inadvertence
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C2 noun /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtəns/

inadvertence

Unachtsamkeit
Meaning
Failure to pay attention; carelessness.
Example
The error happened through sheer inadvertence.
Der Fehler geschah durch reine Unachtsamkeit.
C2 verb /ɪnˈsteɪt/

instate

einsetzen
Meaning
To set up in position, office, or authority.
Example
The board decided to instate her as the new director.
Der Vorstand entschied, sie als neue Direktorin zu installieren.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmɒrəl/

immoral

unmoralisch
Meaning
Not conforming to accepted standards of morality; unethical or wicked.
Example
He was fired for his immoral behavior.
Er wurde wegen seines unmoralischen Verhaltens entlassen.
C2 noun /ˈɪndələns/

indolence

Indolenz
Meaning
Avoidance of activity or exertion; laziness.
Example
His indolence kept him from finishing the project on time.
Seine Indolenz hinderte ihn daran, das Projekt rechtzeitig abzuschließen.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈmiːdiəbl̩/

irremediable

irreparabel
Meaning
Impossible to cure, repair, or remedy.
Example
The damage to the ancient manuscript was irremediable.
Der Schaden an dem alten Manuskript war irreparabel.
B1 adjective ˌɪn.dɪˈpen.dənt

independent

unabhängig
Meaning
Not depending on another for livelihood or subsistence; free from outside control; not subject to another's authority.
Example
An independent institution ensures transparency in governance.
Eine unabhängige Institution sorgt für Transparenz in der Regierungsführung.
B1 noun aɪˈdɛntɪti

identity

Identität
Meaning
The fact of being who or what a person or thing is; the characteristics determining who or what a person or thing is.
Example
The day reinforces our national identity.
Der Tag stärkt unsere nationale Identität.
C2 verb /ɪnˈfætʃueɪt/

infatuate

verzücken
Meaning
to inspire with an intense but short-lived passion or admiration
Example
He was infatuated with her beauty.
Er war von ihrer Schönheit verzaubert.
B2 adjective ˈaɪsəˌleɪtɪd

isolated

isoliert
Meaning
Alone or separated from others; having little or no contact with other people.
Example
Technological advancements often leave people isolated.
Technologische Fortschritte führen oft dazu, dass Menschen isoliert werden.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrksəm/

irksome

ärgerlich
Meaning
annoying or irritating
Example
Waiting in a long line is one of the most irksome tasks.
In einer langen Schlange zu warten ist eine der ärgerlichsten Aufgaben.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflɛksəbl/

inflexible

unflexibel
Meaning
Not able to bend or change; unwilling to change ideas or behavior.
Example
His inflexible attitude made negotiations difficult.
Seine unflexible Haltung erschwerte die Verhandlungen.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒəbl/

intelligible

verständlich
Meaning
Able to be understood; clear enough to be comprehended.
Example
Her speech was barely intelligible over the noise.
Durch den Lärm war ihre Rede kaum verständlich.
B1 noun /ˌɪntərˈækʃən/

interaction

gegenseitige Interaktion
Meaning
The process of people or things acting upon or influencing each other.
Example
The teacher encouraged more interaction between students.
Der Lehrer förderte mehr Interaktion zwischen den Schülern.
C1 adjective /ˈɪmpjəd(ə)nt/

impudent

frech, unverschämt
Meaning
not showing due respect for another person; rude
Example
The impudent child talked back to the teacher.
Das freche Kind antwortete dem Lehrer.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.tə.bəl/

inequitable

ungerecht
Meaning
Not fair or just; lacking in fairness or equality.
Example
The distribution of resources was inequitable among the workers.
Die Verteilung der Ressourcen war ungerecht unter den Arbeitern.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.kɒn/

ikon

religiöses Bild oder Symbol
Meaning
A religious image or symbol, especially in the Eastern Orthodox Church.
Example
The church displayed a beautifully painted ikon of the Virgin Mary.
Die Kirche zeigte ein wunderschön gemaltes Ikon der Jungfrau Maria.
C2 verb /ɪnˈɡreɪʃiˌeɪt/

