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B2 noun /ˈvɜː.dɪkt/

verdict

Meaning
a decision made by a jury or judge in a court case
Example
The jury returned a guilty verdict after three hours of deliberation.
B2 noun /ˈven.juː/

Venue

Veranstaltungsort
Meaning
a place where an event or activity takes place
Example
The wedding venue was beautifully decorated.
Der Veranstaltungsort der Hochzeit war wunderschön dekoriert.
C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrnəl/

vernal

frühlingshaft
Meaning
related to spring; fresh, youthful
Example
The garden was filled with vernal beauty after the long winter.
Der Garten war nach dem langen Winter mit frühlingshafter Schönheit erfüllt.
B2 noun /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/

Violation

Verletzung; Verstoß gegen Regeln
Meaning
the action of violating someone or something; the action of breaking or failing to comply with a rule or formal agreement
Example
The company was fined for violation of environmental regulations.
Das Unternehmen wurde mit einer Geldstrafe belegt, weil es die Umweltvorschriften verletzt hatte.
C2 noun /ˈvɪtəlz/

victuals

Proviant
Meaning
Food or provisions, especially for human consumption.
Example
The travelers packed enough victuals for their long journey.
Die Reisenden packten genug Proviant für ihre lange Reise.
B1 noun /ˈvoʊtɪŋ/

voting

Wahl
Meaning
the act of making a choice in an election or decision by casting a vote
Example
Voting is an important part of a democratic society.
Wählen ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil einer demokratischen Gesellschaft.
C1 verb /vaɪ/

vie

wetteifern
Meaning
To compete eagerly with someone in order to do or achieve something.
Example
Several companies are vying for the contract.
Mehrere Unternehmen konkurrieren um den Vertrag.
B2 verb /ˈvaɪəleɪt/

violate

verstoßen
Meaning
to break or go against a rule or law; to disrespect
Example
Parking here violates the city regulations.
Hier parken verstößt gegen die Stadtvorschriften.
B1 noun /ˈviːzə/

visa

Visum
Meaning
an official authorization or permission to enter, leave, or stay in a country
Example
She applied for a visa to study abroad.
Sie beantragte ein Visum, um im Ausland zu studieren.
C2 adjective /ˈviː.ni.əl/

Venial

verzeihbar; nicht wirklich falsch; geringfügig
Meaning
forgivable; not seriously wrong; minor
Example
His late arrival was considered a venial offense.
Seine späte Ankunft wurde als verzeihliches Vergehen betrachtet.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈkɛəriəs/

vicarious

Glück
Meaning
experienced through the feelings or actions of another person
Example
She felt vicarious excitement watching her son win the award.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
B2 noun ˌvɒlənˈtɪər ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən

volunteer organization

freiwillige Organisation
Meaning
A nonprofit group of people who offer their services willingly without payment for a cause.
Example
BD Clean is a volunteer organization promoting recycling.
BD Clean ist eine freiwillige Organisation, die Recycling fördert.
C2 noun /ˈvɪrjʊləns/

virulence

Virulenz
Meaning
The severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.
Example
Scientists studied the virulence of the new virus strain.
Wissenschaftler untersuchten die Virulenz des neuen Virus-Stamms.
B2 noun /vɪˈsɪn.ə.ti/

Vicinity

Nachbarschaft; Umgebung
Meaning
the area near or surrounding a particular place; neighborhood
Example
There are many shops in the vicinity of the school.
Es gibt viele Geschäfte in der Nähe der Schule.
C1 noun/verb /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

varnish

Lack
Meaning
A liquid that is applied to wood or other materials to form a hard, shiny surface; also to apply such a liquid.
Example
The carpenter varnished the table to give it a glossy finish.
Der Tischler lackierte den Tisch, um ihm eine glänzende Oberfläche zu geben.
C1 noun /ˈveɪpəraɪzər/

vaporizer

Verdampfer
Meaning
a device that turns a liquid into vapor, often for inhalation
Example
She used a vaporizer to ease her cough.
Sie benutzte einen Verdampfer, um ihren Husten zu lindern.
B2 adjective /ˈvʌl.nər.ə.bəl/

