reduced
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Englisch BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Spanisch FR Französisch DE Deutsch RU Russisch ZH Chinesisch JA Japanisch
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
B1 verb rɪˈdjuːst

reduced

reduzieren
Meaning
Make smaller or less in amount, degree, or size.
Example
Singapore has reduced plastic usage significantly.
Singapur hat den Plastikverbrauch erheblich reduziert.
A2 noun /reɪt/

rate

satz
Meaning
the cost or price of something, or the amount at which something happens
Example
The rate of inflation is increasing every year.
Der Inflationssatz steigt jedes Jahr.
B2 noun, verb /ræŋks/

ranks

Ränge
Meaning
Positions within a group, especially in a hierarchy or organization.
Example
He quickly moved up the ranks of the army.
Er stieg schnell in den Rängen der Armee auf.
C1 verb /rɪˈvoʊk/

revoke

widerrufen
Meaning
To officially cancel or withdraw a decision, privilege, or right.
Example
The government decided to revoke his passport.
Die Regierung entschied, seinen Reisepass zu widerrufen.
C1 noun /ˈruːdɪmənt/

rudiment

Grundlagen
Meaning
A basic principle, element, or fundamental part of something.
Example
He learned the rudiments of music before joining the band.
Er lernte die rudimentären Grundlagen der Musik, bevor er der Band beitrat.
B2 noun /ˈruːmər/

rumor

Gerücht
Meaning
a currently circulating story or report of uncertain or doubtful truth.
Example
There’s a rumor that the company will merge next year.
Es gibt ein Gerücht, dass das Unternehmen im nächsten Jahr fusionieren wird.
B1 adjective /ˈrʊr.əl/

Rural

ländlich
Meaning
relating to the countryside; characteristic of farming or country life
Example
She grew up in a rural area far from the city.
Sie wuchs in einer ländlichen Gegend weit außerhalb der Stadt auf.
C2 noun /ˈreɪdɪks/

radix

Basis
Meaning
the base or root of something; the number on which a system of numeration is built
Example
In mathematics, the decimal system has a radix of ten.
In der Mathematik hat das Dezimalsystem eine Basis von zehn.
A2 noun /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

running

laufen
Meaning
the action or sport of running
Example
Running every morning keeps me healthy.
Jeden Morgen laufen hält mich gesund.
C1 adjective /ˈræmʃækəl/

ramshackle

baufällig
Meaning
poorly built or maintained; in a state of disrepair
Example
They lived in a ramshackle old house on the edge of town.
Sie lebten in einem baufälligen alten Haus am Rande der Stadt.
C2 adjective /rɪˈfrɪndʒənt/

refringent

refraktierend
Meaning
Capable of refracting light or other waves.
Example
The refringent properties of the crystal bent the light into a spectrum.
Die refraktierenden Eigenschaften des Kristalls bogen das Licht in ein Spektrum.
C1 noun /rʌsk/

Rusk

trockenes Gebäck; Zwieback
Meaning
a hard, dry biscuit or twice-baked bread; a type of crisp, sweet biscuit
Example
The baby enjoyed eating the soft rusk with milk.
Das Baby genoss es, den weichen Rusk mit Milch zu essen.
C2 noun /ˈræʃənəlɪzəm/

rationalism

Rationalismus
Meaning
a belief or theory that opinions and actions should be based on reason and knowledge rather than religious belief or emotion
Example
Rationalism emphasizes logic and reasoning over faith.
Der Rationalismus betont Logik und Vernunft über den Glauben.
A1 adjective /ˈrɛd.i/

ready

bereit
Meaning
Prepared or available for use or action.
Example
She was ready to leave for the airport.
Sie war bereit, zum Flughafen zu gehen.
A2 noun /rɒk/

rock

Felsen
Meaning
a large, solid piece of mineral matter
Example
The mountain was made of solid rock.
Der Berg war aus festem Felsen.
B2 noun /ˌrezəˈveɪʃən/

