B2 verb ˈsiːlɪŋ

sealing

封闭，密封

Meaning

The action of closing or blocking something to prevent entry or escape.

Example

Sealing cracks in the walls can prevent pests from entering.

密封墙壁上的裂缝可以防止害虫进入。

B2 verb /ˈspɛsɪfaɪ/

specify

指定

Meaning

to state or describe something clearly and exactly

Example

Please specify the time and place of the meeting.

请明确指定会议的时间和地点。

B2 noun /ˈʃepərd/

Shepherd

牧羊人

Meaning

a person who tends and guards sheep

Example

The shepherd guided his flock to the green pasture.

牧羊人把他的羊群引导到绿色的牧场。

B2 verb /ˈstʌmbəl/

stumble

绊倒

Meaning

to trip or lose balance while walking or running; to make a mistake or falter

Example

He stumbled on the uneven pavement.

他在人行道上绊倒了。

B2 adjective /ˈstɜːrdi/

sturdy

坚固

Meaning

strongly and solidly built; not easily weakened

Example

The carpenter made a sturdy wooden table.

木匠做了一张坚固的木桌。

B2 noun /ˈsɛtlər/

settler

定居者

Meaning

a person who settles in a new area or land

Example

The settlers arrived in the new town and started building homes.

定居者们抵达新城市并开始建造房屋。

B2 noun /skoʊp/

scope

范围

Meaning

the range of one's perception, understanding, or activity

Example

The project is beyond the scope of our resources.

该项目超出了我们资源的范围。

B2 noun /skɛtʃ/

sketch

素描

Meaning

a simple, rough drawing or outline

Example

He made a quick sketch of the landscape.

他画了一个快速的风景素描。

B2 noun /ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/

storage

存储

Meaning

the action or method of storing something for future use

Example

The warehouse offers plenty of storage space.

仓库提供了大量的存储空间。

B2 noun /stəˈtɪstɪks/

statistics

统计

Meaning

the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data

Example

The statistics showed an increase in the number of users last year.

统计数据显示，去年用户数量有所增加。

B2 noun sliːp ˌdɛprɪˈveɪʃən

sleep deprivation

睡眠不足

Meaning

The condition of not having enough sleep; lack of adequate sleep.

Example

Sleep deprivation can severely impact mental health.

睡眠不足可能严重影响心理健康。

B2 noun /spekˈteɪtər/

Spectator

观众

Meaning

a person who watches at a show, game, or other event; an observer

Example

The stadium was filled with excited spectators.

体育场坐满了兴奋的观众。

B2 noun /ˈsɛm.iˌsɜːr.kəl/

semicircle

半圆

Meaning

Half of a circle or something shaped like half of a circle.

Example

The students sat in a semicircle around the teacher.

学生们围绕老师坐成半圆形。

B2 noun /sloʊp/

Slope

坡; 倾斜的地面

Meaning

an inclined surface; a piece of ground that is not level

Example

We walked up the steep slope of the mountain.

我们走上了陡峭的山坡。

B2 adjective, verb (past) /səˈspɛndɪd/

suspended

暂停

Meaning

Temporarily not allowed, stopped, or hanging.

Example

He was suspended from school for a week.

他因为一周被暂停上学。

B2 noun/verb /swɑːmp/

swamp

沼泽

Meaning

An area of low-lying, uncultivated ground where water collects; a bog or marsh.

Example

The village was built near a swamp.

村庄建在一个沼泽附近。

B2 noun /ˈspɒnsər/

sponsor

赞助商

Meaning

a person or organization that provides funds for a project or activity in exchange for publicity or support

Example

The company became the main sponsor of the event.

公司成为了活动的主要赞助商。

B2 noun /ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

specification

规格

Meaning

a detailed description or assessment of something

Example

The product specification includes all the necessary details.

产品规格包括所有必要的细节。

B2 noun /ˈspəʊkswɪmən/

spokeswoman

发言人女性

Meaning

a woman who speaks on behalf of a group or organization

Example

The spokeswoman for the company announced the new product.

