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B1 verb pres

press

drücken. drücken.
Meaning
Exert force on (someone or something), typically with one's finger or hand, in order to move them away from oneself.
Example
Press firmly to operate the machine.
Drücken Sie fest, um die Maschine zu bedienen.
C1 adjective /ˈɔːrθədɑːks/

orthodox

orthodox
Meaning
conforming to traditional beliefs or practices
Example
He comes from a very orthodox family.
Er stammt aus einer sehr orthodoxen Familie.
B2 noun/verb /krɪˈtiːk/

critique

Kritik
Meaning
A detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory; to evaluate critically.
Example
The professor asked the students to critique each other's essays.
Der Professor bat die Studenten, die Aufsätze der anderen zu kritisieren.
B2 noun /ˈsmɑːrt.nəs/

Smartness

Intelligenz; Klugheit; ordentliche und moderne Erscheinung
Meaning
intelligence; cleverness; neat and fashionable appearance
Example
Her smartness in solving problems impressed everyone.
Ihre Intelligenz beim Lösen von Problemen beeindruckte alle.
B1 verb /rɪˈspɒnd/

respond

antworten
Meaning
to give an answer or reply; to react to something
Example
Please respond to my email as soon as possible.
Bitte antworten Sie so schnell wie möglich auf meine E-Mail.
B2 noun /ˈbɑː.li/

Barley

gerste
Meaning
a cereal grain used for food, brewing beer, and animal feed
Example
The farmer harvested barley from his fields in autumn.
Der Bauer erntete Gerste von seinen Feldern im Herbst.
C1 adjective, noun, verb /ˈtrɛbəl/

treble

dreifach, hoher Ton
Meaning
triple; consisting of three parts; high-pitched sound in music
Example
The company's profits trebled in just two years.
Der Gewinn des Unternehmens hat sich in nur zwei Jahren verdoppelt.
B2 adjective ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡreɪ.tɪd

integrated

integriert
Meaning
Combining or coordinating separate elements so as to provide a harmonious, interrelated whole.
Example
Integrated systems optimize efficiency.
Integrierte Systeme optimieren die Effizienz.
C1 adjective /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.ə.bəl/

negotiable

verhandelbar
Meaning
Open to discussion or modification; capable of being bargained for.
Example
The salary offered is negotiable.
Das angebotene Gehalt ist verhandelbar.
A2 noun /ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər/

furniture

möbel
Meaning
Objects such as chairs, tables, beds, or cupboards used to make a room suitable for living or working.
Example
The living room was filled with beautiful wooden furniture.
Das Wohnzimmer war mit schönen Holzmöbeln gefüllt.
B2 noun /ˌmɒd.ən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

modernization

Modernisierung
Meaning
The process of adapting something to modern needs or habits.
Example
Modernization of industries reduces pollution.
Die Modernisierung der Industrien reduziert die Verschmutzung.
B1 verb /ɪnˈʃʊər/

ensure

sicherstellen
Meaning
To make certain that something will happen or be the case.
Example
Please ensure that the door is locked before you leave.
Bitte stellen Sie sicher, dass die Tür geschlossen ist, bevor Sie gehen.
C1 verb /rɪˈdʒɛnəreɪt/

regenerate

regenerieren
Meaning
to grow or produce again; to renew or restore
Example
The lizard can regenerate its lost tail.
Die Eidechse kann ihren verlorenen Schwanz regenerieren.
C1 adjective /dɪˈɡreɪdɪd/

degraded

degradiert
Meaning
Reduced in quality, dignity, or condition.
Example
The villagers were forced to live in degraded conditions.
Die Dorfbewohner wurden gezwungen, in degradierten Bedingungen zu leben.
C2 adjective /ʌkˈsɔːriəs/

uxorious

übermäßig auf seine Frau bezogen
Meaning
excessively fond of or submissive to one's wife
Example
He was so uxorious that he agreed with everything his wife said.
Er war so uxoriös, dass er allem zustimmte, was seine Frau sagte.
B1 noun /ˈfaɪn.dɪŋ/

finding

Entdeckung, Schlussfolgerung oder Ergebnis nach einer Untersuchung
Meaning
a discovery, conclusion, or result reached after investigation
Example
The scientist published her findings in a leading journal.
Die Wissenschaftlerin veröffentlichte ihre Entdeckungen in einer führenden Fachzeitschrift.
B1 adjective /ˈɜːrdʒənt/

