solicit
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C1 verb /səˈlɪsɪt/

solicit

请求
Meaning
to ask for or try to obtain something from someone
Example
The charity is soliciting donations for flood victims.
慈善机构正在为洪水灾民募捐。
C1 verb /ˈsɔːntər/

saunter

Meaning
to walk in a slow, relaxed manner without hurry or effort
Example
We sauntered along the riverside, stopping now and then to watch the boats.
C1 noun /ˈʃʊɡ.ər ˈkæn.di/

Sugar candy

糖果
Meaning
crystallized sugar formed into small pieces; rock candy made from sugar syrup
Example
The children enjoyed eating colorful sugar candy at the festival.
孩子们在节日上享受吃彩色的糖果。
C1 noun /sɪˈnɪləti/

senility

衰老
Meaning
The state of being old and showing the weaknesses of age, especially mental decline.
Example
His forgetfulness was attributed to senility.
他的健忘被归因于衰老。
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪz.mɪk/

seismic

地震的
Meaning
Relating to earthquakes or vibrations of the earth and its crust.
Example
The region is known for its seismic activity.
该地区以其地震活动而闻名。
C1 verb /ˈsɪnɚdʒaɪzd/

synergized

协同, 协调, 合作
Meaning
Combine in such a way that the total effect is greater than the sum of the individual effects.
Example
The teams were synergized to maximize productivity.
团队被协同工作以最大化生产力。
C1 verb /ˈswɛltər/

swelter

因高温而痛苦
Meaning
to suffer from intense heat
Example
We began to swelter in the midday sun.
我们开始在中午的阳光下忍受酷热。
C1 adjective /ˈsted.fæst/

Steadfast

坚定; 坚决; 不动摇
Meaning
firm in belief, determination, or adherence; unwavering
Example
She remained steadfast in her commitment to helping the poor.
她在帮助穷人方面保持坚定的决心。
C1 adjective ˌsʌbˈlɪm.ɪ.nəl

subliminal

低于意识阈值存在或运作，未被意识到的影响或感知
Meaning
Existing or operating below the threshold of consciousness; perceived by or affecting someone's mind without their being aware of it.
Example
Advertisements often have subliminal messages.
广告常常包含潜意识的讯息。
C1 verb /skwɪnt/

squint

眯眼看
Meaning
to look with partly closed eyes
Example
She squinted at the bright sunlight.
她因强烈的阳光而眯着眼睛。
C1 noun səˈsteɪnəbəl ænd kəˈlæbərətɪv əˈproʊtʃ

sustainable and collaborative approach

可持续和协作的方法
Meaning
A method of working together that can be maintained over time without depleting resources or causing harm.
Example
A sustainable and collaborative approach is crucial for solving environmental problems.
可持续和协作的方法对于解决环境问题至关重要。
C1 noun /ˈsɪməli/

simile

明喻
Meaning
A figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another using 'like' or 'as'.
Example
She used a simile to describe her eyes as bright as stars.
她用明喻来描述她的眼睛像星星一样明亮。
C1 adjective ˈsɛd(ə)ntəri

sedentary

久坐的
Meaning
Characterized by much sitting and little physical activity.
Example
A sedentary lifestyle can lead to numerous health problems.
久坐的生活方式可能导致多种健康问题。
C1 adjective /skænt/

Scant

稀少的
Meaning
barely sufficient; inadequate; small in amount
Example
There was scant evidence to support his claim.
支持他主张的证据非常少。
C1 verb /ʃɜːrk/

shirk

逃避
Meaning
to avoid or neglect a duty or responsibility
Example
He always tries to shirk his responsibilities at work.
他总是尽力避免工作中的责任。
C1 adjective /ˌsæŋktɪˈmoʊniəs/

sanctimonious

伪善的虔诚
Meaning
Making a show of being morally superior to others; hypocritically pious.
Example
He gave a sanctimonious speech about honesty while he himself was corrupt.
他发表了一篇关于诚实的伪善演讲，而他自己却腐败了。
C1 adjective /səbˈmɪs.ɪv/