Reservation

Reservierung
Meaning
the action of reserving something; an arrangement whereby something is reserved for a particular person; a qualification to an expression of agreement or approval
Example
I made a reservation at the restaurant for tonight.
Ich habe eine Reservierung im Restaurant für heute Abend gemacht.
C2 adjective /ˈræfɪʃ/

raffish

unkonventionell und leicht anrüchig, aber attraktiv
Meaning
unconventional and slightly disreputable but attractive
Example
He had a raffish charm that made him popular in the city.
Er hatte einen raffish Charme, der ihn in der Stadt beliebt machte.
B1 noun /rɪˈfjuːz/

Refuse

Abfall; Ablehnung
Meaning
waste material; garbage; to decline or reject something
Example
Please put the refuse in the designated bins.
Bitte werfen Sie den Abfall in die vorgesehenen Behälter.
B2 noun /ˈroʊstɪd miːt/

Roasted meat

geröstetes Fleisch
Meaning
meat cooked by dry heat in an oven or over fire
Example
The roasted meat was perfectly seasoned and tender.
Das geröstete Fleisch war perfekt gewürzt und zart.
C2 adjective /ˈruːnɪk/

runic

mit Runen verbunden
Meaning
relating to or consisting of runes; mysterious or magical
Example
The old stone had strange runic carvings on it.
Der alte Stein hatte seltsame runische Schnitzereien darauf.
C1 noun /rɪˈteɪnər/

retainer

Vorauszahlung / Retainer
Meaning
a fee paid in advance to secure someone's services, or a device that holds something in place
Example
The lawyer asked for a retainer before taking the case.
Der Anwalt verlangte eine Vorauszahlung, bevor er den Fall übernahm.
C2 noun /ˈrɛkjʊzənt/

recusant

Widerspenstiger
Meaning
a person who refuses to submit to authority or comply with rules
Example
The recusant opposed the new law.
Der Widerspenstiger lehnte das neue Gesetz ab.
B1 adjective /rɪˈmoʊt/

remote

abgelegen
Meaning
Situated far from the main centers of population; distant.
Example
They stayed in a remote village during their trip.
Sie blieben in einem abgelegenen Dorf während ihrer Reise.
C1 noun /rɪˈpen.təns/

Repentance

Buße
Meaning
the action of repenting; sincere regret or remorse
Example
His genuine repentance moved everyone in the courtroom.
Seine echte Buße bewegte alle im Gerichtssaal.
C1 noun /roʊt/

rote

auswendig lernen
Meaning
mechanical or habitual repetition, often without understanding
Example
He learned the poem by rote without understanding its meaning.
Er lernte das Gedicht auswendig, ohne seinen Sinn zu verstehen.
B2 noun /rɪˈzembləns/

Resemblance

Ähnlichkeit
Meaning
the state of being alike or similar; similarity in appearance or character
Example
There's a strong resemblance between the two sisters.
Es gibt eine starke Ähnlichkeit zwischen den beiden Schwestern.
C2 noun /rɪˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/

recrimination

Gegenvorwurf
Meaning
an accusation made in response to an accusation; mutual blaming
Example
The debate quickly descended into mutual recriminations.
Die Debatte verwandelte sich schnell in gegenseitige Gegenvorwürfe.
A2 adverb /ˈrɑː.ðər/

Rather

eher; statt;
Meaning
to some extent; instead; preferably
Example
I would rather stay home than go to the party.
Ich würde lieber zu Hause bleiben, als auf die Party zu gehen.
B2 verb /rɒt/

rot

verfallen
Meaning
to decay or decompose; to become corrupt
Example
The fruit will rot if left in the sun.
Die Frucht wird faulen, wenn sie in der Sonne bleibt.
C1 verb /rɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/

repudiate

verwerfen
Meaning
to refuse to accept, recognize, or support something
Example
He repudiated the claim that he was involved in the scandal.
Er lehnte die Behauptung ab, dass er in den Skandal verwickelt war.
B2 verb /rɪˈstrɪkt/

