turbulent
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Englisch BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Spanisch FR Französisch DE Deutsch RU Russisch ZH Chinesisch JA Japanisch
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

turbulent

turbulent
Meaning
Characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not stable or calm.
Example
The country went through a turbulent period of political change.
Das Land durchlief eine turbulente Phase politischen Wandels.
C2 noun /ˈsɜːrfɪt/

surfeit

Übermaß
Meaning
an excessive amount of something
Example
There was a surfeit of food at the festival.
Es gab ein Übermaß an Essen auf dem Festival.
C2 verb /lɑːl/

loll

faul herumliegen
Meaning
To sit, lie, or stand in a lazy, relaxed way.
Example
He lolled on the sofa after a long day at work.
Nach einem langen Arbeitstag lollte er auf dem Sofa.
B1 noun /ˈwɜːrkpleɪs/

workplace

Arbeitsplatz
Meaning
a place where people work, such as an office, factory, or shop
Example
Maintaining good communication is vital in the workplace.
Gute Kommunikation auf dem Arbeitsplatz zu erhalten, ist entscheidend.
B1 noun /sɛks/

sex

Geschlecht
Meaning
the biological distinction between male and female; sexual activity
Example
He was asked about his sex at the doctor's office.
Er wurde im Arztbüro nach seinem Geschlecht gefragt.
B2 noun /ˈlaɪv.stɒk/

livestock

Vieh
Meaning
farm animals such as cattle, sheep, and pigs that are kept for use or profit
Example
The farmer raised livestock to supply meat and milk for the market.
Der Bauer züchtete Vieh, um Fleisch und Milch für den Markt bereitzustellen.
C1 noun /əˈluːʒən/

allusion

Andeutung
Meaning
An indirect reference to something without mentioning it explicitly.
Example
Her story contained an allusion to a famous myth.
Ihre Geschichte enthielt eine Andeutung auf einen berühmten Mythos.
C2 noun /ˈbɔːl.səm ˈæp.əl/

Balsam apple

bittergurke
Meaning
a bitter gourd vegetable with a bumpy green skin, also known as bitter melon
Example
Balsam apple is cooked with spices to reduce its bitter taste.
Bittergurke wird mit Gewürzen gekocht, um ihren bitteren Geschmack zu reduzieren.
B2 verb /ˌriː.kənˈsɪd.ər/

reconsider

überdenken
Meaning
to think about something again, especially to change a decision or opinion
Example
She decided to reconsider her decision about moving abroad.
Sie entschied sich, ihre Entscheidung, ins Ausland zu ziehen, zu überdenken.
C1 verb /ɪˈnjuːməˌreɪt/

enumerate

aufzählen
Meaning
to mention things one by one; to list or count
Example
She enumerated the reasons for her decision.
Sie zählte die Gründe für ihre Entscheidung auf.
A1 verb /let/

let

erlauben
Meaning
to allow someone to do something; to give permission
Example
Please let me help you with that task.
Bitte lassen Sie mich Ihnen bei dieser Aufgabe helfen.
B2 verb /rɪˈstreɪn/

restrain

einschränken
Meaning
to hold back or control; to limit or restrict
Example
Please restrain your dog.
Bitte kontrollieren Sie Ihren Hund.
B2 noun, verb /ˌɪnkənˈviːniəns/

inconvenience

Unannehmlichkeit
Meaning
trouble or difficulty caused to someone; to cause trouble or difficulty to someone
Example
We apologize for any inconvenience caused by the delay.
Wir entschuldigen uns für jede durch die Verzögerung verursachte Unannehmlichkeit.
B1 verb /ˈrɛdʒɪstər/

register

registrieren
Meaning
To enter or record officially on a list or in a book.
Example
You must register for the conference before the deadline.
Du musst dich für die Konferenz vor der Frist registrieren.
C2 adjective /ˈsækərɪn/

saccharine

Glück
Meaning
Excessively sweet or sentimental.
Example
His saccharine smile seemed insincere.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
A2 noun /dɪˈskʌʃən/

discussion

Diskussion
Meaning
The action or process of talking about something in order to reach a decision or share ideas.
Example
The project needs more discussion before moving forward.
Das Projekt braucht mehr Diskussion, bevor es weitergeht.
C2 noun /ˈbuː.jɒ̃/

bouillon

Brühe
Meaning
A clear, seasoned broth made by simmering meat, fish, or vegetables in water.
Example
She added vegetables to the bouillon for extra flavor.
Sie fügte Gemüse zur Brühe hinzu, um mehr Geschmack zu erhalten.
B2 noun /klɔː/