Urgent

dringend
Meaning
requiring immediate action or attention; pressing
Example
The patient needs urgent medical attention.
Der Patient benötigt dringend medizinische Aufmerksamkeit.
C1 noun, verb /ˈkɒmjuːn/

commune

Kommune / sich austauschen
Meaning
Noun: a group of people living together and sharing possessions; Verb: to share one's thoughts or feelings intimately.
Example
She went to the countryside to commune with nature.
Sie ging aufs Land, um mit der Natur in Verbindung zu treten.
C2 noun /ɪnˈhɪərəns/

inherence

Inhärenz
Meaning
The state of being an essential or permanent part of something.
Example
The inherence of risk is part of every business venture.
Das Inherente Risiko ist Teil jedes geschäftlichen Vorhabens.
C1 adjective ˌsɪmbɪˈɒtɪk

symbiotic

symbiotisch
Meaning
Involving interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association.
Example
The relationship between the bee and the flower is symbiotic.
Die Beziehung zwischen der Biene und der Blume ist symbiotisch.
B2 adjective səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl

sustainable

nachhaltig
Meaning
Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level; conserving an ecological balance.
Example
Sustainable practices mitigate environmental impact.
Nachhaltige Praktiken verringern die Umweltbelastung.
B2 noun /diːd/

Deed

Tat; Heldentat; Rechtsdokument;
Meaning
an action that is performed intentionally or consciously; a legal document showing ownership
Example
His heroic deed saved the child from drowning in the river.
Seine heldenhafte Tat rettete das Kind vor dem Ertrinken im Fluss.
C2 verb /əbˈtruːd/

obtrude

aufdrängen
Meaning
to force oneself or one's ideas into a situation uninvited or inappropriately
Example
He didn’t want to obtrude into their private conversation.
Er wollte nicht in ihr privates Gespräch aufdrängen.
B2 adjective kənˈven.ʃən.əl

conventional

konventionell
Meaning
Based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed; traditional, standard, customary.
Example
Many farmers still use conventional farming methods.
Viele Landwirte nutzen immer noch konventionelle Anbaumethoden.
B2 noun/verb /eɪp/

ape

ein großer Primat, der einem Affen ähnelt / nachahmen
Meaning
a large primate similar to a monkey but without a tail; as a verb, to imitate or mimic
Example
Children often ape the behavior of adults.
Kinder ahmen oft das Verhalten von Erwachsenen nach.
B2 adjective dɪsˈrʌp.tɪv

disruptive

störend, destabilisierend
Meaning
Causing or tending to cause disruption.
Example
Deforestation has a disruptive effect on wildlife.
Abholzung hat eine störende Wirkung auf die Tierwelt.
A2 adjective /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

single

einzeln
Meaning
only one; not one of several
Example
She bought a single ticket for the concert.
Sie kaufte ein Einzelticket für das Konzert.
C2 noun /ˈɑːrkeɪˌɪzəm/

archaism

Archaismus
Meaning
a word, expression, or style of language that is no longer in everyday use
Example
The poem is full of archaisms that give it an old-fashioned flavor.
Das Gedicht ist voller Archaismen, die ihm einen altmodischen Geschmack verleihen.
C1 adjective daɪˈvɜː.dʒənt

divergent

divergent
Meaning
Tending to be different or develop in different directions
Example
Divergent policies create challenges in collaboration.
Divergente Politiken schaffen Herausforderungen in der Zusammenarbeit.
B2 noun /ˈkɒmənˌteɪtər/

commentator

Kommentator
Meaning
a person who reports and discusses events, especially on TV or radio
Example
The commentator described the football match in detail.
Der Kommentator beschrieb das Fußballspiel im Detail.
C1 adjective /prəˈdɪdʒəs/

