impermissible
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C2 adjective /ˌɪmpəˈmɪsəbl/

impermissible

unzulässig
Meaning
Not permitted or allowed.
Example
Such behavior is impermissible in the workplace.
Solches Verhalten ist am Arbeitsplatz unzulässig.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːmiəbl/

impermeable

undurchlässig
Meaning
Not allowing fluid or gas to pass through.
Example
The container is made of impermeable plastic.
Der Behälter besteht aus undurchlässigem Kunststoff.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.səˌbɑːr/

isobar

Isobar
Meaning
A line on a weather map connecting points of equal atmospheric pressure.
Example
The meteorologist explained how isobars indicate wind speed and direction.
Der Meteorologe erklärte, wie Isobaren die Windgeschwindigkeit und -richtung anzeigen.
C1 noun /ɪmˈprɪzənmənt/

imprisonment

Inhaftierung
Meaning
the act of putting someone in prison; the state of being confined as punishment
Example
He faced imprisonment for violating the court order.
Er musste wegen Missachtung der Gerichtsordnung mit Inhaftierung rechnen.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtruːd/

intrude

einmischen
Meaning
To enter a place or situation where one is not wanted or not invited.
Example
He felt embarrassed to intrude on their private conversation.
Er fühlte sich peinlich berührt, in ihr privates Gespräch einzutreten.
C2 adverb /ˈaɪsɪli/

icily

kalt
Meaning
In a very cold, unfriendly, or hostile manner.
Example
She replied icily to his question.
Sie antwortete kalt auf seine Frage.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnsələnt/

insolent

unverschämt, arrogant
Meaning
showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect
Example
The insolent student refused to follow the teacher's instructions.
Der unverschämte Schüler weigerte sich, den Anweisungen des Lehrers zu folgen.
B2 noun /ˈɪntərvəl/

interval

intervall
Meaning
a period of time between two events or points; a pause or break in activity
Example
There was a short interval between the two performances.
Es gab ein kurzes Intervall zwischen den beiden Aufführungen.
C1 adverb, adjective /ˌɪnkɑːɡˈniːtoʊ/

incognito

inkognito
Meaning
In disguise or with one's identity concealed.
Example
The celebrity traveled incognito to avoid the paparazzi.
Der Promi reiste inkognito, um den Paparazzi zu entkommen.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛər/

impair

beeinträchtigen
Meaning
to weaken or damage something, especially a function or ability
Example
Smoking can impair your lung capacity.
Rauchen kann deine Lungenkapazität beeinträchtigen.
B1 abbreviation /ˌaɪˈiː/

ie

d.h.
Meaning
That is to say; used to clarify or explain something more precisely.
Example
Many amphibians, i.e., frogs and salamanders, can live both in water and on land.
Viele Amphibien, d.h. Frösche und Salamander, können sowohl im Wasser als auch an Land leben.
C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl̩ ˈkɒmpɪtənsi

indispensable competency

unverzichtbare Kompetenz
Meaning
Essential skill or ability that cannot be done without; a crucial capability that is absolutely necessary.
Example
Digital literacy is an indispensable competency in the 21st century.
Digitale Kompetenz ist eine unverzichtbare Kompetenz im 21. Jahrhundert.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛnʃən/

intension

innere Bedeutung
Meaning
The internal content of a concept; the set of attributes implied by a word or phrase.
Example
The intension of the word 'dog' includes being a mammal and domesticated.
Die Intension des Wortes 'Hund' umfasst, ein Säugetier und domestiziert zu sein.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrstɪs/

interstice

Spalt
Meaning
a small space that lies between things
Example
Light filtered through the narrow interstices of the wall.
Das Licht filterte durch die schmalen Spalten der Wand.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈfɪə.ri.ər/

inferior

minderwertig
Meaning
Of lower quality, rank, or status.
Example
This material is inferior to the one we used before.
Dieses Material ist minderwertiger als das, das wir vorher verwendet haben.
C1 adjective /aɪˈdɪlɪk/