vulnerable

verletzlich
Meaning
susceptible to physical or emotional harm
Example
Children are often the most vulnerable in times of crisis.
Kinder sind in Krisenzeiten oft die verletzlichsten.
C1 noun /ˌvaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

viability

Lebensfähigkeit
Meaning
Ability to work successfully; feasibility.
Example
The viability of the project depends on funding.
Die Lebensfähigkeit des Projekts hängt von der Finanzierung ab.
C1 adverb /ˈvaɪtəli/

vitally

lebenswichtig
Meaning
in an extremely important or essential way; in a manner relating to life or vitality
Example
Access to clean water is vitally important for public health.
Der Zugang zu sauberem Wasser ist lebenswichtig für die öffentliche Gesundheit.
C2 noun /ˌvɛəriəˈɡeɪʃən/

variegation

Variegation
Meaning
The appearance of differently colored zones in the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants.
Example
Variegation makes the foliage look more attractive.
Variegation lässt das Laub attraktiver wirken.
B2 adjective /veɪɡ/

Vague

vage; unklar
Meaning
unclear or uncertain in meaning; not clearly expressed
Example
His explanation was too vague for me to understand.
Seine Erklärung war zu vage, um sie zu verstehen.
C2 noun /ˌvæs.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən/

Vacillation

Zögern
Meaning
the inability to decide between different opinions or actions; indecision
Example
His constant vacillation between career choices frustrated his parents.
Seine ständige Zögern zwischen Karrierentscheidungen frustrierte seine Eltern.
B2 noun /ˈveɪ.kən.si/

Vacancy

Vakanz; ein leerer Platz oder eine unbesetzte Stelle
Meaning
an unoccupied position or job; an empty space or room
Example
There is a vacancy for a software engineer in our company.
In unserem Unternehmen gibt es eine Vakanz für einen Softwareingenieur.
C1 noun ˌvɒl.əˈtɪl.ɪ.ti

volatility

Volatilität
Meaning
Liability to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse; instability.
Example
The stock market's volatility makes investment risky.
Die Volatilität des Aktienmarkts macht Investitionen riskant.
C1 adjective vəˈreɪ.ʃəs

voracious

gefräßig
Meaning
Having a very eager approach to an activity; wanting or devouring great quantities of food or having an insatiable appetite.
Example
He has a voracious appetite for knowledge.
Er hat einen gefräßigen Hunger nach Wissen.
A2 noun /ˈvæk.juːm ˈkliː.nər/

Vaccum cleaner

Staubsauger
Meaning
an electrical appliance that uses suction to remove dirt and dust from carpets and floors
Example
She used the vacuum cleaner to clean the living room carpet.
Sie benutzte den Staubsauger, um den Teppich im Wohnzimmer zu reinigen.
A1 noun /ˈvɛdʒ.tə.bəl/

vegetable

Glück
Meaning
a plant or part of a plant used as food
Example
I eat vegetables every day for health.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C2 noun ˈvɜː.mɪ.kʌl.tʃər

vermiculture

Wurmzucht
Meaning
The cultivation of earthworms, especially for use in composting organic waste.
Example
Vermiculture enriches soil with natural nutrients.
Vermiculture bereichert den Boden mit natürlichen Nährstoffen.
B2 verb /ˈvæksɪneɪt/

vaccinate

impfen
Meaning
to give a vaccine to protect against a disease
Example
Children are usually vaccinated before starting school.
Kinder werden in der Regel vor dem Schulbeginn geimpft.
C2 adjective /vɜːrˈtɪdʒɪnəs/

vertiginous

schwindelerregend
Meaning
Causing dizziness due to great height or steepness.
Example
The tourists looked down from the vertiginous cliffs with awe.
Die Touristen schauten mit Ehrfurcht von den schwindelerregenden Klippen hinunter.
C2 adjective /ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri/

valedictory

Abschieds-
Meaning
Serving as a farewell or parting; relating to a valediction.
Example
He delivered a valedictory speech at the conference.
Er hielt eine Abschiedansprache auf der Konferenz.
B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