prodigious

prodigios
Meaning
remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree
Example
The team made a prodigious effort to complete the project on time.
Das Team leistete prodigiose Anstrengungen, um das Projekt rechtzeitig abzuschließen.
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrlər/

curler

Lockenwickler
Meaning
A small roller used for curling hair.
Example
She used a curler to style her hair for the party.
Sie benutzte einen Lockenstab, um ihre Haare für die Party zu stylen.
C1 noun /ˈpɒpjʊlɪst/

populist

populistischer Führer
Meaning
A politician or person who seeks to appeal to ordinary people who feel their concerns are ignored by elites.
Example
The populist leader promised to put the needs of common citizens first.
Der populistische Führer versprach, die Bedürfnisse der einfachen Bürger an erste Stelle zu setzen.
A2 verb kriˈeɪt

create

erschaffen
Meaning
To bring something into existence; to make or produce something new.
Example
Unmanaged growth can create complex challenges.
Unkontrolliertes Wachstum kann komplexe Herausforderungen erschaffen.
A2 noun/verb /ˈɪntrəst/ or /ˈɪntəˌrɛst/

interest

Interesse / Zinsen
Meaning
A feeling of curiosity or concern about something; or money paid for the use of borrowed money.
Example
He showed great interest in learning new languages.
Er zeigte großes Interesse daran, neue Sprachen zu lernen.
B2 adverb /ˌɪndəˈrɛktli/

indirectly

indirekt
Meaning
in a way that is not direct; through an intermediate means or influence
Example
The policy affected small businesses indirectly.
Die Politik beeinflusste kleine Unternehmen indirekt.
B2 noun /ˈmʌð.ər.hʊd/

Motherhood

Mutterschaft
Meaning
the state of being a mother; the qualities of a mother
Example
She embraced the joys and challenges of motherhood.
Sie nahm die Freuden und Herausforderungen der Mutterschaft an.
C1 adjective /ˌsɛlf ˈraɪtʃəs/

self-righteous

selbstgerecht
Meaning
Having or showing an attitude of moral superiority; believing one’s own beliefs are the only right ones.
Example
His self-righteous comments made everyone uncomfortable.
Seine selbstgerechten Kommentare machten alle unwohl.
B1 noun /rɪˈsep.ʃən/

Reception

empfang; begrüßung; veranstaltung;
Meaning
the action of receiving something or someone; a formal social occasion held to welcome someone
Example
The wedding reception was held at a beautiful hotel.
Die Hochzeitsfeier fand in einem schönen Hotel statt.
A2 noun /ˈdeɪn.dʒər/

danger

Gefahr
Meaning
The possibility of harm, injury, or loss.
Example
The hikers were in great danger during the storm.
Die Wanderer waren während des Sturms in großer Gefahr.
C1 adjective /ˌmed.iˈiː.vəl/

Mediaeval

mittelalterlich
Meaning
relating to the Middle Ages; medieval
Example
The castle displayed mediaeval architecture and design.
Das Schloss zeigte mittelalterliche Architektur und Design.
B2 noun /ˈprɒvɪns/

province

Provinz
Meaning
a principal administrative division of certain countries or empires.
Example
The province is known for its rich cultural heritage and stunning landscapes.
Die Provinz ist bekannt für ihr reiches kulturelles Erbe und ihre beeindruckenden Landschaften.
A2 adjective /ˈsɛvrəl/

several

mehrere
Meaning
more than one but not many; a few
Example
Several people attended the meeting yesterday.
Mehrere Personen nahmen gestern an der Besprechung teil.
B2 noun /məˈstɑːʃ/

