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C1 noun /ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪtər/

speculator

Spekulant
Meaning
A person who forms theories without evidence, or invests in assets hoping for profit.
Example
The real estate speculator bought land hoping its value would rise.
Der Immobilien-Spekulant kaufte Land in der Hoffnung, dass sein Wert steigen würde.
C1 noun, adjective /ˌpəʊstˈmɔːtəm/

postmortem

Obduktion
Meaning
An examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death.
Example
The doctor carried out a postmortem on the body.
Der Arzt führte eine Obduktion am Körper durch.
B2 verb ɪnˈhɑːnst

enhanced

verbessert
Meaning
Intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of something.
Example
Enhanced strategies improve outcomes.
Verbesserte Strategien verbessern die Ergebnisse.
C1 noun /ˈplæz.mə/

Plasma

flüssiger Teil des Blutes; ionisiertes Gas; Blutserum ohne Gerinnungsproteine
Meaning
the liquid part of blood; ionized gas; blood serum without clotting proteins
Example
Blood plasma contains various proteins and nutrients.
Blutplasma enthält verschiedene Proteine und Nährstoffe.
C1 noun /koʊlt/

Colt

Fohlen
Meaning
a young male horse, especially one under four years old
Example
The farmer trained the young colt to accept a saddle.
Der Bauer trainierte das junge Fohlen, um einen Sattel zu akzeptieren.
B2 noun /ˌɒpəˈzɪʃən/

opposition

Opposition
Meaning
the action of opposing or resisting something
Example
The opposition to the new law was strong.
Die Opposition gegen das neue Gesetz war stark.
C1 adjective /əˈbreɪsɪv/

abrasive

rau, grob oder fähig, durch Reibung abzunutzen
Meaning
harsh, rough, or capable of wearing down by rubbing
Example
His abrasive tone made everyone uncomfortable.
Sein rauer Ton hat alle unwohl gemacht.
A1 adjective /fɑːst/

Fast

schnell; rasch
Meaning
moving or happening quickly; rapid; swift
Example
She runs very fast in the morning.
Sie läuft sehr schnell am Morgen.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɪd.ju.əs/

deciduous

laubabwerfend
Meaning
Referring to trees that shed their leaves seasonally, typically in autumn.
Example
Oak and maple trees are deciduous, shedding leaves in autumn.
Eichen- und Ahornbäume sind laubabwerfend und werfen ihre Blätter im Herbst ab.
B2 noun ˌprɒd.ʌkˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

productivity

Produktivität
Meaning
The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input.
Example
Improved irrigation boosts productivity.
Verbesserte Bewässerung steigert die Produktivität.
B1 noun pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.pənts

participants

teilnehmer
Meaning
People who take part in something; those involved in an activity or event.
Example
Participants will enjoy breathtaking views.
Teilnehmer werden atemberaubende Ausblicke genießen.
C1 adverb /ˌmæθəˈmætɪkli/

mathematically

mathematisch
Meaning
in a way that relates to mathematics; using numbers, formulas, or logical calculation
Example
The problem can be solved mathematically rather than by guesswork.
Das Problem kann mathematisch statt durch Raten gelöst werden.
C1 verb /ˈheɪsən/

hasten

beschleunigen
Meaning
To move or act quickly; to cause something to happen sooner.
Example
He hastened to finish his work before the deadline.
Er beeilte sich, seine Arbeit vor der Frist zu beenden.
C2 noun ˈɛn.ɡræm

Engram

Physische Zeichen im Gehirn für die Speicherung und den Abruf von Erinnerungen
Meaning
Physical signs or patterns in the brain for memory storage and retrieval
Example
Scientists study engrams to understand how memories are stored.
Wissenschaftler studieren Engramme, um zu verstehen, wie Erinnerungen gespeichert werden.
C1 noun/verb /smʌdʒ/

smudge

Fleck, Schmutzmarke
Meaning
a dirty mark or smear; to make something dirty or unclear by rubbing or touching
Example
She accidentally smudged her lipstick on the napkin.
Sie hat versehentlich ihren Lippenstift auf der Serviette verschmiert.
B1 adjective /ˈskɪlfʊl/

