philology
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C2 noun /fɪˈlɒl.ə.dʒi/

philology

die Studie der Sprache in schriftlichen historischen Quellen; Linguistik
Meaning
the study of language in written historical sources; linguistics
Example
She devoted her career to philology, researching ancient manuscripts.
Sie widmete ihre Karriere der Philologie und forschte an alten Manuskripten.
B2 noun /ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃən/

simulation

Simulation
Meaning
the imitation of a situation or process
Example
The simulation helped the students understand the complex theory.
Die Simulation half den Studierenden, die komplexe Theorie zu verstehen.
C2 noun /ˈɡævəl/

gavel

Hammer
Meaning
A small ceremonial mallet used by a judge or an auctioneer to signal attention or mark a decision.
Example
The judge struck the gavel to call the court to order.
Der Richter schlug mit dem Hammer, um das Gericht zu ordnen.
C1 adjective /ˌeɪsɪˈmɛtrɪk/

asymmetric

asymmetrisch
Meaning
Not having equal or corresponding parts; lacking symmetry.
Example
The design of the building is asymmetric and unusual.
Das Design des Gebäudes ist asymmetrisch und ungewöhnlich.
C2 verb /ˌdɪskəˈmoʊd/

discommode

belästigen
Meaning
To cause inconvenience or trouble to someone.
Example
I hope my request does not discommode you.
Ich hoffe, meine Anfrage wird Ihnen keine Unannehmlichkeiten bereiten.
B2 verb /ɪnˈheɪl/

inhale

einatmen
Meaning
to breathe in; to draw air into the lungs
Example
Take a deep breath and inhale slowly.
Nehmen Sie einen tiefen Atemzug und atmen Sie langsam ein.
C2 noun /ˈmɛtələ(r)dʒi/

metallurgy

Metallurgie
Meaning
The science and technology of metals, including their extraction from ores and their processing.
Example
Metallurgy plays a vital role in industrial development.
Metallurgie spielt eine entscheidende Rolle in der industriellen Entwicklung.
C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

Stillstand
Meaning
A situation where no progress is possible.
Example
The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.
Die Verhandlungen erreichten einen Stillstand, der die Vereinbarung verzögerte.
C2 noun /tʃɜːrl/

churl

Rüpel
Meaning
A rude, boorish, or ill-mannered person.
Example
The waiter was such a churl that customers left unhappy.
Der Kellner war so ein Rüpel, dass die Gäste unzufrieden waren.
A2 noun /ænt/

Ant

Ameise
Meaning
a small insect that lives in organized colonies and is known for hard work
Example
The ant carried a crumb that was twice its size.
Die Ameise trug ein Stück, das doppelt so groß wie sie war.
B2 noun /əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/

astonishment

Erstaunen
Meaning
Great surprise or amazement.
Example
She looked at the magician with astonishment.
Sie schaute den Magier mit Erstaunen an.
B2 adjective /ˈhek.tɪk/

Hectic

hektisch; chaotisch; voller Aktivitäten
Meaning
very busy and full of activity; frantic; characterized by intense activity or excitement
Example
My schedule has been hectic lately with back-to-back meetings.
Mein Zeitplan war in letzter Zeit hektisch mit aufeinanderfolgenden Besprechungen.
B2 noun/verb /rɪˈmɑːrk/

remark

Bemerkung
Meaning
something that is said; a comment
Example
She made a remark about the weather.
Sie machte eine Bemerkung über das Wetter.
A2 noun /ˈpɛpər/

pepper

Pfeffer
Meaning
a pungent spice obtained from pepper plants, used to flavor food
Example
I like to add pepper to my soup.
Ich mag es, Pfeffer zu meiner Suppe hinzuzufügen.
A1 determiner/pronoun/conjunction/adverb /ˈaɪðər/ or /ˈiːðər/

either

entweder
Meaning
Used to indicate a choice between two alternatives.
Example
You can either call me tonight or send me an email.
Du kannst mich heute Abend anrufen oder mir eine E-Mail schicken.
C1 noun /ˈpæn.θi.ən/

pantheon

alle Götter, Tempel, der allen Göttern gewidmet ist
Meaning
All the gods of a religion collectively; a building dedicated to all gods.
Example
The Roman Pantheon is one of the best-preserved ancient temples.
Das römische Pantheon ist eines der am besten erhaltenen antiken Tempel.
C1 noun /ɡroʊv/

grove

Hain / kleiner Obstgarten
Meaning
A small group of trees growing close together.
Example
They walked through the orange grove.
Sie gingen durch den Orangenhain.
C2 noun /ˈklaɪmɪŋ fɪʃ/

