canker
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C2 noun, verb /ˈkæŋkər/

canker

Geschwür
Meaning
A fungal disease of plants; an ulcerous sore in the mouth; to corrupt or destroy slowly
Example
The tree was infected with a canker that damaged its bark.
Der Baum war mit einem Krebs infiziert, der seine Rinde beschädigte.
C2 noun /ˈsɪniæst/

cineast

Cineast
Meaning
A film enthusiast or filmmaker; a person deeply interested in cinema.
Example
As a true cineast, she spends most weekends watching classic films.
Als wahrer Cineast verbringt sie die meisten Wochenenden damit, klassische Filme zu schauen.
C1 noun /ˈsɪvɪks/

civics

Politische Bildung
Meaning
the study of the rights and duties of citizens and how government works
Example
Civics helps students understand their responsibilities as citizens.
Politische Bildung hilft Schülern, ihre Bürgerpflichten zu verstehen.
B2 adjective /ˈkræŋki/

cranky

mürrisch
Meaning
bad-tempered, easily annoyed, or irritable
Example
The child gets cranky when he is hungry.
Das Kind wird mürrisch, wenn es Hunger hat.
C2 noun /ˈkɑr.mɪn/

Carmine

Karmin
Meaning
a vivid crimson color; a red pigment obtained from cochineal
Example
The artist mixed carmine with white to create a beautiful pink shade.
Der Künstler mischte Karmin mit Weiß, um einen schönen Rosaton zu kreieren.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒndɪˈsɛndɪŋ/

condescending

herablassend
Meaning
having or showing an attitude of patronizing superiority
Example
Her condescending tone upset her colleagues.
Ihr herablassender Ton verärgerte ihre Kollegen.
B2 noun ˌkɒn.ekˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

connectivity

Konnektivität
Meaning
The state of being connected or interconnected; the capacity for the interconnection of platforms, systems, and applications.
Example
Improved connectivity boosts economic development.
Verbesserte Konnektivität fördert die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung.
C1 verb /kʌl/

cull

auswählen / entfernen
Meaning
to select or remove from a larger group, often to reduce numbers
Example
The farmers decided to cull the sick animals from the herd.
Die Bauern beschlossen, die kranken Tiere aus der Herde zu entfernen.
C1 verb /ˈkʌvət/

covet

begehren
Meaning
to desire something belonging to someone else
Example
He coveted his neighbor's new car.
Er begehrte das neue Auto seines Nachbarn.
C1 adjective /ˌkætəˈɡɒrɪkəl/

categorical

kategorisch
Meaning
Absolute and without exception; expressed clearly and directly.
Example
She gave a categorical denial of the allegations.
Sie gab eine kategorische Ablehnung der Anschuldigungen.
C2 noun /kəmˈpɒz.ɪ.tər/

Compositor

Komponist
Meaning
a person who arranges type for printing or creates musical compositions
Example
The compositor carefully arranged the text for the newspaper.
Der Komponist arrangierte sorgfältig den Text für die Zeitung.
C1 adjective /kənˈtraɪvd/

contrived

künstlich oder erzwungen; nicht natürlich oder spontan
Meaning
artificial or forced; not natural or spontaneous
Example
The ending of the movie felt contrived and unrealistic.
Das Ende des Films fühlte sich konstruiert und unrealistisch an.
C1 noun kəˈlɛktɪvɪzəm

collectivism

Kollektivismus
Meaning
The practice or principle of giving a group priority over each individual in it.
Example
Collectivism emphasizes the importance of group over individual interests.
Der Kollektivismus hebt die Bedeutung der Gruppe über individuelle Interessen hervor.
B2 adjective /ˈsel.jə.lər/

