abstinence
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C1 noun /ˈæb.stɪ.nəns/

abstinence

Abstinenz, Verzicht
Meaning
the practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically alcohol or sex
Example
His doctor advised abstinence from alcohol for better health.
Sein Arzt empfahl Abstinenz von Alkohol für eine bessere Gesundheit.
B2 verb /klɪŋ/

cling

Glück
Meaning
to hold on tightly to someone or something
Example
The child clung to his mother in fear.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnsətɪv/

insensitive

gefühllos
Meaning
Showing or feeling no concern for others' feelings.
Example
His insensitive comment hurt her deeply.
Sein gefühlloser Kommentar hat sie tief verletzt.
B2 preposition /əˈmɪd/

amid

mitten in
Meaning
in the middle of or surrounded by something
Example
The team stayed calm amid the chaos.
Das Team blieb ruhig mitten im Chaos.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌltri/

sultry

heiß und feucht, anziehend
Meaning
Uncomfortably hot and humid; also describes someone attractive in a passionate or sensual way.
Example
The sultry weather made it hard to focus on work.
Das heiße und feuchte Wetter erschwerte es, sich auf die Arbeit zu konzentrieren.
C2 noun /ˌself əˈbeɪs.mənt/

self-abasement

Selbsterniedrigung
Meaning
The act of belittling or humiliating oneself.
Example
His constant self-abasement made others uncomfortable.
Seine ständige Selbsterniedrigung machte andere unwohl.
C2 noun /loʊm/

loam

fruchtbarer Lehmboden
Meaning
Fertile soil mixture of sand, clay, and organic matter.
Example
Loam soil is ideal for agriculture due to its nutrient content.
Loam-Boden ist ideal für die Landwirtschaft aufgrund seines Nährstoffgehalts.
B2 adverb /rɪˈɡɑrdləs/

regardless

unabhängig von
Meaning
without paying attention to the current situation or condition
Example
She will go to the party regardless of the weather.
Sie wird zur Party gehen, unabhängig vom Wetter.
B2 adverb /ˈdʌbli/

doubly

doppelt
Meaning
in a twofold manner; to twice the degree
Example
She felt doubly fortunate after winning the prize and getting a promotion.
Sie fühlte sich doppelt so glücklich, nachdem sie den Preis gewonnen und eine Beförderung erhalten hatte.
C2 verb /ˈɪŋkʌlpeɪt/

inculpate

beschuldigen
Meaning
To blame or accuse someone of wrongdoing.
Example
The evidence seemed to inculpate the suspect in the crime.
Die Beweise schienen den Verdächtigen im Verbrechen zu beschuldigen.
B2 noun /træŋˈkwɪləti/

tranquility

Ruhe
Meaning
the quality or state of being calm and peaceful
Example
He enjoyed the tranquility of the countryside.
Er genoss die Ruhe der Landschaft.
C2 noun /ˈkɒksweɪn/

coxswain

Steuermann
Meaning
the person in charge of navigating and steering a boat, especially a racing or small boat
Example
The coxswain shouted instructions to the rowing team.
Der Steuermann gab Anweisungen an das Ruderteam.
A2 noun /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/

childhood

Kindheit
Meaning
the period of being a child
Example
She spent her childhood in a small village.
Sie verbrachte ihre Kindheit in einem kleinen Dorf.
A2 verb /əˈtend/

attend

teilnehmen
Meaning
to be present at; to give attention to; to take care of
Example
I will attend the conference next week.
Ich werde nächste Woche an der Konferenz teilnehmen.
B2 noun /wiːd/

Weed

Unkraut
Meaning
a wild plant growing where it is not wanted; unwanted plant
Example
The garden was full of weeds that needed to be removed.
Der Garten war voller Unkraut, das entfernt werden musste.
B1 verb /ˌɪntərˈækt/

interact

interagieren
Meaning
to communicate or work together with someone or something
Example
Students interact with teachers during class discussions.
Die Schüler interagieren während der Unterrichtsdiskussionen mit den Lehrern.
A2 noun /ˈpleɪər/

player

Spieler
Meaning
a person who participates in a game or sport
Example
The player scored the winning goal.
Der Spieler erzielte das Siegestor.
B1 noun /ˈfɔːr.mæt/