restrict

einschränken
Meaning
To limit the size, amount, or range of something.
Example
The government decided to restrict the use of plastic bags.
Die Regierung entschloss sich, die Verwendung von Plastiktüten einzuschränken.
B2 noun /ˈrɪə.lɪ.zəm/

realism

realismus
Meaning
The quality of representing things as they are; a practical or factual view.
Example
Her paintings are admired for their realism.
Ihre Gemälde werden für ihren Realismus bewundert.
B2 verb /rɪˈfreɪn/

refrain

verzichten
Meaning
To hold oneself back from doing something.
Example
Please refrain from smoking in this area.
Bitte verzichten Sie darauf, in diesem Bereich zu rauchen.
C2 adjective /roʊˈtʌnd/

rotund

rund
Meaning
round or plump in shape; full in sound
Example
The rotund cat struggled to climb the fence.
Die runde Katze hatte Schwierigkeiten, den Zaun zu erklimmen.
B2 noun /rɪˈvendʒ/

Revenge

Rache
Meaning
the action of inflicting hurt or harm on someone for an injury or wrong suffered at their hands
Example
She sought revenge against those who betrayed her trust.
Sie suchte Rache gegen diejenigen, die ihr Vertrauen verraten hatten.
B2 noun /ˈraɪvəlri/

Rivalry

Rivalität; Wettbewerb
Meaning
competition for the same objective or for superiority in the same field; the state of being rivals
Example
The rivalry between the two teams made the match exciting.
Die Rivalität zwischen den beiden Teams machte das Spiel spannend.
C2 noun /rɪˈpæst/

repast

Mahlzeit
Meaning
A meal or the food eaten during a meal.
Example
They enjoyed a delicious repast by the riverside.
Sie genossen ein köstliches Mahlzeit am Flussufer.
B1 verb /rɪˈtaɪə/

retire

in den Ruhestand treten
Meaning
to stop working after reaching a certain age or having completed a career
Example
She decided to retire after working for 40 years.
Sie entschied sich, nach 40 Jahren Arbeit in den Ruhestand zu treten.
B2 noun /ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən/

reproduction

Reproduktion, Fortpflanzung
Meaning
The process of producing offspring; the act of copying or duplicating.
Example
The textbook included a detailed diagram of human reproduction.
Das Lehrbuch enthielt ein detailliertes Diagramm der menschlichen Reproduktion.
C1 verb /rɪˈlɛnt/

relent

nachgeben, milder werden
Meaning
to become less severe, harsh, or strict
Example
After hours of begging, she finally relented.
Nach stundenlangem Flehen gab sie schließlich nach.
C1 noun rɪˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃən

regeneration

Regeneration
Meaning
Renewal, growth and development of cells, tissues or energy
Example
Proper rest allows muscle regeneration after exercise.
Ausreichende Ruhe ermöglicht die Regeneration der Muskeln nach dem Training.
C2 noun /rɪˈdʒɔɪndər/

rejoinder

Erwiderung
Meaning
a quick or witty reply; a response to a remark or argument
Example
His sharp rejoinder silenced the crowd.
Seine scharfe Erwiderung brachte die Menge zum Schweigen.
A2 verb /rɪˈsiːv/

receive

erhalten
Meaning
to get or accept something given; to welcome
Example
She receives a gift from her friend.
Sie erhält ein Geschenk von ihrer Freundin.
C1 noun /rɔ ˈtɜrmərɪk/

Raw Turmeric

frische Kurkuma
Meaning
fresh unprocessed root of the turmeric plant used as a spice and medicine
Example
Grate raw turmeric into the curry for authentic flavor.
Reibe frische Kurkuma in das Curry für authentischen Geschmack.
B1 noun rɔː mətɪˈrɪəlz

raw materials

Rohmaterialien
Meaning
The basic material from which a product is made.
Example
The factory imports raw materials for production.
Die Fabrik importiert Rohmaterialien für die Produktion.
B1 adjective /ˈrɔɪ.əl/