Claw

Kralle
Meaning
sharp curved nail on the foot of an animal or bird
Example
The cat extended its sharp claws to climb the tree.
Die Katze streckte ihre scharfen Krallen aus, um den Baum zu erklimmen.
B2 noun /stəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Stability

stabilität
Meaning
the state of being stable; firmness; steadiness
Example
Political stability is essential for economic growth.
Politische Stabilität ist entscheidend für das Wirtschaftswachstum.
C1 verb /luːt/

loot

plündern
Meaning
to steal goods, typically during war, riot, or chaos
Example
The rioters looted several shops during the protest.
Die Demonstranten plünderten mehrere Geschäfte während des Protests.
C2 noun /ˈɡæŋ.weɪ/

gangway

Gangway
Meaning
A narrow passage or walkway; also an exclamation used to clear the way.
Example
The sailors lowered the gangway for passengers to board.
Die Seeleute senkten das Gangway, damit die Passagiere einsteigen konnten.
B2 adverb /rɪˈpɔːtɪdli/

reportedly

berichtet
Meaning
according to what is said or believed, although not confirmed
Example
The company has reportedly agreed to the new terms.
Das Unternehmen hat reportedly den neuen Bedingungen zugestimmt.
B2 noun /ˈkɑn.trəˌvɜr.si/

Controversy

Kontroverse; Meinungsverschiedenheit
Meaning
prolonged public disagreement or heated discussion; a dispute or argument involving opposing viewpoints
Example
The new policy sparked a major controversy among the citizens.
Die neue Politik löste eine große Kontroverse unter den Bürgern aus.
C1 adjective /ˈvendʒ.fəl/

Vengeful

rächerisch
Meaning
seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury; vindictive
Example
She felt vengeful after her friend betrayed her trust.
Sie fühlte sich rachsüchtig, nachdem ihre Freundin ihr Vertrauen verraten hatte.
C2 adjective /ˈdaʊti/

doughty

tapfer
Meaning
brave, valiant, courageous
Example
The doughty soldier never backed down from a challenge.
Der tapfere Soldat wich nie vor einer Herausforderung zurück.
C1 verb /trænsˈɡrɛs/

transgress

überschreiten
Meaning
to go beyond the limits of a moral law, command, or boundary; to sin
Example
He apologized after realizing he had transgressed the community's rules.
Er entschuldigte sich, nachdem er erkannt hatte, dass er die Regeln der Gemeinschaft transgressiert hatte.
C1 noun ˌriː.pɚˈkʌʃ.ənz

repercussions

Folgen
Meaning
The unintended consequences or effects of an action or event.
Example
The new policy had unintended repercussions on the economy.
Die neue Politik hatte unbeabsichtigte Auswirkungen auf die Wirtschaft.
B2 noun /ˈoʊ.vər ɡroʊθ/

Over growth

Überwuchs
Meaning
excessive growth beyond normal size; too much development or expansion
Example
The overgrowth of weeds made the garden look untidy.
Der Überwuchs des Unkrauts ließ den Garten ungeordnet erscheinen.
C2 adjective /dɪˈkɔːrəs/

decourous

anständig
Meaning
characterized by propriety, good taste, and proper manners
Example
She maintained a decourous silence during the ceremony.
Sie bewahrte während der Zeremonie eine anständige Stille.
A1 noun /ˈflaʊər/

flower

Blume
Meaning
the seed-bearing part of a plant, often colorful and fragrant, that blossoms
Example
The garden was full of colorful flowers.
Der Garten war voller bunter Blumen.
B1 noun /ˈskwɪr.əl/

