rife
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C1 adjective /raɪf/

rife

普遍
Meaning
widespread or common, often in a negative sense
Example
Corruption was rife in the old government system.
腐败在旧政府体制中盛行。
C1 noun/verb /ˈrɛprɪˌmænd/

reprimand

Meaning
A formal expression of disapproval; to scold or criticize someone officially.
Example
The teacher reprimanded the student for being late.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈlæps/

relapse

复发
Meaning
to return to a worse condition, especially after improvement; a deterioration after recovery
Example
After months of progress, he suffered a relapse.
经过几个月的进展后，他遭遇了复发。
C1 verb /rɪˈdʒuː.vɪ.neɪt/

rejuvenate

恢复活力
Meaning
To make or feel young, healthy, or energetic again.
Example
A vacation can rejuvenate the mind and body.
度假可以使身心焕发活力。
C1 noun /ˈredʒ.ɪ.mən/

regimen

为促进或恢复健康而规定的治疗、生活方式或饮食方案
Meaning
A prescribed course of medical treatment, way of life, or diet for the promotion or restoration of health.
Example
A strict exercise regimen improves overall fitness.
严格的锻炼方案改善了整体健康。
C1 noun /ˈreɪ.biːz/

rabies

狂犬病
Meaning
A viral disease that causes inflammation of the brain in humans and other mammals, usually transmitted through animal bites.
Example
The dog was vaccinated against rabies.
狗已接种狂犬病疫苗。
C1 noun /rɪˈdʒɔɪsɪŋ/

rejoicing

欢庆
Meaning
The action of showing great joy or happiness
Example
There was much rejoicing after the victory.
胜利之后有很多欢庆。
C1 verb /ræsp/

rasp

Meaning
to speak in a rough, harsh voice or to scrape with a coarse sound
Example
He rasped out a warning before collapsing.
C1 verb /reɪz/

raze

拆除
Meaning
To completely destroy or demolish something, especially a building.
Example
The old factory was razed to make way for new apartments.
旧工厂被拆除，为新公寓让路。
C1 noun /ˈrɒstrəm/

rostrum

讲台
Meaning
A raised platform for speakers, performers, or leaders.
Example
The politician delivered a speech from the rostrum.
政治家在讲台上发表了演讲。
C1 verb /ˌriːɪnˈtɪɡreɪt/

reintegrate

重新融入
Meaning
To bring someone or something back into a group or society after being separated.
Example
The program helps prisoners reintegrate into society.
该程序帮助囚犯重新融入社会。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæl.ɪ.breɪt/

recalibrate

重新校准, 重新调整
Meaning
To calibrate again or differently; to adjust or correct something based on new information or changed circumstances.
Example
The company had to recalibrate its strategies to adapt to the market.
公司必须重新校准其策略以适应市场。
C1 noun /ˈrɪpəl/

Ripple

涟漪
Meaning
a small wave on the surface of water; a spreading effect or influence
Example
The stone created ripples across the calm pond.
石头在平静的池塘中激起了涟漪。
C1 noun /ˌrɛkwɪˈzɪʃən/

requisition

要求
Meaning
An official order laying claim to the use of property or materials; a formal demand or request.
Example
The manager submitted a requisition for new office supplies.
经理提交了新的办公室用品的要求。
C1 noun /ˌriː.dɪs.trɪˈbjuː.ʃən/

redistribution

重分配
Meaning
The sharing of wealth or resources more equally among society.
Example
The government introduced a redistribution policy to reduce inequality.
政府出台了重分配政策，以减少不平等。
C1 noun /ˈrep.lɪ.kə/