Format

Format
Meaning
the way in which something is arranged or set out; the shape, size, and presentation of a book or document
Example
Please submit your report in PDF format by the end of the week.
Bitte reichen Sie Ihren Bericht bis zum Ende der Woche im PDF-Format ein.
B2 noun /ˈmɪks.tʃər/

Mixture

Mischung
Meaning
a combination of different substances or elements
Example
The cake batter is a mixture of flour, eggs, and milk.
Der Teig ist eine Mischung aus Mehl, Eiern und Milch.
C1 adjective /ˈlɪstləs/

listless

energielos
Meaning
lacking energy, enthusiasm, or interest
Example
She felt listless after working long hours without rest.
Sie fühlte sich energielos, nachdem sie lange Stunden ohne Pause gearbeitet hatte.
C2 adjective /ˈdʒɒkjələr/

jocular

spaßig
Meaning
fond of or characterized by joking; humorous
Example
His jocular nature made him popular among colleagues.
Seine spaßige Art machte ihn unter seinen Kollegen beliebt.
C2 adjective /ˌfæntæzməˈɡɒrɪkəl/

phantasmagorical

phantasmagorisch
Meaning
Having a fantastic, dreamlike, or surreal appearance, often shifting or illusory.
Example
The movie created a phantasmagorical vision of another world.
Der Film schuf eine phantasmagorische Vision einer anderen Welt.
C2 noun /ˈnæfθə/

naphtha

Nafta
Meaning
A flammable oil containing hydrocarbons, obtained from petroleum or coal tar, used as fuel or solvent.
Example
The factory stored barrels of naphtha for industrial use.
Die Fabrik lagerte Fässer mit Nafta für industrielle Zwecke.
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrtʃmənt/

parchment

Pergament
Meaning
a thin material made from animal skin, used in the past for writing
Example
The ancient manuscript was written on parchment.
Das alte Manuskript wurde auf Pergament geschrieben.
B1 noun /ˌɒp.əˈtjuː.nə.ti/

opportunity

Gelegenheit
Meaning
A favorable chance or set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something.
Example
She seized the opportunity to study abroad.
Sie ergriff die Gelegenheit, im Ausland zu studieren.
A2 adjective /ˈfɔːrən/ or /ˈfɑːrən/

foreign

fremd
Meaning
Belonging to or coming from another country.
Example
She loves studying foreign languages.
Sie liebt es, fremde Sprachen zu lernen.
C1 verb /ˈbrændɪʃ/

brandish

schwenken
Meaning
to wave or flourish something, especially a weapon, in a threatening or showy way
Example
He brandished a sword to scare off the intruders.
Er schwang ein Schwert, um die Eindringlinge zu erschrecken.
A2 noun reɪndʒ

range

Reichweite
Meaning
The extent or scope of something; the distance that can be covered or the limits within which something operates.
Example
The new electric car has a range of 400 miles.
Das neue Elektroauto hat eine Reichweite von 400 Meilen.
C2 adjective /ˈlɪŋɡwəl/

lingual

mit der Zunge verbunden
Meaning
Relating to the tongue or speech.
Example
The dentist examined the patient's lingual surface of the teeth.
Der Zahnarzt untersuchte die linguale Oberfläche der Zähne des Patienten.
B1 noun, verb /stɒk/

stock

bestand
Meaning
a supply of goods kept for sale or use; to keep or fill with goods
Example
The shop stocks a wide variety of products.
Das Geschäft führt eine große Auswahl an Produkten.
C2 noun /əˈpɜːrtənənsɪz/

appurtenances

Zubehör
Meaning
Additional items or accessories associated with something, often used in a legal or property context.
Example
The house was sold along with all its appurtenances, including the garage and garden.
Das Haus wurde zusammen mit allen seinen Zubehörteilen, einschließlich der Garage und des Gartens, verkauft.
C1 adjective ˈdɔːn.tɪŋ