Climbing-fish

Kletterfisch
Meaning
a type of fish that can climb trees and survive out of water for short periods
Example
The climbing-fish can move from one pond to another by climbing trees.
Der Kletterfisch kann von einem Teich zum anderen klettern, indem er Bäume erklimmt.
C1 noun ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃən

insulation

Isolierung
Meaning
Material used to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from being transmitted from one area to another.
Example
Insulation of food storage areas can prevent pests from entering.
Die Isolierung von Lebensmittel-Lagerbereichen kann verhindern, dass Schädlinge eindringen.
A2 noun /mɛs/

mess

Durcheinander
Meaning
A state of disorder or untidiness.
Example
The kids left the room in a complete mess.
Die Kinder haben das Zimmer in totalem Durcheinander hinterlassen.
B2 noun /hɪˈstɔːriən/

historian

historiker
Meaning
a person who studies or writes about history
Example
The historian gave a lecture on ancient civilizations.
Der Historiker hielt einen Vortrag über antike Zivilisationen.
C2 noun /dɜːrdʒ/

dirge

Klagelied
Meaning
A mournful song, piece of music, or poem expressing grief, often for the dead.
Example
The choir sang a solemn dirge at the funeral.
Der Chor sang ein feierliches Klagelied bei der Beerdigung.
C1 noun /ˈhɑː.mɪ.saɪd/

Homicide

mord
Meaning
the deliberate and unlawful killing of one person by another; murder
Example
The detective was assigned to investigate the homicide that occurred downtown last night.
Der Detektiv wurde beauftragt, den Mord zu untersuchen, der letzte Nacht im Stadtzentrum passiert ist.
C2 adjective /bɒmˈbæstɪk/

bombastic

pompös
Meaning
using pompous or inflated language with little meaning
Example
The professor’s bombastic lecture impressed no one.
Die pompöse Vorlesung des Professors beeindruckte niemanden.
A2 adjective ˈæv.ər.ɪdʒ

average

Durchschnitt
Meaning
A number expressing the central or typical value in a set of data; constituting the result obtained by adding together several amounts and then dividing this total by the number of amounts.
Example
The average score reflects overall performance.
Die Durchschnittspunktzahl spiegelt die Gesamtleistung wider.
B2 verb /stʌn/

stun

erschüttern, betäuben
Meaning
to shock or surprise someone greatly; to knock someone unconscious or dazed
Example
The news of her sudden resignation stunned everyone.
Die Nachricht von ihrem plötzlichen Rücktritt hat alle erschüttert.
A1 modal verb, noun /meɪ/

may

kann sein / Mai Monat
Meaning
Used to express possibility, permission, or uncertainty; also the name of the fifth month of the year.
Example
You may leave early if you finish your work.
Du kannst früh gehen, wenn du deine Arbeit beendest.
C2 noun /ˈɒksɪdənt/

occident

Okzident
Meaning
The countries of the West, especially Europe and America.
Example
The Occident has a long history of philosophical thought.
Der Okzident hat eine lange Geschichte der philosophischen Gedanken.
C2 noun, verb /ɡɔːl/

gall

Frechheit, belästigen
Meaning
Annoyance, boldness, or to irritate.
Example
She had the gall to question his decision.
Sie hatte die Frechheit, seine Entscheidung zu hinterfragen.
C1 noun /ˌɒbstəˈtrɪʃən/

obstetrician

Geburtshelfer
Meaning
A doctor specializing in pregnancy, childbirth, and women's reproductive health.
Example
The obstetrician monitored the mother’s health throughout the pregnancy.
Der Geburtshelfer überwachte die Gesundheit der Mutter während der Schwangerschaft.
C2 noun /ˈæpəfθɛm/

