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C1 noun /sɛkt/

sect

教派
Meaning
a subgroup of a larger religious or political group, often with differing beliefs
Example
The group split into different sects due to doctrinal differences.
由于教义上的差异，该小组分裂成了不同的教派。
C1 adjective /ˈspɛərɪŋ/

sparing

节俭 / 节制
Meaning
Using or giving only a little of something; economical.
Example
She is sparing in her use of words.
她在使用词语时很节省。
C1 adjective /ˈskænti/

Scanty

尺寸或数量小；不足；勉强足够
Meaning
small in size or amount; insufficient; barely adequate
Example
The refugee camp had scanty food supplies.
难民营的食物供应非常少。
C1 verb /skɔːrtʃ/

scorch

烧焦
Meaning
to burn the surface of something slightly
Example
The fire scorched the walls of the building.
火焰烧焦了建筑物的墙壁。
C1 adjective /səˈnɔːrəs/

sonorous

深沉的声音
Meaning
Deep, full, and rich in sound.
Example
The actor's sonorous voice filled the entire theater.
演员那深沉的声音充满了整个剧院。
C1 adjective /səˈriːn/

serene

宁静和平和
Meaning
Calm, peaceful, and untroubled; tranquil.
Example
The lake had a serene and peaceful atmosphere.
湖泊有着宁静和平和的气氛。
C1 adjective /səbˈmɪs.ɪv/

Submissive

顺从; 听话; 顺从的
Meaning
ready to obey others; yielding to authority; humble and compliant
Example
She became submissive after years of harsh treatment.
她在多年的严厉对待后变得顺从。
C1 noun/verb /stæmˈpiːd/

stampede

混乱的人群
Meaning
A sudden, uncontrolled rush of people or animals; to cause a mass movement.
Example
The loud noise caused a stampede of the crowd.
嘈杂的声音引起了人群中的一阵奔跑。
C1 adjective /ˈstɔːlwərt/

stalwart

坚定, 忠诚
Meaning
Loyal, reliable, and hardworking; strongly built or sturdy.
Example
She has always been a stalwart supporter of the community.
她一直是社区的坚定支持者。
C1 adjective /ˈsiː.naɪl/

senile

与年龄相关的虚弱
Meaning
Showing the weaknesses of old age, especially mental decline.
Example
The old man became senile and forgot familiar faces.
老人变得衰老，忘记了熟悉的面孔。
C1 noun /swiːt.laɪm/

Sweetlime

甜酸橙
Meaning
a citrus fruit that is sweeter and less acidic than regular lime
Example
The sweetlime juice was refreshing on a hot day.
甜橙汁在炎热的天气里令人耳目一新。
C1 adjective /səˈdɪs.tɪk/

sadistic

施虐狂
Meaning
Deriving pleasure from inflicting pain or suffering on others.
Example
The villain had a sadistic smile while hurting his enemies.
恶棍在伤害敌人时露出了施虐狂的笑容。
C1 verb /ˈsaɪdˌstɛp/

sidestep

回避
Meaning
To avoid something by stepping aside; to evade a problem or question indirectly.
Example
The politician tried to sidestep the difficult question.
那位政治家试图回避那个棘手的问题。
C1 noun/adjective /ˈstɜː.lɪŋ/

sterling

英国货币 / 优秀
Meaning
British money, especially pounds; of excellent quality.
Example
She was praised for her sterling work on the project.
她因在项目中的出色工作而受到表扬。
C1 noun /ˈsɪləbəl/

syllable

音节
Meaning
A unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or part of a word.
Example
The word 'computer' has three syllables.
‘计算机’这个词有三个音节。
C1 adverb /ˈsɜːrtʃɪŋli/

searchingly

寻找地
Meaning
In a way that seems to look for hidden meanings or truth.
Example
She looked at him searchingly, hoping for an honest answer.
她带着寻求的目光看着他，希望得到诚实的回答。
C1 noun /ˈsækrɪlɪdʒ/

