C2 noun /ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn/

perturbation

Störung

Meaning

A state of anxiety, disturbance, or disorder.

Example

The announcement caused a perturbation in the financial markets.

Die Ankündigung verursachte eine Störung auf den Finanzmärkten.

C2 verb /ˈpælpɪˌteɪt/

palpitate

schnell schlagen

Meaning

to beat rapidly and strongly, often because of fear, excitement, or illness

Example

Her heart began to palpitate with fear.

Ihr Herz begann vor Angst zu palpieren.

B2 adjective /ˈfoʊni/

phony

falsch, betrügerisch

Meaning

not genuine; fraudulent or insincere

Example

He gave a phony smile to hide his true feelings.

Er gab ein falsches Lächeln, um seine wahren Gefühle zu verbergen.

C1 noun ˌpraɪ.vɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

privatization

Privatisierung

Meaning

The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.

Example

The privatization of state-owned companies increased efficiency.

Die Privatisierung staatlicher Unternehmen erhöhte die Effizienz.

B1 verb /prəˈsiːd/

proceed

fortfahren

Meaning

to continue with a course of action; to move forward

Example

Let's proceed with the meeting as planned.

Lassen Sie uns mit der Besprechung wie geplant fortfahren.

C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ɪ.staɪn/

philistine

eine Person, die gleichgültig oder feindlich gegenüber Kultur und Kunst ist

Meaning

a person who is indifferent or hostile to culture and the arts

Example

He was criticized as a philistine for dismissing modern art.

Er wurde als Philistiner kritisiert, weil er moderne Kunst abgelehnt hat.

C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ə.dʒɪ.nɪst/

philogynist

eine Person, die Frauen liebt oder bewundert

Meaning

a person who loves or admires women

Example

As a known philogynist, he advocated for women's education.

Als bekannter Philogynist setzte er sich für die Bildung von Frauen ein.

B2 noun ˈpærəˌlɛlz

parallels

Parallelen

Meaning

Similarities or comparisons between two different things or situations

Example

There are parallels between Japan's aging issues and Bangladesh's situation.

Es gibt Parallelen zwischen den Altersproblemen Japans und der Situation in Bangladesch.

C1 adjective /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊzd/

predisposed

neigung

Meaning

Likely or inclined to be affected by something in advance.

Example

She is predisposed to trust people easily.

Sie ist geneigt, Menschen leicht zu vertrauen.

C2 noun /ˌpriːɪɡˈzɪstəns/

preexistence

Präexistenz

Meaning

the state of existing before something else

Example

Philosophers often debated the preexistence of the soul.

Philosophen debattierten oft über die Präexistenz der Seele.

C2 noun /ˌpliːnɪpəˈtɛnʃəri/

plenipotentiary

Plenipotentiär

Meaning

a person invested with full power to act on behalf of another, especially in diplomacy

Example

The ambassador was a plenipotentiary sent to negotiate the treaty.

Der Botschafter war ein Plenipotentiär, der geschickt wurde, um den Vertrag zu verhandeln.

B2 adjective /pəˈluː.tɪd/

polluted

verschmutzt

Meaning

Contaminated with harmful or poisonous substances.

Example

Polluted air causes severe health problems.

Verschmutzte Luft verursacht schwere Gesundheitsprobleme.

C1 adjective /prəˈhɪbɪtɪv/

prohibitive

verboten teuer

Meaning

Too high or expensive to be affordable; serving to prevent or discourage action.

Example

The cost of the medication is prohibitive for many families.

Die Kosten für das Medikament sind für viele Familien unerschwinglich.

C1 adjective /ˈpɪt.i.ə.bəl/

pitiable

bemitleidenswert

Meaning

deserving sympathy or compassion

Example

The stray dog looked pitiable in the rain.

Der streunende Hund sah im Regen bemitleidenswert aus.

B2 noun /ˈpeə.rən.tɪŋ/

parenting

Erziehung

Meaning

The care and training a child receives while growing up, involving the development of their mental, physical, and social aspects.

Example

Effective parenting helps children develop confidence and independence.