Squirrel

Eichhörnchen
Meaning
a small agile tree-dwelling rodent with a long bushy tail
Example
The squirrel gathered nuts for winter.
Das Eichhörnchen sammelte Nüsse für den Winter.
A2 noun /ˈɛndɪŋ/

ending

Ende
Meaning
the final part of something, such as a story, event, or period of time
Example
The movie had a surprising ending that no one expected.
Der Film hatte ein überraschendes Ende, das niemand erwartet hatte.
C1 noun /wɪk/

Wick

Docht einer Kerze
Meaning
a cord or strand of cotton that burns to provide light in a candle or lamp
Example
The candle wick needs to be trimmed for better burning.
Der Docht der Kerze muss gekürzt werden, um besser zu brennen.
A1 noun /ˈbaɪ.sɪ.kəl/

Bicycle

Fahrrad
Meaning
A vehicle with two wheels that you pedal to make it move
Example
She rides her bicycle to work every day.
Sie fährt jeden Tag mit dem Fahrrad zur Arbeit.
C2 noun /ˈmʌstərd ɔɪl/

Mustard Oil

Senföl
Meaning
oil extracted from mustard seeds, commonly used for cooking and medicinal purposes
Example
We use mustard oil for cooking vegetables in our kitchen.
Wir verwenden Senföl zum Kochen von Gemüse in unserer Küche.
B1 adjective /dɪsˈɡʌstɪŋ/

disgusting

ekelhaft
Meaning
extremely unpleasant or offensive; causing strong dislike or revulsion
Example
The smell coming from the trash can was absolutely disgusting.
Der Geruch aus dem Mülleimer war absolut ekelhaft.
B2 verb /mɛnd/

mend

reparieren
Meaning
To repair something that is broken or damaged.
Example
She learned to mend her torn dress.
Sie hat gelernt, ihr zerrissenes Kleid zu reparieren.
B2 noun /ˈkɒnsənənt/

consonant

Konsonant
Meaning
A speech sound produced by blocking air flow, or a letter representing such a sound.
Example
The word 'cat' has two consonants and one vowel.
Das Wort 'Katze' hat zwei Konsonanten und einen Vokal.
A1 noun /ˈbɛdruːm/

bedroom

Schlafzimmer
Meaning
A room used for sleeping in.
Example
The children were playing in the bedroom.
Die Kinder spielten im Schlafzimmer.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.kɪʃ/

Rakish

frech
Meaning
having a dashing, jaunty, or slightly disreputable quality or appearance
Example
He wore his hat at a rakish angle that gave him a charming appearance.
Er trug seinen Hut in einem frechen Winkel, was ihm ein charmantes Aussehen verlieh.
B2 verb /prɪˈzɜːv/

preserve

bewahren
Meaning
to keep something in its original state; to protect from harm or decay
Example
We must preserve our natural environment.
Wir müssen unsere natürliche Umwelt bewahren.
B2 noun /bætʃ/

batch

eine Menge von Artikeln, die auf einmal produziert oder verarbeitet werden
Meaning
a quantity of items produced or processed at one time
Example
She baked a fresh batch of cookies this morning.
Sie backte heute Morgen eine frische Charge Kekse.
C1 noun /ɪnˈvɜːrʒən/

inversion

Inversion
Meaning
A reversal of the normal order, position, or relationship.
Example
In poetry, inversion is often used to create emphasis.
In der Poesie wird die Inversion oft verwendet, um Nachdruck zu verleihen.
C2 noun /ˈsɛʃən/

cession

Abtretung von Rechten oder Eigentum
Meaning
The formal giving up of rights, property, or territory, especially by a state.
Example
The treaty resulted in the cession of land to the neighboring country.
Der Vertrag führte zur Abtretung von Land an das benachbarte Land.
B1 noun /ˈdaɪ.ə.lɑːɡ/