Royal

königlich
Meaning
belonging to or connected with the monarch or monarchy; magnificent; excellent
Example
The royal family attended the ceremony.
Die königliche Familie nahm an der Zeremonie teil.
B2 verb /roʊm/

roam

umherstreifen
Meaning
to walk or travel without a specific destination; to wander
Example
Wild animals roam freely in the forest.
Wilde Tiere streifen frei im Wald umher.
C2 verb /rɪˈvaɪl/

revile

verachten
Meaning
to criticize in an abusive or angrily insulting manner
Example
The politician was reviled by the public for his corruption.
Der Politiker wurde vom Publikum wegen seiner Korruption verachtet.
A1 verb /raɪd/

ride

reiten/fahren
Meaning
to travel on or in a vehicle; to sit on and control a horse
Example
She likes to ride her bicycle to work.
Sie fährt gerne mit dem Fahrrad zur Arbeit.
B1 verb /ˈreskjuː/

rescue

retten
Meaning
to save someone or something from danger or harm
Example
The firefighters rescued the cat from the tree.
Die Feuerwehrleute haben die Katze vom Baum gerettet.
C2 adjective /ˌrɛpərˈtɔːriəl/

repertorial

repertorial
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of a repertoire, especially in journalism or performance contexts.
Example
The journalist's repertorial style captured every detail of the unfolding story.
Der repertoriale Stil des Journalisten erfasste jedes Detail der sich entfaltenden Geschichte.
B2 noun /ˈruːdnəs/

Rudeness

Unhöflichkeit
Meaning
the quality of being impolite, discourteous, or offensive in behavior or speech
Example
His rudeness shocked everyone at the dinner party.
Seine Unhöflichkeit schockierte alle auf der Dinnerparty.
B1 adjective /rʌf/

Rough

rau; grob; hart
Meaning
having an uneven surface; not smooth; harsh
Example
The rough surface of the rock hurt my hands.
Die raue Oberfläche des Felsen hat mir die Hände verletzt.
B2 noun /ˌrɛɡ.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/

regulation

eine Regel oder Anweisung, die von einer Behörde erlassen und aufrechterhalten wird
Meaning
A rule or directive made and maintained by an authority.
Example
Government regulation ensures fair business practices.
Die staatliche Regulierung sorgt für faire Geschäftspraktiken.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛstɪv/

restive

unruhig
Meaning
unable to stay still or silent; restless and impatient
Example
The crowd grew restive as they waited for the concert to begin.
Die Menge wurde unruhig, während sie auf den Beginn des Konzerts wartete.
C1 noun /ˈræp.tʃər/

rapture

Rapture, Entzücken
Meaning
A feeling of intense joy, delight, or ecstasy.
Example
She listened to the music in rapture.
Sie hörte die Musik in Verzückung.
C1 noun/verb /ˈræfəl/

raffle

Verkauf von Lotterietickets
Meaning
A means of raising money by selling numbered tickets, one or more of which are drawn at random for a prize; to sell something in such a lottery.
Example
The charity decided to raffle a bicycle to raise funds.
Die Wohltätigkeitsorganisation beschloss, ein Fahrrad zu verlosen, um Geld zu sammeln.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpliːt/

replete

voll
Meaning
Filled or well-supplied with something; abundantly full.
Example
The book is replete with fascinating historical details.
Das Buch ist voll mit faszinierenden historischen Details.
B2 noun /rʌʃ/

Rush

Eile; Hast
Meaning
a sudden quick movement toward something; a period of great activity or demand; hurry
Example
There was a rush to buy tickets for the concert.
Es gab einen Ansturm, Tickets für das Konzert zu kaufen.
B2 noun /rɪˈlʌk.təns/

Reluctance

Widerstand; Zögern
Meaning
unwillingness to do something; hesitation
Example
He showed reluctance to accept the job offer.
Er zeigte Widerstand, das Jobangebot anzunehmen.
A2 noun /rɪˈleɪ.ʃən.ʃɪp/