sacrilege

亵渎
Meaning
Violation or misuse of what is regarded as sacred.
Example
Stealing from the temple was considered an act of sacrilege.
从寺庙偷窃被视为亵渎行为。
C1 verb, noun /spraʊt/

sprout

发芽
Meaning
to begin to grow; to produce new leaves or shoots
Example
The seeds began to sprout after a few days of rain.
种子在几天的雨后开始发芽。
C1 adjective /ˈspraɪtli/

sprightly

活泼
Meaning
full of energy and life; lively
Example
The sprightly old man danced with joy at the wedding.
那位活泼的老人高兴地在婚礼上跳舞。
C1 adjective /ˈsleɪ.vɪʃ/

slavish

奴隶般的
Meaning
showing no originality; completely imitative or overly submissive
Example
His slavish devotion to tradition prevented any innovation.
他对传统的奴隶般忠诚阻碍了任何创新。
C1 noun /ˌsæbəˈtɜːr/

saboteur

破坏者
Meaning
A person who engages in sabotage.
Example
The saboteur was arrested before he could plant the bomb.
破坏者在放置炸弹之前被逮捕了。
C1 noun /ˈstoʊəˌweɪ/

stowaway

偷渡者
Meaning
A person who hides on a ship, plane, or other vehicle in order to travel secretly without paying.
Example
The crew discovered a stowaway hiding in the cargo hold.
船员发现一个藏在货舱里的偷渡者。
C1 noun, verb /spreɪn/

sprain

扭伤
Meaning
an injury to a joint in which the ligaments are stretched or torn
Example
She sprained her ankle while running in the park.
她在公园跑步时扭伤了脚踝。
C1 verb /ˈstɪɡmətaɪz/

stigmatize

污名化
Meaning
to describe or regard someone as worthy of disgrace or disapproval
Example
People with certain illnesses are often unfairly stigmatized.
患有某些疾病的人常常被不公正地污名化。
C1 noun ˈstræt.ə.sfɪər

stratosphere

平流层
Meaning
The layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface.
Example
The stratosphere provides a unique environment.
平流层提供了一个独特的环境。
C1 adjective /səˈsɛp.tə.bəl/

susceptible

容易受某种特定事物影响或损害的
Meaning
Likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing.
Example
Children are more susceptible to infections.
孩子们更容易感染。
C1 noun /ˈsuːtər/

suitor

追求者
Meaning
a man who pursues a relationship with a woman, often with the intent to marry
Example
She had many suitors vying for her attention.
她有许多追求者争夺她的注意力。
C1 adjective /ˈstrɛnjuəs/

strenuous

费力的
Meaning
Requiring or using great effort and energy.
Example
Climbing the mountain was a strenuous task.
爬山是一项费力的任务。
C1 adjective /spəˈrædɪk/

sporadic

零星
Meaning
Occurring irregularly or in scattered instances rather than continuously.
Example
The region experienced sporadic rain showers throughout the week.
该地区经历了整整一周的零星降雨。
C1 noun /ˈʃʊɡ.ər ˈkæn.di/

Sugar candy

糖果
Meaning
crystallized sugar formed into small pieces; rock candy made from sugar syrup
Example
The children enjoyed eating colorful sugar candy at the festival.
孩子们在节日上享受吃彩色的糖果。
C1 verb, adjective, noun /spruːs/

spruce

整理 / 一种树
Meaning
to make neat or tidy in appearance; also refers to an evergreen tree
Example
He spruced up his room before the guests arrived.
他在客人到达之前整理了他的房间。
C1 noun ˌskeɪ.ləˈbɪl.ə.ti

scalability

可扩展性
Meaning
The capacity to be changed in size or scale; the ability of a system to handle a growing amount of work.
Example
The new software offers high scalability for large enterprises.
新的软件为大型企业提供了高可扩展性。
C1 adjective /ˈsaʊnd.pruːf/