Dialogue

dialog; gespräch
Meaning
a conversation between two or more people; discussion aimed at exploration of a subject
Example
The political leaders engaged in meaningful dialogue to resolve the conflict.
Die politischen führer führten einen bedeutungsvollen dialog, um den konflikt zu lösen.
A2 noun /ˈriːdər/

reader

Leser
Meaning
a person who reads or who is capable of reading
Example
She is a fast reader, finishing books in a day.
Sie ist eine schnelle Leserin, die Bücher an einem Tag beendet.
C2 noun /lɔːˈdeɪʃən/

laudation

Lob
Meaning
The act of praising or expressing approval.
Example
The poet received much laudation for his moving verses.
Der Dichter erhielt viel Lob für seine bewegenden Verse.
C1 adjective /ˈven.ə.məs/

Venomous

giftig; bösartig;
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
Die giftige Schlange griff schnell ihr Opfer an.
B1 noun /kənˈsʌltənt/

consultant

Berater
Meaning
A professional who provides expert advice in a particular area.
Example
The company hired a consultant to improve its marketing strategy.
Das Unternehmen hat einen Berater eingestellt, um seine Marketingstrategie zu verbessern.
A2 adjective, adverb /ˈfæstər/

faster

schneller
Meaning
moving or able to move quickly; more quickly than usual
Example
This car is faster than the old one.
Dieses Auto ist schneller als das alte.
C1 verb /ˈtrɛspəs/

trespass

unbefugtes Betreten
Meaning
to enter someone's land or property without permission
Example
He was fined for trespassing on private land.
Er wurde wegen des Betretens von Privatgrundstücken ohne Erlaubnis bestraft.
B1 adverb /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/

significantly

signifikant
Meaning
in a way that is large or important enough to have an effect
Example
The economy has significantly improved over the last decade.
Die Wirtschaft hat sich in den letzten zehn Jahren signifikant verbessert.
C2 adjective /ˈmɛtrɪkəl/

metrical

metrisch
Meaning
Relating to or composed in a regular rhythmic pattern of beats or meter, especially in poetry.
Example
The poet carefully followed metrical rules in his verses.
Der Dichter folgte sorgfältig den metrischen Regeln in seinen Versen.
B2 noun /ˈen.ə.dʒi sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti/

energy security

Energiesicherheit
Meaning
The reliable availability of energy sources at an affordable price for a nation or region.
Example
Energy security ensures consistent supply.
Energiesicherheit stellt eine konstante Versorgung sicher.
B2 noun ˈfjuː.tʃɚ ˌdʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃənz

future generations

zukünftige Generationen
Meaning
People who have not yet been born, considered in terms of the environment or society they will inherit.
Example
Sustainable development ensures a better life for future generations.
Nachhaltige Entwicklung sichert den zukünftigen Generationen ein besseres Leben.
A1 adjective /naɪs/

Nice

nett; schön; zufriedenstellend; attraktiv
Meaning
pleasant; agreeable; satisfactory; good; attractive
Example
She wore a nice dress to the party.
Sie trug ein schönes Kleid zur Party.
C2 adverb /ˌfɔːrθˈwɪθ/

Forthwith

sofort; ohne Verzögerung; auf der Stelle
Meaning
immediately; without delay; at once
Example
The manager ordered the employee to stop the unsafe practice forthwith.
Der Manager befahl dem Mitarbeiter, die gefährliche Praxis sofort zu stoppen.
B2 adjective /ˈkɒŋ.kriːt/

Concrete

fest; real; greifbar; konkret
Meaning
solid; real; tangible; actual and specific
Example
We need concrete evidence to support our claims.
Wir benötigen konkrete Beweise, um unsere Behauptungen zu stützen.
B2 noun /ˌdʒen.əˈrɒs.ə.ti/

Generosity

Großzügigkeit
Meaning
the quality of being kind and generous; willingness to give money, help, kindness freely
Example
The billionaire's generosity was evident in his numerous charitable donations to hospitals.
Die Großzügigkeit des Milliardärs war in seinen zahlreichen wohltätigen Spenden an Krankenhäuser deutlich sichtbar.
B1 noun /ˈkaʊnti/

county

Landkreis
Meaning
A territorial division within a country, typically a region with its own local government.
Example
She grew up in a small county in northern England.
Sie wuchs in einem kleinen Landkreis im Norden Englands auf.
C2 noun /ˈzaɪtɡaɪst/