Effektive Erziehung hilft Kindern, Vertrauen und Unabhängigkeit zu entwickeln.

C2 noun /fɪˈlɒl.ə.dʒɪst/

philologist

Philologe

Meaning

a person who studies languages and their history

Example

The philologist analyzed ancient texts to understand language evolution.

Der Philologe analysierte alte Texte, um die Sprachentwicklung zu verstehen.

C1 noun ˌpriː.dɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən

predisposition

Veranlagung

Meaning

A natural tendency or inclination toward a particular behavior or condition.

Example

Genetic factors can influence a person's predisposition to diseases.

Genetische Faktoren können die Prädisposition einer Person zu Krankheiten beeinflussen.

C2 noun /ˈproʊtoʊˌplæzəm/

protoplasm

Protoplasma

Meaning

The living substance inside a cell, including the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Example

Scientists observed the movement of protoplasm under the microscope.

Wissenschaftler beobachteten die Bewegung des Protoplasmas unter dem Mikroskop.

B2 adjective /pəˈsɪs.tənt/

persistent

hartnäckig

Meaning

continuing to exist or endure over a prolonged period

Example

Despite many setbacks, her persistent efforts led to success.

Trotz vieler Rückschläge führten ihre hartnäckigen Bemühungen zum Erfolg.

C1 adjective /præɡˈmæt.ɪk/

pragmatic

pragmatisch

Meaning

Dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than idealistic considerations.

Example

He took a pragmatic approach to solving the financial crisis.

Er nahm einen pragmatischen Ansatz zur Lösung der Finanzkrise.

C1 adjective /pərˈmɪsəbl̩/

permissible

erlaubt

Meaning

allowed or permitted by rules or law

Example

It is permissible to park here after 6 p.m.

Es ist erlaubt, hier nach 18 Uhr zu parken.

C1 noun /pɜːrl drɒp/

Pearl drop

Perlen Tropfen

Meaning

a single pearl used as jewelry, often in earrings or pendants

Example

The elegant pearl drop earrings complemented her outfit perfectly.

Die eleganten Perlen Tropfen Ohrringe ergänzten ihr Outfit perfekt.

C2 noun /ˈpjuːdʒɪlɪzəm/

pugilism

Boxen

Meaning

The practice or sport of boxing.

Example

He studied the art of pugilism in his youth.

Er studierte die Kunst des Boxens in seiner Jugend.

C1 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən ˌflaʊ.ər/

Passion flower

Passionsblume

Meaning

A climbing plant with intricate, colorful flowers; also refers to royal poinciana tree with red-orange blooms

Example

The passion flower vine covered the garden wall with beautiful blooms.

Die Passionsblumenranke bedeckte die Gartenmauer mit wunderschönen Blüten.

B2 noun /ˈpaɪ.rə.si/

Piracy

Piraterie

Meaning

the practice of attacking and robbing ships at sea; the unauthorized use or reproduction of copyrighted material

Example

Software piracy costs companies billions of dollars annually.

Softwarepiraterie kostet Unternehmen jährlich Milliarden von Dollar.

C1 noun /pləˈsiːboʊ/

placebo

Placebo

Meaning

a substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs

Example

The patient was given a placebo to compare the effect of the real drug.

Der Patient erhielt ein Placebo, um die Wirkung des echten Medikaments zu vergleichen.

C2 noun /ˈpæn.θi.ɪ.zəm/

pantheism

Pantheismus

Meaning

The belief that God and the universe are identical, or that everything is a manifestation of God.

Example

Spinoza’s philosophy is often associated with pantheism.

Die Philosophie von Spinoza wird oft mit dem Pantheismus in Verbindung gebracht.

B1 noun /ˈpæsɪŋ/

passing

Übertritt, Tod

Meaning

the act of moving past something or the end of someone's life

Example

The passing of the leader was a great loss for the nation.

Der Tod des Führers war ein großer Verlust für die Nation.

B2 noun /pərˈfek.ʃən/

Perfection

Vollkommenheit

Meaning

the state of being complete and without flaws; the highest degree of excellence

Example

The artist spent years trying to achieve perfection in his paintings.