Sound-proof

隔音的; 防止声音进出
Meaning
impervious to sound; preventing sound from entering or leaving
Example
The recording studio has sound-proof walls.
录音室有隔音墙。
C1 adjective /stɔːntʃ/

staunch

坚定的, 忠诚的
Meaning
Loyal, committed, and firm in support.
Example
She is a staunch supporter of environmental protection.
她是环境保护的坚定支持者。
C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

宁静
Meaning
The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
Example
Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.
冥想有助于实现内心的平静。
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

脾气坏且沉默; 易怒
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
孩子变得脾气坏，因为他无法得到自己最喜欢的玩具。
C1 noun /ˈsaɪd.laɪn dɪˈskʌʃənz/

sideline discussions

边缘讨论
Meaning
Informal or secondary conversations that occur outside the main agenda of a formal meeting.
Example
Sideline discussions often lead to agreements.
边缘讨论常常导致协议。
C1 verb /ˈswɛltər/

swelter

因高温而痛苦
Meaning
to suffer from intense heat
Example
We began to swelter in the midday sun.
我们开始在中午的阳光下忍受酷热。
C1 noun ˈsɪmbəlɪzəm

symbolism

象征主义
Meaning
The use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities.
Example
The use of symbolism in the novel is masterful.
小说中的象征主义运用巧妙。
C1 adjective /sɑːrˈdɒnɪk/

sardonic

幸福
Meaning
Grimly mocking or cynical.
Example
She gave him a sardonic smile after hearing his excuse.
她在收到奖项时，无法隐藏自己的幸福。
C1 adjective /ˈʃɑːdi/

shoddy

劣质
Meaning
badly made or done; of poor quality
Example
The contractor did a shoddy job on the repairs.
承包商在修理工作中做了劣质的工作。
C1 noun /ˈstɪɡmə/

stigma

污名
Meaning
a mark of shame or disgrace associated with a particular circumstance or quality
Example
There is still a stigma around mental health issues in many societies.
许多社会中，心理健康问题仍然存在污名化现象。
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrvaɪl/ or /ˈsɜːrvəl/

servile

奴颜婢膝
Meaning
having or showing an excessive willingness to serve or please others
Example
His servile attitude annoyed his colleagues.
他的奴颜婢膝的态度让同事们感到烦恼。
C1 noun səˌsɛp.təˈbɪl.ə.ti

susceptibility

易感性
Meaning
The quality of being likely to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing; vulnerability.
Example
High susceptibility to infections requires extra care.
对感染的高易感性需要额外的护理。
C1 noun ˈsɒl.vən.si

solvency

拥有超过负债的资产; 偿还债务的能力
Meaning
The possession of assets in excess of liabilities; ability to pay debts.
Example
The company's solvency improved after restructuring.
公司在重组后偿付能力得到了改善。
C1 noun /ˈstɛə.rɪ.əʊˌtaɪ.pɪŋ/

stereotyping

刻板印象
Meaning
A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
Example
Stereotyping people based on their race is harmful.
基于种族的刻板印象是有害的。
C1 noun /slɪt/

Slit

裂缝
Meaning
a long narrow opening or cut
Example
There was a small slit in the fabric.
布料上有一个小裂缝。
C1 adjective /ˈsteɪtli/

stately

庄严和宏伟
Meaning
Having a dignified, majestic, and impressive appearance or manner.
Example
The stately mansion stood at the end of the long driveway.
那座庄严的豪宅位于长长的车道尽头。
C1 adjective /ˈskɪtɪʃ/

skittish

紧张的
Meaning
easily frightened or nervous; unpredictable
Example
The horse was too skittish to ride.
那匹马太紧张，无法骑乘。
C1 noun ˈsæŋktɪti

sanctity

神圣
Meaning
The state or quality of being holy, sacred, or saintly; ultimate importance.
Example
The sanctity of life should never be compromised.
生命的神圣性永远不应被妥协。
C1 adjective /spɑːrs/

sparse

稀少
Meaning
thinly scattered or distributed; not dense or abundant
Example
Vegetation was sparse in the desert.
沙漠中的植被稀少。
C1 adjective /ˈʃɪp.ʃeɪp/