apophthegm

kurzes, prägnantes und lehrreiches Sprichwort oder Maxime
Meaning
A short, pithy, and instructive saying or maxim.
Example
She always had a witty apophthegm to share at meetings.
Sie hatte immer ein humorvolles Apophthengem zu teilen bei Besprechungen.
C1 noun /ˈɔːr.ə.tɔːr.i/

oratory

Rhetorik
Meaning
The art of public speaking; skilled and confident delivery of speeches to an audience.
Example
His exceptional oratory skills won him the debate competition.
Seine außergewöhnlichen oratorischen Fähigkeiten verschafften ihm den Sieg im Debattierwettbewerb.
C2 noun /ɪkˈsɪʒən/

excision

Exzision
Meaning
the act of cutting something out, especially by surgical removal
Example
The excision of the infected tissue prevented further complications.
Die Exzision des infizierten Gewebes verhinderte weitere Komplikationen.
B2 noun /ˌkɑn.frənˈteɪ.ʃən/

Confrontation

Konfrontation
Meaning
a hostile or argumentative meeting or situation between opposing parties; direct challenge or opposition
Example
The confrontation between the two leaders ended without any agreement.
Die Konfrontation zwischen den beiden Führern endete ohne ein Ergebnis.
B2 adverb /ˈdʒɛnjʊɪnli/

genuinely

wirklich
Meaning
in a truthful and sincere way
Example
She genuinely cares about the environment.
Sie sorgt wirklich für die Umwelt.
C2 adjective /rɪˈzɪstləs/

resistless

unwiderstehlich
Meaning
Impossible to resist; having an overpowering effect.
Example
She felt a resistless urge to laugh at the joke.
Sie fühlte einen unwiderstehlichen Drang, über den Witz zu lachen.
C2 noun /ˈθɔːməˌtɜrdʒɪst/

thaumaturgist

Thaumaturg
Meaning
A worker of miracles or magician.
Example
The thaumaturgist amazed the audience with his tricks.
Der Thaumaturg verblüffte das Publikum mit seinen Tricks.
B2 noun /oʊˈbiː.di.əns/

Obedience

gehorsam
Meaning
compliance with an order, request, or law; submission to authority
Example
Children should show obedience to their parents.
Kinder sollten ihren Eltern Gehorsam zeigen.
C2 noun /ˌθiːəˈloʊdʒən/

theologian

Theologe
Meaning
A person who studies or is an expert in theology.
Example
Theologians often debate complex questions of faith and morality.
Theologen debattieren oft über komplexe Fragen des Glaubens und der Moral.
B2 noun /rɪˈhɜːr.səl/

Rehearsal

Probe; Übung einer Aufführung
Meaning
a practice performance of a play, concert, or other work for later public performance
Example
The final rehearsal before opening night went perfectly.
Die letzte Probe vor der Eröffnungsnacht war perfekt.
C2 verb /diːˈfrɑːk/

defrock

einen Priester seines Amtes entheben
Meaning
to officially remove a priest or minister from their position and authority
Example
The church decided to defrock the priest after the scandal.
Die Kirche entschied sich, den Priester nach dem Skandal zu entkleiden.
C2 verb /blæsˈfiːm/

blaspheme

lästern
Meaning
to speak irreverently about God or sacred things
Example
He was accused of blaspheming during the heated argument.
Er wurde beschuldigt, während der hitzigen Diskussion zu lästern.
C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃərəs/

torturous

quälend
Meaning
Extremely painful or causing great suffering; relating to or involving torture.
Example
The journey through the desert was long and torturous.
Die Reise durch die Wüste war lang und qualvoll.
B1 adjective /ɪmˈbær.ə.sɪŋ/

Embarrassing

peinlich; unangenehm; beschämend
Meaning
causing shame or awkwardness; uncomfortable; humiliating
Example
It was embarrassing when I forgot her name.
Es war peinlich, als ich ihren Namen vergessen habe.
C2 noun /nuːt/