daunting

abschreckend oder herausfordernd
Meaning
Something that seems intimidating or challenging.
Example
The task seemed daunting, but she completed it successfully.
Die Aufgabe schien beängstigend, aber sie beendete sie erfolgreich.
C1 noun /ˈɒktɪv/

octave

Oktave
Meaning
A series of eight musical notes, or the interval between one musical pitch and another with double its frequency.
Example
The singer's voice could easily reach the higher octave.
Die Stimme eines Sängers konnte leicht die höhere Oktave erreichen.
B2 noun /ˈspəʊkswɪmən/

spokeswoman

sprecherin frau
Meaning
a woman who speaks on behalf of a group or organization
Example
The spokeswoman for the company announced the new product.
Die sprecherin des unternehmens kündigte das neue produkt an.
A1 noun /ˈbɔɪˌfrɛnd/

boyfriend

der Freund
Meaning
a man or boy that someone is having a romantic or close relationship with
Example
She introduced her boyfriend to her parents.
Sie stellte ihren Freund ihren Eltern vor.
C2 noun /ˈprɛʃəns/ or /ˈpriːʃəns/

prescience

Voraussicht
Meaning
the ability to know or predict what will happen in the future
Example
Her prescience about market trends saved the company.
Ihre Voraussicht über Markttrends rettete das Unternehmen.
A2 verb /dɪˈskʌs/

discuss

besprechen
Meaning
To talk about something with another person or group in detail.
Example
We need to discuss the project before finalizing it.
Wir müssen das Projekt besprechen, bevor wir es abschließen.
C2 verb, noun /ɡaʊdʒ/

gouge

aushöhlen, überteuern
Meaning
To cut or scoop out a deep hole or groove; to overcharge unfairly.
Example
He accidentally gouged a hole in the wooden table.
Er hat versehentlich ein Loch in den Holztisch gemacht.
C1 adjective /spɑːrs/

sparse

spärlich
Meaning
thinly scattered or distributed; not dense or abundant
Example
Vegetation was sparse in the desert.
Die Vegetation war spärlich in der Wüste.
B1 noun /piːtʃ/

Peach

pfirsich
Meaning
a soft round fruit with fuzzy skin, sweet flesh, and a large pit in the center
Example
The peach was perfectly ripe and juicy when I bit into it.
Der Pfirsich war perfekt reif und saftig, als ich hinein biss.
C2 adjective /ˌsɪkəˈfæntɪk/

sycophantic

Schmeichlerisch
Meaning
Behaving in a way that is excessively obedient or servile to gain favor.
Example
His sycophantic behavior annoyed his colleagues.
Sein schmeichlerisches Verhalten nervte seine Kollegen.
A2 noun /ɡəʊlz/

goals

Ziele
Meaning
Objectives or targets that someone aims to achieve.
Example
Achieving development goals requires cooperation.
Die Erreichung der Entwicklungsziele erfordert Zusammenarbeit.
B1 noun tɪk mɑːrk

tick mark

Haken
Meaning
A mark (✓) used to indicate that something is correct or has been chosen, checked, or dealt with.
Example
I put a tick mark on all the completed tasks.
Ich habe bei allen abgeschlossenen Aufgaben ein Häkchen gemacht.
B1 noun /ˈkɑːr.pən.tər/

Carpenter

Schreiner
Meaning
a person who makes and repairs wooden objects and structures
Example
The carpenter built a beautiful wooden cabinet for the kitchen.
The carpenter built a beautiful wooden cabinet for the kitchen.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrpətreɪt/

perpetrate

begehen
Meaning
To commit or carry out, typically a harmful, illegal, or immoral act.
Example
The hackers perpetrated a massive cyber attack on the company.
Die Hacker haben einen großen Cyberangriff auf das Unternehmen verübt.
B1 adjective /ˈɛnd.ləs/