Reise; Seereise
Meaning
a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
Example
The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.
Die Schiffsreise über den Atlantik dauerte zwei Wochen.
C1 noun /vərˈnækjələr/

vernacular

Vernakularsprache
Meaning
the language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular region
Example
He gave his speech in the local vernacular so everyone could understand.
Er hielt seine Rede in der lokalen Vernakularsprache, damit jeder es verstehen konnte.
C1 noun /ˈvendʒəns/

Vengeance

Rache
Meaning
punishment inflicted or retribution exacted for an injury or wrong; revenge
Example
He swore to seek vengeance against those who wronged him.
Er schwor, Rache an denen zu nehmen, die ihm Unrecht getan hatten.
C1 noun vaɪˈtæləti

vitality

Vitalität, Energie
Meaning
The state of being strong and active; energy.
Example
The vitality of the team helped them succeed in the competition.
Die Vitalität des Teams half ihnen, in der Konkurrenz erfolgreich zu sein.
B2 noun /vaɪn/

vine

Weinrebe
Meaning
a climbing or trailing plant with long stems; a plant that produces grapes
Example
The vine climbed up the wall and covered it with green leaves.
Die Weinrebe kletterte die Wand hinauf und bedeckte sie mit grünen Blättern.
B2 verb /ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/

visualize

visualisieren
Meaning
To form a mental image of something; to imagine.
Example
She tried to visualize her success before the big presentation.
Sie versuchte, ihren Erfolg vor der großen Präsentation zu visualisieren.
B1 noun /ˈvɜːr.ʒən/

Version

Version; Form; Bericht
Meaning
a particular form or variation of something; an account of an event
Example
This is the latest version of the software.
Dies ist die neueste Version der Software.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪnsəbl/

vincible

besiegbar
Meaning
capable of being overcome or defeated
Example
The enemy seemed vincible after losing their main base.
Der Feind schien nach dem Verlust ihrer Hauptbasis besiegbar.
C2 adjective /veɪnˈɡlɔːriəs/

vainglorious

eitel
Meaning
Excessively proud of oneself or one’s achievements; boastful.
Example
The vainglorious leader boasted about his minor achievements.
Der eitler Führer prahlte mit seinen kleinen Erfolgen.
C1 adjective /vəˈluː.mə.nəs/

voluminous

voluminös, groß, umfangreich
Meaning
Occupying or containing much space; large in volume, in particular.
Example
The library contained a voluminous collection of books.
Die Bibliothek hatte eine voluminöse Sammlung von Büchern.
C2 noun /vɛkˈseɪʃən/

vexation

Ärger
Meaning
the state of being annoyed, frustrated, or worried
Example
She could not hide her vexation after the repeated delays.
Sie konnte ihre Ärger nach den wiederholten Verzögerungen nicht verbergen.
B2 noun /vɜːrs/

verse

Vers
Meaning
A line of writing in poetry; a section of a song or poem.
Example
She wrote a beautiful verse for the wedding ceremony.
Sie schrieb ein schönes Vers für die Hochzeitszeremonie.
C2 adjective /ˈvoʊtɪv/

votive

votiv
Meaning
Offered or dedicated in fulfillment of a vow.
Example
She lit a votive candle in the church as a prayer.
Sie zündete eine votive Kerze in der Kirche als Gebet an.
C1 verb /veks/

vex

ärgern
Meaning
to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble
Example
The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.
Der ständige Lärm von der Baustelle ärgert die Anwohner.
B1 noun /ˈvæl.i/