idyllic

idyllisch und schön
Meaning
Like an idyll; extremely happy, peaceful, or picturesque.
Example
They enjoyed an idyllic vacation by the sea.
Sie genossen einen idyllischen Urlaub am Meer.
B1 adjective /aɪˈdiːəl/

ideal

ideal
Meaning
the best possible; perfect for a situation
Example
This place is ideal for a picnic.
Dieser Ort ist ideal für ein Picknick.
C1 verb /ɪnˈkɜːr/

incur

auf sich nehmen
Meaning
To bring upon oneself something undesirable, usually as a result of actions.
Example
He incurred a fine for parking in the wrong place.
Er zog eine Strafe auf sich, weil er an der falschen Stelle parkte.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɒl.ər.ə.bəl/

Intolerable

unerträglich
Meaning
unable to be endured; extremely unpleasant or painful
Example
The noise from the construction site was intolerable.
Der Lärm von der Baustelle war unerträglich.
C1 adjective ɪnɪɡˈzɔːstɪbəl

inexhaustible

unerschöpflich
Meaning
Unable to be used up or worn out; limitless.
Example
His inexhaustible energy allowed him to work tirelessly on his projects.
Seine unerschöpfliche Energie ermöglichte es ihm, unermüdlich an seinen Projekten zu arbeiten.
B2 noun /ˌɪnstəˈbɪləti/

instability

Instabilität
Meaning
lack of stability or balance; tendency to change, fail, or collapse easily
Example
Political instability has slowed economic growth in the region.
Politische Instabilität hat das wirtschaftliche Wachstum der Region verlangsamt.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmens/

Immense

immens; riesig; gewaltig
Meaning
extremely large or great; huge
Example
The immense mountain range stretched across the horizon.
Das immense Gebirgsmassiv erstreckte sich über den Horizont.
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/

impatiently

ungeduldig
Meaning
in a manner showing annoyance or restlessness due to delay or waiting
Example
She tapped her fingers impatiently while waiting for the reply.
Sie klopfte ungeduldig mit den Fingern, während sie auf die Antwort wartete.
C2 noun /ˈɪl.i.æd/

iliad

Ilias
Meaning
An ancient Greek epic poem attributed to Homer, describing the events of the Trojan War.
Example
Students studied the Iliad to understand Greek mythology and heroism.
Die Studenten studierten die Ilias, um die griechische Mythologie und den Heroismus zu verstehen.
B1 adverb /ɪnˈkrɛdɪbli/

incredibly

unglaublich
Meaning
to a great degree; extremely or unbelievably
Example
The view from the top of the mountain was incredibly beautiful.
Der Blick vom Gipfel des Berges war unglaublich schön.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkɔːrˈpɔːriəl/

incorporeal

inkorporell
Meaning
lacking a physical body; not composed of matter; intangible
Example
Ghosts are often described as incorporeal beings.
Gespenster werden oft als inkorporeelle Wesen beschrieben.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈlɒkjətər/

interlocutor

Gesprächspartner
Meaning
a person who takes part in a conversation or dialogue
Example
She was a skilled interlocutor during the debate.
Sie war eine geschickte Gesprächspartnerin während der Debatte.
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

Identitätsdiebstahl
Meaning
The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.
Example
Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.
Online-Identitätsdiebstahl ist ein ernstes Cyberverbrechen.
B1 noun /ˈɪnkʌm/

income

einkommen
Meaning
money received for work or through investments
Example
His monthly income is enough to support his family.
Sein monatliches Einkommen reicht aus, um seine Familie zu unterstützen.
B2 noun /ɪnˈvɒlvmənt/

involvement

Beteiligung
Meaning
the act of taking part in something
Example
His involvement in the project was crucial.
Seine Beteiligung am Projekt war entscheidend.
B2 noun ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən

intervention

Eingreifen
Meaning
The action or process of intervening; involvement in a situation to improve or help it.
Example
The intervention of the UN was crucial in resolving the conflict.
Das Eingreifen der UNO war entscheidend für die Beilegung des Konflikts.
B2 verb /ɪnˈfɜːr/

infer

schließen
Meaning
to conclude or deduce something from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements
Example
From his silence, I inferred that he was not happy with the decision.
Aus seiner Stille schloss ich, dass er mit der Entscheidung nicht zufrieden war.
C1 adjective /ɪˈræʃənəl/

irrational

irrational
Meaning
not logical or reasonable; lacking clear thought
Example
His fear of the dark was completely irrational.
Seine Angst vor der Dunkelheit war völlig irrational.
B2 verb /ɪnˈtɜːrprət/

interpret

interpretieren / übersetzen
Meaning
to explain the meaning of something; to translate orally
Example
She had to interpret the speech for the foreign guests.
Sie musste die Rede für die ausländischen Gäste übersetzen.
C2 noun /ˈɪɡ.nəˌmɪn.i/

ignominy

Ignominie
Meaning
Public shame, disgrace, or dishonor.
Example
He lived the rest of his life in ignominy after the scandal.
Er lebte den Rest seines Lebens in Ignominie nach dem Skandal.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɛntɪv/

inventive

erfinderisch
Meaning
Having the ability to create or design new things or to think originally.
Example
The inventor was known for his inventive solutions to everyday problems.
Der Erfinder war bekannt für seine erfinderischen Lösungen für alltägliche Probleme.
B2 adjective ɪˈmɜː.sɪv

immersive

immersiv
Meaning
Providing, involving, or characterized by deep absorption or immersion in something.
Example
Virtual reality creates an immersive learning environment.
Virtuelle Realität schafft eine immersive Lernumgebung.
B1 verb ˈɪndɪkeɪts

indicates

zeigt an
Meaning
Point out; show; be a sign or symptom of; suggest as a desirable or necessary course of action.
Example
The rising trend indicates an urgent need for action.
Der steigende Trend zeigt einen dringenden Handlungsbedarf an.
C1 noun /ɪnˌkɑːsəˈreɪʃən/

incarceration

Inhaftierung
Meaning
the state of being imprisoned or confined
Example
The criminal faced years of incarceration for his crimes.
Der Kriminelle verbrachte Jahre der Inhaftierung für seine Verbrechen.
B1 noun /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənz/

instructions

Anweisungen
Meaning
Detailed information on how something should be done or operated.
Example
Please follow the instructions on the box.
Bitte folgen Sie den Anweisungen auf der Box.
B1 noun /ˈɪn.flu.əns/

Influence

Einfluss; Macht
Meaning
the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something
Example
The teacher's positive influence helped the student overcome his learning difficulties.
Der positive Einfluss des Lehrers half dem Schüler, seine Lernschwierigkeiten zu überwinden.
C1 noun /ˈɪŋ.krə.mənt/

Increment

Erhöhung
Meaning
an increase or addition, especially one of a series on a fixed scale; a regular increase in salary
Example
He received an annual increment of five percent in his salary this year.
Er erhielt in diesem Jahr eine jährliche Erhöhung von fünf Prozent seines Gehalts.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpjʊər/

Impure

unrein
Meaning
contaminated; not clean; mixed with foreign substances
Example
The impure water caused health problems in the village.
Das unreine Wasser verursachte Gesundheitsprobleme im Dorf.
B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɪəriəl/

imperial

imperial
Meaning
Relating to an empire or emperor; having supreme authority.
Example
The imperial palace was a symbol of the emperor's power.
Der imperial Palast war ein Symbol für die Macht des Kaisers.
C1 adjective ˈɪn.lənd

Inland

Binnen
Meaning
Situated in the interior of a country; away from the coast.
Example
Inland transport boosts local trade.
Binnenverkehr fördert den lokalen Handel.
A2 adjective /ɪl/