Skilful

geschickt; fähig; kompetent
Meaning
having or showing skill; expert and accomplished
Example
The skilful surgeon performed the operation with great precision.
Der geschickte Chirurg führte die Operation mit großer Präzision durch.
C1 verb /ˈswɪndl/

swindle

betrügen
Meaning
to cheat someone out of money or possessions by deceit
Example
The con artist tried to swindle the old man out of his savings.
Der Betrüger versuchte, dem alten Mann seine Ersparnisse zu stehlen.
B2 noun /rɪˈsiː.vər/

Receiver

Empfänger
Meaning
a person or thing that receives something; the part of a telephone containing the earpiece and mouthpiece
Example
She picked up the receiver to answer the phone call.
Sie hob den Hörer ab, um den Anruf entgegenzunehmen.
B2 adjective /əˈɡriːəbl/

Agreeable

angenehm; angenehm; erfreulich; bereit zuzustimmen
Meaning
pleasant; enjoyable; delightful; willing to agree
Example
The weather is very agreeable today.
Das Wetter ist heute sehr angenehm.
A2 adjective /ˈreɡ.jə.lər/

Regular

regelmäßig
Meaning
happening at fixed intervals; consistent; normal; frequent
Example
She goes for regular exercise every morning at 6 AM.
Sie treibt jeden Morgen um 6 Uhr regelmäßig Sport.
C2 noun /bɛl/

belle

schöne Frau
Meaning
A beautiful woman, especially the most attractive woman at a gathering.
Example
She was the belle of the ball that evening.
Sie war die Schönheit des Balls an diesem Abend.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

unchanging

unverändert
Meaning
remaining the same over time; not changing
Example
Her love for her family was unchanging throughout the years.
Ihre Liebe zu ihrer Familie blieb über die Jahre unverändert.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊnsələr/

councillor

Ratsmitglied
Meaning
an elected member of a local council who helps make decisions and represent the community
Example
The councillor spoke to residents about improving local roads.
Das Ratsmitglied sprach über lokale Straßen.
C1 noun /dɪˈsɜːn.mənt/

discernment

Urteilsvermögen
Meaning
The ability to judge well or understand something correctly; keen insight.
Example
His discernment in business decisions made him successful.
Sein Urteilsvermögen in Geschäft Entscheidungen machte ihn erfolgreich.
A2 adjective /ˈmɪzɪkəl/

musical

musikalisch
Meaning
related to or consisting of music
Example
She has a very musical voice.
Sie hat eine sehr musikalische Stimme.
B1 noun /reɪ/

ray

Strahl
Meaning
a narrow beam of light, heat, or radiation
Example
A ray of sunlight broke through the clouds.
Ein Sonnenstrahl brach durch die Wolken.
B1 adjective ˈpræktɪkəl

practical

praktisch
Meaning
Concerned with actual use rather than theory; realistic and sensible.
Example
A practical approach is needed for solving complex problems.
Ein praktischer Ansatz ist notwendig, um komplexe Probleme zu lösen.
C2 noun /ˈdɪfɪdəns/

diffidence

Selbstzweifel
Meaning
Lack of self-confidence; shyness or modesty.
Example
Her diffidence made it hard for her to speak in public.
Ihre Selbstzweifel machten es ihr schwer, in der Öffentlichkeit zu sprechen.
C1 noun pɔɪz

poise

Selbstbewusstsein und Haltung
Meaning
Natural confidence and composure maintained under pressure.
Example
A good speaker maintains poise under pressure.
Ein guter Redner bewahrt seine Haltung unter Druck.
C1 noun /ˈnaɪt.fɔːl/

nightfall

Nachtfall
Meaning
the time when night begins; dusk
Example
They decided to return home before nightfall.
Sie entschieden, vor Einbruch der Nacht nach Hause zurückzukehren.
C1 adjective ˌɡæs.troʊ.ɪnˈtes.tɪ.nəl