Submissive

顺从; 听话; 顺从的
Meaning
ready to obey others; yielding to authority; humble and compliant
Example
She became submissive after years of harsh treatment.
她在多年的严厉对待后变得顺从。
C1 noun /ˈskælpəl/

scalpel

手术刀
Meaning
A small and extremely sharp bladed instrument used for surgery and dissection.
Example
The surgeon carefully used a scalpel to make the first incision.
外科医生小心地使用手术刀进行第一次切割。
C1 noun /sɪˈnɒpsɪs/

synopsis

概述
Meaning
a brief summary of the main points of a text, film, or research
Example
The publisher asked the author to submit a one-page synopsis of the novel.
出版商要求作者提交小说的单页概述。
C1 adjective /ˈspɛktrəl/

spectral

幽灵的
Meaning
Relating to a ghost or specter; ghostly. Also relating to a spectrum.
Example
The old mansion had a spectral atmosphere at night.
那座古老的宅邸晚上有一种幽灵般的氛围。
C1 adjective /suːˈpɜːr.flu.əs/

superfluous

多余的
Meaning
Unnecessary, especially through being more than enough.
Example
His speech contained too many superfluous details.
他的演讲包含了太多多余的细节。
C1 adjective /səˈnɔːrəs/

sonorous

深沉的声音
Meaning
Deep, full, and rich in sound.
Example
The actor's sonorous voice filled the entire theater.
演员那深沉的声音充满了整个剧院。
C1 adjective /ˌsʌbˈkɒn.ʃəs/

subconscious

潜意识
Meaning
Of or concerning the part of the mind which one is not fully aware of but which influences actions and feelings.
Example
Fears often come from the subconscious mind.
恐惧常常来自潜意识。
C1 noun/verb /ˈslʌmbər/

slumber

睡眠
Meaning
A state of sleep; to sleep lightly or rest.
Example
The child slumbered peacefully through the night.
孩子整夜安静地睡觉。
C1 noun /skraɪb/

scribe

抄写员
Meaning
a person who writes documents, especially in ancient times; a professional copyist
Example
In ancient Egypt, scribes recorded important events.
在古埃及，抄写员记录了重要的事件。
C1 noun /ˈsaɪd.laɪn dɪˈskʌʃənz/

sideline discussions

边缘讨论
Meaning
Informal or secondary conversations that occur outside the main agenda of a formal meeting.
Example
Sideline discussions often lead to agreements.
边缘讨论常常导致协议。
C1 noun/verb /sleɪt/

slate

板岩 / 安排
Meaning
a fine-grained rock used for roofing or writing; to schedule or designate for a task
Example
The meeting is slated for next Monday.
会议定于下周一举行。
C1 noun /ˈstreɪnər/

Strainer

筛子
Meaning
a device having holes punched in it or made of crossed wires for separating solid matter from a liquid
Example
Use a strainer to drain the pasta water.
使用筛子把意大利面水倒掉。
C1 adjective /sər'pæs.ɪŋ/

Surpassing

卓越; 超过; 非凡
Meaning
exceeding; going beyond; outstanding
Example
Her surpassing beauty made everyone stop and stare.
她超凡的美丽让每个人都停下来盯着她看。
C1 verb /stoʊk/

stoke

Meaning
To add fuel to a fire; to encourage or increase a strong feeling or activity.
Example
The politician’s speech stoked anger among the crowd.
C1 verb /ˈslækən/

slacken

放松
Meaning
to make or become less tight, less active, or slower
Example
The driver slackened his speed as he approached the village.
司机在接近村庄时放慢了速度。
C1 noun /straɪf/

strife

冲突, 争斗
Meaning
angry or violent conflict; struggle or discord
Example
The region has been torn apart by political strife.
该地区已被政治冲突撕裂。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nəl/

seminal

幸福
Meaning
Strongly influencing later developments; highly original and influential.
Example
His seminal book changed the course of modern philosophy.
她在获得奖项时无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 adjective /ˈskrʌmpʃəs/

scrumptious

美味的
Meaning
extremely tasty or delicious
Example
She baked a scrumptious chocolate cake for the party.
她为派对烤了一个美味的巧克力蛋糕。
C1 adjective /sɪˈnɒnɪməs/