ingratiate

Meaning
To gain favor or approval by deliberate effort, often in a flattering way.
Example
She tried to ingratiate herself with her boss by complimenting him often.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈspek.ʃən/

introspection

Introspektion
Meaning
The examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes; self-reflection.
Example
Through introspection, she gained insight into her emotions.
Durch Introspektion gewann sie tiefere Einblicke in ihre Emotionen.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɪndʒ/

impinge

beeinflussen
Meaning
to have an effect or impact on something; to encroach or infringe
Example
The noise from the construction site impinges on our daily activities.
Der Lärm von der Baustelle beeinflusst unsere täglichen Aktivitäten.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpjʊərəti/

impurity

Unreinheit
Meaning
the state of being unclean or contaminated; a substance that makes something impure
Example
The scientist removed every impurity from the water sample.
Der Wissenschaftler entfernte jede Unreinheit aus der Wasserprobe.
C2 adjective /ˌɪntərˈlɒkjətəri/

interlocutory

vorläufig
Meaning
Given during the course of a legal action, not final but temporary or provisional.
Example
The judge issued an interlocutory order to maintain the status quo until the hearing.
Der Richter erließ eine vorläufige Anordnung, um den Status quo bis zur Anhörung aufrechtzuerhalten.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

incomprehensible

unverständlich
Meaning
Impossible or very difficult to understand.
Example
The professor’s lecture was so fast it became incomprehensible.
Die Vorlesung des Professors war so schnell, dass sie unverständlich wurde.
C2 noun /ˌaɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/

ideation

Der Prozess der Bildung und Entwicklung neuer Ideen oder Konzepte durch kreatives Denken und Brainstorming.
Meaning
The process of forming and developing new ideas or concepts through creative thinking and brainstorming.
Example
The team engaged in ideation sessions to generate new product ideas.
Das Team nahm an Ideations-Sitzungen teil, um neue Produktideen zu entwickeln.
A1 preposition /ˈɪntuː/

into

hinein
Meaning
expressing movement or direction to the inside of something
Example
She walked into the room quietly.
Sie ging leise in das Zimmer.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt/

inconsistent

inkonsistent
Meaning
Not staying the same throughout; lacking harmony or regularity.
Example
His answers were inconsistent and confusing.
Seine Antworten waren inkonsistent und verwirrend.
C1 noun /aɪl/

isle

kleine Insel
Meaning
A small island or peninsula, often poetic or literary.
Example
They spent their honeymoon on a beautiful tropical isle.
Sie verbrachten ihre Hochzeitsreise auf einer wunderschönen tropischen Insel.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnfluˈenʃəl/

Influential

einflussreich; mächtig
Meaning
having great influence on someone or something; powerful; persuasive
Example
She is an influential leader in the community.
Sie ist eine einflussreiche Führungskraft in der Gemeinschaft.
A2 adjective /ɪl/

Ill

krank; unwohl; in schlechter Gesundheit
Meaning
sick; unwell; in poor health
Example
He felt ill and decided to stay home from work.
Er fühlte sich krank und entschied sich, von der Arbeit zu Hause zu bleiben.
B2 noun /ˈɪnvənˌtɔːri/

inventory

Inventar
Meaning
A complete list of items, such as goods in stock or property.
Example
The shopkeeper checked the inventory before opening the store.
Der Ladenbesitzer hat das Inventar überprüft, bevor er den Laden öffnete.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

unfehlbar
Meaning
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Example
Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.
Ihr Urteil schien in finanziellen Angelegenheiten unfehlbar.
B2 verb /ˈɪmɪɡreɪt/

immigrate

einwandern
Meaning
to come to live permanently in a foreign country
Example
He immigrated to Canada five years ago.
Er ist vor fünf Jahren nach Kanada eingewandert.
C2 adjective /ɪˈræsɪbl/

