Vocabulary Cards
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B2 noun
Peninsula
半岛
Meaning
a piece of land that is almost completely surrounded by water but connected to the mainland
Example
The Korean Peninsula is located in East Asia.
C1 adjective
peninsular
半岛状的
Meaning
Relating to or resembling a peninsula.
Example
The peninsular region is surrounded by water on three sides.
C1 noun
penitence
忏悔
Meaning
The action or feeling of showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.
Example
His eyes were full of penitence after realizing his mistake.
C1 adjective
penitent
懊悔的
Meaning
Feeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.
Example
She was penitent after shouting at her friend.
C2 adjective
penitential
忏悔的
Meaning
Relating to or expressing penitence or penance.
Example
The priest delivered a penitential sermon on forgiveness.
C1 noun
pennant
旗帜
Meaning
A tapering flag used for signaling or as an emblem of victory or achievement.
Example
The team raised the championship pennant proudly.
C2 adjective
pennate
羽毛状的
Meaning
Having parts or structures arranged like a feather; feather-shaped.
Example
The fern has a pennate leaf structure.
C1 adjective
Penniless
一贫如洗；极度贫穷；完全没有资金
Meaning
having no money; extremely poor; completely without funds
Example
After losing his job, he became penniless.
A2 noun
penny
便士
Meaning
a small coin of low value; a very small amount of money
Example
He found a penny on the sidewalk and smiled.
C2 noun
penology
监狱学
Meaning
The study of prison management and criminal rehabilitation.
Example
He decided to specialize in penology to help improve the prison system.
B2 noun
Pension
养老金
Meaning
a regular payment made to someone who is no longer working because of age or disability
Example
After retirement, he receives a monthly pension from the company.
C1 adjective
pensive
沉思
Meaning
Engaged in deep or serious thought.
Example
She looked pensive as she stared out of the window.
C1 adjective
Pent-up
压抑的; 受限的; 被困住的
Meaning
suppressed; restrained; confined
Example
He had pent-up anger that finally exploded.
C2 noun
pentad
五个一组
Meaning
A group or set of five things.
Example
The committee was divided into a pentad of working groups.
C1 noun
pentagon
Meaning
A plane figure with five straight sides and five angles; also refers to the US Department of Defense building.
Example
The Pentagon is one of the most iconic government buildings in the United States.
C2 noun
pentagram
五角星
Meaning
A five-pointed star often used as a symbol in magic, mysticism, or religion.
Example
The wizard drew a pentagram on the floor as part of the ritual.
C2 noun
pentahedron
五面体
Meaning
A solid geometric figure with five faces.
Example
In geometry class, the teacher explained the structure of a pentahedron.
C2 noun
pentameter
五步格
Meaning
A line of verse consisting of five metrical feet.
Example
Shakespeare often wrote his plays in iambic pentameter.
C1 noun
pentathlon
五项全能
Meaning
An athletic contest featuring five different events.
Example
She trained hard to compete in the modern pentathlon.
C2 adjective
pentavalent
五价
Meaning
Having a valence of five, especially in chemistry.
Example
Phosphorus can exist in a pentavalent state.
C1 adjective
penultimate
倒数第二
Meaning
second to the last in a sequence or series
Example
She finished the penultimate chapter before going to sleep.
C2 noun
penumbra
部分阴影
Meaning
a partially shaded area around the shadow of an object, especially during an eclipse
Example
The moon’s penumbra created a dim shadow over the Earth.
C2 adjective
penurious
极度贫穷
Meaning
extremely poor; poverty-stricken; miserly
Example
The penurious family struggled to buy food.
C2 noun
penury
极端贫困
Meaning
extreme poverty or destitution
Example
He grew up in penury but became successful later in life.