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C1 adjective /ˈbloʊtɪd/

bloated

aufgebläht
Meaning
swollen or puffed up, often unpleasantly
Example
After the big meal, he felt bloated and uncomfortable.
Nach dem großen Essen fühlte er sich aufgebläht und unwohl.
C1 adjective /ɪˈvæljʊətɪv/

evaluative

evaluativ
Meaning
Relating to or involving evaluation or assessment.
Example
The evaluative phase of the project involves assessing its success.
Die evaluative Phase des Projekts beinhaltet die Bewertung seines Erfolgs.
C1 noun /əbˈstrʌkʃən/

obstruction

hindernis
Meaning
Something that blocks or gets in the way; the action of obstructing.
Example
There was an obstruction on the railway track.
Es gab ein Hindernis auf den Gleisen.
C1 verb/noun /snɑːrl/

snarl

Knurren, Stau
Meaning
to growl aggressively with bared teeth; a tangle or mess
Example
The dog snarled at the stranger near the gate.
Der Hund knurrte den Fremden in der Nähe des Tors an.
C1 verb /ɡloʊt/

gloat

sich freuen
Meaning
To take pleasure in someone else's misfortune or to show smug satisfaction.
Example
He couldn't help but gloat over his rival's failure.
Er konnte nicht anders, als sich über das Scheitern seines Rivalen zu freuen.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈtʌtʃ/

retouch

retuschieren
Meaning
To improve or repair a picture, photograph, or image by making small changes.
Example
The photographer retouched the image to remove blemishes.
Der Fotograf retuschierte das Bild, um Flecken zu entfernen.
C1 noun ˌdɛməˈɡræfɪk trænˈzɪʃən

demographic transition

demografischer Übergang
Meaning
A shift in population patterns from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops economically
Example
The demographic transition indicates a shift towards an aging society.
Der demografische Übergang zeigt einen Wandel hin zu einer alternden Gesellschaft.
C1 verb /sluː/

slew

plötzlich abbiegen
Meaning
To turn or slide violently in a particular direction.
Example
The car slewed across the icy road.
Das Auto schlidderte über die vereiste Straße.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.mə.si/

Intimacy

Intimität; Nähe
Meaning
close familiarity or friendship; closeness; a private cozy atmosphere
Example
The couple valued the emotional intimacy they shared more than material possessions.
Das Paar schätzte die emotionale Intimität, die sie teilten, mehr als materiellen Besitz.
C1 adjective /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/

Vindictive

rachsüchtig
Meaning
having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge
Example
His vindictive behavior towards his former colleagues was unprofessional.
Sein rachsüchtiges Verhalten gegenüber seinen ehemaligen Kollegen war unprofessionell.
C1 verb /dɪˈspɜːrs/

disperse

zerstreuen
Meaning
To scatter or spread widely in different directions.
Example
The police used tear gas to disperse the crowd.
Die Polizei hat Tränengas eingesetzt, um die Menge zu zerstreuen.
C1 noun/verb /ˈbæntər/

banter

Späße
Meaning
playful and friendly exchange of teasing remarks
Example
The colleagues enjoyed some light banter during the meeting.
Die Kollegen genossen ein wenig leichte Unterhaltung während des Treffens.
C1 noun ˈkɔː.pəs

corpus

eine große Sammlung linguistischer Daten, die für die Sprachforschung und Analyse verwendet wird
Meaning
A large collection of linguistic data used for language analysis and research.
Example
Linguists use a corpus to analyze language patterns.
Linguisten verwenden ein Korpus, um Sprachmuster zu analysieren.
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɪɡ.ər.eɪt/

invigorate

beleben
Meaning
To give strength or energy to someone or something.
Example
A morning walk can invigorate both body and mind.
Ein morgendlicher Spaziergang kann Körper und Geist beleben.
C1 noun /pəˈθɒlədʒi/

pathology

Pathologie
Meaning
the scientific study of diseases, their causes, processes, and effects on the body
Example
Advances in pathology helped the doctors identify the rare infection quickly.
Fortschritte in der Pathologie halfen den Ärzten, die seltene Infektion schnell zu identifizieren.
C1 noun /əˈlɒt.mənt/