Shipshape

井井有条的; 组织良好的; 状况良好的
Meaning
neat and tidy; in good order; well-organized
Example
Everything was shipshape before the inspection.
在检查之前，一切都很完美。
C1 noun /ˈstɒpɪdʒ/

stoppage

停顿; 停止
Meaning
The act of stopping or ceasing; a halt in operation or activity
Example
The sudden stoppage of the train caused delays for all passengers.
火车的突然停运导致所有乘客延误。
C1 noun/verb /sleɪt/

slate

板岩 / 安排
Meaning
a fine-grained rock used for roofing or writing; to schedule or designate for a task
Example
The meeting is slated for next Monday.
会议定于下周一举行。
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪt.ləs/

Sightless

盲目; 无视力
Meaning
unable to see; blind; lacking vision
Example
The sightless man navigated the street with his guide dog.
盲人带着他的导盲犬穿过街道。
C1 adjective /ˈstɪndʒi/

stingy

吝啬
Meaning
unwilling to spend or give; miserly
Example
He is too stingy to buy a gift for his friend.
他太吝啬了，连给朋友买礼物都不愿意。
C1 noun /ˈspiːʃiː/

specie

硬币
Meaning
money in the form of coins rather than notes or credit
Example
The transaction was made in specie.
交易是以硬币完成的。
C1 adjective/noun /ˈsʌkjələnt/

succulent

多汁的
Meaning
Juicy or full of juice; also refers to a plant with thick, fleshy leaves adapted to storing water.
Example
The steak was so succulent that everyone enjoyed it.
这块牛排多汁到每个人都喜欢。
C1 noun /səˈprɛʃən/

suppression

压制
Meaning
the act of forcibly stopping something or holding back feelings or actions
Example
The suppression of free speech led to protests.
言论自由的压制导致了抗议。
C1 noun səˈfɪʃənsi

sufficiency

充足性
Meaning
The condition of being adequate or enough; adequacy.
Example
The sufficiency of food supply is critical for survival.
食品供应的充足性对于生存至关重要。
C1 noun /sərˈveɪər/

surveyor

测量员
Meaning
A person who measures and maps land, buildings, or other features.
Example
The surveyor measured the land for construction.
测量员为建设测量了土地。
C1 adjective səˈblaɪm

sublime

崇高的, 壮丽的, 庄严的
Meaning
Of such excellence, grandeur, or beauty as to inspire great admiration or awe.
Example
The sublime beauty of the mountain landscape took my breath away.
那座山脉的崇高美景让我屏住了呼吸。
C1 noun /ˈstænzə/

stanza

诗节
Meaning
a group of lines forming a unit in a poem or song
Example
The poem begins with a stanza describing nature.
这首诗以一节描述自然的诗句开始。
C1 adjective /ˈsɒnɪk/

sonic

音速的
Meaning
Relating to or involving sound waves or speed of sound.
Example
The jet created a loud boom when it broke the sonic barrier.
喷气机突破声速壁垒时发出了巨大的爆炸声。
C1 noun /səˈlaɪ.və/

Saliva

唾液
Meaning
the watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
Example
The dentist asked her to rinse the saliva from her mouth.
牙医让她把口腔里的唾液漱掉。
C1 adjective /sliːk/

sleek

光滑且闪亮
Meaning
smooth, shiny, and stylish
Example
She drove a sleek black sports car.
她开着一辆闪亮的黑色跑车。
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrli/

surly

脾气暴躁
Meaning
bad-tempered and unfriendly
Example
The waiter gave us a surly look when we asked for more water.
当我们要求更多的水时，服务员用脾气暴躁的目光看着我们。
C1 verb /ˌsuːpərɪmˈpoʊz/

superimpose

叠加
Meaning
to place one thing on top of another so that both can be seen
Example
The editor superimposed text over the image.
编辑将文本叠加在图片上。
C1 noun /ˈspaɪər/

spire

尖顶
Meaning
a tall, pointed structure on top of a building, especially a church
Example
The church spire could be seen from miles away.
教堂的尖顶从远处可见。
C1 verb /splaɪs/

splice

拼接
Meaning
to join two pieces of rope, film, or other material by weaving or attaching them together
Example
The technician spliced the two wires to restore the connection.
技术员将两根电线拼接起来以恢复连接。
C1 noun /ˈsʌn.stroʊk/