Cellular

zellulär
Meaning
relating to cells; consisting of cells; relating to mobile phone technology
Example
Cellular technology has revolutionized communication.
Die Zelluläre Technologie hat die Kommunikation revolutioniert.
C2 adjective /ˈsɜːrkəmskraɪbd/

circumscribed

beschränkt
Meaning
restricted or limited in scope or freedom
Example
Her freedom of choice was circumscribed by social rules.
Ihre Entscheidungsfreiheit war durch soziale Regeln beschränkt.
C1 noun kəˈlæt.ər.əl

collateral

Sicherheit, verpfändetes Vermögen als Kreditsicherheit
Meaning
Something pledged as security for repayment of a loan, to be forfeited in the event of a default.
Example
The bank requires collateral for loan approval.
Die Bank verlangt eine Sicherheit für die Kreditgenehmigung.
A2 adjective /ˈkreɪzi/

Crazy

verrückt; extrem dumm; sehr begeistert von etwas
Meaning
mentally ill; extremely foolish; wildly enthusiastic about something
Example
That's a crazy idea, but it might just work.
Das ist eine verrückte Idee, aber es könnte funktionieren.
A2 noun /kəˈmjuː.nə.ti/

community

gemeinschaft
Meaning
a group of people living in the same place or sharing common interests
Example
The community worked together to clean the park.
Die Gemeinschaft arbeitete zusammen, um den Park zu reinigen.
A2 noun/verb /kɔːz/

cause

Ursache / verursachen
Meaning
a person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition; to make something happen
Example
The heavy rain caused flooding in the city.
Der starke Regen hat Überschwemmungen in der Stadt verursacht.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɛmptʃuəs/

contemptuous

verachtend, abschätzig
Meaning
showing or expressing contempt; scornful
Example
She gave him a contemptuous glance.
Sie warf ihm einen verachtenden Blick zu.
B1 noun /ˈkær.ə.væn/

Caravan

Karawane
Meaning
a group of people traveling together, especially through desert areas
Example
The merchant caravan crossed the desert with camels carrying precious goods.
Die Karawane von Händlern überquerte die Wüste mit Kamelen, die wertvolle Waren trugen.
B1 verb /kənˈɡrætʃʊleɪt/

congratulate

gratulieren
Meaning
to praise someone for an achievement or for a special occasion
Example
I want to congratulate you on your promotion.
Ich möchte dir zu deiner Beförderung gratulieren.
B2 verb /kənˈfɔːrm/

conform

sich anpassen
Meaning
To comply with rules, standards, or laws.
Example
Students must conform to the school regulations.
Die Studenten müssen sich an die Schulvorschriften halten.
C2 verb /kəˈlʌmnieɪt/

calumniate

verleumden
Meaning
To make false and damaging statements about someone; to slander.
Example
He was furious when he realized they had calumniated his reputation.
Er war wütend, als er merkte, dass sie seinen Ruf verleumdet hatten.
B2 verb /saɪt/

cite

zitieren
Meaning
to quote; to mention as an example or proof
Example
The lawyer cites relevant case law.
Der Anwalt zitiert relevante Rechtsprechung.
C2 noun /tʃɜːrl/

churl

Rüpel
Meaning
A rude, boorish, or ill-mannered person.
Example
The waiter was such a churl that customers left unhappy.
Der Kellner war so ein Rüpel, dass die Gäste unzufrieden waren.
A2 adjective /ˈkʌlərfəl/

colorful

bunt
Meaning
having bright colors; full of variety or interest
Example
The festival was full of colorful decorations.
Das Festival war voller bunter Dekorationen.
B2 adverb /kənˈtɪnjuəli/

Continually

kontinuierlich; wiederholt
Meaning
without stopping; repeatedly
Example
She continually checked her phone for messages.
Sie überprüfte kontinuierlich ihr Telefon nach Nachrichten.
B2 verb /ˈkɒmbæt/

combat

kämpfen
Meaning
to fight against something, especially to reduce or stop it
Example
The government is taking steps to combat corruption.
Die Regierung ergreift Maßnahmen, um gegen Korruption zu kämpfen.
C1 noun /ˈsɛntɪˌliːtər/

centiliter

Zentiliter
Meaning
A metric unit of capacity equal to one hundredth of a liter.
Example
The recipe calls for 20 centiliters of milk.
Das Rezept benoetigt 20 Zentiliter Milch.
A2 adjective /ˈkruːəl/