公司的发言人宣布了新产品。

B2 noun/verb /stʌmp/

stump

树桩，困惑

Meaning

the base of a tree left after the trunk is cut down; to puzzle or confuse

Example

The question completely stumped the students.

这个问题完全困扰了学生。

B2 noun /sɪmˈplɪsɪti/

Simplicity

简单; 清晰

Meaning

the quality of being simple; lack of complexity or intricacy

Example

The beauty of the design lies in its simplicity.

设计的美丽在于它的简单性。

B2 adjective /ˌsɪm.pəˈθet.ɪk/

Sympathetic

有同情心的; 富有理解的; 敏感的;

Meaning

showing compassion or understanding for someone's feelings or situation

Example

She was very sympathetic when I told her about my problems.

当我告诉她我的问题时，她表现得非常有同情心。

B2 noun /ˈspəʊkspɜːrsən/

spokesperson

发言人

Meaning

a person who speaks on behalf of others or an organization

Example

The spokesperson addressed the press conference on behalf of the company.

发言人代表公司在新闻发布会上发言。

B2 noun ˈsʌbstɪˌtut

substitute

替代品

Meaning

A person or thing acting or serving in place of another.

Example

Money cannot be a substitute for genuine happiness.

钱不能成为真正幸福的替代品。

B2 noun /spæm/

spam

垃圾邮件

Meaning

unsolicited or unwanted electronic communication, typically in the form of email

Example

My inbox is full of spam emails that I need to delete.

我的收件箱里满是垃圾邮件，我需要删除它们。

B2 noun /ˈspɛʃəlti/

specialty

专长

Meaning

a particular area of study, work, or interest; something in which a person or place excels

Example

Her specialty is pediatric medicine.

她的专业是儿科医学。

Meaning

to scatter small drops or particles of a substance over a surface

Example

She sprinkled sugar on top of the cake.

B2 noun /ˈsɛsəmi sidz/

Sesame Seeds

芝麻种子

Meaning

small edible seeds from the sesame plant used in cooking and baking

Example

Sprinkle sesame seeds on top of the bread before baking.

在面包上撒上芝麻种子，然后烘烤。

B2 noun /ˈsiː.mən/

Seaman

海员

Meaning

a person who works on a ship; sailor

Example

The experienced seaman navigated the ship through the storm.

经验丰富的海员在风暴中导航。

B2 noun/verb /swɔːrm/

swarm

蜂群

Meaning

A large group of insects or people moving together.

Example

A swarm of bees surrounded the tree.

一群蜜蜂围绕着树。

B2 adjective /ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪzd/

specialized

专门的

Meaning

designed or developed for a particular purpose or function

Example

He has a specialized knowledge of ancient civilizations.

他对古代文明有专门的知识。

B2 adjective /ˈstʌdid/

studied

深思熟虑

Meaning

carefully considered, deliberate, or planned

Example

Her response was calm and studied, not impulsive.

她的回答冷静而深思熟虑，非冲动。

B2 adjective səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl

sustainable

可持续的

Meaning

Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level; conserving an ecological balance.

Example

Sustainable practices mitigate environmental impact.

可持续的实践减少了对环境的影响。

B2 noun /stɑːˈveɪ.ʃən/

Starvation

饥饿

Meaning

suffering or death caused by lack of food; extreme hunger

Example

Many people died of starvation during the famine.

许多人在饥荒期间死于饥饿。

B2 noun /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtɛndənt/

superintendent

管理员

Meaning

a person who oversees, manages, or directs an organization, building, or project

Example

The superintendent visited the classrooms to check on progress.

管理员访问了教室以检查进展。

B2 noun /ˈsɪləbəs/

syllabus

教学大纲

Meaning

An outline or summary of topics to be covered in a course of study.

Example

The professor handed out the syllabus on the first day of class.

教授在第一天的课上发放了教学大纲。

B2 noun /ˌsoʊsiˈɑːlədʒi/

sociology

社会学

Meaning

the study of society, human relationships, and social institutions

Example

She is studying sociology at university.