Der Künstler verbrachte Jahre damit, in seinen Gemälden Vollkommenheit zu erreichen.

B2 noun /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒ/

Privilege

Privileg

Meaning

a special right or advantage that only one person or group has

Example

It's a privilege to work with such talented people.

Es ist ein Privileg, mit so talentierten Menschen zu arbeiten.

C2 noun /ˈpoʊ.ə.si/

poesy

dichtung

Meaning

poetry; the art or composition of poems

Example

The anthology was filled with romantic poesy.

Die Anthologie war voll romantischer Dichtung.

B2 noun /prɒkˈsɪmɪti/

proximity

Nähe

Meaning

Nearness in space, time, or relationship.

Example

The proximity of the school to her house made it convenient.

Die Nähe der Schule zu ihrem Haus machte es bequem.

C2 adjective /ˌpɒliˈæn.ɪ.ɪʃ/

pollyannaish

übermäßig optimistisch

Meaning

overly or blindly optimistic

Example

Her pollyannaish attitude ignored the obvious problems.

Ihre übermäßig optimistische Haltung ignorierte die offensichtlichen Probleme.

B2 verb /pəˈzɛs/

possess

besitzen / haben

Meaning

To have or own something; to hold a quality or characteristic.

Example

She possesses great talent in music.

Sie besitzt großes Talent in der Musik.

A2 noun /ˈpiːˈsi/

pc

Personal Computer

Meaning

abbreviation for 'personal computer', a machine for performing digital operations

Example

I just bought a new PC for work.

Ich habe gerade einen neuen Personal Computer für die Arbeit gekauft.

C1 noun /ˈpɛs.tɪ.saɪd ˈrɛz.ɪ.djuː/

pesticide-residue

Pestizidrückstände

Meaning

Chemical remnants left over from pesticides used on crops or in soil.

Example

Excess pesticide-residue in food can be harmful to health.

Übermäßige Pestizidrückstände in Lebensmitteln können schädlich für die Gesundheit sein.

C1 adjective /ˌpɛd.əˈɡɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

pedagogical

pädagogisch

Meaning

Relating to teaching and education; concerned with the methods and practice of teaching.

Example

The school adopted new pedagogical techniques to improve learning.

Die Schule hat neue pädagogische Techniken übernommen, um das Lernen zu verbessern.

B2 noun pɑrˈtɪʃən

partition

Partition

Meaning

The action of dividing or being divided into parts; separation.

Example

Partition caused unrest.

Die Partition verursachte Unruhe.

C1 noun /ˈpæl.ət/

Palate

Gaumen; Fähigkeit, Aromen zu unterscheiden

Meaning

the roof of the mouth; a person's ability to distinguish between different flavors

Example

The chef created dishes to please every palate.

Der Koch kreierte Gerichte, um jeden Gaumen zu erfreuen.

C2 noun /fɪˈlɒl.ə.dʒi/

philology

die Studie der Sprache in schriftlichen historischen Quellen; Linguistik

Meaning

the study of language in written historical sources; linguistics

Example

She devoted her career to philology, researching ancient manuscripts.

Sie widmete ihre Karriere der Philologie und forschte an alten Manuskripten.

B2 adjective /ˈpæn.ɪ.ki/

Panicky

panisch; ängstlich und furchtsam

Meaning

feeling or showing panic; anxious and fearful

Example

The crowd became panicky when the fire alarm sounded.

Die Menge wurde panisch, als der Feueralarm ertönte.

C2 adjective /pruːˈdɛnʃəl/

prudential

Meaning

involving or showing prudence, especially in financial or business matters

Example

The bank has set prudential rules to protect depositors.

Die Bank hat prudenzielle Regeln zum Schutz der Einleger aufgestellt.

C2 verb /pɔːrˈtɛnd/

portend

vorzeichen

Meaning

To be a sign or warning that something, especially something bad, is going to happen.

Example

Dark clouds portend a storm.

Dunkle Wolken deuten auf einen Sturm hin.

C1 noun /ˈprɒv.ɜːb/

Proverb

Glück

Meaning

a short saying that expresses a general truth or gives advice

Example

The proverb 'Early to bed, early to rise' teaches us about good habits.

Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.

C1 noun/verb /ˈprɛdɪkət/ (noun), /ˈprɛdɪkeɪt/ (verb)

predicate

Prädikat / basieren auf

Meaning

noun: the part of a sentence that tells something about the subject; verb: to base or establish something on a particular idea

Example

His theory is predicated on sound research.

Seine Theorie basiert auf solider Forschung.

C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

strafend

Meaning

Inflicting or intended as punishment.

Example

The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.

Das Unternehmen sah sich strafrechtlichen Maßnahmen ausgesetzt, weil es das Gesetz verletzt hatte.

C1 noun /ˈpriːsɪŋkt/

precinct

Bezirk

Meaning

A district or area within the boundaries of a city, often for police or electoral purposes.

Example

She went to vote at her local precinct.

Sie ging, um in ihrem lokalen Bezirk abzustimmen.

B1 noun /ˈfɪzɪks/

physics

Physik

Meaning

the natural science that studies matter, energy, and the interactions between them

Example

She decided to major in physics at the university.

Sie entschied sich, an der Universität Physik zu studieren.

C1 adjective /ˈprɪnsəpəld/

principled

prinzipientreu

Meaning

acting in accordance with moral or ethical standards

Example

He is a principled leader who always puts honesty first.

Er ist ein prinzipientreuer Führer, der immer Ehrlichkeit an erste Stelle setzt.

C1 noun /prɪˈdɒmɪnəns/

predominance

Vorrang

Meaning

The state of being greater in number, strength, or importance.

Example

The predominance of online shopping has changed retail forever.

Die Vorrangstellung des Online-Shoppings hat den Einzelhandel für immer verändert.

B1 adjective /pleɪn/

plain

einfach

Meaning

simple or clear, without decoration or complexity

Example

She wore a plain white dress to the ceremony.

Sie trug ein einfaches weißes Kleid zur Zeremonie.

B2 noun ˈprɒs.pekt

prospect

Aussicht

Meaning

The possibility or likelihood of some future event occurring.

Example

The project's success holds great prospect for the economy.

Der Erfolg des Projekts bietet eine große Aussicht für die Wirtschaft.

B1 noun /ˈplʌm.ər/

plumber

Klempner

Meaning

a person who installs or repairs water pipes

Example

The plumber fixed the leaking pipe in the kitchen.

Der Klempner reparierte das leckende Rohr in der Küche.

B1 verb /pərˈmɪt/

permit

erlauben

Meaning

to allow or give permission; to make possible

Example

The teacher permits students to use calculators during the exam.

Der Lehrer erlaubt den Schülern, Taschenrechner während der Prüfung zu benutzen.

B2 adjective /ˈprɛsɪŋ/

pressing

dringend

Meaning

Requiring immediate attention or urgent action.

Example

The manager had to deal with several pressing issues at once.

Der Manager musste gleichzeitig mehrere dringende Probleme lösen.

B1 noun pəˈfɔː.məns

performance

Leistung

Meaning

The action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action, task, or function.

Example

Performance improvements boost confidence.

Leistungsverbesserungen steigern das Vertrauen.

C2 adjective /pʌɡˈneɪʃəs/

pugnacious

streitlustig

Meaning

Having a quarrelsome or combative nature; eager to fight.

Example

His pugnacious attitude often got him into trouble.

Seine streitlustige Haltung brachte ihn oft in Schwierigkeiten.

C1 noun /ˈpɛdəstəl/

pedestal

Sockel / Podest

Meaning

the base or support on which a statue or object stands

Example

The statue was placed on a marble pedestal.

Die Statue wurde auf einem Marmorsockel platziert.

B1 verb /prəˈpoʊz/

propose

vorschlagen

Meaning

to suggest an idea or plan for consideration; to ask someone to marry you

Example

I propose we take a short break.

Ich schlage vor, dass wir eine kurze Pause machen.

C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

Schmollen

Meaning

to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness

Example

The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.

Das Kind begann zu schmollen, als es das Spielzeug nicht bekam.