Newt

molch
Meaning
a small amphibian with a long tail that lives both in water and on land
Example
The newt swam gracefully in the pond.
Der Molch schwamm anmutig im Teich.
A1 adjective /ˈbɪzi/

busy

beschäftigt
Meaning
actively engaged in work or activity; occupied
Example
He is too busy to answer the phone.
Er ist zu beschäftigt, um das Telefon abzunehmen.
C2 adjective /ˈfraʊzi/

frowsy

verwahrlost
Meaning
Scruffy and neglected in appearance; musty or stale in smell.
Example
He wore a frowsy old jacket that smelled of damp.
Er trug eine verwahrloste alte Jacke, die nach Feuchtigkeit roch.
C1 noun /ɡeɪdʒ/

Gauge

Messgerät
Meaning
an instrument for measuring the magnitude, amount, or contents of something
Example
The pressure gauge showed the tank was full.
Das Manometer zeigte an, dass der Tank voll war.
B2 noun /ˈʃəʊ.keɪs/

showcase

Vitrine, etwas auf attraktive oder vorteilhafte Weise präsentieren
Meaning
A display case or exhibition; to present something in an attractive or favorable way.
Example
The exhibition showcased the artist's best works.
Die Ausstellung zeigte die besten Werke des Künstlers.
B2 verb, noun /kəˈmjuːt/

commute

Pendeln
Meaning
Verb: to travel regularly between home and work; Noun: the journey to and from work.
Example
He commutes two hours every day to reach his office.
Er pendelt jeden Tag zwei Stunden, um sein Büro zu erreichen.
C2 verb /ˈɔːltərˌkeɪt/

altercate

streiten
Meaning
to argue or dispute angrily or noisily
Example
The neighbors began to altercate over the boundary wall.
Die Nachbarn begannen, sich über die Grenzmauer zu streiten.
C1 noun /ˈpoʊl.stɑːr/

Polestar

polarstern
Meaning
a bright star that appears to stay in the same position in the sky and is used for navigation
Example
Sailors used the polestar to navigate across the ocean.
Seefahrer benutzten den Polarstern, um über den Ozean zu navigieren.
B1 noun /ˈæŋɡl/

angle

Winkel
Meaning
The space between two intersecting lines or surfaces at the point where they meet.
Example
The teacher explained how to measure an angle in geometry.
Der Lehrer erklärte, wie man einen Winkel in der Geometrie misst.
C2 adjective /ˈfrəʊərd/

froward

stubborn
Meaning
Difficult to deal with; contrary and disobedient.
Example
The teacher found the froward child hard to manage.
Der Lehrer fand das störrische Kind schwer zu handhaben.
B1 noun /ˈkɒnflɪkt/

conflict

Konflikt
Meaning
A serious disagreement or argument, often a prolonged one.
Example
The two countries are trying to resolve the conflict through negotiations.
Die beiden Länder versuchen, den Konflikt durch Verhandlungen zu lösen.
B1 noun /kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən/

consideration

Glück
Meaning
careful thought or attention to something before making a decision
Example
After much consideration, she accepted the job offer.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
C2 adjective/noun /haɪˈbɜːrniən/

hibernian

hibernisch
Meaning
Relating to Ireland or the Irish.
Example
He enjoyed reading about Hibernian culture and history.
Er genoss es, über die hibernische Kultur und Geschichte zu lesen.
A2 adjective, noun /dɛd/

dead

tot
Meaning
No longer alive; the end of life.
Example
The old tree is completely dead.
Der alte Baum ist völlig tot.
C1 noun /noʊˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Nobility

Nobilität; hohe Rangordnung
Meaning
the quality of being noble in character; people of noble rank
Example
He showed great nobility in forgiving his enemies.
Er zeigte große Noblesse, indem er seinen Feinden vergab.
B2 adjective /ˌmʌl.tiˈpɜː.pəs/