Sunstroke

中暑
Meaning
a serious condition caused by overheating from prolonged exposure to high temperatures
Example
The worker suffered from sunstroke after working outside all day.
工人在外面工作了一整天后中暑了。
C1 noun /ˈskwɒlər/

squalor

贫困
Meaning
the state of being extremely dirty and unpleasant, especially due to poverty or neglect
Example
They lived in squalor without basic facilities.
他们在没有基本设施的贫困中生活。
C1 noun ˌsʌb.sɪ.dɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

subsidization

补贴
Meaning
Financial assistance provided by government to make certain goods or services more affordable.
Example
Subsidization of agriculture helps farmers maintain crop production.
农业补贴帮助农民维持作物生产。
C1 verb /siːð/

seethe

怒火中烧
Meaning
To be filled with intense but unexpressed anger or agitation.
Example
She was seething with anger after the unfair decision.
她在不公平的决定后怒火中烧。
C1 adjective /ˈstæɡ.nənt/

Stagnant

停滯的; 靜止的; 無發展的
Meaning
not moving or flowing; showing no activity or development
Example
The stagnant water in the pond was covered with algae.
池塘裡的停滯水被藻類覆蓋。
C1 adjective /ˈsliːzi/

sleazy

低级的, 肮脏的, 或质量差的
Meaning
morally low, dirty, or cheap in quality
Example
He avoided the sleazy nightclub downtown.
他避免了市中心的低级夜店。
C1 adjective /ˈskeɪ.li/

Scaly

鳞片状的
Meaning
covered with scales; having a rough surface like scales
Example
The fish has scaly skin.
那条鱼有鳞片的皮肤。
C1 noun/verb /ˈslʌmbər/

slumber

睡眠
Meaning
A state of sleep; to sleep lightly or rest.
Example
The child slumbered peacefully through the night.
孩子整夜安静地睡觉。
C1 noun /sɪr/

seer

预言者
Meaning
A person who is supposed to be able to see what will happen in the future; a prophet.
Example
The seer predicted a great change in the kingdom.
预言者预测了王国的重大变化。
C1 noun /ˈsɒl.ɪs/

Solace

安慰
Meaning
comfort or consolation in a time of distress or sadness
Example
She found solace in music after her loss.
在失去后，她在音乐中找到了安慰。
C1 verb /səbˈsɪst/

subsist

生存
Meaning
To maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.
Example
Many villagers still subsist on fishing and farming.
许多村民仍然依靠捕鱼和农业为生。
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrpənˌtiːn/

serpentine

蛇形的
Meaning
Having the shape, movement, or qualities of a serpent; winding or twisting.
Example
The road took a serpentine path through the mountains.
这条路穿过山脉，呈蛇形蜿蜒。
C1 noun /ˈslændər/

Slander

诽谤
Meaning
the action of making false spoken statements damaging to someone's reputation
Example
The politician sued the newspaper for slander.
政治家因诽谤起诉了报纸。
C1 verb /spɜːr/

spur

激励 / 鼓励
Meaning
To encourage or motivate someone to take action.
Example
The teacher's praise spurred him to study harder.
教师的表扬激励他更加努力学习。
C1 verb /ˈstriːmlaɪnɪŋ/

streamlining

精简
Meaning
The process of making an organization or system more efficient by simplifying or eliminating unnecessary steps
Example
Streamlining processes can significantly reduce operational costs.
精简过程可以显著减少运营成本。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛptɪk/

septic

感染的
Meaning
Infected with harmful bacteria; relating to or causing infection.
Example
The doctor treated the patient's septic wound immediately.
医生立即处理了病人的脓毒伤口。
C1 noun /ˈskrɪmɪdʒ/

scrimmage

练习赛
Meaning
A practice game or informal match, often in sports, especially football.
Example
The team had a scrimmage before the official season started.
在正式赛季开始之前，球队进行了一场练习赛。
C1 adjective /səbˈsɪd.i.ər.i/