zeitgeist

Zeitgeist
Meaning
The defining spirit or mood of a particular period of history as shown by the ideas and beliefs of the time.
Example
The novel perfectly captures the zeitgeist of the 1960s.
Der Roman fängt perfekt den Zeitgeist der 1960er Jahre ein.
C2 adjective /pərˈspɪkjuəs/

perspicuous

klar
Meaning
Clearly expressed and easily understood; lucid.
Example
The teacher gave a perspicuous explanation of the theory.
Der Lehrer gab eine klare Erklärung der Theorie.
B1 adjective /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

historical

historisch
Meaning
Related to history or past events.
Example
The museum has a large collection of historical documents.
Das Museum hat eine große Sammlung historischer Dokumente.
C2 adjective /ˈæʒər/

azure

azur
Meaning
A bright blue color like that of a clear sky.
Example
The clear sky was painted in a deep shade of azure.
Der klare Himmel war in einem tiefen Azurblau gemalt.
C2 noun /ˈmɪsəl/

missal

Missa-Buch
Meaning
a book containing the texts used in the Catholic Mass throughout the year
Example
The priest read from the missal during the ceremony.
Der Priester las während der Zeremonie aus dem Missa-Buch.
C1 noun /ˈɑːrməri/

armory

Waffenlager
Meaning
A place where weapons are stored; a supply of resources or skills.
Example
The soldiers kept their weapons in the armory.
Die Soldaten bewahrten ihre Waffen im Waffenlager auf.
C2 noun /ˈæntiruːm/

anteroom

Vorrzimmer
Meaning
A small room leading to a main one, often used as a waiting area.
Example
The guests waited in the anteroom before being called inside.
Die Gäste warteten im Vorrzimmer, bevor sie hineingerufen wurden.
B2 noun /bɪˈtreɪəl/

Betrayal

Verrat; Treuebruch
Meaning
the action of betraying one's country, group, or person; disloyalty
Example
His betrayal of their friendship hurt her deeply.
Sein Verrat an ihrer Freundschaft verletzte sie tief.
B2 noun pɛsts

pests

Schädlinge, schädliche Tiere
Meaning
Harmful or troublesome creatures, especially insects or small animals that damage crops, food, or living spaces.
Example
Pests can damage crops and cause diseases.
Schädlinge können Ernten schädigen und Krankheiten verursachen.
B2 adjective /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/

fortunate

glücklich
Meaning
Having good luck or receiving something desirable by chance.
Example
She was fortunate to escape the accident without injuries.
Sie hatte Glück, den Unfall ohne Verletzungen zu überstehen.
C1 noun /læns/

Lance

Lanze
Meaning
a long weapon with a sharp metal point, used by soldiers on horseback
Example
The knight charged forward with his lance ready.
Der Ritter stürmte vorwärts mit seiner Lanze bereit.
A2 noun /kɑːrˈtuːn/

cartoon

Zeichentrickfilm
Meaning
a humorous or animated drawing, especially one in newspapers or television
Example
Children love watching cartoons on TV.
Kinder lieben es, Zeichentrickfilme im Fernsehen zu sehen.
C2 noun /ˌkɒnfəˈriː/

conferee

Teilnehmer der Konferenz
Meaning
a person who takes part in a conference
Example
Each conferee received a badge at the registration desk.
Jeder Teilnehmer der Konferenz erhielt ein Namensschild am Anmeldetisch.
A2 noun /ˈæk.tər/

Actor

Schauspieler
Meaning
a person whose profession is acting on the stage, in movies, or on television
Example
The famous actor won an award for his performance in the new movie.
Der berühmte Schauspieler gewann einen Preis für seine Leistung im neuen Film.
C1 noun /buːn/

boon

Segen
Meaning
A thing that is helpful or beneficial.
Example
The internet is a boon to modern education.
Das Internet ist ein Segen für die moderne Bildung.
B2 noun /əˌveɪləˈbɪləti/

availability

verfügbarkeit
Meaning
the state of being able to be used or obtained
Example
The availability of clean water is crucial for health.
Die Verfügbarkeit von sauberem Wasser ist entscheidend für die Gesundheit.
C1 noun prəˈfaʊnd ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