Endless

endlos; unendlich; unbegrenzt
Meaning
having no end; infinite; limitless
Example
The ocean seemed endless from the shore.
Der Ozean schien vom Ufer aus endlos.
C1 noun /kəmˈplɪsəti/

complicity

Komplizität
Meaning
the state of being involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing
Example
The court revealed his complicity in the fraud scheme.
Das Gericht enthüllte seine Komplizität im Betrugsplan.
B2 noun ˌɪmplɪmenˈteɪʃən

implementation

Umsetzung
Meaning
The process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution.
Example
Proper implementation of policies is crucial.
Die ordnungsgemäße Umsetzung von Richtlinien ist entscheidend.
A2 verb /bɪˈlɒŋ/

belong

gehören
Meaning
to be in the right place or to be a member of a group
Example
She felt she truly belonged to the team.
Sie fühlte, dass sie wirklich zum Team gehörte.
B2 noun /hʊd/

Hood

Kapuze
Meaning
the expandable neck region of certain snakes like cobras; a covering for the head
Example
The cobra spread its hood when it felt threatened.
Die Kobra verbreitete ihren Kopf, als sie sich bedroht fühlte.
B1 noun /ˈbaɪbəl/

bible

bibel
Meaning
the Christian scriptures consisting of the Old and New Testaments; also used for any authoritative book
Example
She reads the Bible every morning.
Sie liest die Bibel jeden Morgen.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈbraɪdld/

unbridled

ungestüm
Meaning
Uncontrolled and unrestrained.
Example
The protesters showed unbridled enthusiasm for change.
Die Demonstranten zeigten ungebremste Begeisterung für Veränderung.
B2 verb /stʌn/

stun

erschüttern, betäuben
Meaning
to shock or surprise someone greatly; to knock someone unconscious or dazed
Example
The news of her sudden resignation stunned everyone.
Die Nachricht von ihrem plötzlichen Rücktritt hat alle erschüttert.
C2 verb /diːˈfrɑːk/

defrock

einen Priester seines Amtes entheben
Meaning
to officially remove a priest or minister from their position and authority
Example
The church decided to defrock the priest after the scandal.
Die Kirche entschied sich, den Priester nach dem Skandal zu entkleiden.
C2 verb /əˈbrɪdʒ/

abridge

verkürzen
Meaning
to shorten a text without losing its meaning
Example
The editor decided to abridge the long novel for young readers.
Der Herausgeber entschied sich, den langen Roman für junge Leser zu kürzen.
B2 adjective ˌɪnstrəˈmɛntl

instrumental

instrumentell
Meaning
Serving as a crucial means, agent, or tool; having a part in bringing about a result.
Example
Children can be instrumental in building a better society.
Kinder können bei der Schaffung einer besseren Gesellschaft eine wichtige Rolle spielen.
C2 noun /ˈiːɡlət/

eaglet

Adlerjunge
Meaning
A young eagle.
Example
The eaglet waited in the nest for its mother to return.
Der Adlerjunge wartete im Nest, dass seine Mutter zurückkam.
C1 adjective /ˌɒstɛnˈteɪʃəs/

ostentatious

protzig
Meaning
Characterized by a showy or pretentious display intended to impress others.
Example
He wore an ostentatious gold chain to the party.
Er trug eine protzige goldene Kette zur Party.
C2 noun /ˈbɑːr.kəˌroʊl/

barcarole

Barcarole
Meaning
a traditional Venetian boat song, often in 6/8 time
Example
The orchestra played a beautiful barcarole that reminded me of Venice.
Das Orchester spielte eine wunderschöne Barcarole, die mich an Venedig erinnerte.
C1 phrase lɪˈdʒɪt.ɪ.mət sɛlf dɪˈfens

legitimate self-defense

rechtfertigte Selbstverteidigung
Meaning
Lawful protection of oneself from harm or attack.
Example
The country claimed it was legitimate self-defense.
Das Land behauptete, es sei eine rechtfertigte Selbstverteidigung.
B2 adjective /ˌfɪl.əˈsɒf.ɪ.kəl/

philosophical

philosophisch
Meaning
relating to the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence
Example
She maintained a calm and philosophical attitude during the crisis.
Sie behielt während der Krise eine ruhige und philosophische Haltung bei.
B1 noun /əˈsaɪnmənt/

assignment

Aufgabe
Meaning
a task or piece of work given to someone as part of their duties
Example
The students completed their homework assignment on time.
Die Studenten haben ihre Hausaufgabe pünktlich abgeschlossen.
C1 noun /ˈʃær.ən fruːt/