irascible

reizbar
Meaning
Easily angered; quick-tempered.
Example
His irascible nature often got him into trouble.
Sein reizbares Wesen brachte ihn oft in Schwierigkeiten.
C1 noun /ˌɪnflɛksɪˈbɪlɪti/

inflexibility

Unflexibilität
Meaning
the quality of being rigid or unwilling to change; lack of adaptability
Example
The inflexibility of the rules caused unnecessary delays.
Die Unflexibilität der Regeln verursachte unnötige Verzögerungen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

incitement

Anstiftung
Meaning
the action of provoking unlawful or violent behavior
Example
He was arrested for incitement to riot.
Er wurde wegen Anstiftung zur Gewalt verhaftet.
C2 verb /ˈɪndjʊˌreɪt/

indurate

verhärten
Meaning
To harden or make something physically or emotionally tough.
Example
Years of hardship indurated his spirit.
Jahre der Schwierigkeiten härteten seinen Geist.
C1 noun /aɪˈdiː.ə.lɪ.zəm/

Idealism

Idealismus
Meaning
the pursuit of high principles and noble goals; unrealistic pursuit of perfection
Example
His youthful idealism motivated him to join various social justice movements.
Sein jugendlicher Idealismus motivierte ihn, sich verschiedenen sozialen Gerechtigkeitsbewegungen anzuschließen.
B2 noun /aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

identification

Identifikation
Meaning
the process of recognizing or proving who or what someone or something is
Example
You need proper identification to enter the building.
Du brauchst eine ordnungsgemäße Identifikation, um das Gebäude zu betreten.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈperɪʃəbəl/

Imperishable

unvergänglich; ewig; unsterblich
Meaning
not subject to decay; lasting forever; eternal
Example
The imperishable beauty of classical art continues to inspire generations.
Die unvergängliche Schönheit der klassischen Kunst inspiriert weiterhin Generationen.
B2 noun /ˌɪntərˈsɛkʃən/

intersection

Kreuzung
Meaning
a point where two or more things intersect, especially a road or path
Example
The intersection of Main Street and 5th Avenue is always busy.
Die Kreuzung der Main Street und der 5th Avenue ist immer befahren.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsaɪzər/

incisor

Schneidezahn
Meaning
a narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth, adapted for cutting
Example
The dentist noted that his upper left incisor was chipped.
Der Zahnarzt stellte fest, dass sein oberer linker Schneidezahn abgebrochen war.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.ərn.wʊd/

Ironwood

eisenholz
Meaning
a hard, dense wood from various trees; also the tree itself that produces small flowers
Example
The ironwood tree blooms with tiny white flowers.
Der Eisenholzbaum blüht mit kleinen weißen Blumen.
C2 noun /ˈɪsməs/ or /ˈɪsθməs/

isthmus

Isthmus
Meaning
A narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas, often with water on either side.
Example
The Panama Canal cuts through the Isthmus of Panama.
Der Panamakanal verläuft durch den Isthmus von Panama.
C2 adjective /ˌɪmpəˈmɪsəbl/

impermissible

unzulässig
Meaning
Not permitted or allowed.
Example
Such behavior is impermissible in the workplace.
Solches Verhalten ist am Arbeitsplatz unzulässig.
B1 noun /ˈɪn.flu.əns/

Influence

Einfluss; Macht
Meaning
the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something
Example
The teacher's positive influence helped the student overcome his learning difficulties.
Der positive Einfluss des Lehrers half dem Schüler, seine Lernschwierigkeiten zu überwinden.
B2 adverb /ˌɪndəˈrɛktli/

indirectly

indirekt
Meaning
in a way that is not direct; through an intermediate means or influence
Example
The policy affected small businesses indirectly.
Die Politik beeinflusste kleine Unternehmen indirekt.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈpɔːrtəbl̩/

insupportable

unerträglich
Meaning
Too extreme or difficult to be endured.
Example
The heat was insupportable during the long journey.
Die Hitze war unerträglich während der langen Reise.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənəl/

instructional

lehrreich
Meaning
providing knowledge or information; intended to teach
Example
The website offers many instructional videos for beginners.
Die Website bietet viele lehrreiche Videos für Anfänger an.
C1 adjective ɪˈneɪt