Replica

复制品
Meaning
an exact copy or model of something, especially one on a smaller scale
Example
The museum displayed a perfect replica of the ancient statue.
博物馆展示了古代雕像的完美复制品。
C1 noun /ˈrəʊ.bɒt əˈsɪs.tɪd prəˈsiː.dʒərz/

robot-assisted procedures

机器人辅助程序
Meaning
Medical operations performed with the help of robotic systems to enhance precision and control.
Example
Robot-assisted procedures reduce human error.
机器人辅助程序减少了人为错误。
C1 verb /rɪˈlɛnt/

relent

让步，变得温和
Meaning
to become less severe, harsh, or strict
Example
After hours of begging, she finally relented.
经过几个小时的恳求，她终于心软了。
C1 noun ˌriːˌvaɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

revitalization

复兴
Meaning
The action of giving new life and vitality to something.
Example
Proper rest and nutrition lead to revitalization of the body.
适当的休息和营养有助于身体的复兴。
C1 adjective /ˈrɛtroʊˌɡreɪd/

retrograde

逆行的
Meaning
moving backward or returning to a worse condition
Example
The policy was seen as a retrograde step for human rights.
该政策被视为人权的倒退步骤。
C1 adjective /riˈæk.tɪv/

Reactive

反应性; 化学活性
Meaning
responding to situations rather than initiating them; chemically active
Example
The company took a reactive approach to customer complaints.
公司对客户投诉采取了反应性的方法。
C1 noun /ˌrɛfjʊˈteɪʃən/

refutation

驳斥
Meaning
The act of proving a statement or argument to be false or incorrect.
Example
Her essay was a strong refutation of the opposing theory.
她的文章是对对立理论的有力驳斥。
C1 noun, verb /raʊt/

rout

失败
Meaning
A decisive defeat; to defeat completely.
Example
The army routed the enemy forces in the battle.
军队在战斗中彻底击败了敌军。
C1 adjective /rɪˈdʌn.dənt/

redundant

多余的
Meaning
Not or no longer needed or useful; superfluous.
Example
The report contained redundant information.
报告包含了多余的信息。
C1 noun /rɪˈmɛmbrəns/

remembrance

纪念
Meaning
the act of remembering or honoring someone or something
Example
A service was held in remembrance of the fallen soldiers.
为阵亡士兵举行了纪念仪式。
C1 noun /ˌriːhəˌbɪlɪˈteɪʃən/

rehabilitation

幸福
Meaning
the process of restoring someone or something to health or normal life through training or therapy
Example
After the accident, he went through months of rehabilitation to walk again.
她无法掩饰自己获得奖项时的喜悦。
C1 adjective /rɪˈtɜː.nə.bəl/

Returnable

可退还的
Meaning
able to be returned or given back
Example
The bottle is returnable for a deposit refund.
这瓶瓶子可以退还存款退款。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæst/

recast

重新选择演员
Meaning
To present or change something in a different form or style.
Example
The director decided to recast the role with a younger actor.
导演决定用一位年轻演员重新安排这个角色。
C1 noun /rɪˈpʌlʃən/

Repulsion

排斥
Meaning
a feeling of intense distaste or disgust; a force under the influence of which objects tend to move away from each other
Example
She felt a strong repulsion towards the idea of eating insects.
她对吃昆虫这个想法感到强烈的排斥。
C1 noun /ˌrek.ənˌsɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

reconciliation

和解
Meaning
The restoration of friendly relations; the action of making one view or belief compatible with another.
Example
The peace treaty was a major step toward reconciliation.
和平条约是迈向和解的重要一步。
C1 noun /ˌrɛspɪˈreɪʃən/

respiration

Meaning
The process of breathing or the exchange of gases in living organisms.
Example
Respiration is essential for all living beings.
C1 noun /rɪˈkɒnɪsəns/

reconnaissance

侦察
Meaning
A survey or exploration, especially for military or strategic purposes.
Example
The soldiers conducted a reconnaissance of the enemy camp.
士兵们进行了敌营的侦察。
C1 adjective /ˈræɡ.ɪd/

Ragged

破旧的; 破损的; 破烂的
Meaning
torn; tattered; frayed; shabby
Example
The homeless man wore ragged clothes.
无家可归的人穿着破旧的衣服。
C1 adjective /rɪˈzɪdjuəl/

residual

剩余的
Meaning
Remaining after the greater part has gone.
Example
The patient experienced residual pain after the surgery.
病人在手术后经历了剩余的疼痛。
C1 noun /rɪˈvɜːrʒən/

reversion

逆转
Meaning
the act of returning to a previous state or condition
Example
The new policy marked a reversion to traditional methods.
新政策标志着回归传统方法。
C1 adjective /rɪˈpliːt/

replete

充满
Meaning
Filled or well-supplied with something; abundantly full.
Example
The book is replete with fascinating historical details.
这本书充满了迷人的历史细节。
C1 noun /rɔ ˈtɜrmərɪk/