allotment

Zuteilung, Aufteilung
Meaning
The distribution or allocation of something, especially resources or portions.
Example
Each department received an allotment of resources.
Jede Abteilung erhielt eine Zuteilung von Ressourcen.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈspiːdiənt/

expedient

zweckmäßig
Meaning
suitable or convenient for achieving a particular end, sometimes at the expense of morality
Example
It was expedient to take the shortcut despite the risks.
Es war zweckmäßig, den kürzeren Weg zu nehmen, trotz der Risiken.
C1 noun /ɪˈvæp.ər.ə.tɪv ˈkuː.lər/

Evaporative cooler

Verdunstungskühler
Meaning
a cooling device that uses water evaporation to reduce air temperature
Example
The evaporative cooler works best in dry climates.
Der Verdunstungskühler funktioniert am besten in trockenen Klimazonen.
C1 adjective /ɑːrˈkeɪn/

arcane

arkane
Meaning
understood by few; mysterious or secret
Example
The professor’s lecture was full of arcane details that only specialists could follow.
Die Vorlesung des Professors war voll von arkanen Details, denen nur Spezialisten folgen konnten.
C1 noun /tɪnt/

tint

Färbung
Meaning
a slight shade or variation of a color
Example
The walls were painted white with a slight blue tint.
Die Wände wurden weiß mit einem leichten blauen Tint gestrichen.
C1 noun /nɪl/

Nil

null; nichts
Meaning
nothing; zero; no amount
Example
His chances of winning were nil after the scandal.
Seine Gewinnchancen waren nach dem Skandal null.
C1 noun /ˈəʊ.nəs/

onus

Verantwortung
Meaning
A duty or responsibility, especially a heavy one.
Example
The onus is on the government to provide relief to the victims.
Die Verantwortung liegt bei der Regierung, den Opfern Hilfe zu leisten.
C1 verb /ɪnˈlaɪvən/

enliven

aufmuntern
Meaning
to make something more lively, interesting, or cheerful
Example
Her jokes helped enliven the dull meeting.
Ihre Witze halfen, das langweilige Meeting aufzuheitern.
C1 noun /ˈpɛrəntɪdʒ/

parentage

Abstammung
Meaning
The identity and origins of one's parents; descent or lineage.
Example
Her noble parentage gave her access to the royal court.
Ihre edle Abstammung verschaffte ihr Zugang zum königlichen Hof.
C1 adjective /əˈfɜːrmətɪv/

affirmative

affirmativ
Meaning
expressing agreement, approval, or a positive response
Example
She gave an affirmative answer to the proposal.
Sie gab eine affirmative Antwort auf den Vorschlag.
C1 noun /wedʒ/

Wedge

Keil; keilen; spalten
Meaning
a triangular piece of wood or metal used for splitting or securing; a piece of cheese or cake
Example
He used a wooden wedge to split the log into smaller pieces.
Er benutzte einen Holzkeil, um den Baumstamm in kleinere Stücke zu spalten.
C1 noun /ˈmɒd.ə.sti/

Modesty

bescheidenheit; demut
Meaning
the quality of being humble and not boastful about achievements
Example
Despite his success, he showed great modesty.
Trotz seines Erfolgs zeigte er große Bescheidenheit.
C1 adjective /kənˈɡrɛʃənl/

congressional

kongressbezogen
Meaning
relating to a congress, especially the US Congress
Example
The bill received strong congressional support.
Das Gesetz erhielt starke kongressbezogene Unterstützung.
C1 verb /kənˈdəʊn/

condone

kondonieren
Meaning
To accept or allow behavior that is morally wrong or offensive.
Example
The manager refused to condone harassment in the workplace.
Der Manager weigerte sich, Belästigung am Arbeitsplatz zu kondonieren.
C1 adjective /ˈspaɪni/

spiny

stachelig
Meaning
covered with or full of spines; having sharp points
Example
The spiny cactus stood tall in the desert.
Der stachelige Kaktus stand hoch in der Wüste.
C1 adjective /ˈlɛdʒəbl/

