C1 verb, noun /spraʊt/

sprout

发芽

Meaning

to begin to grow; to produce new leaves or shoots

Example

The seeds began to sprout after a few days of rain.

种子在几天的雨后开始发芽。

C1 verb /səˈfɪstɪkeɪt/

sophisticate

使精致

Meaning

to make something more complex or refined; to educate or develop in taste and manners

Example

Traveling abroad helped sophisticate his worldview.

出国旅行帮助他完善了世界观。

B2 verb /sɪp/

sip

小口喝

Meaning

to drink in small quantities; to taste carefully

Example

She sipped her tea slowly while reading the newspaper.

她一边读报纸一边慢慢地小口喝茶。

C2 noun /ˈspuːnərɪzəm/

spoonerism

斯普内里兹姆

Meaning

A verbal error in which the initial sounds of words are swapped to create a humorous effect.

Example

He made a spoonerism by saying 'queer old dean' instead of 'dear old queen'.

他通过说'古怪的老院长'代替'亲爱的老皇后'来做了一个斯普内里兹姆。

B2 noun /ˈset.əl.mənt/

Settlement

定居; 协议

Meaning

a place where people establish a community; an agreement that ends a dispute

Example

The early settlement was built near the river for easy access to water.

早期的定居点建在河边，方便取水。

C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃuəl/

sensual

性感

Meaning

Relating to or involving gratification of the senses and physical pleasure.

Example

The painting had a sensual quality that captivated viewers.

这幅画有一种性感的质量，吸引了观众。

B1 adverb /sɪnˈsɪrli/

sincerely

真诚地

Meaning

with genuine feelings; honestly and truly

Example

I sincerely hope you recover soon.

我真诚地希望你早日康复。

A2 adjective /sər'praɪzd/

Surprised

惊讶

Meaning

feeling or showing surprise; astonished

Example

I was surprised to see my old friend at the market.

我在市场看到我的老朋友时感到惊讶。

B1 verb /sərˈvaɪv/

survive

生还

Meaning

To continue to live or exist after a difficult event or situation.

Example

He managed to survive the storm.

他成功地生还了风暴。

C2 adjective /ˈsiːkwənt/

sequent

随后的

Meaning

Following in order or as a result.

Example

The sequent events changed the course of history.

随后的事件改变了历史的进程。

B2 noun /ˈsaɪrən/

siren

警报器

Meaning

A device that makes a loud prolonged sound as a signal or warning; in mythology, a creature that lures sailors with enchanting songs.

Example

The police car passed with its siren blaring.

警车经过时，警报器发出尖锐的声音。

C2 noun /ˈsaɪnɪkjʊər/

sinecure

轻松工作

Meaning

a position requiring little or no work but giving financial benefit or status

Example

He was given a sinecure at the university as a reward for his loyalty.

作为对他忠诚的奖励，他在大学获得了一个轻松的职位。

C1 verb /ˈsɪn.θə.saɪz/

synthesize

合成

Meaning

To combine a number of things into a coherent whole.

Example

Scientists synthesize new compounds for medical research.

科学家为医学研究合成新的化合物。

C1 verb /slaʊtʃ/

slouch

懒散地坐

Meaning

To stand, sit, or move in a lazy or awkward way.

Example

He slouched in the chair, looking tired.

他在椅子上懒散地坐着，看起来很累。

C1 noun /səbˈdʒɛkʃən/

subjection

征服

Meaning

the act of bringing someone or something under control or domination

Example

The people suffered under the subjection of a cruel ruler.

人民在一个残暴统治者的征服下受苦。

B1 noun /steɪk/

steak

牛排

Meaning

a thick slice of meat, typically beef, cooked by grilling or frying

Example

He ordered a grilled steak with vegetables.

他点了一块配蔬菜的烤牛排。

B2 noun /ˈstɛriəˌtaɪp/

stereotype

刻板印象

Meaning

A widely held but oversimplified and fixed idea of a particular type of person or thing.

Example

It is a stereotype that all gamers are antisocial.

所有玩家都是反社会的，这是一种刻板印象。

A1 noun /ˈsʌn.deɪ/

sunday

星期天

Meaning

The day of the week between Saturday and Monday; often considered a day of rest or worship.

Example

We usually relax at home on Sunday.