A2 noun,verb /pleɪn/

plane

flache Oberfläche; Flugzeug; ebnen

Meaning

a flat surface; an aircraft; to make smooth

Example

The carpenter used a tool to plane the wood.

Der Tischler benutzte ein Werkzeug, um das Holz zu ebnen.

C2 noun /ˈpɜr.fɪ.di/

Perfidy

Perfidi

Meaning

deliberate breach of faith or trust; treachery; betrayal of trust

Example

His perfidy shocked all who had trusted him.

Seine Perfidie schockierte alle, die ihm vertraut hatten.

C2 noun /ˌpɛkəˈdɪloʊ/

peccadillo

kleiner Fehler

Meaning

a small or minor fault or sin

Example

Forgetting to call was just a small peccadillo, not a serious mistake.

Das Vergessen zu telefonieren war nur ein kleiner Fehler, kein ernsthafter Fehler.

C1 noun /ˈsuːdənɪm/

pseudonym

Pseudonym

Meaning

a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name

Example

Mark Twain was the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.

Mark Twain war das Pseudonym von Samuel Clemens.

B2 verb /pʌmp/

pump

pumpen

Meaning

to force liquid or gas to move in a particular direction using a device

Example

They pumped water from the well into the tank.

Sie pumpten Wasser aus dem Brunnen in den Tank.

C1 noun /poʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

polarity

Polarität

Meaning

the state of having two opposite or contradictory tendencies, opinions, or aspects

Example

The polarity between the two political parties is growing stronger.

Die Polarität zwischen den beiden politischen Parteien wird immer stärker.

B1 noun /ˈpɔɪ.zən/

Poison

Gift

Meaning

a substance that is capable of causing death or illness

Example

The snake's bite contains deadly poison.

Der Biss der Schlange enthält tödliches Gift.

C2 noun /pəˈlɛmɪks/

polemics

Polemik

Meaning

the art or practice of engaging in controversial debate or dispute

Example

The conference was full of polemics on economic reforms.

Die Konferenz war voller Polemiken über wirtschaftliche Reformen.

A2 noun /ˈpɑːsˌpɔːrt/

passport

Reisepass

Meaning

an official government document that identifies a person and allows them to travel internationally

Example

She renewed her passport before traveling abroad.

Sie erneuerte ihren Reisepass vor der Auslandsreise.

C1 adjective /pərˈsɛptəbl̩/

perceptible

wahrnehmbar

Meaning

Able to be noticed or recognized by the senses or the mind.

Example

There was a perceptible change in the atmosphere.

Es gab eine wahrnehmbare Veränderung in der Atmosphäre.

C1 noun /ˈpærəˌlɛlɪzəm/

parallelism

Parallelismus

Meaning

The state of being parallel or similar; in literature, the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same or similar in construction.

Example

The writer used parallelism to give rhythm to his prose.

Der Schriftsteller benutzte Parallelismus, um seinem Prosa Rhythmus zu verleihen.

C1 noun /ˈplɛθərə/

plethora

eine übermäßige Menge

Meaning

an excessive amount of something

Example

She has a plethora of books on her shelf.

Sie hat eine übermäßige Menge an Büchern auf ihrem Regal.

B1 verb /pɑːrtɪsɪˈpeɪtɪŋ/

participating

teilnehmen

Meaning

Taking part in an activity or event.

Example

He is participating in the Antarctic expedition.

Er nimmt an der antarktischen Expedition teil.

C2 adjective /ˌfoʊtoʊɪˈlɛktrɪk/

photoelectric

fotoelektrisch

Meaning

relating to the emission of electrons or other free carriers when light shines on a material

Example

The photoelectric effect is fundamental in solar panels.

Der fotoelektrische Effekt ist grundlegend in Solarzellen.

A1 adjective /pɪŋk/

Pink

rosa

Meaning

pale red color; slightly red

Example

She wore a beautiful pink dress to the party.

Sie trug ein schönes rosa Kleid auf der Party.

C1 adjective /pərˈpetʃuəl/

perpetual

perpetuell

Meaning

never-ending or continuous

Example

She lived in perpetual fear of being discovered.