profound initiative

tiefgründige Initiative
Meaning
A deep, meaningful, and significant action or program designed to create change.
Example
A profound initiative can create sustainable changes.
Eine tiefgründige Initiative kann nachhaltige Veränderungen schaffen.
C1 noun /ˌdɒmɪˈneɪʃən/

domination

Herrschaft
Meaning
the exercise of control or influence over someone or something
Example
The empire sought domination over its neighbors.
Das Imperium strebte nach Herrschaft über seine Nachbarn.
C1 adjective /kɜːrt/

curt

kürz
Meaning
Rudely brief in speech or manner.
Example
His curt reply made everyone uncomfortable.
Seine kürzere Antwort machte alle unbehaglich.
B2 noun /præŋk/

prank

Streich
Meaning
A trick that is intended to be funny but not harmful.
Example
They played a harmless prank on their friend during the party.
Sie haben während der Party einen harmlosen Streich mit ihrem Freund gespielt.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtjuː.ɪ.tɪv/

intuitive

intuitiv
Meaning
Based on instinctive understanding rather than reasoning.
Example
The software has an intuitive design that makes it easy to use.
Die Software hat ein intuitives Design, das die Nutzung einfach macht.
C2 noun /ˌæriˈviːst/

arriviste

Neu-Reiche
Meaning
A person who has recently gained wealth or status but is considered arrogant or socially unsophisticated.
Example
The business world is full of ambitious arrivistes.
Die Geschäftswelt ist voller ehrgeiziger Neu-Reicher.
B1 verb /əˈkjuːz/

accuse

anklagen
Meaning
to charge someone with a crime or wrongdoing
Example
She accused him of stealing her wallet.
Sie hat ihn des Diebstahls ihrer Brieftasche angeklagt.
C2 adverb /ˈdɑːrklɪŋ/

darkling

im Dunkeln
Meaning
In the dark or growing dark; dimly.
Example
The forest creatures moved darkling through the night.
Die Waldbewohner bewegten sich im Dunkeln durch die Nacht.
C2 adjective /kənˈkɒmɪtənt/

concomitant

begleitend
Meaning
Naturally accompanying or associated with something.
Example
Increased stress is often concomitant with long working hours.
Erhöhter Stress geht oft mit langen Arbeitsstunden einher.
B1 noun, verb /ˈɡrædʒuət/ (noun), /ˈɡrædʒueɪt/ (verb)

graduate

Absolvent
Meaning
As a noun: a person who has completed a course of study; As a verb: to complete a course of study successfully.
Example
She will graduate from university next year.
Sie wird nächstes Jahr von der Universität abschließen.
C1 verb ɪˈnɔː.ɡjə.reɪ.tɪd

inaugurated

eingeweiht
Meaning
Begin or introduce (a system, policy, or period) formally.
Example
The organization was inaugurated officially.
Die Organisation wurde offiziell eingeweiht.
A1 noun/adjective /əˈmerɪkən/

american

amerikanisch
Meaning
relating to the United States or its people
Example
She is an American citizen.
Sie ist eine amerikanische Bürgerin.
C1 noun səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

sophistication

hoher Grad an Komplexität oder Raffinesse
Meaning
High level of complexity or refinement.
Example
The sophistication of modern AI technology is remarkable.
Die Raffinesse moderner KI-Technologie ist bemerkenswert.
A2 adjective /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

flying

fliegend
Meaning
able to move through the air; related to flight or aircraft
Example
The flying bird disappeared into the clouds.
Der fliegende Vogel verschwand in den Wolken.
B2 noun /ˌæbəˈlɪʃən/

abolition

Abschaffung
Meaning
the act of formally ending or eliminating a system, practice, or institution
Example
The abolition of slavery was a major milestone in human rights history.
Die Abschaffung der Sklaverei war ein wichtiger Meilenstein in der Geschichte der Menschenrechte.
C2 adjective /pərˈsuːənt/

pursuant

gemäß
Meaning
in accordance with or following something, especially a law or rule
Example
The decision was made pursuant to the regulations.
Die Entscheidung wurde gemäß den Vorschriften getroffen.
C2 verb /ˈɛkskʌlpeɪt/

exculpate

exkulpieren
Meaning
to show or declare that someone is not guilty of wrongdoing
Example
The lawyer worked hard to exculpate his client.
Der Anwalt hat hart gearbeitet, um seinen Mandanten zu exkulpieren.
B2 noun /ˌek.spekˈteɪ.ʃən/