她在大学学习社会学。

B2 noun /ˈseɪf.ɡɑːrd/

Safeguard

保护措施

Meaning

measure or action designed to protect someone or something

Example

New safeguards were implemented to prevent data breaches.

已实施新的保护措施以防止数据泄露。

B2 verb, noun /sniːz/

sneeze

打喷嚏

Meaning

to expel air involuntarily from the nose and mouth due to irritation; the act of sneezing

Example

I had to sneeze during the meeting.

我在会议中不得不打喷嚏。

B2 verb /swaɪp/

swipe

滑动

Meaning

to move your finger across a touch screen or to hit with a sweeping motion

Example

He swiped left on the photo.

他在照片上向左滑动。

B2 noun /spaɪs/

spice

香料

Meaning

a substance used to add flavor to food

Example

She added a pinch of spice to the curry for extra flavor.

她在咖喱里加入了一撮香料以增加味道。

B2 noun /ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃən/

simulation

模拟

Meaning

the imitation of a situation or process

Example

The simulation helped the students understand the complex theory.

模拟帮助学生理解复杂的理论。

B2 adjective /ˈslʌɡ.ɪʃ/

Sluggish

迟缓; 无力; 不活跃

Meaning

slow-moving; lacking energy or alertness; inactive

Example

The old computer became sluggish after running for hours.

那台旧电脑运行了几个小时后变得迟缓。

B2 adjective /ˈʃeɪ.ki/

Shaky

不稳定的; 发抖的; 不可靠的; 弱的

Meaning

unstable; trembling; unreliable; weak

Example

His voice was shaky with nervousness.

他的声音因紧张而颤抖。

B2 adjective /ˈseɪ.krɪd/

Sacred

神圣的

Meaning

connected with God or a god; considered holy; worthy of religious worship

Example

The sacred temple was visited by thousands of pilgrims.

这座神圣的寺庙吸引了成千上万名朝圣者前来参观。

B2 verb /sɜːrdʒ/

surge

激增

Meaning

to move suddenly and powerfully forward or upward

Example

The crowd surged forward when the gates opened.

当大门打开时，人群向前涌动。

B2 noun /stɔːrk/

Stork

鹳

Meaning

large wading bird with long legs and a long neck

Example

The stork built its nest on top of the tall chimney.

鹳在高烟囱上建造了它的巢。

B2 noun /ˌsɒl.ɪˈdær.ə.ti/

Solidarity

团结

Meaning

unity or agreement of feeling or action among individuals with a common interest

Example

The workers showed solidarity during the strike.

工人在罢工期间表现出团结。

B2 adjective /ˈspiːtʃləs/

speechless

无言

Meaning

Unable to speak because of shock, surprise, or strong emotion.

Example

She was speechless when she received the award.

她获得奖项时无言以对。

B2 noun /ˈsɒlɪtjuːd/

solitude

孤独

Meaning

The state or situation of being alone.

Example

Solitude can provide the opportunity for deep reflection.

孤独可以提供深刻反思的机会。

B2 noun /ˈsikwəns/

Sequence

序列

Meaning

a particular order in which related events, movements, or things follow each other; a set of related events, movements, or things that follow each other in a particular order

Example

The dance sequence was perfectly choreographed.

舞蹈序列被完美地编排。

B2 adjective /ˌsʌp.lɪˈmen.tər.i/

Supplementary

补充的; 附加的; 额外的

Meaning

completing or making an addition to something; additional; extra

Example

Students need to buy supplementary books for the course.

学生需要为课程购买补充书籍。

B2 verb /ʃrɪŋk/

shrink

缩水

Meaning

to become smaller in size; to draw back in fear

Example

The sweater shrank after washing in hot water.

毛衣在热水中洗后缩水。

B2 adverb /ˈsɛkʃuəli/

sexually

性行为

Meaning

in a way that relates to or involves sexual activity or feelings

Example

The film was considered too sexually explicit for young audiences.