Sie lebte in ständiger Angst, entdeckt zu werden.

B1 adjective /pərˈtɪk.jʊ.lər/

particular

besonders

Meaning

specific or special; distinct from others

Example

He is very particular about his diet.

Er ist sehr besonders bei seiner Diät.

C2 noun /prəˈtɛktərət/

protectorate

Protektorat

Meaning

A state that is controlled and protected by another.

Example

The small country became a protectorate of the empire.

Das kleine Land wurde zu einem Protektorat des Imperiums.

C2 noun /ˈpoʊtənˌteɪt/

potentate

Potentat

Meaning

A monarch or ruler, especially one with absolute power.

Example

The ancient land was ruled by a powerful potentate.

Das alte Land wurde von einem mächtigen Potentaten regiert.

C2 adjective /ˌpɛrənˈθɛtɪkəl/

parenthetical

Kommentar in Klammern

Meaning

Relating to or expressed in parentheses; a side remark or digression.

Example

He added a parenthetical comment during the lecture.

Er fügte während der Vorlesung einen Kommentar in Klammern hinzu.

B2 noun /pæd/

pad

Pad

Meaning

a small cushion or block of soft material; also a set of sheets of paper fastened together

Example

He wrote her phone number on a yellow pad.

Er schrieb ihre Telefonnummer auf ein gelbes Pad.

C1 adjective /prɪˈsɪpɪtəs/

precipitous

steil oder plötzlich

Meaning

Extremely steep or sudden; done quickly without careful consideration.

Example

The hikers struggled to climb the precipitous slope.

Die Wanderer hatten Schwierigkeiten, den steilen Abhang hinaufzusteigen.

B2 noun /plænˈteɪʃən/

plantation

Plantage

Meaning

a large area of land where crops are grown, often for commercial purposes

Example

The sugarcane plantation stretched for miles across the valley.

Die Zuckerrohrplantage erstreckte sich über Meilen durch das Tal.

C2 adjective /ˈprɑːflɪɡət/

profligate

verschwenderisch

Meaning

recklessly extravagant or wasteful in resources

Example

The king was known for his profligate lifestyle.

Der König war bekannt für seinen verschwenderischen Lebensstil.

B1 noun /pɑːrˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/

participation

Beteiligung

Meaning

the action of taking part in something

Example

Her participation in the competition was commendable.

Ihre Beteiligung am Wettbewerb war lobenswert.

B1 noun prɪˈven.ʃən

prevention

prävention

Meaning

The action of stopping something from happening or arising.

Example

Prevention of fascism ensures democracy.

Die Prävention des Faschismus sichert die Demokratie.

C2 adjective, noun /pləˈbiːən/

plebian

gewöhnlich, vom einfachen Volk

Meaning

alternate spelling of 'plebeian'; common or ordinary

Example

His tastes were rather plebian, favoring simple food and clothes.

Sein Geschmack war ziemlich gewöhnlich, er bevorzugte einfaches Essen und Kleidung.

A2 noun ˈpraɪsɪz

prices

Preise

Meaning

The amount of money expected, required, or given in payment for something.

Example

Rising prices are affecting consumer spending.

Steigende Preise beeinflussen die Ausgaben der Verbraucher.

A2 noun ˈprəʊɡres

progress

fortschritt

Meaning

Forward or onward movement towards a destination or a more advanced state.

Example

Progress in recycling technologies can tackle pollution.

Fortschritte in Recyclingtechnologien können die Umweltverschmutzung bekämpfen.

C2 noun /pəˈruːzl/

perusal

aufmerksames Lesen

Meaning

The action of reading or examining something carefully.

Example

The contract was given to the lawyer for perusal.

Der Vertrag wurde dem Anwalt zur sorgfältigen Durchsicht übergeben.

C1 noun ˌprəʊ.baɪˈɒt.ɪk

probiotic

gesunde Bakterien

Meaning

Live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts.

Example

Yogurt is a natural source of probiotics that aid digestion.

Joghurt ist eine natürliche Quelle für Probiotika, die die Verdauung unterstützen.