Relationship

Beziehung
Meaning
the way two people or groups feel and behave towards each other; a connection between two things
Example
They have a very close relationship.
Sie haben eine sehr enge Beziehung.
B1 verb /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

regard

betrachten
Meaning
to consider or think of in a particular way; to look at
Example
She regards him as her best friend.
Sie betrachtet ihn als ihren besten Freund.
C2 noun /ˌriːkruːˈdɛsəns/

recrudescence

Wiederaufleben
Meaning
a new outbreak or revival of something that had subsided, especially an undesirable condition
Example
Health officials warned of a recrudescence of measles in several districts.
Gesundheitsbehörden warnten vor einem Wiederaufleben von Masern in mehreren Bezirken.
B1 noun riˈæləti

reality

Realität
Meaning
The world or the state of things as they actually exist, as opposed to an idealistic or notional idea.
Example
The reality of the situation was evident.
Die Realität der Situation war offensichtlich.
C1 noun /ˈreɪdiəns/

radiance

Strahlkraft
Meaning
the quality of shining with bright light; a glowing or beaming quality
Example
Her face was filled with radiance after hearing the good news.
Ihr Gesicht war nach dem Hören der guten Nachrichten von Strahlkraft erfüllt.
A2 verb /ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd/

recommend

empfehlen
Meaning
to suggest or advise something as being good or suitable
Example
I recommend trying the new restaurant downtown.
Ich empfehle, das neue Restaurant in der Innenstadt auszuprobieren.
B2 adjective /ˈruːθ.ləs/

Ruthless

gnadenlos; grausam; ohne Mitleid
Meaning
showing no pity or compassion; cruel; merciless
Example
The ruthless dictator showed no mercy to his enemies.
Der gnadenlose Diktator zeigte seinen Feinden keine Gnade.
B1 noun /ˈrɪðəm/

rhythm

Rhythmus
Meaning
a strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound
Example
The rhythm of the music made everyone want to dance.
Der Rhythmus der Musik brachte alle zum Tanzen.
A2 verb /rɪŋ/

ring

klingeln
Meaning
to make a clear sound like a bell; to call by telephone
Example
The bell rings every hour.
Die Glocke klingelt jede Stunde.
B1 verb /rɑːb/

rob

rauben
Meaning
to steal money or property from a person or place; to commit robbery
Example
The thief tried to rob the bank last night.
Der Dieb versuchte, die Bank letzte Nacht zu überfallen.
C1 noun /ˈrɪdəns/

riddance

Befreiung
Meaning
The action of getting rid of something unwanted or unpleasant.
Example
His departure was considered a welcome riddance by the team.
Seine Abreise wurde vom Team als eine willkommene Befreiung angesehen.
B1 noun /rɪˈpɔːrtər/

reporter

Reporter
Meaning
a person who reports news or information
Example
The reporter interviewed several people at the scene.
Der Reporter interviewte mehrere Personen am Tatort.
C2 verb /ˈræpsəˌdaɪz/

rhapsodize

schwärmen
Meaning
to speak or write with great enthusiasm and admiration
Example
He would often rhapsodize about his travels to Europe.
Er sprach oft mit Begeisterung über seine Reisen nach Europa.
B1 noun /reɪ/

ray

Strahl
Meaning
a narrow beam of light, heat, or radiation
Example
A ray of sunlight broke through the clouds.
Ein Sonnenstrahl brach durch die Wolken.
B1 adverb /ˈruːdli/

Rudely

unhöflich
Meaning
in an impolite or discourteous manner
Example
He rudely interrupted the speaker during the presentation.
Er unterbrach den Redner unhöflich während der Präsentation.
C1 verb /rɪˈdrɛs/

redress

wiedergutmachen
Meaning
to set right, remedy, or compensate for a wrong or grievance
Example
The company promised to redress the complaints of its customers.
Das Unternehmen versprach, die Beschwerden seiner Kunden zu beheben.
B1 noun rəʊlz