我们通常在星期天在家休息。

B1 adjective /ʃeɪpt/

shaped

成形的

Meaning

having a particular form or appearance

Example

The sculpture was shaped like a human figure.

雕塑被塑造成一个人形。

C1 noun /skraɪb/

scribe

抄写员

Meaning

a person who writes documents, especially in ancient times; a professional copyist

Example

In ancient Egypt, scribes recorded important events.

在古埃及，抄写员记录了重要的事件。

B2 noun /səˈraʊn.dɪŋz/

surroundings

周围环境

Meaning

The area around a person, place, or thing.

Example

She quickly adapted to her new surroundings.

她迅速适应了她的新环境。

C2 noun /skriːd/

screed

冗长而乏味的文章

Meaning

a long, tedious piece of writing or speech; also a layer of material like cement spread on a surface

Example

He delivered a long screed against corruption.

他发表了长篇的关于腐败的演讲。

B2 verb /skwɒʃ/

squash

压扁

Meaning

to crush or squeeze something with force so that it becomes flat or broken

Example

She accidentally squashed the bug with her shoe.

她不小心用鞋子压死了虫子。

B1 adjective /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/

straightforward

直接

Meaning

easy to understand or do; simple

Example

Her explanation was straightforward and clear.

她的解释简洁明了。

B2 adjective /slɪm/

slim

苗条

Meaning

thin in an attractive or healthy way; small in amount or chance

Example

She looked slim in her new dress.

她穿上新裙子看起来很苗条。

C1 noun /ˈskævɪndʒər/

scavenger

食尸者 / 垃圾收集者

Meaning

an animal or person that feeds on dead or discarded material

Example

Vultures are natural scavengers that clean up the environment.

秃鹫是自然的清道夫，清理环境。

C1 verb /spɜːrn/

spurn

蔑视地拒绝

Meaning

To reject something or someone with disdain or contempt.

Example

She spurned his offer of help.

她以蔑视的态度拒绝了他的帮助提议。

B2 verb /sɔːr/

soar

翱翔 / 快速增长

Meaning

to fly or rise high in the air; to increase rapidly or dramatically

Example

The eagle soared high above the mountains.

鹰飞得很高，越过山脉。

C2 adjective /ˈslæp.dæʃ/

slapdash

草率

Meaning

done too quickly and carelessly; hasty and careless

Example

The report was written in a slapdash manner, full of errors.

报告写得草率，充满了错误。

C1 noun /ˈseɪɑːns/

seance

灵媒会议

Meaning

A meeting where people attempt to communicate with the spirits of the dead.

Example

They held a seance to contact their late grandmother.

他们举行了灵媒会议，以联系已故的祖母。

C1 noun /sɪˈkriː.ʃən/

Secretion

分泌

Meaning

a process by which substances are produced and discharged from a cell or gland

Example

Insulin secretion is crucial for blood sugar regulation.

胰岛素分泌对血糖的调节至关重要。

C2 noun /ˌʃæŋɡriˈlɑː/

shangri-la

虚构的乐园

Meaning

a remote, beautiful, imaginary place where life is perfect and peaceful

Example

They described the island as a modern-day Shangri-La.

他们将这个岛屿描述为现代版的香格里拉。

B2 verb /smæʃ/

smash

打破

Meaning

to break something into pieces violently

Example

She smashed the glass in frustration.

她因沮喪而摔碎了玻璃。

B1 noun /ˈsʌn.set/

Sunset

日落

Meaning

the time in the evening when the sun disappears below the horizon

Example

The romantic sunset painted the sky in golden colors.

浪漫的日落把天空涂上金色。

B2 adverb /səˈfɪʃəntli/

sufficiently

充分

Meaning

to an adequate degree or extent

Example

She studied sufficiently to pass the exam.

她足够努力地学习，才能通过考试。

C1 verb /smɛlt/

smelt

冶炼

Meaning

to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting

Example

The workers smelt iron from its ore in the factory.

工人在工厂中从矿石中冶炼铁。

B2 verb /sɜːrdʒ/

surge

激增

Meaning

to move suddenly and powerfully forward or upward

Example

The crowd surged forward when the gates opened.

当大门打开时，人群向前涌动。

A2 noun /stʌf/

stuff

东西

Meaning

a collection of things or materials, typically unspecified or uncountable

Example

She packed all her stuff into the suitcase.