Multipurpose

vielseitig
Meaning
having multiple uses or functions; versatile
Example
This multipurpose tool can be used as a knife, screwdriver, and bottle opener.
Dieses vielseitige Werkzeug kann als Messer, Schraubendreher und Flaschenöffner verwendet werden.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnfɔːrθˈkʌmɪŋ/

unforthcoming

zurückhaltend
Meaning
Not willing to talk or provide information; uncooperative.
Example
The witness was unforthcoming about what he had seen.
Der Zeuge war zurückhaltend, was er gesehen hatte.
B1 noun /ˈhæŋ.kər.tʃɪf/

Handkerchief

taschentuch
Meaning
a small piece of cloth used for wiping the nose or face
Example
She always carries a clean handkerchief in her purse.
Sie trägt immer ein sauberes Taschentuch in ihrer Tasche.
A1 noun /ˈsætərdeɪ/

saturday

Samstag
Meaning
The day of the week between Friday and Sunday; traditionally the sixth day of the week
Example
We are going to the beach on Saturday.
Wir gehen am Samstag zum Strand.
A2 noun /ˈsoʊ.fə/

Sofa

Sofa
Meaning
a long upholstered seat for more than one person
Example
The family gathered on the sofa to watch TV.
Die Familie setzte sich auf das Sofa, um fernzusehen.
B2 noun

Kitchen garden

Küchengarten; Garten in der Nähe der Küche
B1 noun /ˈwiːknəs/

weakness

Schwäche
Meaning
a state of being weak; a flaw or shortcoming in character or structure
Example
His main weakness is his lack of patience.
Seine größte Schwäche ist sein Mangel an Geduld.
C2 verb /əˈbɑː.mə.neɪt/

abominate

abominieren
Meaning
to feel hatred or loathing for something
Example
She abominates cruelty to animals.
Sie verabscheut Grausamkeit gegenüber Tieren.
B2 noun /ˈɡwɑːvə/

Guava

Guave
Meaning
a tropical fruit with sweet pink or white flesh and small seeds
Example
I love eating fresh guava from the tree in our garden.
Ich liebe es, frische Guaven aus dem Baum in unserem Garten zu essen.
B2 noun /ˈdʌklɪŋ/

duckling

Entlein
Meaning
a young duck
Example
The mother duck led her ducklings to the pond.
Die Mutterente führte ihre Entchen zum Teich.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɔːrˈɡænɪk/

inorganic

anorganisch
Meaning
relating to substances that are not derived from living organisms; lacking organic structure or growth
Example
Inorganic compounds are commonly studied in chemistry labs.
Anorganische Verbindungen sind wichtig in der Chemie.
C2 adjective /ˈmʌɡi/

muggy

schwül und feucht
Meaning
uncomfortably warm and humid
Example
It was a muggy afternoon in July.
Es war ein schwüler Nachmittag im Juli.
A2 noun ˈhɪs.tər.i

History

Geschichte
Meaning
The study of past events; a chronological record of events and heritage.
Example
The history of ancient civilizations fascinates scholars.
Die Geschichte antiker Zivilisationen fasziniert Gelehrte.
B1 adjective, verb /əˈproʊpriət/ (adj), /əˈproʊprieɪt/ (verb)

appropriate

angemessen / sich aneignen
Meaning
suitable or proper in the circumstances (adj); to take something for one’s own use, often without permission (verb)
Example
Wearing formal clothes was appropriate for the ceremony.
Das Tragen von formeller Kleidung war für die Zeremonie angemessen.
B2 noun ˈflæʃkɑːrdz

flashcards

Lernkarten
Meaning
Cards containing small amounts of information, held up for students to see, as an aid to learning.
Example
Flashcards help in quick memorization.
Lernkarten helfen bei der schnellen Memorierung.
B2 verb /ˌriːəˈʃʊr/

reassure

beruhigen
Meaning
to say or do something to remove someone's doubts or fears
Example
The teacher reassured the students before the exam.
Der Lehrer beruhigte die Schüler vor der Prüfung.
C1 verb /ˈfʌmbəl/

fumble

verpatzen
Meaning
to handle something clumsily or to make mistakes while doing something
Example
He fumbled with the keys and dropped them on the floor.
Er fummelte mit den Schlüsseln und ließ sie auf den Boden fallen.
C1 verb /pərˈplɛks/

perplex

verwirren / verblüffen
Meaning
To confuse or puzzle someone.
Example
The complex instructions perplexed the students.
Die komplexen Anweisungen verwirrten die Studenten.
C1 noun /ˈwiː.vər bɜːd/