cruel

grausam
Meaning
Willfully causing pain or suffering to others, or feeling no concern about it.
Example
It was cruel to make fun of the injured boy.
Es war grausam, sich über den verletzten Jungen lustig zu machen.
C2 noun /ˈkɒrənɛt/

coronet

kleine Krone
Meaning
a small crown, especially one worn by a prince, princess, or noble
Example
She wore a delicate coronet on her head for the ceremony.
Sie trug eine zarte kleine Krone auf ihrem Kopf für die Zeremonie.
C1 adjective /ˈkrɛdɪtəbl/

creditable

lobenswert
Meaning
Deserving praise or acknowledgment, though not necessarily outstanding.
Example
She made a creditable effort in completing the project on time.
Sie hat eine lobenswerte Anstrengung unternommen, das Projekt rechtzeitig abzuschließen.
B2 noun /kənˈvɜːrtər/

converter

Umwandler
Meaning
a device or person that changes something from one form, system, or use to another; a tool that converts data, energy, or materials
Example
The engineer used a converter to change AC power into DC power.
Der Ingenieur benutzte einen Umwandler, um Wechselstrom in Gleichstrom umzuwandeln.
B2 noun /kənˈfɛkʃəneri/

confectionery

Süßwaren
Meaning
sweets, candies, and other food items made with sugar
Example
The shop sells a wide variety of confectionery.
Der Laden verkauft eine große Auswahl an Süßwaren.
B2 noun /ˈkænən/

Cannon

kanone
Meaning
large heavy gun that fires cannonballs or shells
Example
The castle was defended by several large cannons.
Das Schloss wurde von mehreren großen Kanonen verteidigt.
B2 noun ক্লাইম্যাটিক কন্ডিশন্স

climatic conditions

klimatische Bedingungen
Meaning
The atmospheric or weather patterns of a particular region.
Example
Specific climatic conditions are required for snowfall.
Für Schneefall sind bestimmte klimatische Bedingungen erforderlich.
B2 noun /kənˈvɜː.ʃən/

Conversion

Konversion, Änderung, Transformation
Meaning
The process of changing or causing something to change from one form to another.
Example
High website conversion rates indicate effective marketing.
Hohe Konversionsraten von Websites zeigen effektives Marketing an.
C1 verb /kəmˈpjuːt/

compute

berechnen
Meaning
To calculate or determine by using a computer or mathematical methods.
Example
The software can compute the total cost in seconds.
Die Software kann die Gesamtkosten in Sekunden berechnen.
C2 verb /kənˈdʒɔɪn/

conjoin

vereinigen
Meaning
to join together or unite; to combine
Example
The two rivers conjoin just before reaching the sea.
Die beiden Flüsse vereinigen sich kurz bevor sie das Meer erreichen.
C1 adjective /ˈkɔːrdiəl/

Cordial

herzlich; aufrichtig; freundlich
Meaning
warmly friendly; sincere; heartfelt
Example
She gave us a cordial welcome at the front door.
Sie gab uns einen herzlichen Empfang an der Haustür.
A1 noun /ˈkʌn.tri/

country

Land
Meaning
a nation with its own government and borders
Example
Bangladesh is a beautiful country with rich culture.
Bangladesch ist ein schönes Land mit einer reichen Kultur.
B2 noun /ˌsɜːrtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

certification

Zertifizierung
Meaning
the process of officially recognizing or confirming that something or someone meets required standards; an official document proving qualification
Example
She received her professional certification after completing the training program.
Sie erhielt ihre berufliche Zertifizierung nach Abschluss des Trainingsprogramms.
A2 adjective /ˈsɛntrəl/

central

zentral
Meaning
Situated in the middle; of the greatest importance.
Example
Water is central to human survival.
Wasser ist zentral für das Überleben des Menschen.
C1 adjective /kənˈteɪ.dʒəs/

Contagious

ansteckend; übertragbar
Meaning
likely to spread to and affect others; infectious
Example
Her laughter is contagious and makes everyone smile.
Ihr Lachen ist ansteckend und bringt jeden zum Lächeln.
C2 adjective /koʊˈiːvəl/

coeval

zeitgleich
Meaning
Having the same age, date of origin, or duration; contemporary.
Example
The philosopher was coeval with the rise of modern science.
Der Philosoph war zeitgleich mit dem Aufstieg der modernen Wissenschaft.
B2 noun /kloʊv/