legible

leserlich
Meaning
clear enough to read
Example
Her handwriting was barely legible.
Ihre Handschrift war kaum lesbar.
C1 verb/adjective /ˈɡræspɪŋ/

grasping

greifen / gierig
Meaning
Holding firmly; or (as an adjective) excessively greedy.
Example
The child was grasping her mother’s hand tightly.
Das Kind griff fest nach der Hand seiner Mutter.
C1 noun/verb /dɪsˈkwaɪət/

disquiet

Unruhe
Meaning
A feeling of worry or unease; to make someone feel anxious or uneasy.
Example
The strange silence filled the room with disquiet.
Die seltsame Stille füllte den Raum mit Unruhe.
C1 verb/noun /ˈrɛlɪʃ/

relish

genießen / Gewürz
Meaning
to greatly enjoy; also a condiment or sauce
Example
She relished the opportunity to travel abroad.
Sie genoss die Gelegenheit, ins Ausland zu reisen.
C1 noun /əˈsem.bli ˈseʃ.ən/

assembly session

Versammlungssitzung
Meaning
A formal meeting where representatives gather to discuss and make decisions on important matters.
Example
The assembly session discussed global challenges.
Die Versammlungssitzung diskutierte globale Herausforderungen.
C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

suizidal
Meaning
relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful
Example
The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.
Das rücksichtslose Fahren war selbstmörderisches Verhalten.
C1 verb /rɪˈbjuːk/

rebuke

tadeln
Meaning
to criticize or scold sharply; to express disapproval
Example
The teacher had to rebuke the student for cheating.
Der Lehrer musste den Schüler für Schummeln tadeln.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈskeɪðd/

unscathed

unversehrt
Meaning
Without suffering any injury, damage, or harm.
Example
She escaped from the accident unscathed.
Sie entkam dem Unfall unversehrt.
C1 verb /prəˈkræs.tɪ.neɪt/

procrastinate

prokrastinieren, aufschieben, vertagen
Meaning
To delay or postpone action; to put off doing something, especially out of habitual carelessness or laziness.
Example
He tends to procrastinate when facing difficult tasks.
Er neigt dazu, zu prokrastinieren, wenn er schwierige Aufgaben angeht.
C1 adjective /ˈdiːviəs/

devious

hinterhältig
Meaning
Skillful at using underhanded tactics to achieve goals; not straightforward.
Example
He used a devious plan to gain control of the company.
Er verwendete einen hinterhältigen Plan, um die Kontrolle über das Unternehmen zu übernehmen.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən/

conflagration

großes zerstörerisches Feuer
Meaning
A large, destructive fire that destroys a great deal of land or property.
Example
The forest was devastated by a massive conflagration that lasted for days.
Der Wald wurde von einem riesigen Feuer zerstört, das mehrere Tage andauerte.
C1 noun /ˈdaɪnəˌmoʊ/

dynamo

Maschine, die Elektrizität erzeugt; eine Person mit großer Energie und Begeisterung
Meaning
A machine that generates electricity; a person with great energy and enthusiasm.
Example
She is the real dynamo behind the success of the company.
Sie ist die wahre Dynamo hinter dem Erfolg des Unternehmens.
C1 verb /ˈdʒenərəlaɪz/

generalize

verallgemeinern
Meaning
To make a broad statement by inferring from specific cases.
Example
It is wrong to generalize based on a few experiences.
Es ist falsch, aufgrund von ein paar Erfahrungen zu verallgemeinern.
C1 noun /ˈblʌd.ʃed/

Bloodshed

Blutvergießen; Massaker
Meaning
the killing or wounding of people, typically in large numbers during a conflict
Example
The peace treaty was signed to prevent further bloodshed.
Der Friedensvertrag wurde unterzeichnet, um weiteres Blutvergießen zu verhindern.
C1 noun /ˈvenəm/

Venom

gift
Meaning
a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes; extreme malice and bitterness
Example
The snake's venom can be deadly if not treated quickly.
Das Schlangengift kann tödlich sein, wenn es nicht schnell behandelt wird.
C1 noun /ˈherən/