Ill

krank; unwohl; in schlechter Gesundheit
Meaning
sick; unwell; in poor health
Example
He felt ill and decided to stay home from work.
Er fühlte sich krank und entschied sich, von der Arbeit zu Hause zu bleiben.
C1 verb /ˌɪn.trəˈspekt/

introspect

introspektieren
Meaning
To examine one's own thoughts, feelings, or mental state.
Example
He often introspects before making important decisions.
Er introspektiert oft, bevor er wichtige Entscheidungen trifft.
C1 noun /ˌaɪ.diˈɒl.ə.dʒi/

ideology

Ideologie
Meaning
A system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.
Example
Democracy is based on the ideology of freedom and equality.
Demokratie basiert auf der Ideologie von Freiheit und Gleichheit.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsɪpiəns/

incipience

beginn
Meaning
the beginning or initial stage of something
Example
The project was still in its incipience when funding was approved.
Das Projekt war noch in seinem Beginn, als die Finanzierung genehmigt wurde.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.trə.vɜːrt/

introvert

introvertiert
Meaning
A person who tends to be shy and prefers spending time alone rather than in groups.
Example
As an introvert, he preferred reading over attending parties.
Als Introvertierter bevorzugte er es, zu lesen, anstatt zu Partys zu gehen.
B1 noun aɪˈdɛntɪti

identity

Identität
Meaning
The fact of being who or what a person or thing is; the characteristics determining who or what a person or thing is.
Example
The day reinforces our national identity.
Der Tag stärkt unsere nationale Identität.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈfekʃəs/

infectious

ansteckend
Meaning
capable of causing infection or disease; spreading easily from one person to another; able to spread feelings or attitudes such as enthusiasm
Example
Her infectious laughter made everyone in the room smile.
Ihr ansteckendes Lachen brachte alle zum Lächeln.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməbəl/

Inflammable

entzündlich; brennbar
Meaning
easily set on fire; flammable; combustible
Example
The inflammable material caught fire quickly.
Das entzündliche Material brannte schnell.
C1 noun /ɪnˈækjʊrəsi/

inaccuracy

Ungenauigkeit
Meaning
lack of accuracy or precision; an incorrect or wrong detail
Example
The report contained several factual inaccuracies.
Der Bericht enthielt mehrere Ungenauigkeiten.
C2 noun /ˌɪmprɪˈkeɪʃən/

imprecation

Fluch
Meaning
A spoken curse or expression of strong condemnation.
Example
The angry crowd hurled imprecations at the corrupt official.
Die wütende Menge schleuderte Flüche auf den korrupten Beamten.
B2 verb /ˈɪl.ə.streɪt/

illustrate

veranschaulichen
Meaning
to explain or make something clear by using examples, pictures, or comparisons
Example
The teacher used diagrams to illustrate the concept.
Der Lehrer hat Diagramme verwendet, um das Konzept zu veranschaulichen.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈpɔːrtəbl̩/

insupportable

unerträglich
Meaning
Too extreme or difficult to be endured.
Example
The heat was insupportable during the long journey.
Die Hitze war unerträglich während der langen Reise.
C2 noun /ˌɪkθiˈɒlədʒi/

ichthyology

Ichthyologie
Meaning
The branch of zoology that deals with fish.
Example
He pursued a degree in ichthyology at the university.
Er hat an der Universität einen Abschluss in Ichthyologie gemacht.
C2 verb /ɪmˈbruː/

imbrue

beflecken
Meaning
To stain, especially with blood.
Example
His hands were imbrued with blood after the battle.
Seine Hände waren nach der Schlacht mit Blut befleckt.
B2 adjective ˌɪnstrəˈmɛntl

instrumental

instrumentell
Meaning
Serving as a crucial means, agent, or tool; having a part in bringing about a result.
Example
Children can be instrumental in building a better society.
Kinder können bei der Schaffung einer besseren Gesellschaft eine wichtige Rolle spielen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/