Innate

angeboren oder natürlich
Meaning
Existing from birth or natural
Example
She has an innate talent for music.
Sie hat ein angeborenes Talent für Musik.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɔːˈspɪʃəs/

Inauspicious

unglücklich
Meaning
unlucky; showing signs that future success is unlikely; unfavorable
Example
The dark clouds seemed inauspicious for the wedding.
Die dunklen Wolken schienen für die Hochzeit ungünstig.
B2 noun /ɪnˈventər/

inventor

Erfinder
Meaning
a person who creates or designs something new, especially a device, method, or process
Example
The inventor patented her new medical device.
Der Erfinder ließ sein neues medizinisches Gerät patentieren.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈædɪkwət/

inadequate

unzureichend
Meaning
Not sufficient or good enough.
Example
The funding was inadequate to complete the project.
Die Finanzierung war unzureichend, um das Projekt abzuschließen.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈprɛɡnəbl̩/

impregnable

uneinnehmbar
Meaning
Unable to be captured, broken into, or defeated.
Example
The fortress was considered impregnable by the enemy.
Die Festung wurde vom Feind als uneinnehmbar angesehen.
B1 verb /ɪnˈvɛs.tɪ.ɡeɪt/

investigate

untersuchen
Meaning
to carry out a systematic inquiry to discover facts or information
Example
The police will investigate the incident thoroughly.
Die Polizei wird den Vorfall gründlich untersuchen.
B2 noun ˌɪn.tɪˈɡreɪ.ʃən

integration

Integration. Vereinigung.
Meaning
The action or process of integrating; the process of combining or adding parts to make a unified whole.
Example
Integration of networks will improve global communication.
Die Integration von Netzwerken wird die globale Kommunikation verbessern.
C1 noun ɪnˈflɛk.ʃən

inflection

Intonation
Meaning
The change in pitch or tone of voice when speaking for emphasis.
Example
His inflection kept the audience engaged.
Seine Intonation hielt das Publikum gebannt.
C1 noun /ˈɪd.i.əm/

idiom

Idiom
Meaning
A group of words whose meaning is different from the meanings of the individual words.
Example
The idiom 'break the ice' means to start a conversation in a friendly way.
Das Idiom 'Eis brechen' bedeutet, ein Gespräch auf freundliche Weise zu beginnen.
B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrfɪkt/

imperfect

unvollkommen
Meaning
Not perfect; having faults or flaws.
Example
The painting was beautiful despite being imperfect.
Das Gemälde war schön, obwohl es unvollkommen war.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːd/

impede

behindern
Meaning
To obstruct or hinder the progress or development of something.
Example
Lack of funds can impede business growth.
Mangel an Mitteln kann das Wachstum von Unternehmen behindern.
C1 noun ˈɪm.pɪ.təs

impetus

Antrieb
Meaning
The force or motivation that drives something forward; momentum.
Example
The new policy provided an impetus for economic growth.
Die neue Politik gab einen Antrieb für das wirtschaftliche Wachstum.
A2 noun, verb /ˈɪʃuː/

issue

Problem, Veröffentlichung, Verteilung
Meaning
A problem, topic, or the act of supplying or distributing something.
Example
The magazine will issue a new edition next week.
Das Magazin wird nächste Woche eine neue Ausgabe herausgeben.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkɔːrˈpɔːriəl/

incorporeal

inkorporell
Meaning
lacking a physical body; not composed of matter; intangible
Example
Ghosts are often described as incorporeal beings.
Gespenster werden oft als inkorporeelle Wesen beschrieben.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈdɛsənt/