A2 noun /piːs/

peace

Frieden

Meaning

a state of tranquility or quiet, freedom from disturbance

Example

They hope for peace in the region.

Sie hoffen auf Frieden in der Region.

C1 verb /prəˈkjʊər/

procure

beschaffen

Meaning

to obtain something, especially with effort or difficulty

Example

They managed to procure enough supplies for the expedition.

Sie schafften es, genügend Vorräte für die Expedition zu beschaffen.

B2 noun /pætʃ/

Patch

Flicken

Meaning

a small piece of material used to mend a hole; a small area of something different

Example

She sewed a patch over the hole in her jeans.

Sie nähte einen Flicken über das Loch in ihrer Jeans.

B2 noun /ˈpɒlən/

pollen

Pollen

Meaning

fine powder produced by flowers, used in fertilization

Example

Bees collect pollen from flowers to make honey.

Bienen sammeln Pollen von Blumen, um Honig zu machen.

C1 noun /ˈpeɪ.ɡən/

Pagan

Heide

Meaning

a person holding religious beliefs other than the main world religions; a heathen

Example

Ancient Romans considered early Christians to be pagans.

Die alten Römer betrachteten die frühen Christen als Heiden.

C1 adjective /ˈprɪs.tiːn/

pristine

unberührt, rein und frisch

Meaning

In its original condition; unspoiled, clean, and fresh.

Example

The forest remains in a pristine condition.

Der Wald bleibt in einem unberührten Zustand.

B1 noun /ˈprəʊsesɪŋ/

processing

verarbeitung

Meaning

the series of actions or steps taken to achieve a particular end, especially in data or food handling

Example

Data processing takes place in the server.

Datenverarbeitung findet auf dem Server statt.

C1 noun /prəˈpɛlər/

propeller

Propeller

Meaning

A mechanical device with blades that rotates to drive a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle forward.

Example

The airplane’s propeller cut through the air with great speed.

Der Propeller des Flugzeugs schnitt die Luft mit großer Geschwindigkeit.

B2 noun /ˈprəʊsesə/

processor

prozessor

Meaning

a machine or device that processes something, especially a computer's central processing unit (CPU)

Example

The new laptop has a faster processor.

Der neue Laptop hat einen schnelleren Prozessor.

B2 adjective /ˈprɪv.ə.lɪdʒd/

Privileged

privilegiert

Meaning

having special advantages; favored; elite

Example

She comes from a privileged background with many opportunities.

Sie kommt aus einer privilegierten Herkunft mit vielen Möglichkeiten.

C1 verb /ˈpɑːzɪt/

posit

postulieren

Meaning

To assume or suggest something as a fact or basis for reasoning.

Example

The scientist posited a new theory to explain the phenomenon.

Der Wissenschaftler posierte eine neue Theorie, um das Phänomen zu erklären.

C1 noun /ˌpæl.pɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Palpitation

schneller, starker oder unregelmäßiger Herzschlag aufgrund von Aufregung oder einer medizinischen Erkrankung

Meaning

a noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat due to agitation or medical condition

Example

She experienced palpitations before her job interview.

Sie erlebte Palpitationen vor ihrem Vorstellungsgespräch.

C2 noun /ˈprɛləsi/

prelacy

Prälatur

Meaning

The office, dignity, or system of church government by prelates.

Example

The medieval church was dominated by prelacy and its traditions.

Die mittelalterliche Kirche war von der Prälatur und ihren Traditionen dominiert.

C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pi/

philanthropy

Philanthropie

Meaning

the desire to promote the welfare of others, often expressed by the generous donation of money to good causes

Example

Philanthropy has helped improve healthcare in many developing countries.

Philanthropie hat geholfen, die Gesundheitsversorgung in vielen Entwicklungsländern zu verbessern.

C2 noun /pluːˈtɒkrəsi/

plutocracy

Herrschaft der Reichen

Meaning

a system of government where the wealthy hold power

Example

The country was ruled as a plutocracy.

Das Land wurde als Plutokratie regiert.

B2 noun

Patriot

A2 verb /prɪˈtɛnd/

pretend

vortäuschen

Meaning

To act as if something is true when it is not.