Raw Turmeric

生姜黄
Meaning
fresh unprocessed root of the turmeric plant used as a spice and medicine
Example
Grate raw turmeric into the curry for authentic flavor.
将生姜黄磨成粉加入咖喱中，以增加正宗的味道。
C1 verb/noun /ˈrɛlɪʃ/

relish

享受 / 调味料
Meaning
to greatly enjoy; also a condiment or sauce
Example
She relished the opportunity to travel abroad.
她很高兴有机会出国旅行。
C1 verb /rɪˈbʌf/

rebuff

拒绝
Meaning
to reject or refuse in a sharp or abrupt way
Example
She rebuffed his invitation to dinner.
她拒绝了他的晚餐邀请。
C1 adjective /ˈrez.ə.luːt/

Resolute

坚决的；坚定的；不可动摇的
Meaning
determined; having a firm decision; unwavering
Example
She remained resolute in her decision to pursue her dreams.
她在追求梦想的决定中保持坚决。
C1 noun /rɪˈmɪʃən/

remission

Meaning
A temporary or permanent decrease or disappearance of disease symptoms; forgiveness of sins or debts.
Example
The patient’s cancer is in remission after the treatment.
C1 noun /ˈrɑːstər/

roster

名单
Meaning
A list or plan showing people’s duties or times when they are scheduled.
Example
The manager updated the staff roster for next week.
经理更新了下周的员工名单。
C1 verb /rɪˈdrɛs/

redress

纠正
Meaning
to set right, remedy, or compensate for a wrong or grievance
Example
The company promised to redress the complaints of its customers.
公司承诺纠正客户的投诉。
C1 noun /rəʊˈbɒt.ɪk ˈsɜː.dʒər.i/

robotic surgery

机器人手术
Meaning
Surgery performed with the assistance of robotic systems to enhance precision and reduce invasiveness.
Example
Robotic surgery enhances precision in complex procedures.
机器人手术提高了复杂程序的精确度。
C1 noun /rɪˈspɒnsɪvnəs/

responsiveness

反应能力
Meaning
The quality of reacting quickly and positively
Example
The manager appreciated her responsiveness to customer feedback.
经理欣赏她对客户反馈的反应能力。
C1 verb /ˈrʌm.ɪdʒ/

rummage

杂乱地翻找
Meaning
to search through something in a disorderly way
Example
He rummaged through the drawer for his keys.
他在抽屉里翻找钥匙。
C1 adjective /ˈræmʃækəl/

ramshackle

破旧
Meaning
poorly built or maintained; in a state of disrepair
Example
They lived in a ramshackle old house on the edge of town.
他们住在城市边缘的一座破旧老房子里。
C1 verb /ˈrʌf.l̩/

ruffle

Meaning
to disturb the smoothness of something; to annoy or upset someone
Example
The wind ruffled her hair.
C1 verb /rɪˈɡrɛs/

regress

Meaning
To return to a former or less developed state.
Example
Without proper guidance, the child's progress began to regress.
C1 verb /rɪˈvɜːrbəreɪt/

reverberate

回响
Meaning
To echo repeatedly or have continuing effects.
Example
The sound of the explosion reverberated through the valley.
爆炸声在山谷中回响。
C1 verb /ˈræʃənəlaɪz/

rationalize

理性化
Meaning
to attempt to explain or justify behavior or decisions with logical reasons, even if they are not true or appropriate
Example
She tried to rationalize her lateness by blaming the traffic.
她试图通过怪罪交通来为自己的迟到辩解。
C1 verb /ˈrɪvɪt/

rivet

用铆钉固定 / 吸引注意
Meaning
to fasten or secure with a rivet; to hold someone’s attention firmly
Example
The craftsman riveted the metal plates together.
工匠用铆钉把金属板固定在一起。
C1 verb /ˌrɛzəˈrɛkt/

resurrect

复活
Meaning
To bring back to life or revive something from the past.
Example
The director decided to resurrect the old play for a new audience.
导演决定让旧剧本为新的观众复活。
C1 adjective /rɪˈkʌr.ənt/