Moustache

Schnurrbart
Meaning
hair that grows on the upper lip of men
Example
He grew a thick moustache for the play.
Er zog einen dicken Schnurrbart für das Stück an.
A2 verb /hɑːrm/

harm

schaden
Meaning
to cause damage, injury, or hurt to someone or something
Example
Smoking can harm your health.
Rauchen kann Ihrer Gesundheit schaden.
A2 adjective /meɪn/

main

haupt
Meaning
most important; chief in size, extent, or importance
Example
The main reason for his success is hard work.
Der Hauptgrund für seinen Erfolg ist harte Arbeit.
C1 noun /ˈsɪstərn/

cistern

Wassertank
Meaning
A tank or container for storing water, usually for household use.
Example
The old house still had a cistern to collect rainwater.
Das alte Haus hatte immer noch einen Wassertank zur Sammlung von Regenwasser.
B2 adverb /ˈsɛkʃuəli/

sexually

sexuell
Meaning
in a way that relates to or involves sexual activity or feelings
Example
The film was considered too sexually explicit for young audiences.
Der Film wurde für ein junges Publikum als zu sexuell explizit angesehen.
C2 noun /ˈdaɪəˌdɛm/

diadem

Diadem
Meaning
A crown or headband worn as a symbol of royalty or authority.
Example
The queen wore a glittering diadem at the coronation.
Die Königin trug ein funkelndes Diadem bei der Krönung.
C1 noun ˈpɛd.ə.ɡɒ.dʒi

pedagogy

Pädagogik
Meaning
The method and practice of teaching, especially as an academic subject or theoretical concept.
Example
Modern pedagogy focuses on student-centered learning.
Die moderne Pädagogik konzentriert sich auf schülerzentriertes Lernen.
C1 noun /ˈkɒl.ə.bəʊn/

Collar-bone

Schlüsselbein
Meaning
either of the pair of bones joining the breastbone to the shoulder blades; clavicle
Example
He broke his collar-bone in the accident.
Er hat sich das Schlüsselbein im Unfall gebrochen.
A1 adverb /ˈleɪtər/

later

später
Meaning
At a time subsequent to a reference time; afterwards.
Example
We will discuss the details later.
Wir werden später über die Details sprechen.
B1 adjective /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/

complicated

kompliziert
Meaning
consisting of many interconnected parts; difficult to understand
Example
The instructions for the machine are too complicated to follow.
Die Anweisungen für die Maschine sind zu kompliziert, um sie zu befolgen.
B2 noun /ˈbæŋ.ɡəl/

Bangle

armreif
Meaning
a rigid bracelet or anklet worn as jewelry
Example
She wore beautiful gold bangles on her wrists.
Sie trug wunderschöne goldene Armreifen an ihren Handgelenken.
C2 verb /ˈbleɪzən/

blazon

anzeigen
Meaning
to display prominently or vividly
Example
The slogan was blazoned across the banner in bold letters.
Das Motto wurde in fetten Buchstaben auf dem Banner angezeigt.
B2 adjective /ˈsɛksi/

sexy

sexy
Meaning
sexually attractive or exciting
Example
She wore a sexy red dress to the party.
Sie trug ein sexy rotes Kleid auf der Party.
A2 noun /ˈbʊkstɔːr/

bookstore

Buchhandlung
Meaning
a shop where books are sold
Example
She spent an entire afternoon browsing in the bookstore.
Sie verbrachte den ganzen Nachmittag in der Buchhandlung.
C1 noun /ˈtreɪ.ki.ə/

Trachea

Luftröhre
Meaning
the tube that carries air from the throat to the lungs; windpipe
Example
The trachea is protected by cartilage rings that keep it open.
Die Luftröhre ist durch Knorpelringe geschützt, die sie offen halten.
A2 noun /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

soldiers

Soldaten
Meaning
members of an army who serve their country in war or peace
Example
The soldiers marched proudly down the street.
Die Soldaten marschierten stolz die Strasse entlang.
B2 noun ˌɡloʊ.bəl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

globalization

globalisierung
Meaning
The process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
Example
Globalization has connected economies across the world.
Die Globalisierung hat die Volkswirtschaften weltweit verbunden.
C2 noun /ˈplænɪsfɪr/

planisphere

Planisphäre
Meaning
a rotating star chart used to display the visible stars for any time and date
Example
The astronomer used a planisphere to identify the constellations.
Der Astronom benutzte ein Planisphäre, um die Konstellationen zu identifizieren.
C2 noun /ˈɒlɪv brɑːntʃ/