Sharon fruit

Sharon Frucht
Meaning
a sweet orange persimmon fruit that can be eaten when firm
Example
The Sharon fruit is sweet and can be eaten like an apple.
Die Sharon-Frucht ist süß und kann wie ein Apfel gegessen werden.
C1 noun /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

mosaic

Mosaik
Meaning
A picture or pattern produced by arranging together small pieces of stone, tile, or glass.
Example
The church ceiling was decorated with a beautiful mosaic.
Die Decke der Kirche war mit einem wunderschönen Mosaik geschmückt.
C2 adjective /ˈnɒti/

knotty

kompliziert
Meaning
Complicated, difficult to solve or full of knots.
Example
He faced a knotty legal issue.
Er hatte mit einer komplizierten rechtlichen Angelegenheit zu kämpfen.
B2 verb /plʌk/

pluck

pflücken, Mut fassen
Meaning
to take hold of and quickly remove; to gather courage or determination
Example
She plucked a flower from the garden.
Sie pflückte eine Blume aus dem Garten.
C2 verb /ˈræm.ɪ.faɪ/

ramify

sich verzweigen
Meaning
to spread or branch out into divisions or subdivisions.
Example
The river ramifies into several smaller streams.
Der Fluss verzweigt sich in mehrere kleinere Bäche.
C1 verb /həˈluːsɪneɪt/

hallucinate

halluzinieren
Meaning
to see, hear, or sense things that are not actually present, often due to illness or drugs
Example
After taking the medicine, he began to hallucinate strange shapes.
Nach der Einnahme des Medikaments begann er, seltsame Formen zu halluzinieren.
B1 noun /ɪkˈspreʃ.ən/

Expression

Ausdruck; Darstellung;
Meaning
the act of making thoughts or feelings known; a look on someone's face
Example
The artist's painting was a beautiful expression of her inner emotions.
Das Gemälde des Künstlers war ein schöner Ausdruck ihrer inneren Emotionen.
A2 noun /ˈbæskɪtbɔːl/

basketball

Basketball
Meaning
a game played by two teams who try to score points by throwing a ball through a hoop
Example
He loves playing basketball with his friends.
Er liebt es, mit seinen Freunden Basketball zu spielen.
C1 noun /ˈɪnsɪdəns/

incidence

inzidenz
Meaning
the occurrence, rate, or frequency of something
Example
The incidence of road accidents has decreased this year.
Die Inzidenz von Straßenunfällen ist in diesem Jahr gesenkt worden.
C2 verb /ɪnˈɡreɪʃiˌeɪt/

ingratiate

Meaning
To gain favor or approval by deliberate effort, often in a flattering way.
Example
She tried to ingratiate herself with her boss by complimenting him often.
B2 noun /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/

infinity

unendlich
Meaning
A concept describing something without any limit or end.
Example
The universe seems to stretch into infinity.
Das Universum scheint sich ins Unendliche auszudehnen.
C2 adjective /ˈtɛsəleɪtɪd/

tessellated

verflochten
Meaning
arranged in a pattern of repeated shapes fitting together without gaps
Example
The tessellated floor was made of colorful tiles arranged in perfect symmetry.
Der verflochtene Boden war aus bunten Fliesen, die in perfekter Symmetrie angeordnet waren.
B2 noun /ˈaʊtbɜːrst/

outburst

plötzlicher Ausbruch von Wut oder Emotion
Meaning
a sudden release of strong emotion or activity
Example
She had an angry outburst during the meeting.
Sie hatte während des Treffens einen wütenden Ausbruch.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːvənt/