Recurrent

反复的
Meaning
happening repeatedly; occurring again and again; periodic;
Example
She has been suffering from recurrent headaches for months.
她已经有几个月反复头痛了。
C1 adjective /rɪˈvɜː.sə.bəl/

Reversible

可逆的
Meaning
able to be turned the other way around; able to be undone or changed back
Example
This jacket is reversible and can be worn on both sides.
这件夹克是可翻面的，可以正反两面穿着。
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɜːrdʒənt/

resurgent

复兴的
Meaning
Becoming strong, active, or popular again.
Example
The resurgent economy gave hope to many businesses.
复兴的经济给许多企业带来了希望。
C1 adjective /ˈrɛtɪsənt/

reticent

沉默寡言
Meaning
not revealing one's thoughts or feelings readily; reserved
Example
She was reticent about her personal life.
她对自己的个人生活保持沉默。
C1 noun ˌræʃ.ən.əl.ɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

rationalization

理性化
Meaning
The practice of finding reasons for behavior or actions that are not the real reasons.
Example
His rationalization of the mistake was not convincing.
他对错误的理性化并不令人信服。
C1 noun /rɪˈbʌtəl/

rebuttal

反驳
Meaning
a statement or argument made to oppose or disprove another
Example
Her rebuttal was clear and convincing.
她的反驳清晰而有说服力。
C1 noun /ˈrɪɡər/

rigor

严格
Meaning
strictness, severity, or demanding conditions
Example
The training was carried out with great rigor.
培训以极大的严格性进行。
C1 noun /ˈrʌmpəs/

Rumpus

喧闹; 骚动; 混乱
Meaning
a noisy disturbance; an uproar or commotion
Example
The children caused quite a rumpus in the playground.
孩子们在游乐场引起了相当大的骚乱。
C1 verb /ˌriː.ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

reestablish

重新建立
Meaning
to set up or restore something again after it has been disrupted
Example
The government worked hard to reestablish peace in the region.
政府努力在该地区重新建立和平。
C1 verb /rɪˈprɛs/

repress

Meaning
To restrain, suppress, or keep under control, especially emotions or desires.
Example
He tried to repress his anger during the meeting.
C1 verb /rɪˈtrækt/

retract

Meaning
to withdraw a statement, promise, or part of the body; to pull back
Example
The company retracted its earlier statement after realizing the error.
C1 noun /rɪˈsaɪtər/

reciter

朗诵者
Meaning
a person who recites or repeats something aloud from memory, especially poetry, prayers, or formal texts
Example
The reciter delivered the poem with clarity and emotion.
朗诵者清晰而富有感情地朗诵了这首诗。
C1 verb /rɪˈpiːl/

repeal

Meaning
To officially cancel or revoke a law or decision.
Example
The government decided to repeal the outdated law.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɪ.prə.kəl/

Reciprocal

互惠的; 相互的; 两方共同分享;
Meaning
given or done in return; mutual; shared equally by both parties;
Example
The two countries have a reciprocal trade agreement.
这两个国家有一个互惠的贸易协议。
C1 noun /ˈroʊz ˈwɔː.tər/

Rose-water

玫瑰水
Meaning
a flavored water made by steeping rose petals in water, used in cooking and cosmetics
Example
She added a few drops of rose-water to the dessert.
她在甜点中加入了几滴玫瑰水。
C1 adjective /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsənt/

reminiscent

唤起回忆的
Meaning
Tending to remind one of something; suggestive of something in the past.
Example
The smell of rain is reminiscent of my childhood in the village.
雨的气味让我想起了我在村里的童年。
C1 phrase ˈriː.dʒən.əl ˈfɔː.rəm