synonymous

同义词
Meaning
having the same or nearly the same meaning; closely associated with something
Example
For many people, her name is synonymous with generosity.
对于许多人来说，她的名字是慷慨的同义词。
C1 verb /ʃraʊd/

shroud

覆盖
Meaning
to cover or hide; to wrap in cloth
Example
The mountain peak was shrouded in mist.
山顶被雾气笼罩。
C1 noun /səbˈmɜːrdʒəns/

submergence

沉没
Meaning
the act or process of being submerged or going underwater
Example
The submergence of coastal areas is a major concern due to rising sea levels.
由于海平面上升，沿海地区的沉没成为一个重大问题。
C1 noun /ˈstaɪpend/

Stipend

津贴
Meaning
a fixed regular sum paid as a salary or allowance
Example
The research student receives a monthly stipend for living expenses.
研究生每月获得生活费用津贴。
C1 adjective /ˈspraɪtli/

sprightly

活泼
Meaning
full of energy and life; lively
Example
The sprightly old man danced with joy at the wedding.
那位活泼的老人高兴地在婚礼上跳舞。
C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

宁静
Meaning
The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
Example
Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.
冥想有助于实现内心的平静。
C1 adjective /ˌsækrəˈlɪdʒəs/

sacrilegious

亵渎的
Meaning
Showing disrespect or irreverence toward something sacred.
Example
The painting was criticized as being sacrilegious.
这幅画被批评为亵渎的。
C1 adjective /ˈspaɪn.ləs/

Spineless

缺乏勇气; 意志薄弱; 胆小
Meaning
lacking courage or determination; weak-willed
Example
He was too spineless to stand up for his beliefs.
他太软弱，无法为自己的信仰站出来。
C1 adjective /ˈsɒljʊbəl/

soluble

可溶的
Meaning
able to be dissolved, especially in water
Example
Sugar is soluble in water.
糖在水中可溶。
C1 adjective /ˈsɪn.tɪ.leɪ.tɪŋ/

scintillating

闪耀的
Meaning
brilliantly clever, exciting, or sparkling
Example
Her scintillating conversation kept everyone entertained.
她那闪耀的谈话让每个人都感到娱乐。
C1 verb, adjective, noun /spruːs/

spruce

整理 / 一种树
Meaning
to make neat or tidy in appearance; also refers to an evergreen tree
Example
He spruced up his room before the guests arrived.
他在客人到达之前整理了他的房间。
C1 adjective /ˈsliːzi/

sleazy

低级的, 肮脏的, 或质量差的
Meaning
morally low, dirty, or cheap in quality
Example
He avoided the sleazy nightclub downtown.
他避免了市中心的低级夜店。
C1 adjective /səˈdɪs.tɪk/

sadistic

施虐狂
Meaning
Deriving pleasure from inflicting pain or suffering on others.
Example
The villain had a sadistic smile while hurting his enemies.
恶棍在伤害敌人时露出了施虐狂的笑容。
C1 adjective /sɪmˈfɒnɪk/

symphonic

交响乐的
Meaning
relating to or having the character of a symphony or symphony orchestra
Example
The concert featured a symphonic masterpiece.
音乐会展示了一部交响乐的杰作。
C1 verb /ˈstrætɪfaɪ/

stratify

分层
Meaning
to arrange or divide into layers, classes, or categories
Example
The researchers plan to stratify the data based on age groups.
研究人员计划根据年龄组对数据进行分层。
C1 noun /səˈvænə/

savanna

草原（散布着树木）
Meaning
a grassy plain with scattered trees, typical of tropical and subtropical regions
Example
Giraffes browsed on acacia trees across the wide savanna.
长颈鹿在广阔的萨凡纳上吃着金合欢树的叶子。
C1 adjective /ˈsɪnləs/