infusion

Infusion
Meaning
the act of introducing something into another; a drink made by steeping leaves or herbs in liquid
Example
She prepared a calming infusion of chamomile tea.
Sie bereitete eine beruhigende Infusion aus Kamillentee zu.
A1 pronoun /aɪ/

i

ich
Meaning
used by a speaker to refer to himself or herself
Example
I am learning English every day.
Ich lerne jeden Tag Englisch.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfriːkwənt/

infrequent

selten
Meaning
Happening rarely or not often.
Example
He made infrequent visits to his hometown after moving abroad.
Er machte seltene Besuche in seiner Heimatstadt, nachdem er ins Ausland gezogen war.
A2 verb /ɪˈmædʒɪn/

imagine

vorstellen
Meaning
to form a mental image of; to believe something unreal to be true
Example
Can you imagine living in a different country?
Kannst du dir vorstellen, in einem anderen Land zu leben?
C1 adjective; noun /ɪˈmɔːrtl/

immortal

unsterblich
Meaning
living forever; never dying; lasting forever in fame or memory
Example
Legends often describe heroes as immortal beings who never die.
Mythen sprechen von unsterblichen Wesen.
A1 noun /aɪs/

Ice

Eis
Meaning
water that has frozen and become solid
Example
The ice in my drink melted quickly in the hot weather.
Das Eis in meinem Getränk schmolz schnell bei heißem Wetter.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɑːlənˌtɛri/

involuntary

unfreiwillig
Meaning
done without will or conscious control
Example
He gave an involuntary shiver when he heard the loud noise.
Er bekam einen unwillkürlichen Schauer, als er das laute Geräusch hörte.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdʌstriəsnəs/

industriousness

Fleiß
Meaning
The quality of being hardworking and diligent.
Example
His industriousness earned him a promotion at work.
Sein Fleiß brachte ihm eine Beförderung bei der Arbeit ein.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkɒntrəˈvɜːtəbl/

incontrovertible

unbestreitbar
Meaning
impossible to deny or dispute; unquestionable
Example
The evidence was incontrovertible and proved his innocence.
Die Beweise waren unbestreitbar und bewiesen seine Unschuld.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.tə.bəl/

inequitable

ungerecht
Meaning
Not fair or just; lacking in fairness or equality.
Example
The distribution of resources was inequitable among the workers.
Die Verteilung der Ressourcen war ungerecht unter den Arbeitern.
C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

schneiden
Meaning
to cross or pass through each other
Example
The two roads intersect at the city center.
Die zwei Straßen schneiden sich im Stadtzentrum.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɒkjuəs/

innocuous

harmlos
Meaning
Not harmful or offensive.
Example
His remark was completely innocuous and not meant to offend anyone.
Seine Bemerkung war völlig harmlos und nicht dazu gedacht, jemanden zu beleidigen.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsuːsiəns/

insouciance

Sorglosigkeit
Meaning
Casual lack of concern; indifference.
Example
She carried herself with an air of insouciance, unbothered by the challenges ahead.
Sie ging mit einer Haltung der Sorglosigkeit, unbesorgt über die bevorstehenden Herausforderungen.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈmɪt.ənt

intermittent

intermittierend
Meaning
Happening irregularly, not continuously.
Example
The rain was intermittent throughout the day.
Der Regen war den ganzen Tag über intermittierend.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/

insufficient

unzureichend
Meaning
Not enough; inadequate.
Example
His explanation was insufficient to clear the confusion.
Seine Erklärung war unzureichend, um die Verwirrung zu klären.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.ərn.wʊd/

Ironwood

eisenholz
Meaning
a hard, dense wood from various trees; also the tree itself that produces small flowers
Example
The ironwood tree blooms with tiny white flowers.
Der Eisenholzbaum blüht mit kleinen weißen Blumen.
C2 verb /ɪnˈdɒktrɪˌneɪt/

indoctrinate

indoktrinieren
Meaning
To teach someone to fully accept a set of beliefs or ideas without question.
Example
The regime tried to indoctrinate the youth with propaganda.
Das Regime versuchte, die Jugend mit Propaganda zu indoktrinieren.
B2 adjective /ˌɪd.iˈɒt.ɪk/