gastrointestinal

gastrointestinal
Meaning
Relating to the stomach and intestines.
Example
Spicy food can cause gastrointestinal issues.
Würziges Essen kann gastrointestinale Probleme verursachen.
C2 noun /ɪˈlɛk.trə.taɪp/

electrotype

Elektrotyp
Meaning
A duplicate printing plate made by electroplating a mold of the original.
Example
The printer used an electrotype to produce multiple copies of the page.
Der Drucker benutzte ein Elektrotyp, um mehrere Kopien der Seite zu erstellen.
C2 noun /ˈdʒɪŋɡoʊɪst/

jingoist

Jingoist
Meaning
a person who supports jingoism; an extreme nationalist with aggressive foreign policies
Example
He was labeled a jingoist for his extreme views.
Er wurde wegen seiner extremen Ansichten als Jingoist bezeichnet.
C2 adverb /bɪˈtaɪmz/

betimes

früh
Meaning
early; in good time
Example
She rose betimes to finish her work.
Sie stand früh auf, um ihre Arbeit zu beenden.
B1 noun ˈθer.ə.pi

therapy

Therapie
Meaning
Treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder; the treatment of a mental or physical disorder.
Example
Gene therapy offers hope for genetic disorders.
Gentherapie bietet Hoffnung für genetische Störungen.
B2 noun /ˈsɛtlər/

settler

Siedler
Meaning
a person who settles in a new area or land
Example
The settlers arrived in the new town and started building homes.
Die Siedler kamen in die neue Stadt und begannen, Häuser zu bauen.
A1 adjective /ˈsɪmpəl/

Simple

einfach; simpel; unkompliziert
Meaning
easy to understand or do; not complicated
Example
This is a simple recipe that anyone can follow.
Das ist ein einfaches Rezept, dem jeder folgen kann.
A1 verb /hoʊp/

hope

hoffen
Meaning
to expect and desire that something will happen
Example
I hope it doesn't rain tomorrow.
Ich hoffe, dass es morgen nicht regnet.
B1 adjective /ɪˈliː.ɡəl/

illegal

illegal
Meaning
Not allowed by law; unlawful.
Example
It is illegal to drive without a valid license.
Es ist illegal, ohne gültigen Führerschein zu fahren.
C2 adjective /kəˈdævərəs/

cadaverous

leichenhaft
Meaning
Resembling a corpse; very pale, thin, or bony.
Example
His cadaverous appearance shocked everyone at the party.
Sein leichenhafter Anblick schockierte alle auf der Party.
B2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbəl/

Irresistible

unwiderstehlich
Meaning
too attractive and tempting to be resisted; impossible to resist
Example
The chocolate cake was absolutely irresistible.
Der Schokoladenkuchen war absolut unwiderstehlich.
C1 noun ˈæltruɪzəm

altruism

Altruismus, selbstlose Sorge um das Wohl anderer
Meaning
The belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others.
Example
His altruism motivated others to volunteer.
Sein Altruismus motivierte andere, sich freiwillig zu engagieren.
C2 noun /tɑːrn/

tarn

Bergsee
Meaning
A small mountain lake or pool.
Example
We camped near a tranquil tarn in the highlands.
Wir campierten in der Nähe eines ruhigen Bergsees in den Highlands.
C1 verb ˌæs.ɚˈteɪn

ascertain

verifizieren
Meaning
To find out or discover something with certainty; to verify.
Example
The police tried to ascertain the cause of the accident.
Die Polizei versuchte, die Ursache des Unfalls zu überprüfen.
B2 noun /dɪsˈrʌp.ʃən/

disruption

Störung
Meaning
Barrier or interruption, sudden disturbance in any process or service.
Example
The road construction caused major disruption in traffic flow.
Der Straßenbau verursachte eine große Störung im Verkehrsfluss.
C1 noun /pəˈθɒlədʒi/