Sinless

无罪; 天真; 纯洁
Meaning
free from sin; pure and innocent; without moral fault
Example
The innocent child appeared sinless in her pure white dress.
那天真的孩子穿着纯白色的裙子，看起来毫无罪。
C1 verb /struː/

strew

散播
Meaning
to scatter or spread things untidily over a surface or area
Example
Clothes were strewn across the floor.
衣服散落在地板上。
C1 noun /ˈsteɪtəs kwoʊ/

status quo

现状
Meaning
The existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues.
Example
The government decided to maintain the status quo until further review.
政府决定在进一步审查之前保持现状。
C1 verb/noun /stuːp/

stoop

幸福
Meaning
To bend one's body forward and downward; also a small porch or staircase at the entrance of a house
Example
He had to stoop to pick up the coin.
当她收到奖项时，她无法隐藏自己的幸福。
C1 adjective ˈsɒvrɪn

sovereign

主权的, 最高的
Meaning
Possessing supreme or ultimate power; independent.
Example
The sovereign government has control over its currency.
主权政府控制着自己的货币。
C1 verb /ˌsuːpərˈsiːd/

supersede

取代
Meaning
To replace or take the place of something because it is more modern or effective.
Example
This new law will supersede the old regulations.
这部新法律将取代旧的规定。
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrmən/

sermon

讲道
Meaning
A religious discourse delivered by a preacher, often offering moral instruction or spiritual guidance.
Example
The pastor gave a moving sermon about compassion and forgiveness.
牧师做了一个关于同情和宽恕的感人讲道。
C1 adjective/verb /ˈsiːzənd/

seasoned

经验丰富的 / 加调料的
Meaning
Experienced in a particular activity; also, flavored with spices.
Example
She is a seasoned teacher with over 20 years of experience.
她是一位拥有超过20年经验的资深教师。
C1 verb /ˈsɪmjʊˌleɪt/

simulate

模拟
Meaning
to imitate the appearance, character, or behavior of something; to pretend or reproduce conditions artificially
Example
The pilot had to simulate an emergency landing during training.
飞行员在训练中必须模拟紧急着陆。
C1 adjective /ˈskwɒlɪd/

squalid

极其脏乱
Meaning
extremely dirty and unpleasant, often due to poverty or neglect
Example
He lived in a squalid room with broken furniture.
他住在一个脏乱的房间里，里面有坏掉的家具。
C1 adjective ˈsek.tər spəˈsɪf.ɪk

sector-specific

行业特定
Meaning
Relating to or designed for a particular sector or industry.
Example
Sector-specific policies attract targeted investments.
行业特定的政策吸引了定向投资。
C1 adjective /ˈsaʊnd.pruːf/

Sound-proof

隔音的; 防止声音进出
Meaning
impervious to sound; preventing sound from entering or leaving
Example
The recording studio has sound-proof walls.
录音室有隔音墙。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛreɪtɪd/

serrated

锯齿状的
Meaning
Having a notched or saw-toothed edge.
Example
The bread knife had a serrated blade.
面包刀有一把锯齿刀片。
C1 noun /səˈsteɪnəbl ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃər/

sustainable agriculture

可持续农业
Meaning
Farming practices that meet current food needs while preserving environmental resources and maintaining the ability to produce food for future generations through ecologically sound methods.
Example
Sustainable agriculture practices protect the environment while ensuring food security.
可持续农业实践在保护环境的同时确保粮食安全。
C1 verb /ʃʌn/

Shun

回避
Meaning
to deliberately avoid or stay away from someone or something
Example
He shuns public attention and prefers privacy.
他避开公众注意并偏爱隐私。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

脾气坏且沉默; 易怒
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
孩子变得脾气坏，因为他无法得到自己最喜欢的玩具。
C1 noun /ˈskwɒtər/

squatter

非法占领者
Meaning
a person who unlawfully occupies an uninhabited building or unused land
Example
The police removed the squatters from the abandoned house.
警方将非法占领者从废弃的房屋中驱逐了出去。
C1 verb/noun /skɒtʃ/

scotch

结束 / 苏格兰威士忌
Meaning
to put an end to something; also a type of whisky
Example
The report scotched the rumors of a merger.
报告停止了关于合并的谣言。
C1 noun səˈfɪʃənsi

sufficiency

充足性
Meaning
The condition of being adequate or enough; adequacy.
Example
The sufficiency of food supply is critical for survival.
食品供应的充足性对于生存至关重要。
C1 noun /ˈsæŋk.ʃən/