Idiotic

idiotisch
Meaning
extremely stupid; foolish; senseless
Example
His idiotic behavior embarrassed everyone at the meeting.
Sein idiotisches Verhalten hat alle bei der Besprechung in Verlegenheit gebracht.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnɪmɪkəl/

inimical

feindlich / ungünstig
Meaning
tending to obstruct or harm; unfriendly or hostile
Example
The policy was inimical to the country's economic growth.
Die Politik war ungünstig für das Wirtschaftswachstum des Landes.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈtɜːrmənət/

indeterminate

unbestimmt
Meaning
Not exactly known, defined, or established; vague or uncertain.
Example
The project was delayed for an indeterminate amount of time.
Das Projekt wurde für eine unbestimmte Zeit verzögert.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnsjələr/

insular

engstirnig, inselbezogen
Meaning
Narrow-minded, isolated, or relating to an island.
Example
The community was criticized for its insular attitudes toward outsiders.
Die Gemeinschaft wurde für ihre insularen Einstellungen gegenüber Außenseitern kritisiert.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfleɪt/

inflate

aufblasen; künstlich erhöhen
Meaning
to fill with air or gas so it expands; to increase excessively or artificially
Example
The mechanic inflated the tire to the correct pressure.
Der Mechaniker blies den Reifen auf den richtigen Druck auf.
C1 noun /ˈɪmɪnəns/

imminence

Imminenz, Zustand der Nähe
Meaning
the state of being about to happen
Example
The imminence of the storm forced people to take shelter.
Die Imminenz des Sturms zwang die Menschen, Zuflucht zu suchen.
B1 adjective /ɪnˈvɑːlvd/

involved

beteiligt
Meaning
complicated or engaged in something
Example
She was deeply involved in community service.
Sie war tief in den Gemeinschaftsdiensten beteiligt.
B2 verb /ɪmˈpoʊzd/

imposed

auferlegt
Meaning
forced something to be accepted or put in place
Example
The government imposed new regulations on the industry.
Die Regierung hat neue Vorschriften für die Industrie erlassen.
C1 adjective /ˌɪntəˈrɑːɡətɪv/

interrogative

interrogativ
Meaning
Relating to or conveying a question; in grammar, used to form questions.
Example
She raised an interrogative eyebrow when she heard the news.
Sie hob eine interrogative Augenbraue, als sie die Nachricht hörte.
B2 noun /ˌaɪ.səˈleɪ.ʃən/

Isolation

Isolation
Meaning
the process or fact of isolating or being isolated; separation from other people or things
Example
The patient was kept in isolation to prevent the spread of the infectious disease.
Der Patient wurde in Isolation gehalten, um die Ausbreitung der ansteckenden Krankheit zu verhindern.
C1 noun /ˈaɪsətəʊp/

isotope

Isotop
Meaning
Atoms of the same element with equal number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Example
Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope used in dating fossils.
Kohlenstoff-14 ist ein radioaktives Isotop, das in der Fossilien-Datierung verwendet wird.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

irreparabel
Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
Der Unfall verursachte irreparable Schäden an seiner Wirbelsäule.
C1 noun /aɪl/

isle

kleine Insel
Meaning
A small island or peninsula, often poetic or literary.
Example
They spent their honeymoon on a beautiful tropical isle.
Sie verbrachten ihre Hochzeitsreise auf einer wunderschönen tropischen Insel.
C2 adjective /ˌɪm.pəˈfɛk.tə.bəl/

imperfectible

unperfektibel
Meaning
Incapable of being made perfect or complete.
Example
Some human qualities are considered imperfectible.
Einige menschliche Eigenschaften gelten als unperfektibel.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfætɪɡəbl̩/

indefatigable

unermüdlich
Meaning
persisting tirelessly; incapable of being fatigued
Example
Her indefatigable spirit kept the team motivated during the long project.
Ihr unermüdlicher Geist hielt das Team während des langen Projekts motiviert.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnərmoʊst/