这部电影被认为对年轻观众来说过于性行为露骨。

B2 noun, verb /stiːm/

steam

蒸汽

Meaning

the vapor into which water is converted when heated; to emit or treat with steam

Example

The kettle was steaming on the stove.

茶壶在炉子上冒蒸汽。

B2 noun ˌsɛlf.kənˈtrəʊl

self-control

自我控制

Meaning

The ability to control one's emotions, behavior, and desires in order to obtain some reward, or avoid some punishment, typically in the longer term.

Example

Self-control is important for maintaining a balanced life.

自我控制对保持平衡的生活很重要。

B2 adjective /ʃɪər/

Sheer

完全的; 绝对的; 透明的; 非常陡峭

Meaning

complete; absolute; transparent; very steep

Example

It was sheer luck that we found the place.

这是纯粹的运气，我们找到了这个地方。

B2 adverb ˌsɪməlˈteɪnɪəsli

simultaneously

同时

Meaning

At the same time; occurring or existing at the same time.

Example

He worked on two projects simultaneously.

他同时在做两个项目。

B2 noun /ˌsɛlf rɪˈspɛkt/

self-respect

自尊

Meaning

A feeling of pride and confidence in oneself; self-worth.

Example

She refused to compromise her self-respect by accepting unfair treatment.

她拒绝通过接受不公平的待遇来妥协自己的自尊。

B2 noun ˈskeə.sɪ.ti

scarcity

稀缺

Meaning

The state of being scarce or in short supply; shortage.

Example

Water scarcity threatens agriculture.

水资源稀缺威胁农业。

B2 noun, verb /sɪn/

sin

罪

Meaning

an immoral act considered to be a transgression against divine law; to commit an offense against religious or moral law

Example

He confessed his sin to the priest.

他向神父忏悔了他的罪。

B2 adjective /sɑːrˈkæstɪk/

sarcastic

讽刺的

Meaning

Using irony or mockery to convey contempt or humor.

Example

She made a sarcastic remark about his cooking.

她对他的烹饪做了一个讽刺的评论。

B2 noun /ˈstɑːrtər/

starter

开始某事的人或事物；一餐的第一道菜

Meaning

a person or thing that starts something; the first course of a meal

Example

The starter of the meal was a fresh salad.

餐前小吃是一份新鲜的沙拉。

B2 noun /spaɪn/

Spine

脊柱; 结构的中央支撑

Meaning

the backbone or vertebral column of a vertebrate; the central support of a structure

Example

She injured her spine in the accident.

她在事故中伤了脊柱。

B2 verb səˈsteɪnd

sustained

持续的

Meaning

Strengthened and supported; not allowed to weaken or fail.

Example

The proposal was not sustained.

该提案没有得到支持。

B2 adjective /steɪl/

Stale

陈旧的; 过时的; 不新鲜的

Meaning

no longer fresh; lacking originality or novelty

Example

The bread became stale after sitting out for three days.

面包放了三天后变得陈旧。

B2 verb /stʌn/

stun

震惊, 使昏迷

Meaning

to shock or surprise someone greatly; to knock someone unconscious or dazed

Example

The news of her sudden resignation stunned everyone.

她突然辞职的消息让大家都震惊了。

B2 noun /ˈsɪmpəθi/

Sympathy

同情

Meaning

feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune

Example

She expressed her sympathy for the victims of the accident.

她对事故的受害者表达了同情。

B2 verb /spɪl/

spill

洒

Meaning

to cause liquid to flow or fall out of a container by accident

Example

Be careful not to spill your coffee.

小心不要洒出你的咖啡。

B2 adverb /ˈstɛdɪli/

steadily

稳定地

Meaning

in a regular and continuous way; without stopping or changing

Example

The company's profits have been increasing steadily.

公司的利润稳定增长。

B2 adjective /spɒnˈteɪniəs/

Spontaneous

自发的

Meaning

done without planning; natural and unforced

Example

Their spontaneous dance in the rain was beautiful.