Valley

Tal
Meaning
a low area of land between hills or mountains
Example
The green valley stretched for miles between the mountains.
Das grüne Tal erstreckte sich über Meilen zwischen den Bergen.
C2 adjective /vəˈlʌptʃuəs/

voluptuous

luxuriös
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by luxury and sensual pleasure; sexually attractive.
Example
The artist painted a voluptuous figure reclining on the couch.
Der Künstler malte eine luxuriöse Figur, die auf dem Sofa lag.
A2 noun /vɔɪs/

voice

Stimme
Meaning
the sound produced by the vocal cords; the ability to speak or express oneself
Example
She has a beautiful voice that captivates the audience.
Sie hat eine wunderschöne Stimme, die das Publikum fesselt.
C2 adjective /ˈvɑːlətɪv/

volitive

volitiv
Meaning
Relating to the will or the exercise of the will.
Example
The treaty was signed under volitive agreement between both nations.
Der Vertrag wurde unter volitivem Einverständnis zwischen beiden Nationen unterzeichnet.
C2 noun /ˌvɑːljəˈbɪləti/

volubility

Redseligkeit
Meaning
The quality of talking fluently, readily, or incessantly.
Example
His volubility made him a successful radio host.
Seine Redseligkeit machte ihn zu einem erfolgreichen Radio-Moderator.
C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

Tresor / springen
Meaning
A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.
Example
The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.
Die Bank bewahrte ihre Goldbarren in einem sicheren Tresor auf.
B2 adjective /ˈvaɪtl/

vital

lebenswichtig
Meaning
essential or necessary for life or success
Example
It's vital to stay hydrated during the summer.
Es ist wichtig, im Sommer hydratisiert zu bleiben.
A2 verb /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

visiting

besuchen
Meaning
Going to see and spend time with someone or at a place.
Example
The group is visiting islands during the expedition.
Die Gruppe besucht während der Expedition Inseln.
C2 noun /ˈvæləns/

valance

Dekorative Gardine
Meaning
A decorative drapery hung across the top of a window or bed.
Example
She chose a floral valance to match the curtains in her bedroom.
Sie wählte einen floralen Valance, um zu den Vorhängen in ihrem Schlafzimmer zu passen.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkeɪtɪv/

vindicative

rechtfertigend
Meaning
showing a tendency to vindicate or justify; inclined to defend
Example
Her vindicative tone showed that she strongly believed in her innocence.
Ihr vindikativer Ton zeigte, dass sie fest an ihre Unschuld glaubte.
B2 noun /veɪl/

Veil

Schleier; Maske; Brautschleier;
Meaning
a piece of fine material worn to protect or conceal the face; something that conceals or disguises
Example
The bride wore a beautiful white veil during the ceremony.
Die Braut trug während der Zeremonie einen schönen weißen Schleier.
A2 noun /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Vacation

Urlaub
Meaning
a period of time when someone does not go to work or school but is free to do what they want, such as travel or relax
Example
I'm planning a vacation to the beach next summer.
Ich plane, nächsten Sommer Urlaub am Strand zu machen.
B1 adjective /ˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Visible

sichtbar; klar; offensichtlich
Meaning
able to be seen; noticeable; apparent
Example
The mountain peak was clearly visible from our hotel room.
Der Gipfel des Berges war von unserem Hotelzimmer aus deutlich sichtbar.
C2 noun /ˌvælɪˈdɪkʃən/

valediction

Abschiedsrede
Meaning
The act of saying farewell; a formal goodbye.
Example
The professor gave a touching valediction at his retirement ceremony.
Der Professor hielt eine berührende Abschiedsrede bei seiner Ruhestand Zeremonie.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛnərəbəl/

Venerable

ehrwürdig; respektiert
Meaning
deserving respect due to age, wisdom, or character; revered
Example
The venerable professor has taught at the university for fifty years.
Der ehrwürdige Professor hat fünfzig Jahre lang an der Universität unterrichtet.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛlvəti/

velvety

Glück
Meaning
having a smooth, soft texture like velvet
Example
She spoke in a low, velvety voice.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C2 noun /ˈvɜːrdɪɡriːs/

verdigris

grüne oder blaue Ablagerung
Meaning
A green or bluish deposit that forms on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces due to oxidation.
Example
The old statue was covered in verdigris after years of exposure to the rain.
Die alte Statue war nach Jahren der Regenexposition mit Verdigris bedeckt.
B1 noun /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/