Sanction

许可/制裁
Meaning
official permission or approval; a penalty for disobeying a rule
Example
The government imposed economic sanctions on the country.
政府对该国实施了经济制裁。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌmp.tʃu.əs/

sumptuous

奢华的
Meaning
Splendid and expensive-looking; luxurious.
Example
The guests were treated to a sumptuous banquet.
客人们被招待了一场奢华的宴会。
C1 noun /ˈsaɪ.ən/

scion

后代
Meaning
a descendant of a wealthy, aristocratic, or influential family
Example
He is the scion of a wealthy industrialist family.
他是一个富有的工业家家庭的后代。
C1 noun/verb /smʌdʒ/

smudge

污点，脏污的印记
Meaning
a dirty mark or smear; to make something dirty or unclear by rubbing or touching
Example
She accidentally smudged her lipstick on the napkin.
她不小心把口红弄到餐巾纸上了。
C1 adjective /sɪˈmɛtrɪkəl/

symmetrical

对称的
Meaning
having parts on either side that match or are the same in shape, size, or arrangement
Example
The artist designed a symmetrical pattern on the floor.
艺术家在地板上设计了一个对称的图案。
C1 verb /skwiːl/

squeal

尖叫
Meaning
to make a high-pitched cry; to inform on someone
Example
The children squealed with delight when they saw the surprise.
孩子们看到惊喜时高兴地尖叫。
C1 adjective ˈskruː.pjʊ.ləs

scrupulous

一丝不苟
Meaning
Diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details; having moral integrity; acting in strict regard for what is considered right or proper.
Example
He is known for being scrupulous in his work.
他因在工作中一丝不苟而闻名。
C1 noun ˈsɒv.rɪn.ti

sovereignty

主权
Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
主权对国家的身份至关重要。
C1 adjective /ˌsækrɪˈfɪʃəl/

sacrificial

祭献的
Meaning
Relating to or involving sacrifice.
Example
The lamb was used as a sacrificial offering in the ritual.
这只羊在仪式中被用作祭献的礼物。
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsəˈbɪləti/

Sensibility

感性
Meaning
the ability to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences; sensitivity
Example
Her artistic sensibility made her appreciate fine details in paintings.
她的艺术感性使她能够欣赏画作中的细节。
C1 adjective /ˈskrɪptʃərəl/

scriptural

圣经的
Meaning
Relating to or contained in the scriptures or holy writings.
Example
The priest gave a scriptural reference during the sermon.
牧师在布道中引用了圣经的参考。
C1 noun /ˌstætɪˈstɪʃən/

statistician

统计学家
Meaning
A person who specializes in collecting, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data.
Example
The statistician presented the survey results with great clarity.
统计学家以极大的清晰度展示了调查结果。
C1 noun /ˈstoʊəˌweɪ/

stowaway

偷渡者
Meaning
A person who hides on a ship, plane, or other vehicle in order to travel secretly without paying.
Example
The crew discovered a stowaway hiding in the cargo hold.
船员发现一个藏在货舱里的偷渡者。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌbstəntɪv/

substantive

重要
Meaning
Having a firm basis in reality; important, meaningful, or considerable.
Example
The company made substantive changes to its policy.
公司对其政策进行了重要更改。
C1 noun /sɪˈdʌk.ʃən/

Seduction

色诱; 诱惑
Meaning
the action of seducing someone; temptation to do something wrong
Example
He fell victim to the seduction of easy money.
他成为了快速赚钱诱惑的受害者。
C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.li.ənt/

salient

重要的，突出的或显著的
Meaning
Most important, prominent, or noticeable
Example
The report highlighted the salient points of the discussion.
报告突出讨论中的重点。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃənt/

sentient

有感觉的
Meaning
Able to perceive or feel things.
Example
Humans are sentient beings capable of reasoning.
人类是能够推理的感知生命。
C1 noun /ˈstjuːpər/

stupor

昏迷
Meaning
a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility
Example
He remained in a stupor after hearing the shocking news.
他在听到令人震惊的消息后陷入昏迷。
C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪm.ləs/