Roles

Rolle
Meaning
A person's or thing's function in a particular situation.
Example
Defined roles improve team performance.
Definierte Rollen verbessern die Teamleistung.
C1 adjective /rɪˈzɪdjuəl/

residual

residual
Meaning
Remaining after the greater part has gone.
Example
The patient experienced residual pain after the surgery.
Der Patient erlebte nach der Operation residuale Schmerzen.
C2 adjective /rɪˈprɛsəbl̩/

repressible

unterdrückbar
Meaning
Capable of being restrained or suppressed.
Example
The movement proved to be hardly repressible.
Die Bewegung erwies sich als kaum unterdrückbar.
C1 noun /rɪˈsɜː.dʒəns/

resurgence

Wiederaufleben
Meaning
An increase or revival after a period of little activity, popularity, or occurrence.
Example
The city saw a resurgence in tourism after the pandemic.
Die Stadt erlebte nach der Pandemie einen Anstieg im Tourismus.
C1 noun /rɪˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

Retaliation

Vergeltung
Meaning
the action of returning a military attack; counterattack; revenge for an injury or wrong
Example
The country threatened retaliation against any act of aggression.
Das Land drohte mit Vergeltungsmaßnahmen gegen jede Aggression.
C2 adjective /raɪˈpɛə.ri.ən/

riparian

bezogen auf oder an den Ufern eines Flusses oder eines anderen Gewässers gelegen
Meaning
Relating to or situated on the banks of a river or other watercourse.
Example
Riparian vegetation helps prevent soil erosion along rivers.
Riparische Vegetation hilft, Bodenerosion entlang von Flüssen zu verhindern.
B2 verb /rɪˈtriːt/

retreat

sich zurückziehen
Meaning
to move back or withdraw from a position or situation
Example
The soldiers had to retreat after losing the battle.
Die Soldaten mussten sich nach der Niederlage zurückziehen.
C2 adjective /rɪˈfɛrəbəl/

referable

referierbar
Meaning
able to be related or directed to something
Example
The issue is referable to the new policy changes.
Das Problem ist auf die neuen Politikänderungen referierbar.
B2 verb rɪˈzaɪn

resign

zurücktreten
Meaning
Voluntarily leave a job or other position.
Example
Ministers were forced to resign.
Die Minister wurden gezwungen, zurückzutreten.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpɛlənt/

repellent

abstoßend
Meaning
Able to drive away something, especially insects or unpleasant things; causing disgust or distaste.
Example
This cream is highly effective as a mosquito repellent.
Diese Creme ist sehr effektiv als Mückenschutz.
B2 noun /rɪˈfreʃ.mənt/

Refreshment

Erfrischung
Meaning
food and drink that is served as a light meal; something that refreshes
Example
We served light refreshments after the meeting.
Wir haben nach dem Meeting leichte Erfrischungen serviert.
C2 noun /ˈrɛv.ər.i/

reverie

Tagtraum; in Gedanken verloren
Meaning
A state of being pleasantly lost in one's thoughts; a daydream.
Example
Lost in reverie, he didn't hear his name being called.
Verschwunden in seinem Tagtraum, hörte er nicht, wie sein Name gerufen wurde.
C2 noun /rɪˈpʌɡ.nəns/

repugnance

Abscheu
Meaning
intense disgust or strong aversion towards something
Example
She felt deep repugnance at the cruelty of the act.
Sie empfand tiefen Ekel vor der Grausamkeit der Tat.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpjuː.t̬ɪd/

Reputed

angesehen; berühmt
Meaning
generally said or believed to be; having a particular reputation
Example
He is reputed to be one of the best doctors in the country.
Er gilt als einer der besten Ärzte des Landes.
A2 adjective /reər/

Rare

selten
Meaning
not occurring very often; uncommon or unusual
Example
It's rare to find such beautiful handmade jewelry these days.
Es ist selten, so schöne handgemachte Schmuckstücke zu finden.
B2 noun /ˈrɒbəɹi/

robbery

Raub
Meaning
the crime of stealing from someone or somewhere using force or threat
Example
The police are investigating the robbery at the local store.
Die Polizei untersucht den Raub in dem örtlichen Geschäft.
B2 adjective /rɪˈfaɪnd/