Subsidiary

附属的; 次要的; 与子公司相关
Meaning
less important than the main thing; secondary; of or relating to a subsidiary company
Example
The subsidiary company handles all overseas operations.
子公司负责所有海外业务。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃuəs/

sensuous

感官的
Meaning
Relating to or affecting the senses rather than the intellect; pleasing to the senses.
Example
The garden was filled with sensuous colors and fragrances.
花园里充满了感官的色彩和香气。
C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪp.ləs/

Shapeless

无形的
Meaning
having no definite or well-defined shape or form
Example
The fog created a shapeless mass in the distance.
雾气在远处形成了无形的团块。
C1 adjective /ˈspaɪni/

spiny

多刺的
Meaning
covered with or full of spines; having sharp points
Example
The spiny cactus stood tall in the desert.
多刺的仙人掌在沙漠中挺立。
C1 verb /ˈskʌr.i/

scurry

快速跑
Meaning
To move quickly with short, hurried steps.
Example
The mice scurried across the kitchen floor when the lights turned on.
老鼠在灯光打开时快速穿过厨房的地板。
C1 verb /skrɔːl/

scrawl

匆忙地写
Meaning
to write or draw something quickly and carelessly, making it hard to read
Example
He scrawled his signature at the bottom of the page.
他在页面底部匆忙签上了自己的名字。
C1 noun /stɛntʃ/

stench

臭味
Meaning
A very strong and unpleasant smell.
Example
The stench of garbage filled the alley.
垃圾的臭味充满了小巷。
C1 noun /straɪf/

strife

冲突, 争斗
Meaning
angry or violent conflict; struggle or discord
Example
The region has been torn apart by political strife.
该地区已被政治冲突撕裂。
C1 noun /stɛlθ/

stealth

隐秘, 安静地移动
Meaning
The act of moving, doing, or achieving something quietly and secretly.
Example
The cat moved with stealth towards its prey.
猫悄悄地向它的猎物走去。
C1 adjective /səˈtɪrɪkəl/

satirical

讽刺的
Meaning
containing or using satire to criticize or mock
Example
The satirical cartoon mocked the government's new policy.
讽刺漫画嘲笑了政府的新政策。
C1 verb /skwɪnt/

squint

眯眼看
Meaning
to look with partly closed eyes
Example
She squinted at the bright sunlight.
她因强烈的阳光而眯着眼睛。
C1 verb /smɜrk/

smirk

得意的微笑
Meaning
to smile in a self-satisfied, smug, or silly way
Example
He smirked when he won the argument.
他在赢得争论时得意地笑了。
C1 noun /sleɪ/

sleigh

雪橇
Meaning
A vehicle pulled by horses or reindeer over snow or ice.
Example
Children were excited to ride in the sleigh through the snowy village.
孩子们兴奋地在雪地小村庄里骑上雪橇。
C1 verb sɪˈkwɛstər

sequester

隔离, 隐藏
Meaning
To isolate or hide away.
Example
The carbon captured by trees can be sequestered for years.
树木捕获的碳可以被隔离多年。
C1 noun səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

sophistication

高度复杂性或精致的程度
Meaning
High level of complexity or refinement.
Example
The sophistication of modern AI technology is remarkable.
现代人工智能技术的复杂性令人惊叹。
C1 verb /skʌlpt/

sculpt

幸福
Meaning
to create or shape something by carving or molding
Example
The artist sculpted a beautiful statue from marble.
她在获得奖项时无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 noun ˈsɒv.rɪn.ti