regional forum

地区论坛
Meaning
A meeting or conference where representatives from countries or organizations in a specific geographical area discuss issues of common interest.
Example
The Regional Forum discussed deforestation impacts.
地区论坛讨论了砍伐森林的影响。
C1 noun /ˈroʊdənt/

rodent

啮齿动物
Meaning
a small mammal such as a mouse, rat, or squirrel, characterized by constantly growing incisors
Example
The farmer set traps to catch the rodents in his barn.
农民设置了陷阱，以捕捉谷仓中的啮齿动物。
C1 adjective /rɪˈzɪstɪv/

resistive

电阻性
Meaning
tending to resist or oppose; in physics, relating to electrical resistance
Example
The material has resistive properties that slow down current flow.
该材料具有电阻特性，能够减慢电流流动。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkɒn.stɪ.tʃuːt/

reconstitute

重建
Meaning
to restore something to its original form or state; to reassemble
Example
The group was reconstituted after the leader returned.
该小组在领导人归来后重新组建。
C1 verb /ˈræʃənaɪz/

rationlize

合理化
Meaning
to justify or explain something with logical reasons, even if not appropriate or true
Example
He tried to rationlize his mistake by blaming the system.
他试图通过指责系统来合理化他的错误。
C1 verb /rɪˈsɜːrdʒ/

resurge

复兴
Meaning
To rise, increase, or become active again after a decline.
Example
Interest in traditional crafts has begun to resurge.
对传统手工艺的兴趣已经开始复兴。
C1 noun /rɪˈpɔːrtɪʒ/

reportage

报道
Meaning
the act of reporting news or describing events in the media
Example
The magazine is known for its detailed reportage of political issues.
这本杂志以其对政治问题的详细报道而闻名。
C1 verb /rɪˈpʌls/

repulse

击退 / 激起反感
Meaning
to drive back an attack or attacker by force; to cause intense dislike or disgust
Example
The army managed to repulse the enemy attack.
军队成功地击退了敌人的进攻。
C1 verb /riːl/

reel

跌倒 / 卷绕
Meaning
to lose balance and stagger; to wind or spin something onto a reel
Example
He reeled backward after being punched.
他被打后向后跌倒。
C1 verb /ˌriːɪmˈbɜːrs/

reimburse

报销
Meaning
to pay back money to someone who has spent it or lost it
Example
The company reimbursed him for travel expenses.
公司为他报销了旅行费用。
C1 verb /riˈdʒɔɪn/

rejoin

重新加入
Meaning
to join again or return to a group, place, or activity
Example
After a short break, she decided to rejoin the team.
短暂休息后，她决定重新加入团队。
C1 noun /rɪˈliːf treɪn/

Relief Train

救援列车
Meaning
a train that carries emergency supplies and aid to disaster-affected areas
Example
The relief train arrived with food and medical supplies for the flood victims.
救援列车带着食物和医疗物资抵达洪水灾区。
C1 adjective /ˈrɛvərənt/

reverent

虔诚的
Meaning
Showing deep and solemn respect.
Example
They listened to the speech in a reverent silence.
他们在虔诚的沉默中听取了演讲。
C1 verb /ˈrævɪdʒ/

ravage

摧毁
Meaning
to cause severe and extensive damage or destruction
Example
The hurricane ravaged the coastal villages.
飓风摧毁了沿海村庄。
C1 adjective rɪˈsɛʃ.ən.er.i

recessionary

衰退的
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by economic recession.
Example
Governments introduce policies to counter recessionary effects.
政府推出政策来应对衰退效应。
C1 verb /rɪˈsʌsɪteɪt/

resuscitate

Meaning
to revive someone from unconsciousness or apparent death
Example
The doctors tried to resuscitate the patient after the heart attack.
C1 verb /rɪˈdʒɛnəreɪt/

regenerate

再生
Meaning
to grow or produce again; to renew or restore
Example
The lizard can regenerate its lost tail.
蜥蜴可以再生它失去的尾巴。
C1 noun /ˌrɛfəˈrɛndəm/

referendum

公投
Meaning
a general vote by the population on a single political issue
Example
The government held a referendum on the new constitution.
政府就新宪法举行了公投。
C1 adjective /ˈraɪtfəl/