Heron

reiher
Meaning
large wading bird with long legs and neck that feeds on fish
Example
The heron stood motionless by the water's edge, waiting for fish.
Der Reiher stand reglos am Wasser, wartend auf Fische.
C1 noun /ʃraɪn/

Shrine

Schrein; heiliger Ort
Meaning
a holy or sacred place dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, or saint
Example
Pilgrims visit the shrine to pray for good health.
Pilger besuchen das Heiligtum, um für gute Gesundheit zu beten.
C1 noun /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/

antecedent

antezedent
Meaning
something that came before; a previous event, condition, or cause
Example
The cultural antecedents of this festival go back centuries.
Die kulturellen Antezedenten dieses Festes reichen Jahrhunderte zurück.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.dʒəˈnjuː.ɪ.ti/

ingenuity

genialität
Meaning
The quality of being clever, original, and inventive.
Example
His ingenuity led to groundbreaking innovations.
Seine Ingenuität führte zu bahnbrechenden Innovationen.
C1 noun /tʃɪt/

Chit

Zettel, Notiz
Meaning
a short note, typically a brief informal letter; a voucher for a sum owed
Example
She left a chit on the table asking him to call her back.
Sie ließ einen chit auf dem Tisch und bat ihn, sie zurückzurufen.
C1 adjective /ˈblaɪtɪd/

blighted

verfallen
Meaning
Spoiled, damaged, or destroyed.
Example
The blighted neighborhood was abandoned by most residents.
Das verfallene Viertel wurde von den meisten Anwohnern verlassen.
C1 noun /ˌdɪsbɪˈliːvər/

disbeliever

Ungläubiger
Meaning
a person who does not believe in something, especially a religion or idea
Example
He was called a disbeliever for rejecting the traditional faith.
Er wurde Ungläubiger genannt, weil er den traditionellen Glauben ablehnte.
C1 verb /ɪkˈspaʊnd/

expound

erklären
Meaning
to present and explain in detail
Example
The professor expounded the theory in simple terms.
Der Professor erklärte die Theorie in einfachen Worten.
C1 noun /ˌfɪɡjʊˈriːn/

figurine

kleine Dekorfigur
Meaning
a small ornamental statue or model of a human or animal
Example
She bought a porcelain figurine of a dancing ballerina.
Sie kaufte eine Porzellanfigur einer tanzenden Ballerina.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ/

exhilarating

aufregend
Meaning
Making someone feel very excited, happy, or thrilled.
Example
Skydiving was the most exhilarating experience of his life.
Fallschirmspringen war die aufregendste Erfahrung seines Lebens.
C1 noun /kəˈloʊkwiəˌlɪzəm/

colloquialism

umgangssprache
Meaning
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
Example
The novel is full of regional colloquialisms.
Der Roman ist voller regionaler Umgangssprachen.
C1 adjective /səˈdɪs.tɪk/

sadistic

sadistisch
Meaning
Deriving pleasure from inflicting pain or suffering on others.
Example
The villain had a sadistic smile while hurting his enemies.
Der Bösewicht hatte ein sadistisches Lächeln, als er seinen Feinden Schaden zufügte.
C1 adjective /ˌɪməˈtɪəriəl/

immaterial

unwichtig
Meaning
Not important or relevant; lacking physical substance.
Example
The judge ruled that the argument was immaterial to the case.
Der Richter entschied, dass das Argument für den Fall unerheblich war.
C1 verb /ˈsɛvər/

sever

abschneiden, Beziehungen beenden
Meaning
to cut off or separate, especially by cutting; to end a connection or relationship
Example
He had to sever ties with the company after the dispute.
Er musste nach dem Streit die Verbindung zur Firma trennen.
C1 noun, adjective /ˈlæksətɪv/

laxative

Abführmittel
Meaning
A medicine or substance that stimulates bowel movements; tending to loosen or relieve constipation.
Example
The doctor prescribed a mild laxative for her condition.
Der Arzt verschrieb ein mildes Abführmittel für ihren Zustand.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒenɪtl/

congenital

angeboren
Meaning
existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition
Example
The child was born with a congenital heart defect.
Das Kind wurde mit einem angeborenen Herzfehler geboren.
C1 noun /ˌnoʊtəˈraɪəti/