Refined

verfeinert; gereinigt
Meaning
elegant and cultured in appearance, manner, or taste; purified
Example
She has very refined taste in art and music.
Sie hat einen sehr raffinierten Geschmack in Kunst und Musik.
C1 noun /rɪˈflɛktər/

reflector

Reflektor
Meaning
A surface or device that reflects light, heat, or sound, often used to direct beams or improve visibility.
Example
The cyclist attached a red reflector to the back of his bike for safety.
Der Radfahrer befestigte einen roten Reflektor an der Rückseite seines Fahrrads zur Sicherheit.
A1 verb /rɪˈmembə/

remember

erinnern
Meaning
to bring a past event back into one's mind; to keep in memory
Example
I remember my first day at school.
Ich erinnere mich an meinen ersten Schultag.
C1 noun /ˈrɛnɪˌɡeɪd/

renegade

Renegat
Meaning
a person who deserts or betrays an organization, country, or principles
Example
He was labeled a renegade after leaving the party and criticizing its policies.
Er wurde nach dem Verlassen der Partei und der Kritik an deren Politik als Renegat bezeichnet.
C1 noun /ˌrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

Ratification

Ratifizierung
Meaning
the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement
Example
The treaty required ratification by both countries' parliaments.
Der Vertrag erfordert die Ratifikation durch die Parlamente beider Länder.
C1 verb /ˈræʃənaɪz/

rationlize

rationalisieren
Meaning
to justify or explain something with logical reasons, even if not appropriate or true
Example
He tried to rationlize his mistake by blaming the system.
Er versuchte, seinen Fehler zu rationalisieren, indem er das System beschuldigte.
C1 verb /riˈɪtəreɪt/

reiterate

wiederholen
Meaning
To say something again or repeatedly for emphasis or clarity.
Example
The teacher reiterated the importance of honesty.
Der Lehrer wiederholte die Bedeutung von Ehrlichkeit.
C1 noun /ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.ər.i ˈbreɪk.θruː/

revolutionary breakthrough

revolutionäre Entdeckung
Meaning
A sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development that changes everything.
Example
Robotic surgery is a revolutionary breakthrough in healthcare.
Robotische Chirurgie ist eine revolutionäre Entdeckung im Gesundheitswesen.
C1 verb /rɪˈvɪər/

revere

verehren
Meaning
To deeply respect or admire someone or something.
Example
The students revered their teacher for his wisdom.
Die Studenten verehrten ihren Lehrer für seine Weisheit.
B1 noun rɪˈsɜː.tʃəz

researchers

Forscher
Meaning
People who study and investigate to discover new information or facts.
Example
Researchers are working on innovative solutions.
Forscher arbeiten an innovativen Lösungen.
B1 adverb /ˈrʌfli/

Roughly

ungefähr; auf eine grobe oder gewalttätige Weise
Meaning
approximately; in a harsh or violent way
Example
The project will take roughly three months to complete.
Das Projekt wird ungefähr drei Monate dauern, um abgeschlossen zu werden.
B2 verb /ˌriːəˈʃʊr/

reassure

beruhigen
Meaning
to say or do something to remove someone's doubts or fears
Example
The teacher reassured the students before the exam.
Der Lehrer beruhigte die Schüler vor der Prüfung.
C1 noun /rɪˈspɒndənt/

respondent

Befragter
Meaning
A person who replies to something, especially in a survey or legal case
Example
The survey had over 1,000 respondents.
Die Umfrage hatte mehr als 1000 Befragte.
C2 noun /rɪˈfɛktəri/

refectory

Speisesaal
Meaning
a dining hall, especially in a monastery, convent, or school
Example
Students had lunch in the refectory.
Die Studenten haben im Speisesaal zu Mittag gegessen.
C1 verb /rɪˈtreɪs/