Example

The children pretended to be superheroes.

Die Kinder täuschten vor, Superhelden zu sein.

C2 verb /pɑːrtʃ/

parch

austrocknen

Meaning

to make something extremely dry, especially by exposure to heat

Example

The scorching sun began to parch the fields.

Die sengende Sonne begann, die Felder auszutrocknen.

C1 noun /ˈpɔːr.kjə.paɪn/

Porcupine

Stachelschwein

Meaning

a large rodent with defensive spines or quills on its body

Example

The porcupine raised its quills when threatened.

Das Stachelschwein hob seine Stacheln, als es bedroht wurde.

C1 noun /ˌpɜːrsɪˈkjuːʃn/

persecution

Verfolgung

Meaning

the act of treating someone cruelly or unfairly because of their religion, race, or beliefs

Example

The persecution of minorities has been condemned worldwide.

Die Verfolgung von Minderheiten wurde weltweit verurteilt.

C2 adjective /prəˈvaɪzəri/

provisory

vorläufig

Meaning

conditional; depending on certain terms being met

Example

The arrangement was only provisory until the final contract was signed.

Die Vereinbarung war nur vorläufig, bis der endgültige Vertrag unterschrieben wurde.

C2 noun /ˈpɜːrtnəs/

pertness

Unverschämtheit

Meaning

boldness or forwardness in speech or behavior; sauciness

Example

Her pertness during the meeting surprised everyone.

Ihre Unverschämtheit während des Treffens überraschte alle.

C2 noun /ˈpælɪmpsɛst/

palimpsest

Palimpsest

Meaning

a manuscript or document that has been written over but still bears traces of earlier writing; something reused or altered but still retaining traces of its earlier form

Example

The ancient manuscript was a palimpsest, showing faint traces of previous texts beneath the new writing.

Das alte Manuskript war ein Palimpsest, das schwache Spuren von früheren Texten unter der neuen Schrift zeigte.

B1 adverb /ˈpɜr.sən.ə.li/

Personally

Persönlich; meiner Meinung nach; für sich selbst; persönlich

Meaning

as a person; in one's own opinion; for oneself; in person

Example

Personally, I think the movie was excellent, though others disagree.

Persönlich denke ich, dass der Film ausgezeichnet war, obwohl andere anderer Meinung sind.

C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

pertinent

relevant

Meaning

Relevant or applicable to a particular matter.

Example

She asked a pertinent question during the meeting.

Sie stellte während des Treffens eine relevante Frage.

C2 noun /ˈpælɪˌnoʊd/

palinode

Palinode

Meaning

a poem or statement in which the writer retracts something said in an earlier work

Example

The poet wrote a palinode to apologize for his earlier harsh words.

Der Dichter schrieb eine Palinode, um sich für seine früheren harten Worte zu entschuldigen.

C1 adjective /pæˈseɪ/

passe

veraltet; aus der Mode

Meaning

no longer fashionable or current; out of date

Example

Some trends from last decade feel utterly passé now.

Einige Trends aus dem letzten Jahrzehnt erscheinen jetzt völlig veraltet.

C2 noun /prɪˈhɛnʃən/

prehension

Handhabung; Fähigkeit, etwas zu ergreifen

Meaning

the act of grasping or seizing; the ability to take hold of something

Example

Therapists assessed the patient's prehension during hand therapy.

Die Therapeuten beurteilten die Handhabung des Patienten während der Handtherapie.

C1 noun prəˈfaʊnd ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

profound initiative

tiefgründige Initiative

Meaning

A deep, meaningful, and significant action or program designed to create change.

Example

A profound initiative can create sustainable changes.

Eine tiefgründige Initiative kann nachhaltige Veränderungen schaffen.

C1 noun /ˌpɜːrmjuˈteɪʃən/

permutation

Permutation

Meaning

An arrangement or reordering of elements, often in mathematics or logic.

Example

The puzzle can be solved by trying all possible permutations of the tiles.

Das Puzzle kann gelöst werden, indem alle möglichen Permutationen der Kacheln ausprobiert werden.