notoriety

berüchtigung
Meaning
The state of being famous or well-known for something bad.
Example
The criminal gained notoriety for his daring escapes.
Der Kriminelle erlangte Berüchtigung für seine gewagten Fluchten.
C1 verb /rɪˈfjuːt/

refute

widerlegen
Meaning
To prove a statement, argument, or theory to be false or invalid.
Example
The lawyer refuted the witness's testimony with solid evidence.
Der Anwalt widerlegte die Aussage des Zeugen mit soliden Beweisen.
C1 noun /ˌɒbstəˈtrɪʃən/

obstetrician

Geburtshelfer
Meaning
A doctor specializing in pregnancy, childbirth, and women's reproductive health.
Example
The obstetrician monitored the mother’s health throughout the pregnancy.
Der Geburtshelfer überwachte die Gesundheit der Mutter während der Schwangerschaft.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛər/

impair

beeinträchtigen
Meaning
to weaken or damage something, especially a function or ability
Example
Smoking can impair your lung capacity.
Rauchen kann deine Lungenkapazität beeinträchtigen.
C1 noun ˌprɒf.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

profitability

rentabilität
Meaning
The degree to which a business or activity yields profit or financial gain.
Example
Increasing sales and reducing costs boosted profitability.
Die Steigerung des Verkaufs und die Senkung der Kosten erhöhten die Rentabilität.
C1 noun /ˈhɪr.seɪ/

Hearsay

Gerücht
Meaning
information received from other people that one cannot adequately substantiate; rumor
Example
The accusations were based on hearsay rather than concrete evidence or eyewitness testimony.
Die Anschuldigungen basierten auf Gerüchten und nicht auf konkreten Beweisen oder Zeugenaussagen.
C1 adjective /ˈdʒiː.ni.əl/

genial

freundlich
Meaning
friendly, cheerful, and pleasant
Example
She greeted us with a genial smile.
Sie begrüßte uns mit einem freundlichen Lächeln.
C1 adverb /ʌnˈnætʃrəli/

unnaturally

unnatürlich
Meaning
in a way that is not natural or normal; excessively or strangely
Example
He smiled unnaturally, making everyone feel uncomfortable.
Er lächelte unnatürlich und machte alle nervös.
C1 verb /ˈrʌf.l̩/

ruffle

aufwirbeln, ärgern
Meaning
to disturb the smoothness of something; to annoy or upset someone
Example
The wind ruffled her hair.
Der Wind zerzauste ihre Haare.
C1 adjective /ˈɡraʊnd.ləs/

Groundless

grundlos; unbegründet
Meaning
without foundation or justification; baseless
Example
His accusations against her were completely groundless.
Seine Anschuldigungen gegen sie waren völlig grundlos.
C1 noun /fɔːrˈmæl.ə.ti/

Formality

Formalität
Meaning
the rigid observance of rules of convention or etiquette; a thing done simply to comply with requirements
Example
The signing of the contract was just a formality; the deal was already agreed upon.
Die Unterzeichnung des Vertrags war nur eine Formalität; der Deal war bereits vereinbart.
C1 noun ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌktʃərəl dɪˈveləpmənt

infrastructural development

infrastrukturelle Entwicklung
Meaning
The process of building and improving the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
Example
Infrastructural development is necessary for efficient recycling.
Infrastrukturelle Entwicklung ist notwendig für effizientes Recycling.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɛrənt/

inherent

innehrent
Meaning
Existing in something as a natural, permanent, or essential quality.
Example
There are inherent risks in extreme sports.
Es gibt inhärente Risiken bei Extremsportarten.
C1 adjective /ˈskɔːrnfəl/