rightful

合法的
Meaning
having a legitimate or just claim; proper or lawful
Example
She is the rightful owner of the property.
她是该财产的合法所有者。
C1 adjective /rɪˈtɔːrɪkəl/

rhetorical

修辞的
Meaning
relating to the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing; often a question asked to make a point rather than get an answer
Example
He asked a rhetorical question during the debate.
他在辩论中提出了一个修辞性问题。
C1 noun /ˈræp.tʃər/

rapture

狂喜, 欣喜若狂
Meaning
A feeling of intense joy, delight, or ecstasy.
Example
She listened to the music in rapture.
她沉浸在音乐中，陶醉其中。
C1 verb /rɪˈtɔːrt/

retort

反驳
Meaning
To reply quickly or sharply, often in a witty or angry manner.
Example
He quickly retorted that he was not to blame.
他迅速回应说他没有错。
C1 noun /rɪˈflɛktər/

reflector

反射器
Meaning
A surface or device that reflects light, heat, or sound, often used to direct beams or improve visibility.
Example
The cyclist attached a red reflector to the back of his bike for safety.
骑自行车的人将一个红色反射器固定在他自行车的后面以确保安全。
C1 noun /ˈrem.nənt/

Remnant

残余
Meaning
a small remaining quantity of something; a piece of cloth left over after the main piece has been used
Example
Only a remnant of the ancient wall remains.
古老的墙只剩下残余。
C1 verb /rɪˈbʌt/

rebut

反驳
Meaning
to argue against or prove wrong; to refute
Example
The lawyer rebutted the false accusations with strong evidence.
律师用有力的证据反驳了虚假的指控。
C1 noun /ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.ər.i ˈbreɪk.θruː/

revolutionary breakthrough

革命性的突破
Meaning
A sudden, dramatic, and important discovery or development that changes everything.
Example
Robotic surgery is a revolutionary breakthrough in healthcare.
机器人手术是医疗领域的革命性突破。
C1 noun /rɪˈvɒl.vər/

Revolver

左轮手枪
Meaning
a pistol with revolving chambers enabling several shots to be fired without reloading
Example
The detective drew his revolver from its holster.
侦探从枪套中拔出了他的左轮手枪。
C1 noun /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsəns/

reminiscence

回忆
Meaning
a story or memory about past events
Example
He shared a reminiscence of his childhood days in the village.
他分享了他在村庄的童年时光的回忆。
C1 noun /riːk/

Reek

有臭味; 给人强烈的不愉快或不想要的印象
Meaning
to have a very unpleasant smell; to give a strong impression of something unpleasant or undesirable
Example
The garbage can reeks of rotten food.
垃圾桶有腐烂食物的臭味。
C1 adjective /rɪˈper.ə.bəl/

Repairable

可修复的
Meaning
able to be fixed or mended; capable of being repaired
Example
The broken phone is repairable with the right parts.
坏掉的手机可以用正确的部件修复。
C1 adjective, noun /rɪˈsiːvəbl/

receivable

应收款项
Meaning
Money that is owed to a company and is expected to be paid.
Example
The company's receivables increased significantly this quarter.
公司的应收账款在本季度大幅增加。
C1 adjective /ræmˈbʌŋk.ʃəs/

rambunctious

喧闹的
Meaning
boisterous, energetic, and difficult to control.
Example
The rambunctious children filled the house with noise.
那些喧闹的孩子让屋子充满了噪音。
C1 noun /ˈruːbrɪk/

rubric

评分标准 / 指南
Meaning
A set of instructions, rules, or a heading in a document, often used for grading criteria.
Example
The teacher provided a grading rubric for the assignment.
老师提供了一个作业评分标准。
C1 noun /rɪˈpraɪ.zəl/

Reprisal

报复
Meaning
an act of retaliation; revenge taken for an injury or wrong
Example
The attack was carried out as a reprisal for the earlier bombing.
此次攻击是作为对早期爆炸事件的报复而进行的。
C1 adjective /rɪˈpres.ɪv/