servant

Diener
Meaning
a person who performs duties for others, especially in a household
Example
The servant opened the door for the guests.
Der Diener öffnete die Tür für die Gäste.
C2 noun /ˌlɪt.əˈrɑː.ti/

literati

Literaten
Meaning
well-educated, literary, or scholarly people
Example
The event was attended by poets, critics, and other members of the literati.
Die Veranstaltung wurde von Dichtern, Kritikern und anderen Mitgliedern der Literaten besucht.
B2 noun /wʌn θɜːd/

one-third

ein Drittel
Meaning
one part of something that is divided into three equal parts
Example
One-third of the class was absent today.
Ein Drittel der Klasse war heute abwesend.
A2 noun /ræt/

Rat

ratte
Meaning
a large long-tailed rodent that is typically considered a pest
Example
The rat scurried across the kitchen floor.
Die Ratte lief über den Küchenboden.
A2 adverb /ˈiːkwəli/

equally

gleichmäßig
Meaning
in an equal or fair way; to the same degree
Example
The prize money was equally divided among the winners.
Das Preisgeld wurde gleichmäßig unter den Gewinnern aufgeteilt.
C1 verb /ˈskævɪndʒ/

scavenge

im Müll nach etwas suchen
Meaning
to search through waste or discarded material to find useful items
Example
The children scavenged for food in the garbage dump.
Die Kinder durchsuchten den Müll nach Essen.
C1 adjective /ˈriː.fleks/

Reflex

Reflex
Meaning
an action performed without conscious thought; relating to reflection
Example
The doctor tested her reflex response by tapping her knee.
Der Arzt testete ihre Reflexantwort, indem er ihr Knie klopfte.
C2 noun /ˌniːoʊˈdɑːrwɪnɪzəm/

neo-darwinism

Neo-Darwinismus
Meaning
A modern interpretation of Darwin's theory of evolution, integrating genetics and natural selection.
Example
Neo-Darwinism combines Darwin’s theory of natural selection with modern genetics.
Der Neo-Darwinismus kombiniert Darwins Theorie der natürlichen Selektion mit moderner Genetik.
A2 verb /rɪˈpleɪs/

replace

ersetzen
Meaning
to take the place of something or someone; to put something new in place of something old
Example
He decided to replace the broken lamp with a new one.
Er entschied sich, die kaputte Lampe durch eine neue zu ersetzen.
C1 adjective /ˈmjuːtɪd/

muted

gedämpft
Meaning
softened in sound, color, or effect; subdued
Example
The room was painted in muted shades of blue and grey.
Der Raum war in gedämpften Blautönen und Grautönen gestrichen.
C1 verb /kənˈsaɪn/

consign

übergeben
Meaning
to deliver something to a person or place, often for selling or safekeeping
Example
He consigned the package to the shipping company.
Er hat das Paket an die Versandfirma übergeben.
C1 adjective əʊˈpeɪk

opaque

undurchsichtig, undurchdringlich, schwer zu verstehen
Meaning
Not able to be seen through; not transparent; difficult to understand.
Example
The glass was too opaque to see through.
Das Glas war zu undurchsichtig, um hindurch zu sehen.
B2 noun /ˈdeb.riː/

debris

Trümmer
Meaning
Scattered pieces of waste or remains.
Example
Debris in the eyes causes irritation.
Trümmer in den Augen verursachen Irritationen.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsɪɡniə/

insignia

Abzeichen
Meaning
A badge or symbol that shows rank, position, or membership.
Example
The soldier proudly wore the insignia of his regiment.
Der Soldat trug stolz das Abzeichen seines Regiments.
C2 verb /ˈmæŋɡəl/

mangle

zerschmettern
Meaning
to severely damage or mutilate something, often by tearing or crushing
Example
The car was mangled in the accident.
Das Auto war bei dem Unfall zerschmettert.
B2 adjective /ˈkɒn.trər.i/