Scornful

verachtend
Meaning
showing contempt or disdain; expressing scorn
Example
She gave him a scornful look when he made the rude comment.
Sie warf ihm einen verachtenden Blick zu, als er den unhöflichen Kommentar machte.
C1 adjective /ɪˈledʒ.ə.bəl/

illegible

unleserlich
Meaning
Not clear enough to be read; unreadable.
Example
The doctor’s handwriting was almost illegible.
Die Handschrift des Arztes war fast unleserlich.
C1 noun /ˈdek.ə.dəns/

decadence

Dekadenz
Meaning
Moral or cultural decline characterized by excessive indulgence in pleasure or luxury.
Example
The novel describes the decadence of the wealthy elite.
Der Roman beschreibt den Verfall der wohlhabenden Elite.
C1 noun /ˌsʌpəˈzɪʃən/

supposition

Annahme
Meaning
An assumption or belief that something is true without certain proof.
Example
His plan was based on the supposition that the market would recover quickly.
Sein Plan basierte auf der Annahme, dass sich der Markt schnell erholen würde.
C1 noun /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

mosaic

Mosaik
Meaning
A picture or pattern produced by arranging together small pieces of stone, tile, or glass.
Example
The church ceiling was decorated with a beautiful mosaic.
Die Decke der Kirche war mit einem wunderschönen Mosaik geschmückt.
C1 adverb /ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃəli/

Confidentially

vertraulich
Meaning
in a confidential manner; secretly; privately
Example
The information was shared confidentially between the two managers.
Die Information wurde vertraulich zwischen den beiden Managern geteilt.
C1 noun /ɪnˈfjuːʒən/

infusion

Infusion
Meaning
the act of introducing something into another; a drink made by steeping leaves or herbs in liquid
Example
She prepared a calming infusion of chamomile tea.
Sie bereitete eine beruhigende Infusion aus Kamillentee zu.
C1 noun /brʌnt/

brunt

Hauptschlag
Meaning
the worst part or main impact of something unpleasant
Example
The small town bore the brunt of the storm.
Die kleine Stadt trug den Hauptschlag des Sturms.
C1 adjective ˈɑː.dʒu.əs

arduous

anstrengend
Meaning
Involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring.
Example
The trek through the mountains was an arduous journey.
Die Wanderung durch die Berge war eine anstrengende Reise.
C1 noun ˌlɪb.ər.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

liberalization

Liberalisierung
Meaning
The removal or loosening of restrictions on something, typically an economic or political system.
Example
The liberalization of trade policies attracted foreign investments.
Die Liberalisierung der Handelspolitik zog ausländische Investitionen an.
C1 noun /ˌpændəˈmoʊniəm/

pandemonium

Panik
Meaning
Wild and noisy disorder or confusion; uproar.
Example
When the concert was canceled, pandemonium broke out among the crowd.
Als das Konzert abgesagt wurde, brach unter der Menge Panik aus.
C1 verb /prɪˈzaɪd/

preside

vorsitzen
Meaning
to be in charge of a meeting, event, or organization
Example
She will preside over the meeting tomorrow.
Sie wird morgen die Sitzung leiten.
C1 verb /bɪˈɡrʌdʒ/

begrudge

jemandem etwas missgönnen / etwas ungern geben
Meaning
to resent someone for having something; to give reluctantly
Example
She did not begrudge him his success.
Sie gönnte ihm seinen Erfolg nicht.
C1 adjective /maɪˈɑːpɪk/

myopic

kurzsichtig, eingeschränkte Sicht
Meaning
lacking foresight or long-term perspective; also refers to nearsightedness
Example
The company’s myopic strategy led to long-term losses.
Die myopische Strategie des Unternehmens führte zu langfristigen Verlusten.
C1 noun /krʌst/

crust

Kruste
Meaning
the hard outer surface of something, especially bread or the Earth's outer layer
Example
He cut off the crust of the bread before eating.
Er schnitt die Kruste des Brotes ab, bevor er aß.
C1 noun prəˈpɛn.sə.ti

propensity

Neigung oder natürliche Tendenz
Meaning
An inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.
Example
He has a propensity for taking risks in business.
Er hat eine Neigung, in Geschäften Risiken einzugehen.
C1 noun /vɪˈvæsɪti/

vivacity

Lebensfreude
Meaning
The quality of being lively, animated, and full of energy.
Example
The child’s vivacity brightened the entire room.
Die Lebensfreude des Kindes erhellte den gesamten Raum.
C1 verb /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊz/

predispose

veranlassen
Meaning
To make someone more likely to behave in a certain way or be affected by something.
Example
His genetics may predispose him to diabetes.
Seine Gene können ihn eher dazu bringen, an Diabetes zu erkranken.
C1 noun /ˈplez.ən.tri/