olive-branch

Olivenzweig
Meaning
A symbol of peace or reconciliation; an offer to end conflict.
Example
He extended an olive-branch to his rival after years of hostility.
Er reichte seinem Rivalen nach Jahren der Feindseligkeit einen Olivenzweig.
C1 verb /trænˈspaɪər/

transpire

geschehen
Meaning
to occur, happen, or become known
Example
It transpired that he had lied about his age.
Es stellte sich heraus, dass er über sein Alter gelogen hatte.
C1 noun ˌɛkstərˈnælɪtiz

externalities

externalität
Meaning
A side effect or consequence of an industrial or commercial activity.
Example
Pollution is a negative externality of industrialization.
Verschmutzung ist eine negative Externalität der Industrialisierung.
C1 adjective /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

ideological

ideologisch
Meaning
Relating to or based on a system of ideas or beliefs.
Example
The two parties are divided by deep ideological differences.
Die beiden Parteien sind durch tiefgehende ideologische Unterschiede geteilt.
B2 noun /ˈpæθweɪ/

pathway

weg
Meaning
a route or course along which something travels or progresses
Example
The narrow pathway led to the hidden garden.
Der schmale Weg führte zum versteckten Garten.
B2 verb /ˈsteɪ.bə.laɪz/

stabilize

stabilisieren
Meaning
to make something steady, secure, or unlikely to change suddenly
Example
The government took measures to stabilize the economy.
Die Regierung ergriff Maßnahmen, um die Wirtschaft zu stabilisieren.
B2 verb kəˈlæbəreɪt

collaborate

zusammenarbeiten
Meaning
To work jointly with others, especially in an intellectual endeavor; cooperate.
Example
Volunteers often collaborate with local organizations.
Freiwillige arbeiten oft mit lokalen Organisationen zusammen.
A1 noun /ˈfəʊtəʊ/

photo

Foto
Meaning
a picture or image captured by a camera
Example
I took a photo of the sunset.
Ich habe ein Foto vom Sonnenuntergang gemacht.
C2 noun /ˌlɪt.əˈrɑː.ti/

literati

Literaten
Meaning
well-educated, literary, or scholarly people
Example
The event was attended by poets, critics, and other members of the literati.
Die Veranstaltung wurde von Dichtern, Kritikern und anderen Mitgliedern der Literaten besucht.
C1 noun /əˈtjuːn.mənt/

attunement

Einfühlung
Meaning
Being in harmony or responsive to someone's emotional state.
Example
Attunement to emotions improves relationships.
Einfühlung in Emotionen verbessert Beziehungen.
B2 verb /ˈæmplɪˌfaɪ/

amplify

verstärken
Meaning
to make sounds louder; to make something larger or more significant
Example
The microphone amplifies her voice.
Das Mikrofon verstärkt ihre Stimme.
C2 verb /foʊˈmɛnt/

foment

anstiften
Meaning
To instigate or stir up (an undesirable or violent sentiment or course of action).
Example
The rebel leader tried to foment unrest among the people.
Der Rebellenführer versuchte, Unruhe unter den Menschen zu fördern.
A2 adjective /fɔːls/

False

falsch; inkorrekt; täuschend; künstlich
Meaning
not true; incorrect; deceptive; artificial
Example
The witness gave false testimony in court.
Der Zeuge gab im Gericht falsches Zeugnis ab.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtaɪərɪŋ/

retiring

schüchtern
Meaning
Shy and reserved; avoiding social contact.
Example
She is a quiet, retiring woman who avoids attention.
Sie ist eine ruhige, schüchterne Frau, die Aufmerksamkeit vermeidet.
B1 noun /kəˈnuː/