iridescent

irisierend
Meaning
showing luminous colors that seem to change when seen from different angles
Example
She wore an iridescent dress that sparkled in the light.
Sie trug ein irisierendes Kleid, das im Licht funkelte.
B1 verb /ɪnˈsɪst/

insist

bestehen
Meaning
to demand firmly; to state persistently
Example
He insisted on paying the bill.
Er bestand darauf, die Rechnung zu bezahlen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnækˈsɛsəbl/

inaccessible

unzugänglich
Meaning
unable to be reached, entered, or understood
Example
The remote village is almost inaccessible during the rainy season.
Das abgelegene Dorf ist während der Regenzeit fast unzugänglich.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛl/

impel

bewegen
Meaning
to drive, force, or urge someone to do something
Example
Her curiosity impelled her to open the mysterious box.
Ihre Neugier trieb sie dazu, die mysteriöse Kiste zu öffnen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.ti/

inequity

Ungerechtigkeit
Meaning
Lack of fairness or justice; unequal distribution or treatment.
Example
Social inequity continues to be a global issue.
Soziale Ungerechtigkeit bleibt ein globales Problem.
C1 adjective /ˌɪntəˈrɑːɡətɪv/

interrogative

interrogativ
Meaning
Relating to or conveying a question; in grammar, used to form questions.
Example
She raised an interrogative eyebrow when she heard the news.
Sie hob eine interrogative Augenbraue, als sie die Nachricht hörte.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪf.ər.əns/

Indifference

indifferenz; gleichgültigkeit; apathie
Meaning
lack of interest, concern, or sympathy; the state of not caring about something
Example
His indifference to his studies resulted in poor grades throughout the semester.
Seine Indifferenz gegenüber seinen Studien führte zu schlechten Noten im gesamten Semester.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

injunction

Unterlassungsverfügung
Meaning
A judicial order restraining a person from an action or compelling a certain act.
Example
The court issued an injunction to stop the company from polluting the river.
Das Gericht erließ eine Unterlassungsverfügung, um das Unternehmen daran zu hindern, den Fluss zu verschmutzen.
C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈkeɪʃən/

invocation

Anrufung
Meaning
the act of calling upon a higher power for help, blessing, or inspiration
Example
The ceremony began with an invocation to the gods.
Die Zeremonie begann mit einer Anrufung der Götter.
C1 adjective /ɪˈræʃənəl/

irrational

irrational
Meaning
not logical or reasonable; lacking clear thought
Example
His fear of the dark was completely irrational.
Seine Angst vor der Dunkelheit war völlig irrational.
B2 verb /ˈɪr.ɪ.teɪt/

irritate

ärgern
Meaning
To make someone annoyed or angry; to cause discomfort or inflammation.
Example
Rubbing your eyes can irritate them.
Wenn du deine Augen reibst, kann es sie reizen.
C2 noun /ˌɪməʊˈbɪləti/

immobility

Unbeweglichkeit
Meaning
The state of being unable to move.
Example
After the accident, she suffered from immobility in her legs.
Nach dem Unfall litt sie an Unbeweglichkeit in ihren Beinen.
C2 noun /ɪˈnɪkwɪti/

iniquity

Ungerechtigkeit
Meaning
Immoral or grossly unfair behavior.
Example
The dictator's regime was marked by corruption and iniquity.
Das Regime des Diktators war von Korruption und Ungerechtigkeit geprägt.
B2 verb /ɪnˈtɛnsɪfaɪ/

intensify

intensivieren
Meaning
To make something stronger, more extreme, or more forceful.
Example
The storm is expected to intensify overnight.
Der Sturm wird voraussichtlich über Nacht intensiver werden.
A2 adjective ˌɪn.təˈnæʃ.ən.əl

international

international
Meaning
Existing, occurring, or carried on between two or more nations and their citizens.
Example
International standards improve competitiveness.
Internationale Standards verbessern die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit.
C1 verb /ɪmˈploʊd/