她把所有的东西都装进了行李箱。

B1 noun, verb /strɪŋ/

string

线

Meaning

a thin piece of cord or thread; to tie or fasten with a string

Example

She tied the package with a string.

她用一根线绑了包裹。

C1 adjective /ˈsæk.rəˌsæŋkt/

sacrosanct

神圣不可侵犯的

Meaning

Regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with; sacred.

Example

Freedom of speech is considered sacrosanct in democratic societies.

言论自由在民主社会中被视为神圣不可侵犯的。

C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

社会政治

Meaning

Combining social and political factors.

Example

Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.

社会政治因素经常影响公共政策决策。

A1 modal verb /ʃʊd/

should

应该

Meaning

used to indicate obligation or duty

Example

You should study for your exams.

你应该为考试学习。

C2 noun /ˈsɪmpəltən/

simpleton

傻瓜

Meaning

a foolish or gullible person

Example

They treated him like a simpleton who could not understand anything complex.

他们把他当作一个无法理解复杂事物的傻瓜对待。

C1 adjective /suːˈpɜːr.flu.əs/

superfluous

多余的

Meaning

Unnecessary, especially through being more than enough.

Example

His speech contained too many superfluous details.

他的演讲包含了太多多余的细节。

B2 noun /stəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

Stability

稳定性

Meaning

the state of being stable; firmness; steadiness

Example

Political stability is essential for economic growth.

政治稳定对经济增长至关重要。

B2 verb /ˈʃɔːrtn/

shorten

缩短

Meaning

To make something shorter in length, duration, or extent

Example

She decided to shorten her speech to fit the time limit.

她决定缩短她的演讲以符合时间限制。

C1 adjective /ˈsɪn.tɪ.leɪ.tɪŋ/

scintillating

闪耀的

Meaning

brilliantly clever, exciting, or sparkling

Example

Her scintillating conversation kept everyone entertained.

她那闪耀的谈话让每个人都感到娱乐。

C1 noun /ˌsɒl.jʊˈbɪləti/

solubility

溶解度

Meaning

The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.

Example

The solubility of salt in water is high.

盐在水中的溶解度很高。

A2 noun /sɔːs/

Sauce

酱

Meaning

a liquid or semi-liquid substance served with food to add moisture and flavor

Example

She added tomato sauce to her pasta.

她在她的意大利面上加了番茄酱。

B2 adjective /ˈstɛdi/

steady

稳定

Meaning

firm, stable, and not likely to change suddenly

Example

He kept his hand steady while painting the picture.

他在画画时保持手稳定。

B2 noun smɔːl ˈɛfərt

Small Effort

小努力

Meaning

Minor actions or initiatives that can collectively make a significant impact.

Example

Small efforts can bring big changes in butterfly conservation.

小努力可以带来蝴蝶保护中的巨大变化。

C2 noun /ˈsɪŋ.krə.ni/

synchrony

同步性

Meaning

Coordination in time, harmony in action or movement.

Example

Their dance performance showed perfect synchrony.

他们的舞蹈表演展示了完美的同步性。

A1 adjective /stɪl/

still

静止

Meaning

not moving or making a sound

Example

The water was still, reflecting the sky.

水面静止，反射着天空。

B2 noun, verb /sɪn/

sin

罪

Meaning

an immoral act considered to be a transgression against divine law; to commit an offense against religious or moral law

Example

He confessed his sin to the priest.

他向神父忏悔了他的罪。

B2 noun /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtɛndənt/

superintendent

管理员

Meaning

a person who oversees, manages, or directs an organization, building, or project

Example

The superintendent visited the classrooms to check on progress.

管理员访问了教室以检查进展。

C2 noun /staɪn/

stein

啤酒杯

Meaning

A large beer mug, typically made of glass or stoneware.

Example

He raised his stein to toast his friends.

他举起了他的啤酒杯，为他的朋友们祝酒。

B1 noun, verb /skiːm/

scheme

计划 / 阴谋

Meaning

a plan or arrangement, especially one that is secret or dishonest

Example

They devised a scheme to cheat investors.

他们制定了一个计划，欺骗投资者。

B2 adjective /ˈsɪtʃueɪtɪd/

situated

位于

Meaning

located in a particular place or position

Example

The hotel is situated near the beach.