Shameless

无耻的
Meaning
having no shame; bold and rude; impudent
Example
The shameless politician refused to apologize for his mistakes.
那个无耻的政治家拒绝为他的错误道歉。
C1 adjective /sɔɪld/

soiled

脏的
Meaning
dirty or stained; not clean
Example
His clothes were soiled after playing in the mud.
他在泥巴里玩后，衣服弄脏了。
C1 /skwɒt/

squat

蹲下
Meaning
to crouch or sit with knees bent and body close to the ground
Example
He squatted down to tie his shoes.
他蹲下来系鞋带。
C1 noun /ˈstæl.i.ən/

stallion

用于繁殖的种马
Meaning
An adult male horse that is not castrated, often used for breeding.
Example
The farm owns a powerful stallion for breeding purposes.
农场拥有一匹强壮的种马用于繁殖。
C1 noun /ˈspaɪər/

spire

尖顶
Meaning
a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, especially a church
Example
The church spire could be seen from miles away.
教堂的尖顶从远处可见。
C1 adjective /stjuːˈpɛndəs/

stupendous

惊人的
Meaning
extremely impressive; amazing in size, degree, or excellence
Example
The magician’s performance was simply stupendous.
魔术师的表演简直是惊人的。
C1 noun /ˈʃæmbəlz/

shambles

一片混乱
Meaning
a state of complete disorder or ruin
Example
After the storm, the whole town was in shambles.
风暴过后，整个城镇陷入了一片混乱。
C1 adjective /ˈstɒdʒi/

stodgy

沉闷的，老式的
Meaning
Dull, uninspired, or old-fashioned; also heavy and hard to digest when referring to food.
Example
The lecture was so stodgy that many students struggled to stay awake.
讲座太沉闷了，以至于许多学生难以保持清醒。
C1 noun /ˈsteɪ.ʃən.ər/

Stationer

文具商
Meaning
a person who sells paper, pens, pencils, and other office supplies
Example
The stationer recommended the best pens for writing exams.
文具商推荐了最适合考试的钢笔。
C1 noun /ˈsmætərɪŋ/

smattering

浅薄的知识
Meaning
A small amount or superficial knowledge of something.
Example
He has a smattering of Spanish.
他对西班牙语有浅薄的了解。
C1 adjective /stɔːntʃ/

staunch

坚定的, 忠诚的
Meaning
Loyal, committed, and firm in support.
Example
She is a staunch supporter of environmental protection.
她是环境保护的坚定支持者。
C1 noun /ˈswiːt.miːt/

Sweetmeat

甜点
Meaning
a small piece of confectionery or candy; a sweet delicacy
Example
The children enjoyed the traditional sweetmeats during the festival.
孩子们在节日期间享受了传统的甜点。
C1 adjective /ˌsekənd ˈreɪt/

second-rate

二流
Meaning
Of mediocre or inferior quality.
Example
The movie was entertaining but clearly second-rate compared to the original.
这部电影很有趣，但与原版相比明显是二流的。
C1 adjective /snaɪd/

snide

讽刺的
Meaning
mocking or insulting in an indirect way
Example
He couldn’t resist making a snide comment about her dress.
他忍不住对她的裙子做出讽刺的评论。
C1 noun /stɑːr ˈæn.ɪs/

Star Anise

八角星
Meaning
star-shaped spice pod with a licorice-like flavor used in cooking
Example
She added star anise to the soup for aromatic flavor.
她在汤里加入了八角星，增添了香气。
C1 adjective /səˈsɛp.tə.bəl/

susceptible

容易受某种特定事物影响或损害的
Meaning
Likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.
Example
Children are more susceptible to infections.
孩子们更容易感染。
C1 adjective /sɛkˈtɛəriən/

sectarian

宗派的
Meaning
relating to or characterized by the differences between sects, often leading to conflict
Example
The region has been troubled by sectarian violence for decades.
该地区几十年来一直受到宗派暴力的困扰。
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrvaɪl/ or /ˈsɜːrvəl/