Clove

Nelke
Meaning
aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, used as a spice
Example
She added a few cloves to the mulled wine for extra flavor.
Sie fügte einige Nelken zum Glühwein hinzu, um mehr Geschmack zu verleihen.
C1 noun /ˈkrɛvɪs/

crevice

Riss
Meaning
a narrow crack or opening, especially in a rock or wall
Example
The lizard hid in a crevice between the stones.
Das Eidechse versteckte sich in einem Riss zwischen den Steinen.
B2 noun /kriːk/

creek

Bach
Meaning
a small stream or narrow river
Example
We went fishing by the creek near our house.
Wir gingen angeln am Bach in der Nähe unseres Hauses.
C2 noun /ˈtʃæt.əl/

chattel

bewegliches Gut / persönliches Eigentum
Meaning
a personal possession; historically, movable property including slaves
Example
In the past, slaves were considered the chattel of their owners.
In der Vergangenheit wurden Sklaven als bewegliches Gut ihrer Besitzer betrachtet.
C2 adjective /sɛnˈtrɪfjʊɡəl/

centrifugal

zentrifugal
Meaning
Moving or tending to move away from a center.
Example
The centrifugal force pushes the clothes to the sides of the washing machine.
Die zentrifugale Kraft schiebt die Kleidung an die Seiten der Waschmaschine.
B2 adjective /ˈkɒnʃəs/

conscious

bewusst
Meaning
Aware of and responding to one's surroundings; awake.
Example
She was fully conscious after the surgery.
Sie war nach der Operation völlig bewusst.
A2 verb /kəmˈpleɪn/

complain

sich beschweren
Meaning
to express dissatisfaction or annoyance about something
Example
He often complains about the noise in the neighborhood.
Er beschwert sich oft über den Lärm in der Nachbarschaft.
B1 noun /ˈkæp.ɪ.təl/

Capital

Hauptstadt; Kapital; Vermögen
Meaning
the most important city or town of a country or region; wealth in the form of money or assets
Example
Paris is the capital of France and also a major financial capital.
Paris ist die Hauptstadt von Frankreich und auch ein wichtiger Finanzplatz.
C1 noun /krʌtʃ/

crutch

Krücke, Unterstützung
Meaning
a support used by someone injured to walk; also something relied upon for support or help
Example
He had to use crutches after breaking his leg.
Er musste nach dem Bruch seines Beins Krücken benutzen.
B2 noun/verb /krɪˈtiːk/

critique

Kritik
Meaning
A detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory; to evaluate critically.
Example
The professor asked the students to critique each other's essays.
Der Professor bat die Studenten, die Aufsätze der anderen zu kritisieren.
C1 adjective /kræs/

crass

krass, ohne Sensibilität oder Raffinesse
Meaning
lacking sensitivity, refinement, or intelligence
Example
His crass remarks offended everyone at the meeting.
Seine krassen Bemerkungen beleidigten alle bei der Besprechung.
A1 noun /keɪk/

Cake

kuchen
Meaning
a sweet baked dessert made from flour, sugar, and other ingredients
Example
They ordered a chocolate cake for the birthday party.
Sie bestellten einen Schokoladenkuchen für die Geburtstagsfeier.
C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

zerknüllen
Meaning
to crush something into folds or wrinkles
Example
He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.
Er zerknüllte das Papier und warf es in den Mülleimer.
C1 noun /krʌst/

crust

Kruste
Meaning
the hard outer surface of something, especially bread or the Earth's outer layer
Example
He cut off the crust of the bread before eating.
Er schnitt die Kruste des Brotes ab, bevor er aß.
C2 noun /ˌkɒnvəˈluːʃən/

convolution

Konvolution, komplexe Wendung oder Struktur
Meaning
a twist, coil, or a complex and intricate shape or arrangement
Example
The brain has many convolutions that increase its surface area.
Das Gehirn hat viele Konvulsionen, die seine Oberfläche vergrößern.
C2 noun /kroʊn/

crone

alte Frau
Meaning
An old woman, often one who is thin and ugly, sometimes associated with witch-like qualities.
Example
The children were scared by the story of the wicked crone in the forest.
Die Kinder hatten Angst vor der Geschichte der bösen alten Frau im Wald.
C2 noun /ˈtʃaɪ.nə bɑːks/