retrace

einen Weg oder eine Route zurückgehen; Schritte, die früher gemacht wurden, erinnern und wiederholen
Meaning
to go back over a path or route; to recall and repeat steps taken earlier
Example
She retraced her steps to find her lost keys.
Sie ging ihre Schritte zurück, um ihre verlorenen Schlüssel zu finden.
A1 noun /roʊd/

road

Straße
Meaning
a wide way leading from one place to another
Example
We drove along the road to the village.
Wir fuhren die Straße zum Dorf entlang.
B2 adjective /ˈreɪʃəl/

racial

rassisch
Meaning
relating to a race of people
Example
Racial equality is an important issue in many societies.
Rassengleichheit ist ein wichtiges Thema in vielen Gesellschaften.
B1 noun /rɪˈɡret/

Regret

Bedauern
Meaning
a feeling of sadness or disappointment about something that has happened or been done
Example
She felt deep regret about her harsh words.
Sie empfand tiefes Bedauern über ihre harten Worte.
B2 verb /ˌriː.kənˈstrʌkt/

reconstruct

rekonstruieren
Meaning
to build or form something again after it has been damaged or destroyed
Example
The city was reconstructed after the earthquake.
Die Stadt wurde nach dem Erdbeben wieder aufgebaut.
C2 adjective /rɪˈflɛksəbl/

reflexible

reflektierbar
Meaning
Capable of being reflected or bent back.
Example
The surface was highly reflexible, bouncing light in different directions.
Die Oberfläche war hochreflektierend und warf das Licht in verschiedene Richtungen.
C1 verb /rɪɡ/

rig

manipulieren
Meaning
to manipulate or control something dishonestly; to set up equipment
Example
The election was rigged by corrupt officials.
Die Wahl wurde von korrupten Beamten manipuliert.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtæl.i.ə.tɔːr.i/

retaliatory

Vergeltungsmaßnahme
Meaning
Taking action in response to another's action, characterized as punitive, revengeful, or counteractive.
Example
The country imposed retaliatory tariffs in response to trade sanctions.
Das Land verhängte Vergeltungszölle als Antwort auf Handels sanktionen.
C2 noun /ruːθ/

ruth

Mitleid
Meaning
A feeling of pity, compassion, or sorrow.
Example
He felt no ruth for the people he had betrayed.
Er fühlte kein Mitleid mit den Menschen, die er verraten hatte.
B1 noun /roʊˈmæns/

Romance

Romanze
Meaning
a feeling of excitement and mystery associated with love; a love affair or relationship
Example
Their romance began when they met at the university library.
Ihre Romanze begann, als sie sich in der Universitätsbibliothek trafen.
A2 noun /ˈrɛsɪpi/

recipe

rezept
Meaning
a set of instructions for preparing a particular dish, including a list of the ingredients required
Example
I found a great recipe for chocolate cake.
Ich habe ein tolles Rezept für Schokoladenkuchen gefunden.
B2 noun /reɪˈʒiːm/

regime

Regime
Meaning
a system or form of government, often authoritarian
Example
The military regime controlled the country for decades.
Das Militärregime kontrollierte das Land über Jahrzehnten.
C2 noun /ˌrɛtroʊˈɡrɛʃən/

retrogression

Rückschritt
Meaning
a return to a worse or less developed state
Example
The country experienced economic retrogression after the crisis.
Das Land erlebte nach der Krise einen wirtschaftlichen Rückschritt.
C1 adjective /ˈrɛzənənt/

resonant

resonant
Meaning
Deep, clear, and continuing to sound or echo.
Example
The resonant voice of the speaker filled the hall.
Die resonante Stimme des Sprechers erfüllte den Saal.
C2 adjective /ˈrævənɪŋ/

ravening

verhungert und gierig
Meaning
Extremely hungry and greedy; voracious.
Example
The ravening wolves circled the camp.
Die hungrigen Wölfe umzingelten das Lager.