Innermost

am tiefsten; persönlichster
Meaning
most private and secret; deepest; most personal
Example
She shared her innermost feelings with her closest friend.
Sie teilte ihre tiefsten Gefühle mit ihrem engsten Freund.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/

incipient

incipient
Meaning
in an initial stage; beginning to develop
Example
The incipient storm made the sky turn dark and heavy.
Der incipiente Sturm ließ den Himmel dunkel und schwer werden.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛfjʊtəbəl/

Irrefutable

unwiderlegbar
Meaning
impossible to deny or disprove; undeniable
Example
The evidence against him was irrefutable.
Der Beweis gegen ihn war unwiderlegbar.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərət/

inconsiderate

rücksichtslos
Meaning
Thoughtless; showing a lack of concern for others.
Example
It was inconsiderate of him to play loud music late at night.
Es war rücksichtslos von ihm, nachts laute Musik zu spielen.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrsənl/

impersonal

unpersönlich
Meaning
not influenced by, showing, or involving personal feelings; lacking human warmth or emotion
Example
The letter was written in a very impersonal style.
Der Brief wurde in einem sehr unpersönlichen Stil geschrieben.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈstɪŋk.tɪv/

instinctive

instinktiv, natürlich, automatisch
Meaning
Based on instinct; done without conscious thought; natural and automatic.
Example
His instinctive reaction saved his life.
Seine instinktive Reaktion rettete sein Leben.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈspek.ʃən/

introspection

Introspektion
Meaning
The examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes; self-reflection.
Example
Through introspection, she gained insight into her emotions.
Durch Introspektion gewann sie tiefere Einblicke in ihre Emotionen.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒənt/

insurgent

Aufständischer
Meaning
A person who rises in revolt against authority or government.
Example
The army arrested several insurgents after the attack.
Die Armee verhaftete mehrere Aufständische nach dem Angriff.
B2 noun ˌɪn.tɪˈɡreɪ.ʃən

integration

Integration. Vereinigung.
Meaning
The action or process of integrating; the process of combining or adding parts to make a unified whole.
Example
Integration of networks will improve global communication.
Die Integration von Netzwerken wird die globale Kommunikation verbessern.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɜː.ʃə/

Inertia

Inertie; Bewegungsmangel
Meaning
a tendency to do nothing or remain unchanged; lack of activity or movement
Example
The team's inertia prevented them from adapting to the rapidly changing market conditions.
Die Inertie des Teams verhinderte, dass es sich an die sich schnell ändernden Marktbedingungen anpasste.
B2 verb aɪˈdɛntɪfaɪd

identified

identifiziert
Meaning
To recognize or establish who or what someone or something is.
Example
The root causes of the issue need to be identified.
Die Grundursachen des Problems müssen identifiziert werden.
A1 noun /aɪˈdiː.ə/

Idea

Idee; Konzept; Vorschlag
Meaning
a thought or suggestion as to a possible course of action; a concept or mental impression
Example
She had a brilliant idea for solving the company's efficiency problem.
Sie hatte eine brillante Idee zur Lösung des Effizienzproblems des Unternehmens.
C2 noun /ˈaɪsinəs/

iciness

Kälte
Meaning
The state of being cold in manner or temperature.
Example
There was a distinct iciness in his voice.
Es war eine deutliche Kälte in seiner Stimme.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈdɪs.ɪ.plɪ.nər.i

interdisciplinary

interdisziplinär
Meaning
Relating to more than one branch of knowledge.
Example
The interdisciplinary approach in education enhances problem-solving skills.
Der interdisziplinäre Ansatz in der Bildung fördert Problemlösungsfähigkeiten.
C1 adverb /ɪnˈvɜːrs.li/