implode

implodieren
Meaning
To collapse or burst inward violently.
Example
The old building imploded during the demolition.
Das alte Gebäude implodierte während der Abrissarbeiten.
C2 noun /ˈɪŋkjʊbəs/

incubus

albtraumhafte Last
Meaning
An oppressive or nightmarish burden; in folklore, an evil spirit that lies upon sleeping people.
Example
Debt became an incubus that weighed heavily on the family.
Die Schulden wurden zu einer albtraumhaften Last, die schwer auf der Familie lastete.
C1 noun ɪmˈpɛə(r)mənt

impairment

Schaden, Behinderung
Meaning
The state of being damaged or weakened; a disability or handicap.
Example
Hearing impairment can be caused by long-term exposure to loud noise.
Hörverlust kann durch längere Exposition gegenüber lauten Geräuschen verursacht werden.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkrɛdjələs/

incredulous

ungläubig
Meaning
unwilling or unable to believe something
Example
He gave her an incredulous look when she claimed she could fly.
Er warf ihr einen ungläubigen Blick zu, als sie behauptete, fliegen zu können.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.trə.vɜːrt/

introvert

introvertiert
Meaning
A person who tends to be shy and prefers spending time alone rather than in groups.
Example
As an introvert, he preferred reading over attending parties.
Als Introvertierter bevorzugte er es, zu lesen, anstatt zu Partys zu gehen.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɛvəˈrɛnʃəl/

irreverential

irreverent
Meaning
Showing a lack of respect for things that are generally taken seriously.
Example
His irreverential humor often shocked traditional audiences.
Sein irreverenter Humor schockierte oft traditionelle Zuschauer.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmækjələt/

immaculate

makellos
Meaning
perfectly clean, neat, or free from flaws
Example
Her room was immaculate, with everything in its place.
Ihr Zimmer war makellos, alles war an seinem Platz.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈfɜːrnəl/

infernal

höllisch
Meaning
relating to hell; extremely troublesome or annoying
Example
The workers complained about the infernal noise from the construction site.
Die Arbeiter beschwerten sich über den höllischen Lärm von der Baustelle.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈfɪə.ri.ər/

inferior

minderwertig
Meaning
Of lower quality, rank, or status.
Example
This material is inferior to the one we used before.
Dieses Material ist minderwertiger als das, das wir vorher verwendet haben.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɪzəbl/

indivisible

unteilbar
Meaning
Not able to be divided or separated.
Example
The country's unity was indivisible despite differences.
Die Einheit des Landes war trotz der Unterschiede unteilbar.
C2 noun /ˌɪn.ʌnˈdeɪ.ʃən/

inundation

Überschwemmung
Meaning
The act of flooding or overwhelming with water or things.
Example
The town suffered from a severe inundation after the heavy rains.
Die Stadt litt unter einer schweren Überschwemmung nach den starken Regenfällen.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfjuːz/

infuse

infundieren
Meaning
to fill or spread through something; to instill a quality, idea, or feeling
Example
The teacher tried to infuse her students with a love for reading.
Die Lehrerin versuchte, ihren Schülern eine Liebe zum Lesen zu infundieren.
C1 noun /ɪnˈædɪkwəsi/

inadequacy

Unzulänglichkeit
Meaning
lack of sufficient ability, quality, or strength; a feeling of not being good enough
Example
She struggled with feelings of inadequacy at work despite her strong qualifications.
Trotz ihrer starken Qualifikationen kämpfte sie bei der Arbeit mit Gefühlen der Unzulänglichkeit.
B2 adjective ɪˈmɜː.sɪv

immersive

immersiv
Meaning
Providing, involving, or characterized by deep absorption or immersion in something.
Example
Virtual reality creates an immersive learning environment.
Virtuelle Realität schafft eine immersive Lernumgebung.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtændʒəbl/

intangible

immateriell
Meaning
Unable to be touched or grasped; not having a physical presence.
Example
Trust is an intangible quality in relationships.
Vertrauen ist eine immaterielle Eigenschaft in Beziehungen.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈɪnvəlɪd/ (adjective), /ɪnˈvælɪd/ (noun)