他们在雨中即兴的舞蹈非常美丽。

B2 verb /skæn/

scan

幸福

Meaning

To look at something carefully or quickly; to digitally copy or capture an image or document.

Example

She scanned the document before sending it by email.

她收到奖项时无法隐藏自己的幸福。

B2 verb /ʃʌv/

shove

推

Meaning

to push someone or something roughly

Example

He shoved the box into the corner.

他把箱子推到角落里。

B2 verb /straɪv/

strive

奋斗

Meaning

To make great efforts to achieve or obtain something.

Example

She strives to be the best student in her class.

她努力成为班里最好的学生。

B2 noun /ˈsɜr.neɪm/

Surname

姓氏

Meaning

a hereditary name common to all members of a family; family name

Example

Please write your first name and surname on the form.

请在表格上写下您的名字和姓氏。

B2 noun /ˌsɛkʃuˈæləti/

sexuality

性别认同

Meaning

a person's capacity for sexual feelings and orientation

Example

She spoke openly about her sexuality and identity.

她公开谈论了她的性别认同和身份。

B2 noun /ˈskaɪˌskreɪpər/

Skyscraper

摩天大楼

Meaning

a very tall building of many stories

Example

The new skyscraper dominates the city's skyline.

这座新的摩天大楼主导着城市的天际线。

B2 adjective /ˈstɑːrtəld/

startled

吃惊

Meaning

suddenly shocked or surprised by something unexpected

Example

She was startled by the loud noise outside.

她因外面的巨大声音而感到吃惊。

B2 adjective /self səˈfɪʃənt/

Self-sufficient

自给自足

Meaning

able to provide for oneself without depending on others

Example

The farm is completely self-sufficient in producing vegetables.

这个农场在蔬菜生产方面完全自给自足。

B2 verb /ˈstrʌɡlɪŋ/

struggling

挣扎

Meaning

Making forceful or violent efforts to get free of restraint or constriction; having difficulty achieving something.

Example

Many regions are struggling with economic recovery.

许多地区在经济复苏中挣扎。

B2 noun /swɪŋ/

Swing

秋千

Meaning

move or cause to move back and forth or from side to side while suspended or on an axis

Example

The children love to swing in the park.

孩子们喜欢在公园里荡秋千。

B2 noun /ˈsɪnθɪsɪs/

synthesis

合成，组合

Meaning

The combination of ideas to form a theory or system.

Example

The synthesis of ideas from multiple perspectives led to innovation.

来自多个角度的想法的合成导致了创新。

B2 adjective /ˈstaɪ.lɪʃ/

Stylish

时尚和有吸引力；在外观上有优雅或品味

Meaning

fashionable and attractive; having elegance or taste in appearance

Example

She wore a stylish dress to the party.

她穿着一件时尚的裙子参加派对。

B2 adverb /ˈstrɪktli/

strictly

严格

Meaning

in a way that follows rules or limits completely

Example

Smoking is strictly prohibited inside the building.

在大楼内吸烟是严格禁止的。

B2 adjective sɪˈvɪər

severe

严重的

Meaning

Very great; intense or extreme in degree.

Example

Without action, climate change impacts will become severe.

如果没有行动，气候变化的影响将变得严重。

B2 noun /ˈsɜːr.plʌs/

surplus

盈余

Meaning

An amount that is more than what is needed.

Example

The country has a surplus of food this year.

今年该国的食品盈余。

B2 noun /ˌsuː.pərˈstɪʃ.ən/

Superstition

迷信

Meaning

a belief or practice considered irrational or supernatural

Example

Breaking a mirror brings seven years of bad luck is a common superstition.

打破镜子带来七年的厄运，这是一种常见的迷信。

B2 noun ˌsænɪˈteɪʃən

sanitation

卫生

Meaning

Conditions relating to public health, especially the provision of clean drinking water and adequate sewage disposal.

Example

Good sanitation practices are key to preventing infestations.