Contrary

entgegengesetzt; gegensätzlich;
Meaning
opposite in nature, direction, or meaning; completely different
Example
Contrary to popular belief, cats can be very social animals.
Im Gegensatz zu der weit verbreiteten Meinung können Katzen sehr gesellige Tiere sein.
C2 noun /ˈɡʊrmənd/

gourmand

Feinschmecker
Meaning
A person who enjoys eating a lot or has a great appetite for food.
Example
As a true gourmand, he never missed an opportunity to try new dishes.
Als wahrer Feinschmecker verpasste er nie die Gelegenheit, neue Gerichte zu probieren.
C1 adjective /ˈɪmpjəd(ə)nt/

impudent

frech, unverschämt
Meaning
not showing due respect for another person; rude
Example
The impudent child talked back to the teacher.
Das freche Kind antwortete dem Lehrer.
C1 noun /klæn/

clan

Clan
Meaning
a large family group or a close-knit community with shared interests or ancestry
Example
The entire clan gathered to celebrate the festival.
Der ganze Clan versammelte sich, um das Festival zu feiern.
B2 noun /ˌriː.əˈʃʊr.əns/

Reassurance

Beruhigung
Meaning
comfort or confidence given to someone to remove their fears or doubts
Example
She needed reassurance that everything would be okay.
Sie brauchte die Beruhigung, dass alles in Ordnung sein würde.
C2 noun /ˈlɪtəni/

litany

litanei
Meaning
a long, repetitive, or tedious account or list; originally a form of prayer
Example
The politician gave a litany of promises during the campaign.
Der Politiker gab eine lange Liste von Versprechungen während des Wahlkampfs.
C1 adjective /ˈfɜːr.vənt/

fervent

leidenschaftlich, enthusiastisch
Meaning
having or showing intense passion or enthusiasm
Example
She gave a fervent speech about climate change.
Sie hielt eine leidenschaftliche Rede über den Klimawandel.
B2 noun /ˈdʒɜːr.nəl/

Journal

zeitschrift
Meaning
a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject; a daily record of events
Example
She kept a personal journal to record her thoughts and experiences.
Sie führte ein persönliches Journal, um ihre Gedanken und Erfahrungen festzuhalten.
B2 noun /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/

hydrogen

Wasserstoff
Meaning
a colorless, odorless, highly flammable gas that is the lightest and most abundant chemical element in the universe
Example
Hydrogen is used as a clean fuel in many energy systems.
Wasserstoff wird in vielen Energiesystemen als sauberer Brennstoff verwendet.
B1 adjective /ˈɡreɪt.fəl/

Grateful

dankbar
Meaning
thankful; appreciative;
Example
I am grateful for your kindness and support.
Ich bin dankbar für deine Freundlichkeit und Unterstützung.
B2 verb /skæn/

scan

Glück
Meaning
To look at something carefully or quickly; to digitally copy or capture an image or document.
Example
She scanned the document before sending it by email.
Sie konnte ihr Glück nicht verbergen, als sie den Preis erhielt.
B1 verb /ˈmɛʒər/

measure

messen
Meaning
to determine the size, amount, or degree of something
Example
She measured the length of the table.
Sie maß die Länge des Tisches.
C1 adjective /pəˈnʌltɪmət/

penultimate

vorletzte
Meaning
second to the last in a sequence or series
Example
She finished the penultimate chapter before going to sleep.
Sie beendete das vorletzte Kapitel, bevor sie ins Bett ging.
B2 noun /rɪˈdʒɛkʃən/

rejection

Ablehnung
Meaning
the action of refusing or dismissing something or someone
Example
Her rejection of the offer surprised everyone.
Ihre Ablehnung des Angebots überraschte alle.
C1 adjective /moʊˈmentəs/

Momentous

bedeutend
Meaning
of great importance or significance; having far-reaching consequences
Example
The signing of the peace treaty was a momentous occasion for both countries.
Die Unterzeichnung des Friedensvertrags war ein bedeutender Moment für beide Länder.
C2 noun /draɪ ɡuːs ˈbɛri/