Repressive

压制性的
Meaning
restraining freedom or preventing self-expression; oppressive
Example
The repressive government banned all forms of protest.
压制性的政府禁止了所有形式的抗议。
C1 verb /rɪˈkɔɪl/

recoil

后退
Meaning
To suddenly spring back in fear, horror, or from force such as a gun's kickback.
Example
She recoiled at the sight of the snake.
她看到蛇时吓得后退。
C1 adjective /ˈræspi/

raspy

沙哑
Meaning
having a harsh, rough, or grating sound
Example
His raspy voice revealed years of smoking.
他的沙哑声音揭示了多年的吸烟。
C1 noun /ˈriːbeɪt/

rebate

折扣/退款
Meaning
a partial refund given to someone who has paid too much money for something
Example
The store offered a rebate on bulk purchases.
商店对大宗购买提供了折扣。
C1 noun /ˈreɪ.vən/

Raven

乌鸦
Meaning
a large, black bird with a thick bill and harsh croaking voice
Example
The raven perched on the old oak tree and cawed loudly.
那只乌鸦停在老橡树上大声地叫。
C1 noun /ˈruːdɪmənt/

rudiment

基础
Meaning
A basic principle, element, or fundamental part of something.
Example
He learned the rudiments of music before joining the band.
他在加入乐队之前学习了音乐的基础知识。
C1 adverb /rɪˈspek.tə.bli/

Respectably

以尊敬的方式; 体面地;
Meaning
in a way that is worthy of respect; decently; properly
Example
She was dressed respectably for the interview.
她为面试穿得体面。
C1 verb /ˈrɪdɪkjuːl/

ridicule

嘲笑
Meaning
To make fun of someone or something in a cruel or dismissive way.
Example
He was ridiculed for his strange ideas.
他因奇怪的想法而被嘲笑。
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.kɪʃ/

Rakish

俏皮
Meaning
having a dashing, jaunty, or slightly disreputable quality or appearance
Example
He wore his hat at a rakish angle that gave him a charming appearance.
他戴着一顶俏皮的帽子，给人一种迷人的感觉。
C1 noun /ˈriːkɔːrs/

recourse

求助，援助
Meaning
a source of help or protection in a difficult situation
Example
The students had no recourse but to appeal to the principal.
学生们除了向校长上诉外别无选择。
C1 adjective /ˈraʊ.di/

Rowdy

吵闹的; 无序的; 破坏性的
Meaning
disorderly; unruly; noisy and disruptive
Example
The rowdy children were making too much noise.
吵闹的孩子们制造了太多噪音。
C1 verb /rɪˈpjuː.di.eɪt/

repudiate

拒绝
Meaning
to refuse to accept, recognize, or support something
Example
He repudiated the claim that he was involved in the scandal.
他拒绝了他参与丑闻的说法。
C1 verb /rɪˈmjuːnəreɪt/

remunerate

支付
Meaning
To pay someone for services or work done.
Example
The company will remunerate employees fairly for their overtime.
公司将公平地支付员工的加班费。
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈproʊtʃ/

reproach

指责 / 批评
Meaning
An expression of disapproval or disappointment; to criticize someone for doing wrong.
Example
She reproached him for arriving late to the meeting.
她因迟到而责备了他。
C1 noun rɪˈdɛmpʃən

redemption

救赎
Meaning
The action of saving or being saved from sin, error, or evil.
Example
The story highlights the theme of redemption.
这个故事突出了救赎的主题。
C1 noun rɪˈdʌndənsi

redundancy

冗余，过剩
Meaning
The state of being not or no longer needed or useful; superfluousness.
Example
The redundancy in the company's workforce led to many layoffs.
公司员工中的冗余导致了大量裁员。
C1 noun ˈredʒ.ɪ.strɑːr

registrar

注册员
Meaning
An official responsible for keeping records or registers.
Example
The registrar oversees all administrative tasks.
注册员负责所有行政任务的监督。
C1 noun /rɪˈspɒndənt/

respondent

响应者
Meaning
A person who replies to something, especially in a survey or legal case
Example
The survey had over 1,000 respondents.
调查有超过1000名响应者。