良好的卫生实践是防止侵扰的关键。

B2 noun /ˈsɪmfəni/

Symphony

交响曲

Meaning

an elaborate musical composition for full orchestra, typically in four movements

Example

The orchestra performed Beethoven's Fifth Symphony.

乐团演奏了贝多芬的第五交响曲。

B2 adverb /ˈsɪmɪlərli/

similarly

类似地

Meaning

in a similar way

Example

Similarly, we can achieve success with dedication and hard work.

以相似的方式，我们可以通过奉献和努力工作取得成功。

B2 noun /sɪv/

Seive

筛子

Meaning

a utensil consisting of a wire or plastic mesh held in a frame, used for straining solids from liquids

Example

She used a sieve to separate the flour from lumps.

她使用筛子将面粉与结块分开。

B2 adjective strəˈtiː.dʒɪk

strategic

战略的

Meaning

Relating to the identification of long-term or overall aims and interests and the means of achieving them.

Example

Strategic policies enhance competitiveness.

战略性政策增强竞争力。

B2 adjective /ˈsændi/

Sandy

沙的; 沙质的

Meaning

covered with sand; containing sand; having the texture of sand

Example

The sandy beach stretched for miles along the coast.

沙滩沿海岸延伸了几英里。

B2 adjective /slɪk/

slick

光滑的

Meaning

Smooth, clever, or efficient, often in a way that seems superficial.

Example

He gave a slick presentation to impress the investors.

他做了一个光滑的演示，以打动投资者。

B2 adjective /slæk/

slack

松弛

Meaning

not tight, firm, or busy; lacking tension or activity

Example

Business is slack during the rainy season.

在雨季生意很清淡。

B2 noun /ˈʃʌv.əl/

Shovel

铲子

Meaning

a tool with a broad flat blade and long handle used for digging and moving earth, snow, or other materials

Example

He grabbed a shovel to clear the snow from the driveway.

他拿起铲子清理车道上的雪。

B2 adjective /sɔːr/

sore

酸痛

Meaning

painful or aching, usually in a specific part of the body

Example

After the long run, my legs were sore.

长跑后，我的腿很酸痛。

B2 noun /ˈsɛnsər/

sensor

幸福

Meaning

a device that detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or responds to it

Example

The motion sensor turned on the light automatically.

当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。

B2 noun/verb /ˈsɜːveɪ/

survey

调查，问卷调查

Meaning

noun: an examination or inspection; verb: to examine or measure (an area or subject)

Example

They conducted a survey to understand customer preferences.

他们进行了一项调查，以了解客户的偏好。

Meaning

to arrange things in a neat pile or one on top of another

Example

He stacked the books neatly on the shelf.

B2 adjective /ˌsɪstəˈmætɪk/

systematic

系统的

Meaning

Done or acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical.

Example

The company took a systematic approach to solving the issue.

公司采取了系统的方法来解决问题。

B2 noun /stɪŋk/

Stink

臭味; 恶臭

Meaning

a strong unpleasant smell; bad odor

Example

The garbage created a terrible stink in the kitchen.

垃圾在厨房里产生了可怕的臭味。

B2 verb /sweɪ/

sway

摇摆

Meaning

To move or cause to move slowly or rhythmically back and forth; to influence someone's opinion or decision.

Example

The trees swayed gently in the breeze.

树木在微风中轻轻摇曳。

B2 noun /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

supervision

监督

Meaning

the action or process of overseeing or managing something or someone

Example

The project was completed under the supervision of an experienced manager.

该项目在一位经验丰富的经理监督下完成。

B2 adjective /ˈspɒtɪd/

Spotted

斑点的; 有标记的; 被看到

Meaning

having spots or marks; noticed or seen

Example

The spotted leopard moved silently through the jungle.

斑点猎豹静静地穿过丛林。

B2 noun /sliːv/

Sleeve

袖子

Meaning

the part of a garment that covers the arm

Example

She rolled up her sleeves before starting to cook.

她在开始做饭前卷起了袖子。