China box

Orangenjasmin
Meaning
a small evergreen shrub with tiny white fragrant flowers
Example
The China box plant produced clusters of small white flowers.
Die Orangenjasminpflanze bildete Büschel kleiner weißer Blüten.
C2 verb /ˈkrɪŋ.kəl/

crinkle

knittern
Meaning
To form small creases or wrinkles.
Example
She crinkled her nose at the strange smell.
Sie verzog die Nase bei dem seltsamen Geruch.
C1 noun /ˈkænən/

canon

Kanon
Meaning
A general law, rule, principle, or collection of sacred books accepted as genuine.
Example
The book is now considered part of the literary canon.
Das Buch wird jetzt als Teil des literarischen Kanons betrachtet.
A2 noun /keɪdʒ/

Cage

käfig
Meaning
a structure with bars or wire for keeping birds or animals
Example
The parrot lives in a large cage.
Der Papagei lebt in einem großen Käfig.
C2 verb /ˈkʌzən/

cozen

betrügen, täuschen
Meaning
to deceive, cheat, or trick someone
Example
He cozened the old man out of his money.
Er täuschte den alten Mann und nahm ihm sein Geld ab.
B1 adjective ˈkrɪtɪkəl

critical

kritisch
Meaning
Extremely important; at a point of crisis or urgency.
Example
Addressing critical issues in education is imperative.
Die Lösung kritischer Fragen in der Bildung ist dringend erforderlich.
B1 adjective /kəmˈbaɪnd/

combined

kombiniert
Meaning
formed by bringing together separate parts or elements
Example
The combined effort of the team led to success.
Der kombinierte Einsatz des Teams führte zum Erfolg.
B1 noun /ˈkɒtɪdʒ/

cottage

Häuschen
Meaning
a small simple house, typically in the countryside
Example
They spent their vacation in a cozy cottage by the lake.
Sie verbrachten ihren Urlaub in einem gemütlichen Häuschen am See.
B2 noun /ˈkloʊʒər/

closure

Schließung
Meaning
the action or process of closing something, or the sense of finality or resolution.
Example
The closure of the company left many employees without jobs.
Die Schließung des Unternehmens hinterließ viele Mitarbeiter ohne Jobs.
C1 verb /kəˈluːd/

collude

verschwören
Meaning
To secretly cooperate or conspire with others, often for a deceitful purpose.
Example
The two companies colluded to fix prices in the market.
Die beiden Firmen verschworen sich, um die Preise auf dem Markt festzulegen.
B2 noun /kəˈroʊnə/

corona

eine Krone oder eine kranzähnliche Struktur; bezieht sich auch auf die äußere Atmosphäre der Sonne
Meaning
a crown or crown-like structure; also refers to the outer atmosphere of the sun
Example
The sun's corona was visible during the total solar eclipse.
Die Korona der Sonne war während der totalen Sonnenfinsternis sichtbar.
B2 verb /klɪŋ/

cling

Glück
Meaning
to hold on tightly to someone or something
Example
The child clung to his mother in fear.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
B2 noun /ˌkrɛd.ɪˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/

credibility

Glaubwürdigkeit
Meaning
The quality of being trusted and believed in; trustworthiness.
Example
His credibility as a leader remains unquestioned.
Seine Glaubwürdigkeit als Führer bleibt unbestreitbar.
C2 noun /kænˈtoʊnmənt/

Cantonment

Militärlager
Meaning
a military base or permanent military station
Example
The soldiers lived in the cantonment outside the city.
Die Soldaten lebten im Militärlager außerhalb der Stadt.
C1 noun /ˈkɒl.ə.bəʊn/