Canoe

Kanu
Meaning
a narrow boat pointed at both ends and moved with a paddle
Example
They paddled their canoe down the peaceful stream.
Sie paddelten ihr Kanu den ruhigen Bach hinunter.
C1 noun /ˈskwɒtər/

squatter

Hausbesetzer
Meaning
a person who unlawfully occupies an uninhabited building or unused land
Example
The police removed the squatters from the abandoned house.
Die Polizei entfernte die Hausbesetzer aus dem verlassenen Haus.
B1 verb /spred/

spread

verbreiten
Meaning
to extend over a larger area; to distribute; to apply
Example
The news spread quickly through the town.
Die Nachricht verbreitete sich schnell durch die Stadt.
C1 noun/verb /ˈbɔɪ/ or /ˈbuːi/

buoy

Boje, etwas am Leben erhalten
Meaning
A floating marker on water; to keep something afloat or encourage someone.
Example
The news buoyed their spirits after the loss.
Die Nachricht hob ihren Geist nach dem Verlust.
B1 noun /prəʊ/

pro

Profi
Meaning
a professional, especially in sports; or a person who is in favor of something
Example
He plays tennis like a pro.
Er spielt Tennis wie ein Profi.
A1 noun /mɑːrtʃ/

March

marsch
Meaning
An act of walking in a regular measured tread; a protest demonstration
Example
The soldiers performed a ceremonial march in front of the palace.
Die Soldaten führten einen zeremoniellen Marsch vor dem Palast auf.
C2 noun /ˈmiːliərɪzəm/

meliorism

Meliorsimus
Meaning
The belief that the world tends to improve and that humans can aid its betterment.
Example
Her philosophy of meliorism kept her hopeful during difficult times.
Ihre Philosophie des Meliorsimus hielt sie auch in schwierigen Zeiten hoffnungsvoll.
C1 noun /blæk plʌm/

Black plum

schwarze Pflaume
Meaning
a dark purple or black colored edible fruit with sweet and sour taste
Example
I picked some fresh black plums from the tree in our backyard.
Ich habe ein paar frische schwarze Pflaumen vom Baum in unserem Garten gepflückt.
B1 verb /siːk/

seek

suchen
Meaning
to try to find or obtain something; to attempt or desire to achieve
Example
He decided to seek advice from his mentor.
Er entschied sich, Rat bei seinem Mentor zu suchen.
C2 noun/verb /ɡəˈfɔː/

guffaw

Lautes Lachen
Meaning
a loud and boisterous laugh
Example
The audience guffawed at the comedian’s joke.
Das Publikum lachte laut über den Witz des Komikers.
B2 adjective əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ

astonishing

erstaunlich
Meaning
Extremely surprising or impressive; amazing.
Example
The astonishing discovery changed the way we view the universe.
Die erstaunliche Entdeckung veränderte die Art und Weise, wie wir das Universum sehen.
B2 noun ˌæn.tiˈɒk.sɪ.dənts

antioxidants

Antioxidantien
Meaning
A substance that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage.
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidants.
Früchte und Gemüse sind reich an Antioxidantien.
B1 noun əˈnæl.ə.sɪs

analysis

Analyse
Meaning
Detailed examination and evaluation of data or information to understand its components and relationships.
Example
Data analysis is crucial for machine learning models.
Datenanalyse ist entscheidend für Modelle des maschinellen Lernens.
C1 verb /ˈʃrɪvəl/

shrivel

schrumpfen
Meaning
To become dry, wrinkled, and smaller due to lack of moisture.
Example
The flowers shriveled under the hot sun.
Die Blumen schrumpften unter der heißen Sonne.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪʒ.ən.er.i/

Visionary

visionär; fantasievoll;
Meaning
having original ideas about what the future will bring; innovative; imaginative
Example
Steve Jobs was a visionary leader who revolutionized technology.
Steve Jobs war ein visionärer Führer, der die Technologie revolutionierte.
B2 adjective + noun aɪˈdiːəl ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt

ideal environment

ideale Umgebung
Meaning
Perfect or most suitable conditions for growth or development
Example
Winter creates an ideal environment for vegetable growth.
Der Winter schafft eine ideale Umgebung für das Wachstum von Gemüse.
C1 phrase ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk rɛz.əˈluː.ʃən

