausragende Leistung.
C1 noun /ˈmʌltɪplaɪər/

multiplier

Multiplikator
Meaning
a number or factor by which another number is multiplied; something that increases the effect or value of something else
Example
In economics, government spending can act as a multiplier for economic growth.
In der Wirtschaft können staatliche Ausgaben ein Multiplikator für Wachstum sein.
C1 verb /ˈɛkstrəˌdaɪt/

extradite

extradieren
Meaning
to hand over a person accused or convicted of a crime to another country or state
Example
The government agreed to extradite the fugitive to his home country.
Die Regierung stimmte zu, den Flüchtigen in sein Heimatland zu extradieren.
C1 verb /ˈɡɑː.nɪʃ/

garnish

garnierten
Meaning
To decorate food with small items for added flavor or visual appeal.
Example
She garnished the dish with fresh coriander leaves.
Sie garnierten das Gericht mit frischen Korianderblättern.
C1 adjective /oʊˈbiːs/

obese

fettleibig
Meaning
Extremely overweight; having an excessive amount of body fat.
Example
The doctor advised the obese patient to adopt a healthier lifestyle.
Der Arzt riet dem übergewichtigen Patienten, einen gesünderen Lebensstil anzunehmen.
C1 noun /ˌtes.tɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Testimonial

Zeugnis
Meaning
a formal statement testifying to someone's character and qualifications
Example
The professor wrote a glowing testimonial for her former student.
Der Professor schrieb ein glänzendes Zeugnis für seine ehemalige Studentin.
C1 adverb /ˈleŋθ.waɪz/

Lengthwise

der Länge nach; entlang der längsten Dimension
Meaning
in the direction of the length; along the longest dimension
Example
Fold the paper lengthwise to make it easier to carry.
Falten Sie das Papier der Länge nach, um es leichter zu transportieren.
C1 phrase lɪˈdʒɪt.ɪ.mət sɛlf dɪˈfens

legitimate self-defense

rechtfertigte Selbstverteidigung
Meaning
Lawful protection of oneself from harm or attack.
Example
The country claimed it was legitimate self-defense.
Das Land behauptete, es sei eine rechtfertigte Selbstverteidigung.
C1 verb rɪˈlɪŋ.kwɪʃ

relinquish

aufgeben
Meaning
To give up any authority, responsibility, or property.
Example
He decided to relinquish his position as CEO.
Er entschied sich, seine Position als CEO aufzugeben.
C1 noun /ˈfjuː.dʒə.tɪv/

Fugitive

Flüchtiger
Meaning
a person who has escaped from a place or is in hiding, especially to avoid arrest
Example
The police launched a manhunt to capture the fugitive who escaped from prison.
Die Polizei startete eine Großfahndung, um den Flüchtigen zu fassen, der aus dem Gefängnis entkommen war.
C1 adjective /ˈfɛrəl/

feral

wild
Meaning
existing in a wild or untamed state; not domesticated
Example
The feral cat roamed the streets at night.
Die wilde Katze streifte nachts durch die Straßen.
C1 noun /ˌsɛlf əˌfɜːˈmeɪʃən/

self-affirmation

Selbstbestätigung
Meaning
The practice of affirming one's own worthiness and value as an individual.
Example
Daily self-affirmation can boost your confidence.
Tägliche Selbstbestätigung kann dein Selbstvertrauen stärken.
C1 noun /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

mosaic

Mosaik
Meaning
A picture or pattern produced by arranging together small pieces of stone, tile, or glass.
Example
The church ceiling was decorated with a beautiful mosaic.
Die Decke der Kirche war mit einem wunderschönen Mosaik geschmückt.
C1 verb /ˈɡrætɪfaɪ/

gratify

befriedigen, erfreuen
Meaning
to give pleasure or satisfaction to someone
Example
It gratified him to know his work was appreciated.
Es befriedigte ihn, zu wissen, dass seine Arbeit anerkannt wurde.
C1 adjective /bɪˈmjuːzd/

bemused

verwirrt, verwundert
Meaning
confused, puzzled, or lost in thought
Example
She looked bemused when he asked the strange question.
Sie sah verwirrt aus, als er die seltsame Frage stellte.
C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl səˈpɔːrt

indispensable support

unverzichtbare Unterstützung
Meaning
Essential assistance that cannot be done without; absolutely necessary help.
Example
Volunteers provide indispensable support to communities.
Freiwillige leisten unverzichtbare Unterstützung für Gemeinschaften.
C1 noun /drɑːft/ (UK), /dræft/ (US)

draught

Meaning
a current of cool air in a room or another confined space; also a portion of liquid, especially beer, served from a barrel or cask
Example
She closed the window to keep out the cold draught.
C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.əs/

Piteous

mitleidserregend; traurig
Meaning
deserving pity; arousing compassion
Example
The piteous cries of the injured animal moved everyone to tears.
Die mitleidserregenden Schreie des verletzten Tieres rührten alle zu Tränen.
C1 adjective /rɪˈmiːdiəl/