Expectation

Erwartung; Hoffnung;
Meaning
a strong belief that something will happen or be the case; anticipation
Example
The new teacher exceeded everyone's expectations with her innovative teaching methods.
Die neue Lehrerin hat mit ihren innovativen Lehrmethoden die Erwartungen aller übertroffen.
C2 noun /ˈfɔːltˌfaɪndər/

faultfinder

Fehlerfinder
Meaning
a person who habitually finds fault with others
Example
He is such a faultfinder that nothing anyone does is ever good enough.
Er ist so ein Fehlerfinder, dass nichts, was jemand tut, jemals gut genug ist.
B1 adjective /əˈɡrɛsɪv/

aggressive

aggressiv
Meaning
ready or likely to attack or confront; forceful
Example
The salesman used an aggressive strategy to close the deal.
Der Verkäufer verwendete eine aggressive Strategie, um den Deal abzuschließen.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.hɑːrˈmɒn.ɪk/

philharmonic

mit einem Sinfonieorchester verbunden
Meaning
relating to a symphony orchestra or its music
Example
The philharmonic orchestra performed a stunning rendition of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony.
Das philharmonische Orchester führte eine beeindruckende Darbietung von Beethovens Neunter Sinfonie auf.
B2 noun /speɪd/

Spade

Schaufel
Meaning
a tool with a flat blade for digging; a playing card suit
Example
The gardener used a spade to dig holes for planting flowers.
Der Gärtner benutzte eine Schaufel, um Löcher zum Pflanzen von Blumen zu graben.
C2 adjective /ˈhɛtərəˌdɒks/

heterodox

heterodox
Meaning
not conforming with accepted or orthodox standards or beliefs
Example
The professor was known for his heterodox views on religion.
Der Professor war bekannt für seine heterodoxen Ansichten zur Religion.
A1 adjective /ɡriːn/

Green

grün
Meaning
of a color intermediate between blue and yellow in the spectrum; colored like grass or emeralds
Example
The green leaves on the trees look fresh after the rain.
Die grünen Blätter an den Bäumen sehen nach dem Regen frisch aus.
B2 noun /rɪˈmeɪn.dər/

Remainder

rest; was übrig bleibt
Meaning
the part that is left over; what remains after the other parts have been taken away
Example
The remainder of the food was stored in the refrigerator.
Der Rest des Essens wurde im Kühlschrank aufbewahrt.
B2 noun smɔːl ˈɛfərt

Small Effort

kleiner Aufwand
Meaning
Minor actions or initiatives that can collectively make a significant impact.
Example
Small efforts can bring big changes in butterfly conservation.
Kleine Anstrengungen können große Veränderungen im Schmetterlingsschutz bewirken.
C1 noun /prɪˈzʌmp.ʃən/

Presumption

Vermutung; Annahme;
Meaning
an idea that is taken to be true without proof
Example
There is a presumption of innocence in the legal system.
Im Rechtssystem gibt es eine Vermutung der Unschuld.
A1 adverb /æz/

As

während; weil; während der Zeit, die
Meaning
in the way that; while; because; during the time that
Example
As you grow older, you become wiser.
Während du älter wirst, wirst du weiser.
C1 noun /rɪˌmjuː.nəˈreɪ.ʃən/