Collar-bone

Schlüsselbein
Meaning
either of the pair of bones joining the breastbone to the shoulder blades; clavicle
Example
He broke his collar-bone in the accident.
Er hat sich das Schlüsselbein im Unfall gebrochen.
C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrmɪst/

conformist

Konformist
Meaning
A person who uncritically conforms to established practices or standards.
Example
She was labeled a conformist for always following the crowd.
Sie wurde als Konformistin bezeichnet, weil sie immer der Menge folgte.
B2 verb kəˈlæbəreɪt

collaborate

zusammenarbeiten
Meaning
To work jointly with others, especially in an intellectual endeavor; cooperate.
Example
Volunteers often collaborate with local organizations.
Freiwillige arbeiten oft mit lokalen Organisationen zusammen.
C1 noun /ˈkʌn.stə.bəl/

constable

Polizist
Meaning
a police officer of the lowest rank
Example
The constable directed traffic at the busy intersection.
Der Polizist leitete den Verkehr an der belebten Kreuzung.
C1 noun kəmˈpleɪ.sən.si

complacency

Selbstzufriedenheit
Meaning
Excessive self-satisfaction with one's achievements that can hinder progress.
Example
His complacency led to a decline in his performance.
Seine Selbstzufriedenheit führte zu einem Rückgang seiner Leistung.
B1 noun /kənˈfjuː.ʒən/

Confusion

Verwirrung, Durcheinander, Chaos
Meaning
lack of understanding; uncertainty; the state of being bewildered or unclear in one's mind
Example
There was confusion about the meeting time, so half the team arrived late.
Es gab Verwirrung über die Uhrzeit des Treffens, daher kam die Hälfte des Teams zu spät.
C1 phrase ˌkæt.əˈɡɒr.ɪ.kəl.i rɪˈfjuː.tɪd

categorically refuted

kategorisch widerlegt
Meaning
Completely and absolutely denied or disproved.
Example
The claims were categorically refuted by officials.
Die Behauptungen wurden kategorisch von den Beamten widerlegt.
B1 adjective /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/

complicated

kompliziert
Meaning
consisting of many interconnected parts; difficult to understand
Example
The instructions for the machine are too complicated to follow.
Die Anweisungen für die Maschine sind zu kompliziert, um sie zu befolgen.
A1 noun /ker/

Care

Pflege; Schutz; Fürsorge
Meaning
the provision of what is necessary for health, welfare, or protection
Example
The nurse provided excellent care for the elderly patients.
Die Krankenschwester leistete ausgezeichnete Pflege für die älteren Patienten.
B2 noun /kəmˈpoʊnənt/

component

Komponente
Meaning
a part or element of a larger whole, especially a machine or system
Example
The engine is the most important component of the car.
Der Motor ist das wichtigste Bauteil des Autos.
B2 adjective /kənˈdɪʃ.ən.əl/

Conditional

konditionell; bedingt
Meaning
dependent on certain conditions; not absolute
Example
The job offer is conditional upon passing the background check.
Das Jobangebot ist konditional abhängig vom Bestehen der Hintergrundüberprüfung.
C2 adjective /kəˈnjuːbiəl/

connubial

ehelich
Meaning
Relating to marriage or the relationship of a married couple.
Example
They celebrated their connubial bliss with a honeymoon trip.
Sie feierten ihr eheliches Glück mit einer Hochzeitsreise.
B2 adjective ˈkɒɡnɪtɪv

cognitive

kognitiv
Meaning
Related to mental processes of perception, memory, judgment, and reasoning.
Example
Cognitive functions improve with practice and learning.
Kognitive Funktionen verbessern sich mit Übung und Lernen.
C2 noun /ˈkæʒuɪstri/

casuistry

Kasuistry
Meaning
The use of clever but false reasoning, especially in relation to moral questions.
Example
The lawyer’s argument was dismissed as mere casuistry.
Das Argument des Anwalts wurde als bloße Kasuistry abgewiesen.
C2 adjective /ˈkʌvətəs/

covetous

habgierig
Meaning
having or showing a strong desire for someone else's possessions
Example
She gave him a covetous look when he showed his new watch.
Sie warf ihm einen habgierigen Blick zu, als er seine neue Uhr zeigte.
C1 adjective /kənˈɡrɛʃənl/

congressional

kongressbezogen
Meaning
relating to a congress, especially the US Congress
Example
The bill received strong congressional support.
Das Gesetz erhielt starke kongressbezogene Unterstützung.
B2 noun /klɔː/