servile

奴颜婢膝
Meaning
having or showing an excessive willingness to serve or please others
Example
His servile attitude annoyed his colleagues.
他的奴颜婢膝的态度让同事们感到烦恼。
C1 adjective /ˈsleɪ.vɪʃ/

slavish

奴隶般的
Meaning
showing no originality; completely imitative or overly submissive
Example
His slavish devotion to tradition prevented any innovation.
他对传统的奴隶般忠诚阻碍了任何创新。
C1 verb/noun /ˈswæɡ.ər/

swagger

傲慢
Meaning
To walk or behave in a very confident and arrogant way.
Example
He swaggered into the room as if he owned the place.
他走进房间，好像他是这个地方的主人。
C1 noun ˈstræt.ə.sfɪər

stratosphere

平流层
Meaning
The layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface.
Example
The stratosphere provides a unique environment.
平流层提供了一个独特的环境。
C1 noun /ˌsəʊ.ʃi.əʊˈek.ə.nɒm.ɪk ˈprɒɡ.res/

socioeconomic progress

社会经济进步
Meaning
Advancement in both social and economic conditions of a society or community.
Example
Socioeconomic progress uplifts marginalized communities.
社会经济进步提升了边缘化社区。
C1 noun /ˈsɛdətɪv/

sedative

镇静剂
Meaning
A substance that calms the nerves or induces sleep.
Example
The doctor prescribed a sedative to help the patient sleep.
医生开了镇静剂来帮助病人入睡。
C1 noun /səˈlɪn.ə.t̬i/

salinity

盐度, 盐浓度
Meaning
The salt content of soil or water, typically measured as a concentration.
Example
The salinity of the ocean varies depending on depth and location.
海洋的盐度会根据深度和位置变化。
C1 noun /ˈsɔːjər/

Sawyer

锯木工
Meaning
a person who saws wood, especially as an occupation
Example
The skilled sawyer cut the logs into planks.
熟练的锯木工将原木锯成木板。
C1 noun /ˌstætʃuˈɛt/

statuette

小雕像
Meaning
A small statue, usually decorative or artistic.
Example
The artist won a gold statuette for his work.
艺术家因其作品获得了一座金色小雕像。
C1 noun/verb /ˈskɜːrmɪʃ/

skirmish

Meaning
a small or brief fight between groups of soldiers; to engage in such a fight
Example
The soldiers got into a skirmish near the border.
C1 verb /strʌt/

strut

昂首阔步
Meaning
to walk with a stiff, proud, and confident gait, often to show off
Example
He strutted across the stage after winning the award.
他赢得奖项后自信地走上了舞台。
C1 noun /ˈsʌtlti/

subtlety

微妙
Meaning
The quality or state of being subtle.
Example
She understood the subtlety of the situation.
她理解了局势的微妙之处。
C1 adjective /ˈskɛtʃi/

sketchy

不完整
Meaning
not thorough or detailed; suspicious or unsafe
Example
The details of the project were still sketchy.
项目的细节仍然不完整。
C1 noun /ˈskeɪp.ɡəʊt/

Scapegoat

替罪羊
Meaning
a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings, mistakes, or faults of others
Example
He became the scapegoat for the team's poor performance.
他成了团队表现不佳的替罪羊。
C1 noun /ˌsɪmbɪˈəʊsɪs/

symbiosis

共生关系
Meaning
A mutually beneficial relationship between different people or groups.
Example
The symbiosis between the two companies led to mutual growth.
两家公司之间的共生关系导致了共同的增长。
C1 adjective /sliːk/

sleek

光滑且闪亮
Meaning
smooth, shiny, and stylish
Example
She drove a sleek black sports car.
她开着一辆闪亮的黑色跑车。
C1 adjective /ˈsɒnɪk/

sonic

音速的
Meaning
Relating to or involving sound waves or speed of sound.
Example
The jet created a loud boom when it broke the sonic barrier.
喷气机突破声速壁垒时发出了巨大的爆炸声。