Pleasantry

Höflichkeit
Meaning
a remark made in order to be polite or friendly; light conversation or jokes
Example
They exchanged pleasantries before the meeting began.
Sie tauschten Höflichkeiten aus, bevor das Meeting begann.
C1 noun /ˈdʒɛpərdi/

jeopardy

Gefahr
Meaning
Danger of loss, harm, or failure.
Example
His careless driving put everyone in jeopardy.
Seine rücksichtslose Fahrweise brachte alle in Gefahr.
C1 verb /ˌkɒntrəˈviːn/

contravene

verstoßen
Meaning
to go against or act in opposition to a law, rule, or agreement
Example
He contravened the safety regulations and was fined.
Er verstieß gegen die Sicherheitsvorschriften und wurde bestraft.
C1 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈækt/

counteract

gegenwirken
Meaning
to act against something in order to reduce its effect
Example
The medicine helps counteract the side effects of the treatment.
Das Medikament hilft, die Nebenwirkungen der Behandlung auszugleichen.
C1 noun /kəˈmɪtl̩/

committal

Überstellung in Haft / Inhaftierung
Meaning
The action of sending a person to prison or a mental hospital; also the act of committing something to a particular place.
Example
The judge ordered the committal of the accused to custody.
Der Richter ordnete die Überstellung des Angeklagten in Haft an.
C1 verb /ˈdʒʌɡəl/

juggle

jonglieren
Meaning
To continuously toss and catch objects in the air; to manage many tasks at the same time.
Example
He tried to juggle work, studies, and family responsibilities.
Er versuchte, Arbeit, Studium und familiäre Verantwortung gleichzeitig zu jonglieren.
C1 adjective /səkˈsɪŋkt/

succinct

prägnant
Meaning
Briefly and clearly expressed; characterized by clear, precise expression in few words.
Example
His speech was succinct and impactful.
Seine Rede war prägnant und wirkungsvoll.
C1 noun kəˈmɑːnd ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi

command economy

Kommandowirtschaft
Meaning
An economic system where economic activities are controlled by the government.
Example
In a command economy, the government controls production and prices.
In einer Kommandowirtschaft kontrolliert der Staat Produktion und Preise.
C1 verb /ˈlɔːndər/

launder

Wäsche waschen / die Herkunft von illegal erlangtem Geld verschleiern
Meaning
to wash clothes, linens, etc.; or to conceal the origins of money obtained illegally
Example
She laundered all the dirty clothes on Sunday.
Sie wusch am Sonntag alle schmutzigen Kleider.
C1 verb /flaʊt/

flout

missachten
Meaning
To openly disregard or show contempt for a rule or law.
Example
The company was fined for flouting environmental regulations.
Das Unternehmen wurde mit einer Geldstrafe belegt, weil es gegen Umweltvorschriften verstoßen hat.
C1 verb /tʃaɪd/

chide

schimpfen
Meaning
to scold or rebuke; to express disapproval
Example
The teacher chided the student for being late.
Der Lehrer schimpfte den Schüler für das Zuspätkommen.
C1 noun /ˈɛskəpeɪd/

escapade

Abenteuer
Meaning
an adventurous, exciting, or reckless act
Example
Their summer escapade included camping and mountain climbing.
Ihre Sommereskapade umfasste Camping und Bergsteigen.
C1 adjective /ˌhɛtərəˈʤiːniəs/

heterogeneous

heterogen
Meaning
consisting of different kinds or diverse elements
Example
The classroom was filled with a heterogeneous group of students.
Das Klassenzimmer war mit einer heterogenen Gruppe von Studenten gefüllt.
C1 noun ˈdɪskɔrd

discord

Uneinigkeit
Meaning
Disagreement or conflict between people or ideas.
Example
Discord among people disrupts societal stability.
Uneinigkeit unter Menschen stört die gesellschaftliche Stabilität.
C1 noun /pəˈræl.ə.sɪs/