Claw

Kralle
Meaning
sharp curved nail on the foot of an animal or bird
Example
The cat extended its sharp claws to climb the tree.
Die Katze streckte ihre scharfen Krallen aus, um den Baum zu erklimmen.
A1 noun /ˈkɒf.i/

Coffee

Kaffee
Meaning
a hot drink made from roasted coffee beans
Example
I need a cup of coffee to start my morning.
Ich brauche eine Tasse Kaffee, um meinen Morgen zu beginnen.
C2 noun /tʃəˈmeɪ.li/

Chameli

Jasmin
Meaning
a variety of jasmine flower with small white fragrant petals
Example
The chameli flowers are commonly used to make garlands and perfumes.
Die Jasminblumen werden häufig zur Herstellung von Girlanden und Parfüms verwendet.
B2 noun /ˈkɑn.trəˌvɜr.si/

Controversy

Kontroverse; Meinungsverschiedenheit
Meaning
prolonged public disagreement or heated discussion; a dispute or argument involving opposing viewpoints
Example
The new policy sparked a major controversy among the citizens.
Die neue Politik löste eine große Kontroverse unter den Bürgern aus.
B2 noun /kənˈdenst mɪlk/

Condensed milk

Kondensmilch
Meaning
milk from which water has been removed and sugar added, creating a thick, sweet product
Example
The recipe calls for a can of condensed milk to make the dessert extra creamy.
Das Rezept verlangt nach einer Dose Kondensmilch, um das Dessert besonders cremig zu machen.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ/

counseling

Beratung
Meaning
professional guidance or therapy to help resolve personal or psychological problems
Example
She decided to go for counseling after feeling stressed for months.
Sie entschied sich, zur Beratung zu gehen, nachdem sie monatelang Stress empfunden hatte.
C2 verb /ˈtʃæfɪŋ/

chaffing

necken
Meaning
Teasing or joking in a lighthearted way.
Example
They were chaffing each other during lunch.
Sie neckten sich während des Mittagessens.
B1 noun /ˈtʃɪl.i/

Chilly/Chilli

kalt; scharfe Paprika;
Meaning
noticeably cold; a hot-tasting pod of a variety of capsicum, used as a spice
Example
The chef added red chilli to make the curry spicier.
Der Koch fügte roten Chili hinzu, um das Curry schärfer zu machen.
B1 verb /kənˈfɜːrm/

confirm

bestätigen
Meaning
to establish the truth, accuracy, or validity of something
Example
The hotel will confirm your reservation by email.
Das Hotel wird Ihre Reservierung per E-Mail bestätigen.
C1 adverb /ˈkrɒswaɪz/

Crosswise

kreuzweise
Meaning
in the form of a cross; diagonally across
Example
Place the logs crosswise to build a stable fire.
Lege die Holzscheite kreuzweise, um ein stabiles Feuer zu bauen.
B2 adverb /ˈkrɪtɪkli/

critically

kritisch
Meaning
in a way that expresses disapproval or a very serious, important way
Example
He was critically injured in the accident.
Er wurde bei dem Unfall kritisch verletzt.
B1 noun /ˈkriːtʃər/

creature

Kreatur
Meaning
A living being, especially an animal.
Example
The forest is full of strange creatures.
Der Wald ist voller seltsamer Kreaturen.
A2 noun ˈkæm.pɪŋ

camping

camping
Meaning
Living outdoors temporarily, especially for recreation; staying in a tent or similar shelter.
Example
Many families go camping during holidays.
Viele Familien gehen während der Ferien campen.
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.ʃəs.nəs/

consciousness

bewusstsein
Meaning
The state of being aware of and able to think about one's existence, sensations, thoughts, and surroundings.
Example
Meditation helps improve consciousness and clarity of thought.
Meditation hilft, das Bewusstsein und die Klarheit des Denkens zu verbessern.
C2 verb /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛs/

convalesce

sich erholen, Gesundheit und Stärke nach einer Krankheit oder medizinischen Behandlung wiedererlangen
Meaning
to recover health and strength after illness or medical treatment
Example
After the surgery, she spent several weeks convalescing at home.
Nach der Operation verbrachte sie mehrere Wochen mit der Genesung zu Hause.
B2 noun /kɜːrl/