sovereignty

主权
Meaning
The authority of a state to govern itself or another state; supreme power or authority.
Example
Sovereignty is essential for a nation's identity.
主权对国家的身份至关重要。
C1 noun ˌsɛlf.rɪˈstreɪnt

self-restraint

自我克制
Meaning
The practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically an impulse or desire.
Example
Practicing self-restraint helps in avoiding impulsive decisions.
实践自我克制有助于避免冲动的决策。
C1 verb /slɪŋ/

sling

投掷, 挂起
Meaning
to throw or hang something roughly or carelessly
Example
He slung his bag over his shoulder before leaving.
他在离开前把包扔在肩膀上。
C1 adjective /ˈsæk.rəˌsæŋkt/

sacrosanct

神圣不可侵犯的
Meaning
Regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with; sacred.
Example
Freedom of speech is considered sacrosanct in democratic societies.
言论自由在民主社会中被视为神圣不可侵犯的。
C1 noun /ˌsæl.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən/

Salutation

问候; 善意的表达
Meaning
a greeting; an expression of goodwill
Example
The letter began with a formal salutation.
这封信以正式的问候开始。
C1 /skwɒt/

squat

蹲下
Meaning
to crouch or sit with knees bent and body close to the ground
Example
He squatted down to tie his shoes.
他蹲下来系鞋带。
C1 noun /ˈsɜːr.vɪ.tuːd/

Servitude

奴役
Meaning
the state of being a slave or completely subject to someone more powerful
Example
Many people fought to escape the servitude imposed by the colonial system.
许多人为了摆脱殖民制度所强加的奴役而斗争。
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪz.mɪk/

seismic

地震的
Meaning
Relating to earthquakes or vibrations of the earth and its crust.
Example
The region is known for its seismic activity.
该地区以其地震活动而闻名。
C1 adjective ˌsɪmbɪˈɒtɪk

symbiotic

共生的
Meaning
Involving interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association.
Example
The relationship between the bee and the flower is symbiotic.
蜜蜂和花朵之间的关系是共生的。
C1 adjective /sɪər/

Sear

枯萎的; 烧焦的; 干枯的
Meaning
withered; dried up; burned or scorched
Example
The sear leaves fell from the trees in autumn.
秋天枯萎的叶子从树上掉下来。
C1 noun /ˈsed.ɪ.mənt/

Sediment

沉积物
Meaning
matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; particles deposited by water or wind
Example
The river carried sediment downstream during the flood.
洪水期间，河水把沉积物冲向下游。
C1 noun /slæb/

slab

板
Meaning
a large, thick, flat piece of stone, concrete, or other hard material
Example
The workers laid a concrete slab for the foundation.
工人们为地基铺设了一块混凝土板。
C1 noun/verb /skɜːrdʒ/

scourge

Meaning
A source of great pain or punishment; to whip or inflict suffering on someone.
Example
Disease and poverty remain a scourge in many regions.
C1 noun /slæɡ/

slag

炉渣
Meaning
Stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting process.
Example
The factory dumped the slag near the river.
工厂把炉渣倾倒在河边。
C1 verb /səˈkʌm/

succumb

Meaning
To give in to pressure, temptation, or illness; to yield or fail to resist.
Example
He finally succumbed to his illness after a long struggle.
C1 noun /suˈpriː.mə.si/

Supremacy

至高无上；最高权力或权威
Meaning
the state of being supreme; highest authority or power
Example
The country established naval supremacy in the region.
该国在该地区建立了海军至高无上的地位。
C1 verb /səbˈsaɪd/

subside

减少
Meaning
to become less intense, violent, or severe; to sink or fall to a lower level
Example
After the storm, the floodwaters began to subside.
风暴过后，洪水开始退去。
C1 noun /ˈsɛmbləns/

Semblance

表象; 外观
Meaning
the outward appearance or apparent form of something, especially when the reality is different
Example
There was only a semblance of order in the chaotic office.
在混乱的办公室里只有一种表象的秩序