pathology

Pathologie
Meaning
the scientific study of diseases, their causes, processes, and effects on the body
Example
Advances in pathology helped the doctors identify the rare infection quickly.
Fortschritte in der Pathologie halfen den Ärzten, die seltene Infektion schnell zu identifizieren.
C1 adjective /səbˈdʒɛktɪv/

subjective

subjektiv
Meaning
based on personal feelings, tastes, or opinions rather than facts
Example
Beauty is often considered a subjective concept.
Schönheit wird oft als ein subjektives Konzept betrachtet.
A2 adjective, noun /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

favorite

Lieblings
Meaning
Preferred over all others; something or someone especially liked.
Example
Chocolate is my favorite ice cream flavor.
Schokolade ist mein Lieblingseisgeschmack.
B2 verb /ɪmˈbɑːrk/

embark

sich auf eine Reise begeben
Meaning
to begin a journey, project, or activity
Example
She decided to embark on a new career in medicine.
Sie entschied sich, eine neue Karriere in der Medizin zu beginnen.
B1 verb /ɪɡˈzæm.ɪn/

examine

Glück
Meaning
to look at something carefully in order to understand it
Example
The doctor will examine the patient tomorrow.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
A1 noun/adjective /əˈmerɪkən/

american

amerikanisch
Meaning
relating to the United States or its people
Example
She is an American citizen.
Sie ist eine amerikanische Bürgerin.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrmənt/

interment

Beerdigung
Meaning
The act of burying a dead body in a grave or tomb.
Example
The interment took place at the family cemetery.
Die Beerdigung fand auf dem Familienfriedhof statt.
B2 noun/verb /ɔːˈdɪʃən/

audition

Vorsprechen
Meaning
A trial performance by an actor, singer, or musician to demonstrate suitability for a role.
Example
She auditioned for the lead role in the school play.
Sie hat für die Hauptrolle im Schulstück vorgesprochen.
A2 noun ˈpʌblɪk træns ˈpɔːt

public transport

öffentliche Verkehrsmittel
Meaning
Transportation systems available for use by the general public, typically including buses, trains, and metros.
Example
Public transport systems are essential for reducing traffic congestion.
Öffentliche Verkehrsmittel sind entscheidend, um den Verkehrsstaus zu reduzieren.
C1 adjective /ˈwɒŋki/

Wonky

instabil; unzuverlässig; funktioniert nicht richtig
Meaning
unstable; unreliable; not working properly
Example
The old chair was wonky and wobbled every time someone sat on it.
Der alte Stuhl war instabil und wackelte jedes Mal, wenn sich jemand darauf setzte.
C1 verb /səbˈvɜːrt/

subvert

untergraben
Meaning
to undermine or overthrow an established system, authority, or institution
Example
The rebels tried to subvert the government.
Die Rebellen versuchten, die Regierung zu stürzen.
C2 noun, adjective, verb /ˈrɛprəˌbeɪt/

reprobate

unmoralische Person
Meaning
A person of immoral character; to express disapproval of; morally corrupt.
Example
The old reprobate spent his days gambling and drinking.
Der alte Reprobate verbrachte seine Tage mit Glücksspiel und Trinken.
C1 noun /kliːˈʃeɪ/

cliche

Klümpchen
Meaning
An overused expression or idea that has lost its originality or impact.
Example
The speech was filled with old clichés that failed to inspire the audience.
Die Rede war voll von alten Klischees, die das Publikum nicht inspirieren konnten.
B1 verb/noun /ˈdiːkriːs/ (noun), /dɪˈkriːs/ (verb)

decrease

verringern
Meaning
To become or make something smaller or fewer in number, amount, or degree.
Example
The population of the town has decreased over the years.
Die Bevölkerung der Stadt ist über die Jahre gesunken.
C2 noun /ˈlɪbərˌtiːn/

libertine

unmoralische Person
Meaning
A person who behaves without moral principles, especially in sexual matters.
Example
The novel depicted the reckless life of a libertine in 18th century France.
Der Roman beschrieb das ungezähmte Leben eines Libertins im Frankreich des 18. Jahrhunderts.
B2 noun /ˈdeb.riː/

debris

Trümmer
Meaning
Scattered pieces of waste or remains.
Example
Debris in the eyes causes irritation.
Trümmer in den Augen verursachen Irritationen.
B2 noun /dʒɜːrk/