Weaver bird

Webervogel
Meaning
a small bird that builds elaborate woven nests from grass and twigs
Example
The weaver bird skillfully constructs its intricate nest.
Der Webervogel baut geschickt sein komplexes Nest
C1 adjective prəˈvɪnʃəl

provincial

provinziell
Meaning
Of or concerning a province of a country or empire.
Example
Bengali was not just a provincial language.
Bengalisch war nicht nur eine provinzielle Sprache.
C1 adjective /sɪˈmɛtrɪkəl/

symmetrical

symmetrisch
Meaning
having parts on either side that match or are the same in shape, size, or arrangement
Example
The artist designed a symmetrical pattern on the floor.
Der Künstler entwarf ein symmetrisches Muster auf dem Boden.
C1 noun /ədˈmɪtəns/

admittance

Einlass
Meaning
the process or fact of entering or being allowed to enter a place
Example
No admittance without a valid ticket.
Kein Einlass ohne ein gültiges Ticket.
C1 adjective /ˈspeɪʃəl/

spatial

räumlich
Meaning
relating to space or the position, area, and size of things
Example
The scientist studied the spatial arrangement of stars.
Der Wissenschaftler studierte die räumliche Anordnung der Sterne.
B1 adjective /ˈmæsɪv/

Massive

massiv; äußerst groß; in Größe oder Menge riesig
Meaning
extremely large; huge in size or amount
Example
The company made a massive profit this year.
Das Unternehmen hat in diesem Jahr einen massiven Gewinn erzielt.
C2 noun /ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒɪst/

genealogist

Genealoge
Meaning
A person who studies or traces the history of families and their lineages.
Example
The genealogist uncovered records dating back to the 18th century.
Der Genealoge entdeckte Aufzeichnungen aus dem 18. Jahrhundert.
C2 adjective /məˈnaɪəkəl/

maniacal

manisch
Meaning
behaving like a maniac; showing excessive enthusiasm or madness
Example
He gave a maniacal laugh during the movie.
Er gab während des Films ein manisches Lachen von sich.
C1 noun /stents/

stents

Stents
Meaning
Small mesh tubes used to treat narrow or blocked arteries.
Example
Stents were successfully placed using robotic techniques.
Die Stents wurden erfolgreich mit robotergestützten Techniken platziert.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈdʒɛnjuəs/

ingenuous

gutgläubig
Meaning
Innocent, naive, and unsuspecting; showing childlike simplicity and sincerity.
Example
Her ingenuous smile revealed her genuine kindness.
Ihr gutgläubiges Lächeln zeigte ihre wahre Freundlichkeit.
B2 adjective /ˈpæn.ɪ.ki/

Panicky

panisch; ängstlich und furchtsam
Meaning
feeling or showing panic; anxious and fearful
Example
The crowd became panicky when the fire alarm sounded.
Die Menge wurde panisch, als der Feueralarm ertönte.
B2 verb /ænˈtɪsɪˌpeɪt/

anticipate

erwarten
Meaning
to expect or look forward to something; to realize or foresee in advance
Example
We anticipate a large crowd at the event.
Wir erwarten eine große Menschenmenge bei der Veranstaltung.
B2 adjective /ˈhaɪˌprəʊfaɪl/

high-profile

hochkarätig
Meaning
having a lot of attention or public notice
Example
The CEO attended a high-profile conference in New York.
Der CEO nahm an einer hochkarätigen Konferenz in New York teil.
C2 adjective /ˌsɛm.iˈkɒn.ʃəs/

semiconscious

halb bewusst
Meaning
Only partly conscious; not fully aware of surroundings.
Example
He was semiconscious after the accident and could barely respond.
Er war nach dem Unfall semibewusst und konnte kaum reagieren.
C1 noun /ˈseɪ.tən/