Vegetarian

Vegetarier
Meaning
a person who does not eat meat or fish; relating to vegetarians or vegetarianism
Example
She became a vegetarian for health and environmental reasons.
Sie wurde Vegetarierin aus gesundheitlichen und ökologischen Gründen.
B2 verb/noun /vɛnt/

vent

lüften / Öffnung, durch die Luft oder Gas strömt
Meaning
to release air, gas, or strong emotions; an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass
Example
She vented her frustration after the long meeting.
Sie ließ ihre Frustration nach dem langen Meeting heraus.
C2 verb /ˈvɪʃieɪt/

vitiate

verderben
Meaning
to spoil, weaken, or make something less effective
Example
One careless remark can vitiate the entire argument.
Ein unüberlegter Kommentar kann das gesamte Argument verderben.
C2 adjective /ˈvoʊlənt/

volant

fliegend
Meaning
able to fly or moving swiftly
Example
The volant bird soared gracefully across the sky.
Der fliegende Vogel stieg anmutig in den Himmel auf.
A1 noun /ˈvɪdiəʊ/

video

Video
Meaning
a recording of moving visual images made digitally or on film
Example
She watched the video of her favorite concert online.
Sie sah sich das Video ihres Lieblingskonzerts online an.
C1 noun ˈvɜːmɪn

vermin

kleine schädliche Tiere oder Insekten, die schwer zu kontrollieren sind und Krankheiten verbreiten
Meaning
Small harmful animals or insects that are difficult to control and carry disease.
Example
The house was infested with vermin, requiring immediate action.
Das Haus war mit vermin befallen, was sofortige Maßnahmen erforderte.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪrjʊlənt/

virulent

äußerst schädlich
Meaning
Extremely severe or harmful in its effects.
Example
The virulent disease spread rapidly across the region.
Die virulente Krankheit verbreitete sich schnell in der Region.
C2 verb /vɪˈtjuːpəreɪt/

vituperate

verrügen
Meaning
To criticize harshly or abuse verbally.
Example
The politician was quick to vituperate his opponents during the debate.
Der Politiker war schnell dabei, seine Gegner während der Debatte zu verrügen.
C1 noun ˌvɜː.səˈtɪl.ɪ.ti

versatility

Vielseitigkeit
Meaning
Ability to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many different skills.
Example
His versatility made him successful in multiple fields.
Seine Vielseitigkeit machte ihn in verschiedenen Bereichen erfolgreich.
A1 noun /ˈvedʒ.tə.bəlz/

Vegetables

Gemüse
Meaning
plants or parts of plants that are eaten as food, such as peas, beans, cabbage, potatoes, onions, or carrots
Example
We should eat more vegetables to maintain a healthy diet.
Wir sollten mehr Gemüse essen, um eine gesunde Ernährung aufrechtzuerhalten.
C1 noun /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl ˈfɑː.mɪŋ/

vertical farming

vertikale Landwirtschaft
Meaning
The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
Example
Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.
Vertikale Landwirtschaft gewährleistet eine maximale Raumnutzung in städtischen Gebieten.
C2 adjective /vɪˈtjuːpərətɪv/

vituperative

schimpfend
Meaning
Characterized by abusive or harsh language.
Example
The teacher’s vituperative remarks left the students in tears.
Die schimpfenden Bemerkungen des Lehrers ließen die Schüler in Tränen zurück.
C2 verb /ˈvɛəriəˌɡeɪt/

variegate

variieren
Meaning
To diversify or mark with different colors or patterns.
Example
The artist used different shades to variegate the design.
Der Künstler benutzte verschiedene Schattierungen, um das Design zu variieren.
C2 noun /vɛnˈdɪʃən/

vendition

verkauf
Meaning
The act of selling; sale.
Example
The auction was a formal vendition of the estate's assets.
Die Auktion war eine formelle Verkauf der Vermögenswerte des Anwesens.
B2 adjective /vɪkˈtɔː.ri.əs/