Inversely

umgekehrt; entgegengesetzt
Meaning
in a way that is opposite or contrary; in reverse order or manner
Example
The price of goods is inversely related to their availability in the market.
Der Preis von Waren ist umgekehrt mit ihrer Verfügbarkeit auf dem Markt verbunden.
A2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt/

intelligent

intelligent
Meaning
Having or showing high mental capacity, quick to learn and understand.
Example
She is one of the most intelligent students in the class.
Sie ist eine der intelligentesten Schülerinnen in der Klasse.
C2 verb /ɪˈluːmɪn/

illumine

beleuchten
Meaning
to light up or make clear
Example
The rising sun illumined the mountain peaks.
Die aufgehende Sonne illuminierte die Gipfel der Berge.
C2 noun /aɪər/

ire

Zorn, Wut
Meaning
intense anger or rage
Example
The new policy provoked the ire of the employees.
Die neue Politik erregte den Zorn der Mitarbeiter.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.dʒəˈnjuː.ɪ.ti/

ingenuity

genialität
Meaning
The quality of being clever, original, and inventive.
Example
His ingenuity led to groundbreaking innovations.
Seine Ingenuität führte zu bahnbrechenden Innovationen.
C1 noun /ɪmˈpjʊərəti/

impurity

Unreinheit
Meaning
the state of being unclean or contaminated; a substance that makes something impure
Example
The scientist removed every impurity from the water sample.
Der Wissenschaftler entfernte jede Unreinheit aus der Wasserprobe.
C2 verb /ɪnˈsteɪt/

instate

einsetzen
Meaning
To set up in position, office, or authority.
Example
The board decided to instate her as the new director.
Der Vorstand entschied, sie als neue Direktorin zu installieren.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈrɛɡnəm/

interregnum

Interregnum
Meaning
A period between rulers or governments when normal leadership is suspended.
Example
The country faced instability during the interregnum after the king’s death.
Das Land erlebte Instabilität während des Interregnums nach dem Tod des Königs.
B2 verb ˈɪmplɪment

implement

umsetzen
Meaning
To put a decision or plan into effect; to execute or apply.
Example
Implementing educational policies is essential for progress.
Es ist entscheidend, Bildungspolitiken umzusetzen, um Fortschritte zu erzielen.
B1 verb /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/

indicate

anzeigen
Meaning
to point out; to show or suggest; to be a sign of
Example
The red light indicates that you should stop.
Das rote Licht zeigt an, dass du anhalten solltest.
C1 noun ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl ˈdæmɪdʒ

irreversible damage

unwiederbringlicher Schaden
Meaning
Harm or injury that cannot be undone or repaired.
Example
Climate change causes irreversible damage to ecosystems.
Der Klimawandel verursacht unwiederbringlichen Schaden an Ökosystemen.
B1 verb /ˌɪntərˈækt/

interact

interagieren
Meaning
to communicate or work together with someone or something
Example
Students interact with teachers during class discussions.
Die Schüler interagieren während der Unterrichtsdiskussionen mit den Lehrern.
B2 noun /ˈɪnfənt/

infant

Säugling
Meaning
A very young child or baby.
Example
The infant was sleeping peacefully in the cradle.
Der Säugling schlief friedlich im Kinderbett.
C2 adverb /ˌɪnəzˈmʌtʃ/

inasmuch

insofern
Meaning
To the extent that; considering that.
Example
Inasmuch as you are their teacher, you should guide them carefully.
Insofern du ihr Lehrer bist, solltest du sie sorgfältig anleiten.
B2 noun ˌɪr.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən

irrigation

bewässerung
Meaning
The artificial application of water to land or soil.
Example
Irrigation systems improve crop yields in dry regions.
Bewässerungssysteme verbessern die Erträge in trockenen Regionen.