invalid

ungültig
Meaning
Not valid; having no force or effect. Also refers to a person too weak or ill to care for themselves.
Example
The court declared the contract invalid.
Das Gericht erklärte den Vertrag für ungültig.
C1 adjective ˈɪn.tər.ɪm

interim

interimistisch
Meaning
In or for the intervening period; provisional or temporary.
Example
Interim governments manage transitional phases.
Interim-Regierungen verwalten Übergangsphasen.
C2 noun /ˌɪmpjuˈteɪʃən/

imputation

Imputation
Meaning
an accusation or attribution of blame
Example
The politician denied the imputation of corruption.
Der Politiker bestritt die Imputation der Korruption.
C1 noun /ˈɪnkwest/

inquest

Untersuchung
Meaning
A legal or official inquiry, especially into the cause of a death.
Example
The inquest revealed the cause of the accident.
Die Untersuchung enthüllte die Ursache des Unfalls.
C2 adjective /ˌɪm.pəˈfɛk.tə.bəl/

imperfectible

unperfektibel
Meaning
Incapable of being made perfect or complete.
Example
Some human qualities are considered imperfectible.
Einige menschliche Eigenschaften gelten als unperfektibel.
B2 adjective ˌɪn.təˈræk.tɪv

interactive

interaktiv
Meaning
Allowing a two-way flow of information between it and a user, responding to the user's input.
Example
Interactive learning keeps students engaged in lessons.
Interaktives Lernen hält die Schüler in den Lektionen engagiert.
B1 adjective ˈɪnəveɪtɪv

innovative

innovativ
Meaning
Featuring new methods; advanced and original
Example
Innovative strategies are required to combat pollution.
Innovative Strategien sind erforderlich, um die Verschmutzung zu bekämpfen.
C1 noun /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

indignation

Empörung
Meaning
Strong displeasure or anger caused by something unjust, offensive, or insulting.
Example
Public indignation grew after the unfair verdict.
Öffentliche Empörung wuchs nach dem ungerechten Urteil.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnfəməs/

infamous

berüchtigt
Meaning
well known for some bad quality or deed
Example
The dictator was infamous for his cruelty.
Der Diktator war berüchtigt für seine Grausamkeit.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət/

indiscriminate

willkürlich
Meaning
Done without careful judgment; random or haphazard.
Example
The indiscriminate use of pesticides harms the environment.
Der willkürliche Einsatz von Pestiziden schadet der Umwelt.
C2 noun /ɪnˈfrækʃən/

infraction

Verstoß
Meaning
A violation or breach of a rule, law, or agreement.
Example
The student was punished for a minor infraction of the school rules.
Der Schüler wurde für einen kleinen Verstoß gegen die Schulregeln bestraft.
B2 adjective /ˈaɪ.dəl/

Idle

faul; inaktiv; nicht arbeitend
Meaning
lazy; inactive; not working or being used
Example
The factory workers were idle during the strike.
Die Fabrikarbeiter waren während des Streiks inaktiv.
C2 verb /ɪmˈpɛnd/

impend

drohen
Meaning
to be about to happen; to loom threateningly
Example
Dark clouds suggested that a storm was impeding.
Dunkle Wolken deuteten darauf hin, dass ein Sturm bevorstand.
C2 noun /ɪmˌpɜːrtərbəˈbɪləti/

imperturbability

Unerschütterlichkeit
Meaning
The quality of being calm and not easily disturbed or upset.
Example
Her imperturbability during the crisis impressed everyone.
Ihre Unerschütterlichkeit während der Krise beeindruckte alle.
B2 noun ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən

intervention

Eingreifen
Meaning
The action or process of intervening; involvement in a situation to improve or help it.
Example
The intervention of the UN was crucial in resolving the conflict.
Das Eingreifen der UNO war entscheidend für die Beilegung des Konflikts.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsiːvəbl̩/