diplomatic resolution

diplomatische Lösung
Meaning
A peaceful solution to conflicts through negotiation and diplomatic channels.
Example
A diplomatic resolution is necessary for peace.
Eine diplomatische Lösung ist notwendig für den Frieden.
B2 noun /ˈɡæl.ək.siːz/

galaxies

galaxien
Meaning
Large collections of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity.
Example
Distant galaxies hold clues about the early universe.
Entfernte Galaxien enthalten Hinweise auf das frühe Universum.
C1 noun /ˈlɪbərəlɪzəm/

liberalism

Liberalismus
Meaning
a political and social philosophy advocating individual freedoms, democracy, and equality
Example
Liberalism emphasizes freedom of speech and human rights.
Liberalismus betont die Meinungsfreiheit und die Menschenrechte.
B2 adverb /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkli/

alphabetically

alphabetisch
Meaning
in the order of the letters of the alphabet
Example
The names are listed alphabetically in the register.
Die Namen sind alphabetisch im Register geordnet.
A2 noun /ˈkændl/

candle

Kerze
Meaning
a stick of wax with a wick that burns to give light
Example
She lit a candle during the power cut.
Sie zündete eine Kerze während des Stromausfalls an.
C2 adjective /vəˈreɪʃəs/

veracious

wahrheitsgemäß
Meaning
Truthful, honest; habitually speaking the truth.
Example
She gave a veracious account of what happened that day.
Sie gab einen wahrheitsgemäßen Bericht über das, was an diesem Tag passiert ist.
C2 adjective /ɪˈfjuːsɪv/

effusive

überschwänglich
Meaning
Expressing feelings of gratitude, pleasure, or approval in an unrestrained or heartfelt manner.
Example
She gave him an effusive welcome after his long journey.
Sie gab ihm einen überschwänglichen Empfang nach seiner langen Reise.
C1 noun /ˌæn.ɪˈmɒs.ə.ti/

Animosity

Feindseligkeit; Antipathie
Meaning
strong hostility or dislike; active hatred or ill will
Example
There was clear animosity between the two rival teams.
Es gab eine klare Feindseligkeit zwischen den beiden rivalisierenden Teams.
A1 noun /ˈbrʌðər/

brother

Bruder
Meaning
a male sibling
Example
My brother is two years older than me.
Mein Bruder ist zwei Jahre älter als ich.
B2 verb /ˈɛmɪˌɡreɪt/

emigrate

auswandern
Meaning
To leave one's own country in order to settle permanently in another.
Example
Many people emigrated from Europe to America in the 19th century.
Viele Menschen sind im 19. Jahrhundert von Europa nach Amerika ausgewandert.
B1 noun /ˈmɪs.tər.i/

Mystery

rätsel; unerklärliche Sache
Meaning
something that is difficult or impossible to understand or explain
Example
The disappearance of the plane remains a mystery.
Das Verschwinden des Flugzeugs bleibt ein Geheimnis.
A1 preposition /ɪn ˈfrʌnt əv/

in front of

vor
Meaning
positioned before or ahead of something; facing or located at the forward side of a person or object
Example
She stood in front of the building.
Sie stand vor dem Gebäude.
C2 noun /ˈpær.əkˌsɪz.əm/

paroxysm

plötzlicher Ausbruch
Meaning
A sudden, violent outburst of emotion or activity.
Example
She was seized by a paroxysm of laughter.
Sie wurde von einem plötzlichen Lachanfall erfasst.
C2 verb /əˈmælɡəmeɪt/

amalgamate

verschmelzen
Meaning
to combine or unite to form one organization or structure; to merge
Example
The two companies decided to amalgamate their operations.
Die beiden Unternehmen beschlossen, ihre Operationen zu verschmelzen.
C2 noun /ˈprɒsɪlaɪt/

proselyte

Proselyt
Meaning
A person who has converted from one belief, opinion, or religion to another.
Example
She became a proselyte after converting to a new faith.
Sie wurde ein Proselyt, nachdem sie zu einem neuen Glauben konvertiert war.
C2 adjective /juːˈfoʊniəs/