Paralysis

Lähmung
Meaning
the loss of the ability to move part or all of the body; complete inability to act or function
Example
The accident left him with paralysis in his legs.
Der Unfall ließ ihn mit einer Paralyse in den Beinen zurück.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈfɔːltərɪŋ/

unfaltering

unerschütterlich
Meaning
Steady and resolute; not weakening or hesitating
Example
She continued with unfaltering determination.
Sie setzte ihre Arbeit mit unerschütterlicher Entschlossenheit fort.
C1 adjective /ˈtraɪflɪŋ/

Trifling

unbedeutend; trivial; belanglos
Meaning
of little importance; trivial; insignificant
Example
Don't worry about such trifling matters.
Kümmer dich nicht um solche belanglosen Angelegenheiten.
C1 verb /ˈstriːm.laɪn/

streamline

vereinfachen oder Effizienz steigern
Meaning
To make a process simpler and more efficient.
Example
The company aims to streamline production to reduce costs.
Das Unternehmen hat das Ziel, die Produktion zu optimieren, um die Kosten zu senken.
C1 adverb /əˈfrɛʃ/

afresh

von vorne
Meaning
From the beginning, in a new way.
Example
After the failure, they started the project afresh.
Nach dem Fehlschlag begannen sie das Projekt von vorne.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljənt/

Valiant

tapfer; heldenhaft
Meaning
showing courage or determination; brave and heroic
Example
The valiant soldier fought bravely to protect his country.
Der tapfere Soldat kämpfte tapfer, um sein Land zu schützen.
C1 noun /ˈmʌltɪplaɪər/

multiplier

Multiplikator
Meaning
a number or factor by which another number is multiplied; something that increases the effect or value of something else
Example
In economics, government spending can act as a multiplier for economic growth.
In der Wirtschaft können staatliche Ausgaben ein Multiplikator für Wachstum sein.
C1 verb /ˈsɪnɚdʒaɪzd/

synergized

synergisiert, vereint, koordiniert
Meaning
Combine in such a way that the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects.
Example
The teams were synergized to maximize productivity.
Die Teams wurden synergisiert, um die Produktivität zu maximieren.
C1 noun /ˈloʊ.fər/

Loafer

Faulenzer, der Arbeit oder Anstrengung vermeidet
Meaning
a person who avoids work or effort; an idler
Example
Don't be a loafer, help us with the work.
Sei kein Löfer, hilf uns bei der Arbeit.
C1 noun /nɒb/

Knob

ein runder Griff an einer Tür oder Schublade; ein kleiner runder Schalter an einer Maschine
Meaning
a rounded handle on a door or drawer; a small rounded switch on a machine
Example
He turned the brass knob to open the old wooden door.
Er drehte den Messingknopf, um die alte Holztür zu öffnen.
C1 verb /ɪˈkɒnəmaɪz/

economize

sparen
Meaning
To reduce spending or use resources carefully.
Example
Families are trying to economize by cutting unnecessary expenses.
Familien versuchen zu sparen, indem sie unnötige Ausgaben kürzen.
C1 verb /aɪˈdiː.ə.laɪz/

idealize

idealisisieren
Meaning
To regard or represent something as perfect or better than it really is.
Example
Children often idealize their parents.
Kinder idealisieren oft ihre Eltern.
C1 adjective /prəˈvɒkətɪv/

provocative

provokativ
Meaning
Intended to make people angry, excited, or interested.
Example
She wore a provocative dress to the party.
Sie trug ein provokatives Kleid zur Party.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnfɪdænt/

confidant

Vertrauter
Meaning
A person with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting them not to repeat it.
Example
She found a true confidant in her childhood friend.
Sie fand einen echten Vertrauten in ihrem Kindheitsfreund.
C1 noun /mɪˈtrɒp.ə.lɪs/

Metropolis

Metropole
Meaning
A very large city, especially the main city of a country or region
Example
New York is a bustling metropolis with millions of residents.
New York ist eine geschäftige Metropole mit Millionen von Einwohnern.