inconceivable

unvorstellbar
Meaning
Impossible to imagine or believe; beyond comprehension.
Example
It seemed inconceivable that she could finish the marathon after such little training.
Es schien unvorstellbar, dass sie den Marathon nach so wenig Training beenden könnte.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvaɪələbl/

inviolable

unverletzlich
Meaning
never to be broken, dishonored, or violated
Example
Human rights are considered inviolable in modern democracies.
Menschenrechte gelten in modernen Demokratien als unverletzlich.
C2 noun /ˌɪndɛnˈteɪʃən/

indentation

Einzug
Meaning
A space left at the beginning of a line of text; a notch or deep recess on a surface.
Example
The teacher asked the students to use proper indentation in their essays.
Der Lehrer bat die Schüler, die richtige Einrückung in ihren Aufsätzen zu verwenden.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛptɪv/

inceptive

anfänglich
Meaning
Relating to or marking the beginning or initial stage of something.
Example
The inceptive phase of the project was marked by enthusiastic planning.
Die inzeptive Phase des Projekts war von einer enthusiastischen Planung geprägt.
C2 verb /ɪnˈɡrɑːft/

ingraft

verankern
Meaning
To implant or fix deeply, often used in the sense of grafting an idea or quality.
Example
The teacher tried to ingraft good manners in the students.
Der Lehrer versuchte, gute Manieren bei den Schülern zu verankern.
C1 adjective /ˈɪntrɪkət/

intricate

komplex
Meaning
very detailed, complex, and difficult to understand
Example
The artist created an intricate pattern on the wall.
Der Künstler hat ein komplexes Muster an die Wand gemalt.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɜːrt/

inert

inaktiv
Meaning
lacking the ability or strength to move or act; chemically inactive
Example
The patient remained inert on the bed.
Der Patient blieb regungslos im Bett.
C2 noun /ˈɪnsələns/

insolence

Unverschämtheit
Meaning
rude or disrespectful behavior
Example
The teacher was shocked by the student's insolence.
Der Lehrer war schockiert über die Unverschämtheit des Schülers.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpæsɪbəl/

impassible

unempfindlich
Meaning
Incapable of suffering or feeling pain (used mainly in theological or philosophical contexts).
Example
Some philosophers argue that God is impassible and cannot experience human emotions.
Einige Philosophen argumentieren, dass Gott unempfindlich ist und keine menschlichen Emotionen erfahren kann.
B2 verb /ɪnˈsʌlt/

insult

beleidigen
Meaning
to speak or act in a way that hurts someone's feelings or shows disrespect
Example
He felt insulted by her rude comments.
Er fühlte sich durch ihre unhöflichen Bemerkungen beleidigt.
C1 noun ˈɪn.fər.əns

inference

Schlussfolgerung
Meaning
A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning; logical deduction.
Example
Scientists make inferences based on experimental data.
Wissenschaftler ziehen Schlussfolgerungen basierend auf experimentellen Daten.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːtʃ/

impeach

anklagen
Meaning
To charge a public official with misconduct while in office.
Example
The parliament voted to impeach the president.
Das Parlament stimmte ab, um den Präsidenten anzuklagen.
A1 conjunction /ɪf/

if

wenn
Meaning
used to introduce a condition or supposition
Example
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay home.
Wenn es morgen regnet, bleiben wir zu Hause.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnəˈproʊpriət/

inappropriate

unangemessen
Meaning
not suitable or proper in the circumstances
Example
It was inappropriate to talk loudly in the library.
Es war unangemessen, in der Bibliothek laut zu sprechen.
C2 noun /ɪnˌtɜːrpəˈleɪʃən/

interpolation

Interpolation
Meaning
The act of inserting something into a text or estimating values within a sequence of data.
Example
The scientist used interpolation to predict the missing data points.
Der Wissenschaftler verwendete Interpolation, um die fehlenden Datenpunkte vorherzusagen.