Jerk

Ruck; Stoß; Dussel
Meaning
a quick, sharp, sudden movement; an abrupt pull or twist; a foolish person
Example
The sudden jerk of the train caused passengers to lose their balance momentarily.
Der plötzliche Ruck des Zuges ließ die Passagiere das Gleichgewicht für einen Moment verlieren.
B2 noun /ˈhɑːrd.ʃɪp/

Hardship

Schwierigkeit, Leiden
Meaning
severe suffering or privation; difficulty or distress
Example
Despite facing many hardships during the war, the family remained united and hopeful.
Trotz vieler Entbehrungen im Krieg blieb die Familie vereint und voller Hoffnung.
C2 verb /ˌdɪskəmˈpoʊz/

discompose

verwirren
Meaning
To disturb the order or calmness of something or someone.
Example
The unexpected question seemed to discompose her.
Die unerwartete Frage schien sie aus der Fassung zu bringen.
A2 noun /ˈɡraʊnd flɔːr/

ground floor

Erdgeschoss
Meaning
the floor of a building at ground level; the starting level of an organization or activity
Example
The grocery shop is located on the ground floor of the building.
Der Lebensmittelladen ist im Erdgeschoss.
A2 verb /ˈrɛkəɡnaɪz/

recognize

erkennen, akzeptieren
Meaning
To identify someone or something seen before; to acknowledge or accept.
Example
She did not recognize him in the crowd.
Sie hat ihn in der Menge nicht erkannt.
A1 verb /ɡet/

get

bekommen
Meaning
to obtain, receive, or acquire something
Example
I need to get some milk from the store.
Ich muss Milch aus dem Laden holen.
C2 noun /kɒnˌtek.stʃu.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

contextualization

Kontextualisierung
Meaning
The process of placing something in its proper context or setting to understand it better.
Example
Contextualization of historical events helps students understand them better.
Die Kontextualisierung historischer Ereignisse hilft den Studenten, diese besser zu verstehen.
A2 noun /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsɪti/

electricity

Strom
Meaning
A form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles.
Example
The storm caused a power cut and we had no electricity.
Der Sturm verursachte einen Stromausfall und wir hatten keinen Strom.
C1 verb /pɜːrdʒ/

purge

säubern
Meaning
To remove unwanted feelings, people, or things; to cleanse or purify.
Example
The new leader promised to purge corruption from the government.
Der neue Führer versprach, die Korruption aus der Regierung zu säubern.
B2 adjective /ˈneɪvəl/

naval

marine
Meaning
relating to a country's navy or military ships
Example
The country invested heavily in naval defense.
Das Land investierte stark in die marine Verteidigung.
C2 verb /ˈtɛmpəˌraɪz/

temporize

aufschieben
Meaning
To delay making a decision or taking action in order to gain time.
Example
The politician temporized when asked about the controversial issue.
Der Politiker schob auf, als er nach dem umstrittenen Thema gefragt wurde.
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪt.ləs/

Sightless

blind; ohne Sicht
Meaning
unable to see; blind; lacking vision
Example
The sightless man navigated the street with his guide dog.
Der blinde Mann navigierte die Straße mit seinem Führhund.
B2 adjective /ˈneɪbərɪŋ/

neighboring

benachbart
Meaning
situated near or next to another place; adjacent or nearby.
Example
They visited a neighboring village for the festival.
Sie besuchten ein benachbartes Dorf für das Festival.
C1 verb, noun /ˈbʌsəl/

bustle

Geschäftigkeit, Trubel
Meaning
to move in an energetic or noisy manner; busy activity in a place
Example
The marketplace bustled with vendors and customers.
Der Marktplatz war voller Verkäufer und Kunden.
A1 adjective /ɪmˈpɔː.tənt/

important

wichtig
Meaning
Of great significance or value; likely to have a profound effect on success, survival, or well-being.
Example
Important steps must be taken to address pollution.
Wichtige Schritte müssen unternommen werden, um die Verschmutzung zu bekämpfen.
C1 verb /wɛt/

whet

schärfen/anregen
Meaning
To sharpen the blade of a tool or to stimulate interest or appetite.
Example
The smell of food whetted my appetite.
Der Geruch von Essen hat meinen Appetit angeregt.
A1 noun /hɔːrs/