Dry goose berry

getrocknete Amla
Meaning
dehydrated amla fruit, rich in vitamin C and used for medicinal and culinary purposes
Example
Dry goose berry powder is excellent for hair growth.
Getrocknetes Amla-Pulver ist hervorragend für das Haarwachstum.
B1 noun /rɪˈtaɪə.mənt/

Retirement

Ruhestand
Meaning
the action or fact of leaving one's job and ceasing to work; the period of life after leaving work
Example
He is planning his retirement after 40 years of service.
Er plant seine Ruhestand nach 40 Jahren im Dienst.
B1 noun /bʊk ˈsel.ər/

Book seller

Buchhändler
Meaning
a person who sells books, especially as a business
Example
The book seller recommended a great novel for my summer reading.
Der Buchhändler empfahl einen großartigen Roman für meine Sommerlektüre.
C1 verb /əˈprɛs/

oppress

unterdrücken
Meaning
to keep someone down by harsh and unfair use of authority; to suppress
Example
The dictator oppressed the people for decades.
Der Diktator unterdrückte das Volk über Jahrzehnten.
C1 noun kənˌsɒl.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən

Consolidation

Speicherfestigung
Meaning
The process of converting newly learned information into long-term memory
Example
Sleep plays a key role in memory consolidation.
Schlaf spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Konsolidierung von Erinnerungen.
C2 noun /ˌɡæskəˈneɪd/

gasconade

Großtuerei, Prahlerei
Meaning
Extravagant boasting or bragging.
Example
His endless gasconade made him unpopular among his peers.
Seine endlose Prahlerei machte ihn bei seinen Kollegen unbeliebt.
C2 noun /ˈæl.ɪ.mənt/

aliment

Nahrungsmittel
Meaning
food or nourishment that sustains life
Example
Fruits and vegetables are important aliments for a healthy body.
Obst und Gemüse sind wichtige Nahrungsmittel für einen gesunden Körper.
C2 verb /dɪsˈbɜːrs/

disburse

auszahlen
Meaning
to pay out money, especially from a fund
Example
The organization will disburse the funds to the affected families.
Die Organisation wird die Mittel an die betroffenen Familien auszahlen.
B2 noun ˌreɪdɪˈeɪʃən

radiation

Strahlung
Meaning
The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles.
Example
Radiation from the sun can be harmful without protection.
Strahlung von der Sonne kann ohne Schutz schädlich sein.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛndənt/

pendent

hängend
Meaning
hanging down or suspended
Example
The pendent branches touched the ground.
Die hängenden Zweige berührten den Boden.
B1 noun, verb /bʌz/

buzz

Summen
Meaning
to make a low continuous humming sound; a feeling of excitement or interest
Example
I could hear the phone buzz during the meeting.
Ich hörte das Summen des Handys während des Meetings.
B2 noun /ˈpref.ər.əns/

Preference

Vorliebe
Meaning
a greater liking for one alternative over another or others
Example
She has a preference for classical music over pop music.
Sie hat eine Vorliebe für klassische Musik gegenüber Popmusik.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒŋɡruənt/

incongruent

inkongruent
Meaning
Not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or other aspects.
Example
His casual outfit looked incongruent at the formal dinner.
Sein lässiges Outfit sah bei dem formellen Abendessen inkongruent aus.
B2 noun /ˈaʊtˌfɪt/

outfit

Outfit
Meaning
A set of clothes worn together, often for a particular occasion.
Example
She wore a beautiful outfit to the party.
Sie trug ein schönes Outfit zur Party.
C2 noun /dɪˈstreɪnər/

distrainor

Vermögenspfänder
Meaning
a person, usually a landlord, who seizes another's property for unpaid debt or rent
Example
The distrainor took possession of the tenant's car until the debt was cleared.
Der Vermögenspfänder nahm das Auto des Mieters in Besitz, bis die Schuld beglichen war.
C1 noun /ˈɔːnɪŋ/

awning

Markise
Meaning
a sheet of canvas or material stretched on a frame to shelter a place from the sun or rain
Example
We sat under the awning to avoid the heavy rain.
Wir saßen unter der Markise, um dem starken Regen zu entkommen.