Satan

Satan
Meaning
the chief evil spirit; the Devil in Christian and Islamic belief
Example
According to religious texts, Satan tempts people to sin.
Laut religiösen Texten verführt Satan die Menschen zur Sünde.
C2 noun /ˈbiː.təl nʌt/

Betel-nut

Betelnuss
Meaning
seed of the areca palm tree, often chewed as a stimulant
Example
Betel-nut is commonly chewed in many South Asian countries.
Betelnüsse werden in vielen südasiatischen Ländern häufig gekaut.
C2 adjective /ɔːrˈθɑːɡənl/

orthogonal

orthogonal
Meaning
at right angles; independent or unrelated
Example
In mathematics, two vectors are orthogonal if their dot product is zero.
In der Mathematik sind zwei Vektoren orthogonal, wenn ihr Skalarprodukt null ist.
C2 adjective/noun /ɪnˈkɑːrnədiːn/

incarnadine

lebenskräftiges rot
Meaning
a bright crimson or pinkish-red color
Example
The sky turned incarnadine at sunset.
Der Himmel wurde beim Sonnenuntergang lebendig rot.
B2 adjective /lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs/

luxurious

luxuriös
Meaning
extremely comfortable, elegant, or enjoyable, often involving great expense
Example
They stayed in a luxurious hotel during their vacation.
Sie übernachteten in einem luxuriösen Hotel während ihres Urlaubs.
B1 verb /juˈnaɪt/

unite

vereinigen
Meaning
to join together or combine; to bring people or things together
Example
The crisis helped unite the community.
Die Krise half, die Gemeinschaft zu vereinen.
A2 adjective /ˈmɒdən/

modern

modern
Meaning
relating to the present or recent times, not ancient or old-fashioned
Example
They live in a modern apartment with new facilities.
Sie leben in einer modernen Wohnung mit neuen Einrichtungen.
C1 noun /ˈkɒt.ən ˈfæb.rɪk/

Cotton Fabric

Baumwollstoff
Meaning
textile made from cotton fibers, known for being soft, breathable, and comfortable
Example
Cotton fabric is perfect for summer clothing.
Baumwollstoff ist perfekt für Sommerkleidung.
B1 noun /ˌdɛmənˈstreɪʃən/

demonstration

Demonstration, Protest
Meaning
the act of showing something clearly, or a public protest
Example
The workers organized a demonstration for better wages.
Die Arbeiter organisierten eine Demonstration für bessere Löhne.
C2 noun /raɪm/

rime

Raureif
Meaning
frost formed on cold surfaces by freezing water vapor
Example
The trees were covered with a white rime after the cold night.
Die Bäume waren nach der kalten Nacht mit weißem Raureif bedeckt.
C2 adjective /ˈrɛkriənt/

recreant

feige, verräterisch
Meaning
cowardly or unfaithful to duty
Example
The recreant soldier abandoned his post in fear.
Der feige Soldat verließ seinen Posten aus Angst.
C2 noun /ˈkruːɪt/

cruet

kleiner Behälter
Meaning
a small container, especially for salt, pepper, oil, or vinegar, used at a dining table
Example
She filled the cruet with olive oil for the salad.
Sie füllte den Cruet mit Olivenöl für den Salat.
C2 adjective /dɪsˈpɛptɪk/

dyspeptic

Dyspepsie, schlecht gelaunt
Meaning
Relating to indigestion or having a gloomy or irritable disposition.
Example
After the heavy meal, he felt dyspeptic and uncomfortable.
Nach der schweren Mahlzeit fühlte er sich dyspeptisch und unwohl.
B2 noun kənˌtæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən

contamination

kontamination
Meaning
The process of making something less pure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance.
Example
Contamination of air leads to health issues.
Die Luftkontamination führt zu Gesundheitsproblemen.
B1 noun /ˈrɛzɪdəns/

residence

residenz
Meaning
a place where someone lives; a home or dwelling
Example
He recently moved to a new residence near the city center.
Er ist kürzlich in eine neue Residenz in der Nähe des Stadtzentrums gezogen.
B1 noun /ˈsɪɡ.nəl/