Victorious

siegreich
Meaning
having won a victory; successful in a struggle or contest
Example
The victorious team celebrated their championship win with great joy.
Das siegreiche Team feierte seinen Meisterschaftsgewinn mit großer Freude.
B2 adjective /ˈvʌl.ɡər/

Vulgar

vulgär; unhöflich; grob;
Meaning
lacking sophistication or good taste; crude and offensive in language or behavior
Example
His vulgar language offended everyone at the dinner party.
Seine vulgäre Sprache beleidigte alle auf der Dinnerparty.
C2 noun /vɜːrv/

verve

Energie
Meaning
Great enthusiasm, spirit, or energy in expression or performance.
Example
The actor performed his role with remarkable verve.
Der Schauspieler spielte seine Rolle mit bemerkenswerter Energie.
B1 preposition /ˈvɜːsəs/

versus

gegen
Meaning
against (in a competition or conflict)
Example
The team is playing versus their biggest rivals.
Das Team spielt gegen seine größten Rivalen.
A2 noun /vəˈkæbjʊləri/

vocabulary

Wortschatz
Meaning
the set of words known and used by a person, group, or language; the words used in a particular field or subject
Example
Reading every day helps improve your vocabulary.
Tägliches Lesen verbessert deinen Wortschatz.
C1 noun /vʌlˈɡær.ɪ.ti/

Vulgarity

Vulgärität
Meaning
the quality of being rude, offensive, or indecent; lack of sophistication or good taste
Example
The comedian's jokes were criticized for their vulgarity.
Die Witze des Komikers wurden wegen ihrer Vulgarität kritisiert.
B2 noun ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən

ventilation

Belüftung
Meaning
The provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc.
Example
Proper ventilation is essential for maintaining air quality.
Eine angemessene Belüftung ist entscheidend, um die Luftqualität zu erhalten.
C1 noun /ˈvæɡ.ə.bɒnd/

Vagabond

Vagabund; Landstreicher
Meaning
a person who has no home or job and travels from place to place
Example
The old vagabond wandered through the streets looking for food.
Der alte Vagabund wanderte durch die Straßen auf der Suche nach Essen.
B2 noun ˈven.tʃərz

ventures

Unternehmen
Meaning
Business enterprises or undertakings, especially risky ones.
Example
Luxury ventures in space attract wealthy clients.
Luxus-Ventures im Weltraum ziehen wohlhabende Kunden an.
C2 noun /vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd/

vicissitude

Wechsel des Lebens
Meaning
A natural change or succession of one thing to another; the ups and downs of life.
Example
The vicissitude of life often teaches resilience.
Die Wechsel des Lebens lehren oft Resilienz.
C2 noun /ˈveɪɡəri/

vagary

unerwartete Veränderung
Meaning
An unexpected and inexplicable change in a situation or someone's behavior.
Example
The vagaries of the weather made planning difficult.
Die Launen des Wetters erschwerten die Planung.
B2 noun /ˈveɪ.pər/

Vapour

Dampf
Meaning
a substance in the form of a gas, especially when it has changed from a liquid or solid state
Example
Water vapour rose from the hot pavement after the rain.
Der Wasserdampf stieg nach dem Regen vom heißen Gehweg auf.
C1 noun /væt/

vat

großer Behälter
Meaning
A large container used for holding liquids such as dye or wine.
Example
The workers filled the vat with freshly pressed grape juice.
Die Arbeiter füllten den großen Behälter mit frisch gepresstem Traubensaft.
C1 adjective /ˈvendʒ.fəl/

Vengeful

rächerisch
Meaning
seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury; vindictive
Example
She felt vengeful after her friend betrayed her trust.
Sie fühlte sich rachsüchtig, nachdem ihre Freundin ihr Vertrauen verraten hatte.
B2 adjective /ˈvɪʃ.əs/