euphonious

wohlklingend
Meaning
Pleasing to the ear; having a sweet sound.
Example
The poet's euphonious language made the verse a delight to read.
Die euphonische Sprache des Dichters machte den Vers zu einer Freude beim Lesen.
B1 noun /dɪˈsɪʒənˌmeɪkɪŋ/

decision-making

Entscheidungsfindung
Meaning
the process of making decisions, especially important or business-related decisions
Example
The CEO's decision-making was crucial for the success of the company.
Die Entscheidungsfindung des CEO war entscheidend für den Erfolg des Unternehmens.
C1 adjective /ɔːˌθɒr.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/

authoritarian

autoritär
Meaning
Demanding absolute obedience to authority; excessively controlling or strict in governance.
Example
Authoritarian parenting often limits a child's independence.
Autoritäre Erziehung schränkt oft die Unabhängigkeit eines Kindes ein.
C1 verb /sərˈmaɪz/

surmise

vermuten
Meaning
to suppose something is true without having evidence
Example
She surmised that he was not coming to the meeting.
Sie vermutete, dass er nicht zum Meeting kommen würde.
C2 noun /ˌpærəˈnɔɪæk/

paranoiac

paranoide person
Meaning
A person who suffers from paranoia or exhibits extreme, irrational distrust and suspicion.
Example
The paranoiac refused to leave his house, fearing everyone was against him.
Die paranoide Person weigerte sich, das Haus zu verlassen, weil sie fürchtete, dass alle gegen sie waren.
A2 pronoun /huːˈɛvər/

whoever

wer auch immer
Meaning
any person who; no matter who
Example
Whoever wants to join the trip must register today.
Wer auch immer an der Reise teilnehmen möchte, muss sich heute anmelden.
C2 noun /ˌsɪləbɪˈkeɪʃən/

syllabication

Silbentrennung
Meaning
The division of words into syllables.
Example
Proper syllabication helps in correct pronunciation.
Eine richtige Silbentrennung hilft bei der korrekten Aussprache.
B2 verb /əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt/

originate

entstehen
Meaning
to come into existence; to begin; to create or produce
Example
The tradition originated in ancient times.
Die Tradition entstand in alten Zeiten.
C1 noun /mɪˈlɪʃə/

militia

Miliz
Meaning
a group of ordinary people who are trained to act as soldiers in emergencies
Example
The village formed a militia to defend against attacks.
Das Dorf bildete eine Miliz, um sich gegen Angriffe zu verteidigen.
C2 adjective /ˌsæsərˈdoʊtl/

sacerdotal

priesterlich
Meaning
Relating to priests or the priesthood.
Example
The ritual had a distinctly sacerdotal character.
Das Ritual hatte einen deutlich priesterlichen Charakter.
C2 noun /ɛnˈkoʊmiəm/

encomium

Lobrede
Meaning
A speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly.
Example
He delivered an encomium to his retiring teacher.
Er hielt eine Lobrede für seinen scheidenden Lehrer.
C2 verb /kɔːk/

caulk

abdichten
Meaning
to seal a crack or gap with a waterproof filler
Example
He caulked the window frames to stop the draft.
Er hat die Fensterrahmen abgedichtet, um den Luftzug zu stoppen.
C1 verb /ˈdʒɪtər/

jitter

zittern
Meaning
to shake or tremble slightly, often from fear, nervousness, or excitement
Example
He began to jitter nervously before giving his speech.
Er fing an, nervös zu zittern, bevor er seine Rede hielt.
C2 noun /əˈsɜːrbəti/

acerbity

Schärfe
Meaning
bitterness or sharpness of tone, manner, or taste
Example
The acerbity of his remarks left everyone silent.
Die Schärfe seiner Bemerkungen ließ alle in Stille zurück.
B2 adjective ˈkɒɡnɪtɪv

cognitive

kognitiv
Meaning
Related to mental processes of perception, memory, judgment, and reasoning.
Example
Cognitive functions improve with practice and learning.
Kognitive Funktionen verbessern sich mit Übung und Lernen.