酒店位于海滩附近。

C1 adjective /səˈnɔːrəs/

sonorous

深沉的声音

Meaning

Deep, full, and rich in sound.

Example

The actor's sonorous voice filled the entire theater.

演员那深沉的声音充满了整个剧院。

C2 noun /ʃiːf/

sheaf

麦束

Meaning

a bundle of grain stalks laid lengthwise and tied together after reaping; a bundle of objects tied together

Example

The farmer carried a sheaf of wheat on his shoulder.

农民肩上背着一捆小麦。

C2 adjective /ˌsuː.pər.ɪˈrɑː.ɡə.tɔːr.i/

supererogatory

超额的

Meaning

Going beyond what is required or expected; more than necessary.

Example

His donation was supererogatory, far beyond what anyone had asked for.

他的捐赠是超额的，远远超过任何人要求的。

C1 verb /ˈseɪ.vər/

savor

尽情享受

Meaning

To enjoy something completely, especially by dwelling on it.

Example

He savored every bite of the delicious cake.

他细细品味着美味的蛋糕。

B2 verb /ʃriːk/

shriek

尖叫

Meaning

to make a loud, high-pitched cry

Example

She shrieked when she saw the spider.

她看到蜘蛛时尖叫了。

C1 noun /ˈstrɑːtəm/

stratum

层

Meaning

a layer or level of material, or a social class in society

Example

The upper stratum of society enjoyed privileges not available to others.

社会上层享有其他人无法获得的特权。

C1 noun /ˈspiːʃiː/

specie

硬币

Meaning

money in the form of coins rather than notes or credit

Example

The transaction was made in specie.

交易是以硬币完成的。

A2 noun /səˈpraɪz/

surprise

惊讶

Meaning

a sudden and unexpected event or situation

Example

His arrival was a pleasant surprise.

他的到来是一个愉快的惊讶。

C2 noun ˈsaɪəns ˈdezət

science-desert

科学荒漠

Meaning

A region or area lacking in scientific development, research facilities, or educational institutions.

Example

J.C. Bose thrived in a science-desert.

J.C. Bose 在科学荒漠中茁壮成长。

A2 adverb /ˈsɪə.ri.əs.li/

seriously

认真地

Meaning

in a solemn or thoughtful manner

Example

She took the matter very seriously.

她非常认真地对待了这个问题。

B2 noun /ˈspætʃ.ʊ.lə/

Spatula

刮刀

Meaning

a kitchen utensil with a flat, flexible blade used for mixing, spreading, or lifting food

Example

I used a spatula to flip the pancakes in the pan.

我用刮刀翻转平底锅里的煎饼。

A2 verb /skiː/

ski

滑雪

Meaning

to glide over snow on skis

Example

We went skiing in the Alps last winter.

我们去年冬天去了阿尔卑斯滑雪。

B2 adjective /skeərs/

Scarce

稀有的；难以找到的；以小量存在

Meaning

rare; not easily found; existing in small quantities

Example

Fresh water is becoming increasingly scarce in desert regions.

在沙漠地区，淡水变得越来越稀缺。

C1 adjective /ˈʃɑːdi/

shoddy

劣质

Meaning

badly made or done; of poor quality

Example

The contractor did a shoddy job on the repairs.

承包商在修理工作中做了劣质的工作。

C1 noun /ˈspɔɪlˌspɔːrt/

spoilsport

扫兴的人

Meaning

A person who ruins other people's enjoyment or fun.

Example

Don't be a spoilsport and let us enjoy the party.

不要做扫兴的人，放我们享受派对吧。

C1 adjective /ˈsʌbstəntɪv/

substantive

重要

Meaning

Having a firm basis in reality; important, meaningful, or considerable.

Example

The company made substantive changes to its policy.

公司对其政策进行了重要更改。

B1 noun /ˈʃel.tər/

Shelter

避难所

Meaning

a place giving temporary protection from bad weather or danger

Example

The hikers found shelter in a cave during the heavy rain.

登山者在大雨中在山洞里找到了避难所。

B2 adjective /ˈskeptɪkəl/

Sceptical

怀疑的; 不信任的; 对某事的真相持怀疑态度

Meaning

having doubts; not easily convinced; questioning the truth of something

Example

Many scientists remain sceptical about the new theory.