Remedial

korrigierend; heilend; therapeutisch;
Meaning
intended as a remedy; corrective; providing a cure;
Example
The students need remedial classes to improve their math skills.
Die Schüler benötigen Nachhilfe, um ihre mathematischen Fähigkeiten zu verbessern.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊn.tər kleɪm/

counter-claim

Gegendarforderung
Meaning
a claim made to rebut a previous claim, often in legal contexts
Example
The defendant filed a counter-claim against the plaintiff.
Der Beklagte reichte eine Gegendarforderung gegen den Kläger ein.
C1 noun /əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/

agility

Agilität
Meaning
Ability to work quickly and easily, both physically and mentally.
Example
Mental agility is essential for problem-solving.
Mentale Agilität ist entscheidend für die Problemlösung.
C1 noun /ˌɛksɛnˈtrɪsəti/

eccentricity

Exzentrizität
Meaning
the quality of being unconventional or slightly strange
Example
His eccentricity made him both admired and misunderstood.
Seine Exzentrizität machte ihn sowohl bewundert als auch missverstanden.
C1 adjective /ˈkwɑː.drʊ.pəl/

Quadruple

vierfach
Meaning
four times as much or as many; consisting of four parts
Example
The company's profits have shown quadruple growth this year.
Die Gewinne des Unternehmens haben in diesem Jahr ein vierfaches Wachstum gezeigt.
C1 noun /ˌkʌl də ˈsæk/

cul de sac

Sackgasse
Meaning
A street or passage closed at one end; a dead end.
Example
They bought a house at the end of a quiet cul de sac.
Sie kauften ein Haus am Ende einer ruhigen Sackgasse.
C1 adjective, noun /əbˈzɔːrbənt/

absorbent

saugfähig
Meaning
able to soak up liquid, moisture, or energy easily; a material or substance that absorbs
Example
This towel is highly absorbent and dries quickly.
Dieses Handtuch ist sehr saugfähig und trocknet schnell.
C1 noun /ˌpɜːrspəˈreɪʃn/

perspiration

Schwitzen
Meaning
The process of sweating.
Example
Heavy exercise causes perspiration.
Schweres Training verursacht Schwitzen.
C1 verb /ˈpʌməl/

pummel

verprügeln
Meaning
To strike repeatedly with the fists; to beat or hit forcefully.
Example
The boxer pummeled his opponent in the final round.
Der Boxer hat seinen Gegner in der letzten Runde verprügelt.
C1 noun /ˈtrɛʒərər/

treasurer

Schatzmeister
Meaning
a person responsible for managing the financial affairs of an organization
Example
The treasurer presented the annual financial report.
Der Schatzmeister präsentierte den jährlichen Finanzbericht.
C1 adjective /ˌhɑːrdˈhɑːrtɪd/

hard-hearted

herzlos
Meaning
showing no kindness or sympathy; cruel
Example
The landlord was hard-hearted and refused to help the poor family.
Der Vermieter war herzlos und weigerte sich, der armen Familie zu helfen.
C1 noun /kəˈloʊkwiəˌlɪzəm/

colloquialism

umgangssprache
Meaning
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
Example
The novel is full of regional colloquialisms.
Der Roman ist voller regionaler Umgangssprachen.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv/

vegetative

bezüglich Wachstum oder der grundlegenden Lebensprozesse
Meaning
relating to growth or the basic processes of life, often without conscious thought or activity
Example
The patient remained in a vegetative state after the accident.
Der Patient blieb nach dem Unfall in einem vegetativen Zustand.
C1 noun /ˈʌp.tɜːn/

upturn

Verbesserung
Meaning
An improvement or upward trend in a situation, especially in business or economy.
Example
The company experienced an upturn in sales last quarter.
Das Unternehmen erlebte im letzten Quartal eine Verbesserung der Verkaufszahlen.
C1 noun ˈledʒ.ɪ.slə.tʃər

legislature

Legislatur
Meaning
The legislative body of a country or state; the branch of government that makes laws.
Example
The legislature drafts laws for governance.
Die Legislatur entwirft Gesetze zur Regierungsführung.
C1 noun /pləˈsiːboʊ/

placebo

Placebo
Meaning
a substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs
Example
The patient was given a placebo to compare the effect of the real drug.
Der Patient erhielt ein Placebo, um die Wirkung des echten Medikaments zu vergleichen.
C1 verb /ˈmiː.di.eɪt/

mediate

vermitteln
Meaning
To act as an intermediary in bringing about agreement or reconciliation between parties.
Example
She was asked to mediate between the two companies.
Sie wurde gebeten, zwischen den beiden Unternehmen zu vermitteln.
C1 noun /ˈwɜːkmənʃɪp/

workmanship

Qualität der Arbeit
Meaning
The skill with which something is made or the quality of something made.
Example
The workmanship of the handmade furniture was impeccable.
Die Handwerkskunst der handgefertigten Möbel war tadellos.
C1 verb /sɪft/

sift

sieben / sorgfältig durchsuchen
Meaning
to separate or sort through carefully, often using a sieve or by examining closely
Example
She sifted the flour before adding it to the cake mixture.
Sie siftete das Mehl, bevor sie es in die Kuchenteigmischung gab.
C1 adjective /ˈhɑːrdi/

hardy

robust, widerstandsfähig
Meaning
Strong, robust, and capable of enduring difficult conditions.
Example
Hardy plants can survive the harsh winter.
Robuste Pflanzen können den harten Winter überstehen.
C1 adjective /daɪˈvɜːrsɪfaɪd/

diversified

diversifiziert
Meaning
Made or having variety in form, nature, or content.
Example
The company adopted a diversified business strategy to reduce risks.
Das Unternehmen hat eine diversifizierte Geschäftsstrategie übernommen, um Risiken zu reduzieren.