Signal

Signal
Meaning
a gesture, action, or sound that conveys information or instruction
Example
The traffic signal turned red, so we stopped.
Das Verkehrssignal wurde rot, also hielten wir an.
B1 verb /dɪˈlɪvər/

deliver

liefern
Meaning
to bring or hand over something to the intended recipient
Example
The courier will deliver the package tomorrow.
Der Kurier wird das Paket morgen liefern.
C1 noun /jiːld ˌɒptɪmaɪˈzeɪʃən/

yield optimization

Ertragsoptimierung
Meaning
The process of maximizing the productivity or efficiency of crop production through various agricultural techniques and practices.
Example
Yield optimization techniques can significantly improve crop production.
Techniken zur Ertragsoptimierung können die Ernteproduktion erheblich verbessern.
C2 noun /ˈlɔɪtərər/

loiterer

eine Person, die ziellos an einem Ort verweilt
Meaning
A person who lingers aimlessly in a place without purpose.
Example
The police questioned the loiterer outside the store.
Die Polizei befragte den Loiterer vor dem Laden.
C2 noun /ˈmænˌiː.tər/

man-eater

Menschenfresser
Meaning
An animal that kills and eats humans; informally, a woman who is very assertive in relationships.
Example
The tiger became a notorious man-eater in the village.
Der Tiger wurde in dem Dorf ein berüchtigter Menschenfresser.
B2 noun /məˈlɛəriə/

malaria

Malaria
Meaning
a serious infectious disease spread by mosquitoes, causing fever, chills, and sweating
Example
Malaria is a common disease in tropical regions.
Malaria ist eine häufige Krankheit in tropischen Regionen.
B2 noun /ˌɔːtəbaɪˈɒɡrəfi/

autobiography

autobiografie
Meaning
An account of a person's life written by that person.
Example
She published an autobiography about her journey to success.
Sie veröffentlichte eine Autobiografie über ihre Reise zum Erfolg.
C2 verb /ˈblʌdʒən/

bludgeon

mit einem Knüppel schlagen
Meaning
to hit someone with a heavy object; to force someone into doing something
Example
The guard was bludgeoned by the attacker in the alley.
Der Wachmann wurde von dem Angreifer in der Gasse mit einem Knüppel geschlagen.
C2 noun /ˈɔːspɪs/

auspice

Omen, Patronat
Meaning
A sign, omen, or divine token; also refers to protection or support.
Example
The project was launched under the auspice of the government.
Das Projekt wurde unter dem Patronat der Regierung gestartet.
A2 noun /ˈneɪ.bər/

Neighbour

Nachbar; daneben
Meaning
a person who lives near or next to another person
Example
My neighbour is very friendly and helpful.
Mein Nachbar ist sehr freundlich und hilfsbereit.
A2 verb /kəmˈpliːt/

complete

abschließen
Meaning
to finish making or doing something; to bring something to an end
Example
She managed to complete the project on time.
Sie hat es geschafft, das Projekt rechtzeitig abzuschließen.
A2 noun ˈliːdər

leader

Führer
Meaning
A person who leads or commands a group, organization, or country.
Example
The leader inspired people.
Der Führer inspirierte die Menschen.
C2 noun /ˈpɒlɪti/

polity

Politik, Regierungssystem
Meaning
an organized society or form of government
Example
The ancient Greek polity had a system of city-states.
Die antike griechische Politik hatte ein System von Stadtstaaten.
C2 noun /ˌtɛliˈɒlədʒi/

teleology

Teleologie
Meaning
the explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve rather than by cause
Example
Aristotle is often associated with the concept of teleology in philosophy.
Aristoteles wird oft mit dem Konzept der Teleologie in der Philosophie in Verbindung gebracht.
C2 adjective /vɛˈstɪdʒiəl/

vestigial

vestigial
Meaning
Relating to a small, undeveloped remnant of something that was once much larger or more functional.
Example
Humans have a vestigial tailbone that no longer serves its original purpose.
Menschen haben ein vestigiales Steißbein, das seine ursprüngliche Funktion nicht mehr erfüllt.