Vicious

bösartig; grausam; wild
Meaning
deliberately cruel or violent; having a savage nature
Example
The vicious dog attacked anyone who came near its territory.
Der bösartige Hund griff jeden an, der sich seinem Territorium näherte.
C1 adjective ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.lənt

vigilant

wachsam
Meaning
Keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties; alert and watchful.
Example
The guards remained vigilant throughout the night.
Die Wachen blieben die ganze Nacht über wachsam.
C2 verb /ˈvɪtrɪfaɪ/

vitrify

zu Glas werden
Meaning
to turn into glass or a glass-like substance by heat
Example
Sand can vitrify under intense heat.
Sand kann bei intensiver Hitze zu Glas werden.
C1 adverb /ˈvælɪdli/

validly

gültig
Meaning
in a legally, logically, or officially acceptable manner
Example
The contract was validly signed by both parties.
Der Vertrag wurde von beiden Parteien gültig unterzeichnet.
C1 adverb/adjective /vɜːˈbeɪ.tɪm/

verbatim

wortwörtlich oder buchstäblich
Meaning
In exactly the same words as were used originally; word for word repetition.
Example
She repeated his instructions verbatim to avoid errors.
Sie wiederholte seine Anweisungen wortwörtlich, um Fehler zu vermeiden.
C1 adjective /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/

Vindictive

rachsüchtig
Meaning
having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge
Example
His vindictive behavior towards his former colleagues was unprofessional.
Sein rachsüchtiges Verhalten gegenüber seinen ehemaligen Kollegen war unprofessionell.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.bəl/

verbal

verbal, durch Worte ausgedrückt
Meaning
Relating to or in the form of words; spoken rather than written.
Example
Verbal communication is essential in most situations.
Verbale Kommunikation ist in den meisten Situationen wichtig.
C2 noun /ˈvɪntnər/

vintner

Weinbauer / Weinhändler
Meaning
A person who makes or sells wine.
Example
The vintner explained the process of making red wine.
Der Weinbauer erklärte den Prozess der Herstellung von Rotwein.
C1 noun /vɛnˈdɛtə/

vendetta

Rache
Meaning
a prolonged bitter quarrel or campaign of revenge
Example
The two families were caught in a bitter vendetta for generations.
Die beiden Familien waren über Generationen hinweg in eine bittere Rache verstrickt.
C2 noun /ˈvɛstmənt/

vestment

religiöse Kleidung
Meaning
a garment, especially a ceremonial or official robe worn during religious services
Example
The priest wore a golden vestment during the ceremony.
Der Priester trug während der Zeremonie ein goldenes Gewand.
C2 noun /voʊˈsɪfərəns/

vociferance

laut rufen
Meaning
the act of shouting or making a loud outcry
Example
The vociferance of the protesters filled the streets.
Die Vociferance der Demonstranten füllte die Straßen.
B1 preposition /ˈvaɪə/ or /ˈviːə/

via

durch
Meaning
through, by way of, or using a particular route or means
Example
She sent the documents via email.
Sie schickte die Dokumente per E-Mail.
C2 noun /vərˈmɪl.jən/

Vermillion

leuchtend rot-orange Farbe; ein Pigment dieser Farbe
Meaning
a bright red-orange color; a pigment of this color
Example
The artist used vermillion paint for the sunset.
Der Künstler benutzte vermillionfarbene Farbe für den Sonnenuntergang.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪʒ.ən.er.i/

Visionary

visionär; fantasievoll;
Meaning
having original ideas about what the future will bring; innovative; imaginative
Example
Steve Jobs was a visionary leader who revolutionized technology.
Steve Jobs war ein visionärer Führer, der die Technologie revolutionierte.
C1 noun /ˈvenɪsən/