Remuneration

Vergütung; Entlohnung; Belohnung
Meaning
money paid for work or services; compensation or reward
Example
The job offers excellent remuneration and benefits.
Der Job bietet eine ausgezeichnete Vergütung und Vorteile.
C1 noun /ˈpeɪθɒs/

pathos

Pathos
Meaning
a quality in speech, writing, or events that evokes pity or deep emotion
Example
The documentary balanced pathos with hope, making the audience both weep and think.
Die Dokumentation balancierte Pathos mit Hoffnung und brachte das Publikum sowohl zum Weinen als auch zum Nachdenken.
C1 noun /ˈnɛkˌlaɪn/

neckline

Ausschnitt
Meaning
the edge of a garment around the neck, especially as cut to form a particular shape
Example
The dress has a beautiful V-shaped neckline.
Das Kleid hat einen schönen V-förmigen Ausschnitt.
C1 verb প্রিসিপিটেট

precipitate

niederschlagen
Meaning
To fall from the sky as rain, snow, or other forms of water.
Example
Vapor precipitates as rain in warmer climates.
Dampf niederschlägt sich als Regen in wärmeren Klimazonen.
C2 verb /ˈæd.ʌm.breɪt/

adumbrate

vorhersagen
Meaning
to foreshadow or suggest something in an unclear or indirect way
Example
The report adumbrates future economic challenges.
Der Bericht sagt zukünftige wirtschaftliche Herausforderungen voraus.
B2 verb /ˈsteɪ.bə.laɪz/

stabilize

stabilisieren
Meaning
to make something steady, secure, or unlikely to change suddenly
Example
The government took measures to stabilize the economy.
Die Regierung ergriff Maßnahmen, um die Wirtschaft zu stabilisieren.
B2 noun /məˈskiː.toʊ net/

Mosquito-net

Moskitonetz
Meaning
a fine mesh fabric used to cover beds or windows to keep mosquitoes and other insects out
Example
We use a mosquito net to protect ourselves from insect bites.
Wir verwenden ein Moskitonetz, um uns vor Insektenstichen zu schützen.
B1 noun /ʌnˈhæp.i.nəs/

unhappiness

Unglück
Meaning
the state of being unhappy; sadness or dissatisfaction
Example
Her constant unhappiness affected everyone around her.
Ihr ständiges Unglück beeinflusste alle um sie herum.
B2 noun, verb /ˈdeɪ.bjuː/

debut

Debüt
Meaning
The first public appearance or performance of someone or something.
Example
The young actor made his debut on the big stage.
Der junge Schauspieler gab sein Debüt auf der großen Bühne.
C2 verb /ˈmɒlikɒdl/

mollycoddle

verhätscheln
Meaning
To treat someone in an overprotective and indulgent way.
Example
Parents should avoid mollycoddling their children too much.
Eltern sollten vermeiden, ihre Kinder zu sehr zu verwöhnen.
B2 adjective /ˈsɒl.ɪ.ter.i/

Solitary

einsam; isoliert; allein
Meaning
alone; without companions; single; isolated
Example
He lived a solitary life in the mountains.
Er lebte ein einsames Leben in den Bergen.
B2 verb /ʌpˈhoʊld/

uphold

aufrechterhalten
Meaning
to maintain or support a principle, law, or decision
Example
The judge promised to uphold justice at all costs.
Der Richter versprach, die Gerechtigkeit um jeden Preis aufrechtzuerhalten.
C1 adjective /ˈloʊli/

lowly

demütig
Meaning
humble in status, position, or manner
Example
She rose from a lowly position to become the company's CEO.
Sie stieg von einer niedrigen Position zur CEO des Unternehmens auf.
C1 noun /ˈɡoʊld.smɪθ/

Goldsmith

Goldschmied
Meaning
a person who makes or repairs articles of gold
Example
The goldsmith crafted a beautiful wedding ring.
Der Goldschmied hat einen schönen Ehering gefertigt.
A1 verb /send/

send

senden
Meaning
to cause something to go or be taken to a particular destination; to transmit
Example
I will send you an email with the details.
Ich werde dir eine E-Mail mit den Details senden.
C1 adjective /dɪˈpreɪvd/

depraved

verderbt
Meaning
morally corrupt or wicked
Example
The film depicts the life of a depraved criminal.
Der Film beschreibt das Leben eines verderbten Kriminellen.
B2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈpeɪ/

overpay

überbezahlen
Meaning
To pay more than is necessary or reasonable.
Example
She realized she had overpaid for the concert tickets.
Sie erkannte, dass sie für die Konzertkarten zu viel bezahlt hatte.