Curl

locke; spirale
Meaning
a piece of hair that curves or coils; something with a spiral or curved shape
Example
She had beautiful natural curls that framed her face perfectly.
Sie hatte wunderschöne natürliche Locken, die ihr Gesicht perfekt umrahmten.
C2 noun /ˈkɔːrsər/

courser

schnelles Pferd oder Jagdpferd
Meaning
a swift horse or a hunting horse
Example
The knight rode a fast courser into battle.
Der Ritter ritt in die Schlacht auf einem schnellen Korsar.
C2 adjective ˈkoʊ.dʒənt

cogent

überzeugend
Meaning
Clear, logical, and convincing.
Example
His cogent argument convinced the jury.
Sein überzeugendes Argument überzeugte die Jury.
C1 noun /krʌˈsteɪʃən/

crustacean

aquatisches Tier mit hartem Panzer
Meaning
an aquatic animal with a hard shell, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimps
Example
Crabs and lobsters are well-known crustaceans.
Krabben und Hummer sind bekannte Krebstiere.
C2 adjective /ˈkjʊərətɪv/

curative

heilend
Meaning
Able to cure disease or restore health.
Example
The doctor prescribed a curative treatment for the illness.
Der Arzt verschrieb eine heilende Behandlung für die Krankheit.
B1 noun /ˈkætəɡɔːri/

category

kategorie
Meaning
a class or division of things regarded as having particular shared characteristics
Example
Books are arranged by category in the library.
Bücher sind in der Bibliothek nach Kategorien geordnet.
B2 noun /ˌklærɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

clarification

Klarstellung
Meaning
The action of making a statement or situation less confused and more clearly comprehensible.
Example
The manager requested clarification on the project details.
Der Manager bat um eine Klarstellung der Projektdetails.
A2 noun /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪz/

challenges

herausforderungen
Meaning
Difficult tasks or situations that test someone's abilities or resources.
Example
Overcoming challenges is the key to personal growth.
Herausforderungen zu überwinden ist der Schlüssel zum persönlichen Wachstum.
B1 noun kəˈmɪt.mənts

commitments

verpflichtungen
Meaning
Formal pledges or promises to do something, especially in terms of obligations or agreements.
Example
Global commitments to renewable energy are increasing.
Globale Verpflichtungen für erneuerbare Energien nehmen zu.
C1 noun /ˈkliː.vər/

Cleaver

schneidermesser
Meaning
a heavy knife with a broad blade used for chopping meat or vegetables
Example
The chef used a cleaver to chop the chicken bones.
Der Koch benutzte ein Schneidermesser, um die Hühnerknochen zu schneiden.
C2 noun /ˈkæl.əm.ni/

Calumny

Verleumdung
Meaning
the making of false and defamatory statements about someone in order to damage their reputation
Example
The politician sued the newspaper for spreading calumny about his personal life.
Der Politiker verklagte die Zeitung wegen der Verbreitung von Verleumdungen über sein Privatleben.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊn.səl.ər/

counselor

Berater
Meaning
a person trained to give guidance on personal, social, or psychological problems
Example
The school counselor helped the student deal with stress.
Der Schulberater half dem Schüler, mit dem Stress umzugehen.
A2 noun /tʃɜːrtʃ/

church

Kirche
Meaning
a building used for public Christian worship
Example
The old church in the village was built in the 18th century.
Die alte Kirche im Dorf wurde im 18. Jahrhundert erbaut.
C1 verb /ˈkrɪstəlaɪz/

crystallize

kristallisieren
Meaning
to form crystals; to make an idea or plan clear and definite
Example
Her vague thoughts began to crystallize into a solid plan.
Ihre vagen Gedanken begannen, sich in einen klaren Plan zu kristallisieren.