Venison

Rehfleisch
Meaning
meat from a deer used as food
Example
The restaurant serves delicious venison steaks.
Das Restaurant serviert köstliche Rehsteaks.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈvɪntɪdʒ/

vintage

Vintage / klassisch
Meaning
Relating to high quality from the past; classic; also the year of a wine harvest.
Example
She wore a vintage dress from the 1950s.
Sie trug ein Vintage-Kleid aus den 1950er Jahren.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljuːləs/

valueless

wertlos
Meaning
having no worth, importance, or usefulness
Example
The old broken phone was considered valueless.
Das alte kaputte Telefon wurde als wertlos angesehen.
C2 adjective /ˈvælərəs/

valorous

tapfer
Meaning
showing great courage and bravery
Example
The valorous soldier led his troop into battle without hesitation.
Der tapfere Soldat führte seine Truppen ohne Zögern in die Schlacht.
C2 adjective ˌvɪz.ju.oʊˈspeɪ.ʃəl

visuospatial

Bezieht sich auf das Verständnis der Beziehung zwischen Raum und Objekten durch Sicht
Meaning
Related to understanding the relationship between space and objects through vision.
Example
Good visuospatial skills are important for architecture and design.
Gute visuospatiale Fähigkeiten sind wichtig für Architektur und Design.
C2 verb /ˈvɛdʒɪteɪt/

vegetate

vegetieren
Meaning
to live in a dull, inactive, or unchallenging way, often with little physical or mental effort
Example
He spent his vacation vegetating on the couch in front of the TV.
Er verbrachte seinen Urlaub damit, auf der Couch vor dem Fernseher zu vegetieren.
B1 abbreviation /vərsəs/

vs

gegen
Meaning
used to indicate opposition or contrast between two things
Example
The match was Brazil vs Argentina in the final.
Das Spiel war Brasilien gegen Argentinien im Finale.
C1 noun /ˈvɔːrtɛks/

vortex

Strudel
Meaning
A mass of whirling fluid or air, especially a whirlpool or whirlwind.
Example
The plane was caught in a dangerous vortex of air.
Das Flugzeug wurde in einen gefährlichen Luftstrudel geraten.
C1 noun /ˈvɪɡər/

vigor

Energie
Meaning
Physical strength, energy, or enthusiasm.
Example
She tackled the project with great vigor and determination.
Sie ging das Projekt mit großer Energie und Entschlossenheit an.
B2 adjective /ˈvɪɡ.ər.əs/

vigorous

vigorös
Meaning
Characterized by high energy and vitality.
Example
Regular exercise keeps the body vigorous and healthy.
Regelmäßige Bewegung hält den Körper vigorös und gesund.
C2 adjective /ˈvæpɪd/

vapid

langweilig
Meaning
lacking liveliness, flavor, or interest; dull and uninspired
Example
The lecture was so vapid that half the audience fell asleep.
Der Vortrag war so langweilig, dass die Hälfte des Publikums eingeschlafen ist.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜːrtɪkl/

vertical

vertikal
Meaning
Standing or pointing straight up; perpendicular to the ground.
Example
The skyscraper has a perfectly vertical design.
Der Wolkenkratzer hat ein perfekt vertikales Design.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜːr.tʃu.əs/

Virtuous

tugendhaft; rechtschaffen; moralisch ausgezeichnet;
Meaning
having high moral standards; righteous; morally excellent
Example
She is known for her virtuous character and honest dealings.
Sie ist für ihren tugendhaften Charakter und ehrliche Geschäfte bekannt.
A2 noun /ˈvɒlibɔːl/

volleyball

Volleyball
Meaning
a team sport in which players hit a ball over a high net using their hands
Example
She plays volleyball with her friends every weekend.
Sie spielt jedes Wochenende Volleyball mit ihren Freunden.
B2 adjective /ˈvoʊkəl/

vocal

lautstark
Meaning
expressing opinions or feelings freely and loudly; relating to the voice
Example
She was very vocal about her dissatisfaction.
Sie war sehr lautstark über ihre Unzufriedenheit.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛrɪtəbl/

veritable

wahrhaft
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
Das Haus war ein wahrhaftiges Schloss im Vergleich zu unserem.
C1 noun /ˈvænɡɑːrd/

vanguard

Vorhut
Meaning
the forefront of an action, movement, or military force
Example
The company is at the vanguard of technological innovation.
Das Unternehmen ist an der Spitze der technologischen Innovation.