许多科学家对新理论持怀疑态度。

B1 noun/verb /skeɪl/

scale

刻度 / 调整大小

Meaning

A system of ordered marks used for measurement; also means to climb or to adjust in size.

Example

The company plans to scale its operations globally.

公司计划全球扩展其业务。

A2 noun /ˈsɒkər/

soccer

足球

Meaning

a sport in which two teams of eleven players each try to score goals by kicking a ball into the opposing goal

Example

He loves to play soccer with his friends.

他喜欢和朋友们一起踢足球。

B1 noun /sɔːrs/

Source

源头; 来源

Meaning

a place, person, or thing from which something originates; the origin of information

Example

The river's source is high in the mountains.

这条河的源头位于群山之中。

B1 adjective ˈsen.sɪ.tɪv

sensitive

敏感

Meaning

Quick to detect or respond to slight changes, signals, or influences.

Example

Sensitive systems require precise handling.

敏感的系统需要精确的处理。

C1 verb /ˈskaʊər/

scour

擦洗 / 彻底搜索

Meaning

to clean or brighten the surface of something by scrubbing; to search thoroughly

Example

She scoured the kitchen until it shone.

她打扫厨房直到它闪闪发光。

B2 adjective strəˈtiː.dʒɪk

strategic

战略的

Meaning

Relating to the identification of long-term or overall aims and interests and the means of achieving them.

Example

Strategic policies enhance competitiveness.

战略性政策增强竞争力。

C2 noun/verb /ˈsoʊdʒɜrn/

sojourn

短暂停留

Meaning

A temporary stay at a place; to stay temporarily

Example

She enjoyed a brief sojourn in Paris during the summer.

她在夏天享受了在巴黎的短暂逗留。

C1 noun /ˈsɜːrmən/

sermon

讲道

Meaning

A religious discourse delivered by a preacher, often offering moral instruction or spiritual guidance.

Example

The pastor gave a moving sermon about compassion and forgiveness.

牧师做了一个关于同情和宽恕的感人讲道。

A2 verb /swɪm/

swim

游泳

Meaning

to move through water using body movements

Example

I love to swim in the ocean during summer.

我喜欢在夏天在海洋中游泳。

A2 abbreviation (noun/pronoun) /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

sth.

某事

Meaning

abbreviation for 'something'

Example

Can you give me sth. to write with?

你能给我写字的东西吗？

C2 noun /ˈsʌfrədʒɪst/

suffragist

妇女参政权运动者

Meaning

a person advocating the extension of suffrage, especially to women

Example

The suffragists organized rallies to demand voting rights for women.

妇女参政权运动者组织了集会，要求为女性争取投票权。

C2 noun /ˈsʊrmə fɪʃ/

Surma fish

苏尔马鱼

Meaning

a freshwater fish species found in the Surma river system of Bangladesh and northeastern India

Example

Surma fish is native to the rivers of Sylhet region.

苏尔马鱼是西莱特地区河流的本土鱼类。

A1 verb /siː/

see

看

Meaning

to perceive with the eyes; to understand; to meet

Example

I can see the mountain from here.

我可以从这里看到山。

B2 noun /ˈsloʊɡən/

slogan

Meaning

a short and memorable phrase used to promote a cause or product

Example

The campaign used a powerful slogan to inspire people.

C2 adjective, adverb /ˈsaɪdlɔːŋ/

sidelong

斜视

Meaning

Directed to the side; indirect, furtive, or not straightforward.

Example

She gave him a sidelong glance across the room.

她穿过房间投给他一个斜视。

Meaning

arranged or classified in layers or strata

Example

Society in the past was highly stratified based on class and wealth.

A2 proper noun /ˌsaʊθ əˈmɛrɪkə/

south america

南美洲

Meaning

a continent located in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere

Example

Brazil is the largest country in South America.

巴西是南美洲最大的国家。

B2 adjective /ˈspiː.di/

Speedy

快速的; 极速的; 敏捷的;

Meaning

moving or happening quickly; fast

Example

The speedy delivery service arrived within an hour.

快速的送货服务在一小时内到达。

齐射

Meaning

A simultaneous discharge of guns or release of bombs; a sudden outburst of cheers or applause.

Example

The soldiers fired a salvo to honor the fallen general.

士兵们开了一轮齐射，以向已故将军致敬。