Horse

Pferd
Meaning
a large domesticated mammal used for riding and pulling loads
Example
The horse galloped across the field with great speed.
Das Pferd galoppierte mit großer Geschwindigkeit über das Feld.
C1 verb /ˈkæp.saɪz/

capsize

kentern
Meaning
to overturn in the water
Example
The small fishing boat capsized during the storm.
Das kleine Fischerboot kenterte während des Sturms.
C1 phrase ˈiː.kəʊˌsɪs.təm kəˈlæps

ecosystem collapse

Zusammenbruch des Ökosystems
Meaning
The complete breakdown of an ecological system, resulting in the inability to maintain its structure and function.
Example
Unchecked deforestation can lead to ecosystem collapse.
Unkontrollierte Abholzung kann zum Zusammenbruch des Ökosystems führen.
C2 adjective /ˌʌnprəˈpɪʃəs/

unpropitious

ungünstig
Meaning
Not giving or indicating a good chance of success; unfavorable.
Example
The team began their journey under unpropitious weather conditions.
Das Team begann seine Reise unter ungünstigen Wetterbedingungen.
B2 verb /ɡraɪnd/

grind

mahlen
Meaning
to crush into small particles; to work hard
Example
She grinds coffee beans every morning.
Sie mahlt jeden Morgen Kaffeebohnen.
B2 adjective ˌæɡ.rɪˈkʌl.tʃər.əl

agricultural

agrarisch
Meaning
Connected with farming.
Example
Agricultural advancements enhance food security.
Agrarische Fortschritte verbessern die Ernährungssicherheit.
B2 adjective /rɪˈsɔːrsfəl/

resourceful

einfallsreich
Meaning
Having the ability to find quick and clever ways to overcome difficulties.
Example
She is very resourceful when it comes to solving unexpected problems.
Sie ist sehr einfallsreich, wenn es darum geht, unerwartete Probleme zu lösen.
C2 noun /ˈhɪlək/

hillock

Hügelchen
Meaning
A small hill or mound.
Example
The children climbed up the grassy hillock to watch the sunset.
Die Kinder kletterten auf das grasbewachsene Hügelchen, um den Sonnenuntergang zu sehen.
B2 adjective /dɪsˈɡʌstɪd/

disgusted

angewidert
Meaning
feeling a strong sense of dislike or revulsion
Example
She was disgusted by the way he treated the animals.
Sie war angewidert von der Art, wie er die Tiere behandelte.
C2 verb /ˈdʒæbər/

jabber

plappern
Meaning
To talk quickly and excitedly but with little sense.
Example
The children jabbered happily after the show.
Die Kinder plapperten fröhlich nach der Show.
C1 adjective ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.lənt

vigilant

wachsam
Meaning
Keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties; alert and watchful.
Example
The guards remained vigilant throughout the night.
Die Wachen blieben die ganze Nacht über wachsam.
C1 adjective /ˌsɛlf ɪˈfeɪsɪŋ/

self-effacing

bescheiden
Meaning
not drawing attention to oneself; modest
Example
Despite his success, he remained self-effacing and humble.
Trotz seines Erfolges blieb er bescheiden und demütig.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

irreparabel
Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
Der Unfall verursachte irreparable Schäden an seiner Wirbelsäule.
B2 adjective /ˌbaɪəˈlɒdʒɪkl̩/

biological

biologisch
Meaning
relating to the science of biology or to life and living organisms
Example
She is studying biological sciences at university.
Sie studiert biologische Wissenschaften an der Universität.
C1 noun /ˌprɑːfɪˈtɪr/

profiteer

Profitgieriger
Meaning
a person who makes excessive profits, especially unfairly or illegally
Example
The government punished war profiteers.
Die Regierung bestrafte die Kriegsprofiteure.
B2 adjective /ˌʌnˈkɔːrdɪneɪtɪd/

uncoordinated

unkoordiniert; ungeschickt
Meaning
lacking coordination, not well-organized or clumsy in movement
Example
His movements were uncoordinated, making him prone to accidents.
Seine Bewegungen waren unkoordiniert, was ihn anfällig für Unfälle machte.
B1 noun kəˈmɪt.mənts

commitments

verpflichtungen
Meaning
Formal pledges or promises to do something, especially in terms of obligations or agreements.
Example
Global commitments to renewable energy are increasing.
Globale Verpflichtungen für erneuerbare Energien nehmen zu.
B2 noun /ˈhaʊs boʊt/

House boat

Hausboot
Meaning
a boat that has been designed or modified to be used primarily as a home
Example
They spent their vacation on a beautiful house boat in the lake.
Sie verbrachten ihren Urlaub auf einem schönen Hausboot im See.
C2 noun /ˈɡæŋ.ɡriːn/

gangrene

Gangrän
Meaning
The death of body tissue due to lack of blood supply or infection.
Example
If untreated, the wound may lead to gangrene.
Wenn unbehandelt, kann die Wunde zu Gangrän führen.
C1 adjective /ˈnɔɪz.ləs/

Noiseless

geräuschlos; völlig still
Meaning
making no sound; completely silent
Example
She moved through the house in noiseless steps so as not to wake the baby.
Sie ging lautlos durchs Haus, um das Baby nicht zu wecken.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈɪntrəstɪd/

disinterested

desinteressiert
Meaning
not influenced by personal interest; impartial or neutral
Example
The judge remained disinterested in the case.
Der Richter blieb im Fall desinteressiert.
B2 adjective /kəmˈpærətɪv/

Comparative

vergleichend
Meaning
involving comparison between two or more things; relative
Example
The study showed comparative results between different teaching methods.
Die Studie zeigte vergleichende Ergebnisse zwischen verschiedenen Lehrmethoden.
B2 verb /ˈmɒdənaɪz/

modernize

modernisieren
Meaning
To adapt something to modern needs or styles; to update or improve.
Example
The company plans to modernize its IT infrastructure.
Das Unternehmen plant, seine IT-Infrastruktur zu modernisieren.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrdʒər/

forger

Fälscher
Meaning
a person who makes fake documents, artworks, or signatures
Example
The police arrested a forger who had been selling counterfeit paintings.
Die Polizei hat einen Fälscher verhaftet, der gefälschte Gemälde verkauft hatte.
B1 noun /ˈleɪ.bəl/

Label

Etikett
Meaning
a small piece of paper or material attached to something to identify or describe it
Example
Please read the label carefully before taking any medication.
Bitte lesen Sie das Etikett sorgfältig, bevor Sie Medikamente einnehmen.
B2 noun/verb /rɪˈmɑːrk/

remark

Bemerkung
Meaning
something that is said; a comment
Example
She made a remark about the weather.
Sie machte eine Bemerkung über das Wetter.
C2 adjective /ˌɒbsəˈlɛsnt/

obsolescent

veraltet
Meaning
Becoming outdated or on the way to becoming obsolete.
Example
The obsolescent technology could not compete with modern devices.
Die veraltete Technologie konnte nicht mit modernen Geräten konkurrieren.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtrɛpɪd/

intrepid

unerschrocken
Meaning
fearless and adventurous, often used humorously
Example
The intrepid traveler explored the jungle alone.
Der unerschrockene Reisende erkundete den Dschungel alleine.
C2 adjective /kəˈrɛlətɪv/

correlative

korrelativ
Meaning
having a mutual relationship; corresponding
Example
The increase in temperature is correlative with the melting of glaciers.
Der Temperaturanstieg ist korrelativ mit dem Schmelzen der Gletscher.
A2 verb /sɜːrv/

serve

servieren
Meaning
to provide service; to work for; to offer food or drink
Example
She serves breakfast at 8 AM every morning.
Sie serviert Frühstück um 8 Uhr morgens.
C1 verb /nəˈsɛsɪteɪt/

necessitate

notwendig machen
Meaning
To make something necessary or unavoidable.
Example
The heavy rains necessitated the cancellation of the event.
Die schweren Regenfälle machten die Absage der Veranstaltung unvermeidlich.
B1 noun /ˈsɛtɪŋ/

setting

Szenerie
Meaning
the environment or place where something happens
Example
The setting of the movie was a beautiful beach.
Der Schauplatz des Films war ein schöner Strand.
B2 noun /səˈraʊn.dɪŋz/

surroundings

Umgebung
Meaning
The area around a person, place, or thing.
Example
She quickly adapted to her new surroundings.
Sie hat sich schnell an ihre neue Umgebung angepasst.
C1 adjective /dɪˈklærətɪv/

declarative

aussagend
Meaning
relating to a statement that declares something; in grammar, a sentence that makes a statement
Example
A declarative sentence simply states a fact or opinion.
Ein aussagender Satz stellt einfach eine Tatsache oder Meinung dar.
B2 verb /doʊz/

doze

dösen
Meaning
To sleep lightly for a short time.
Example
He dozed off while reading the book.
Er döste beim Lesen des Buches ein.
C1 verb /səˈplænt/

supplant

ersetzen
Meaning
To take the place of something or someone, often by force or strategy.
Example
Digital platforms have supplanted traditional newspapers.
Digitale Plattformen haben traditionelle Zeitungen ersetzt.
B2 noun, verb /blæst/

blast

Explosion, starker Schlag
Meaning
a strong gust of wind, an explosion, or a loud sound; to destroy or shatter by explosion
Example
The explosion sent a powerful blast through the building.
Die Explosion schickte einen kräftigen Schlag durch das Gebäude.
C2 verb /ˈræpsəˌdaɪz/

rhapsodize

schwärmen
Meaning
to speak or write with great enthusiasm and admiration
Example
He would often rhapsodize about his travels to Europe.
Er sprach oft mit Begeisterung über seine Reisen nach Europa.
B2 noun /ˈten.dər.nəs/

Tenderness

Zartheit
Meaning
gentleness and kindness; the quality of being easily hurt or damaged
Example
The mother showed great tenderness while caring for her sick child.
Die Mutter zeigte große Zartheit, als sie sich um ihr krankes Kind kümmerte.
C1 adjective /ˈkʌlpəbl̩/

culpable

schuldig
Meaning
deserving blame or responsibility for a wrongdoing
Example
The judge found him culpable for the accident.
Der Richter erklärte ihn für den Unfall schuldig.
B1 noun /lɔːn/

Lawn

Rasen
Meaning
an area of short, regularly mown grass in the grounds of a house or in a park
Example
She waters the lawn every morning.
Sie gießt den Rasen jeden Morgen.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈpæʃənət/

dispassionate

unbeteiligt
Meaning
not influenced by strong emotion; impartial
Example
The judge remained dispassionate throughout the trial.
Der Richter blieb während des gesamten Prozesses unbeteiligt.
C2 noun /mæn əv wɔːr/

Man of war

Kriegsschiff
Meaning
a warship; a naval vessel equipped with weapons for warfare
Example
The man of war sailed across the ocean to defend the coast.
Das Kriegsschiff segelte über den Ozean, um die Küste zu verteidigen.
C1 adjective /ˈpraɪ.məl/

primal

ursprünglich, wesentlich
Meaning
Relating to the earliest stage of development; essential or fundamental.
Example
Fear is one of the most primal emotions humans experience.
Angst ist eine der primitivsten Emotionen, die Menschen erleben.