predispose
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C1 verb /ˌpriːdɪˈspoʊz/

predispose

使...易患
Meaning
To make someone more likely to behave in a certain way or be affected by something.
Example
His genetics may predispose him to diabetes.
他的基因可能使他容易得糖尿病。
C1 noun /ˈpɛsəl/

pestle

杵
Meaning
A heavy tool with a rounded end used for crushing or grinding substances in a mortar.
Example
She used a pestle to grind the spices.
她使用杵来研磨香料。
C1 verb /prɪˈzaɪd/

preside

主持
Meaning
to be in charge of a meeting, event, or organization
Example
She will preside over the meeting tomorrow.
她明天将主持会议。
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːr.dən.ə.bəl/

Pardonable

可原谅的
Meaning
able to be forgiven; excusable
Example
His mistake was pardonable given the difficult circumstances.
他的错误是可以原谅的，鉴于困难的情况。
C1 noun /ˌprɒpəˈɡeɪʃən/

propagation

传播, 宣传
Meaning
The action of spreading and promoting an idea, theory, etc.
Example
The propagation of ideas through social media is rapid.
通过社交媒体传播思想的速度非常快。
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/

philanthropic

慈善的
Meaning
showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable
Example
She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.
她因在城市中的慈善活动而闻名。
C1 noun /ˈpær.ə.saɪt/

Parasite

寄生虫
Meaning
an organism that lives on or in another organism and benefits at its expense; a person who depends on others
Example
The dog was treated for intestinal parasites.
狗已经接受了肠道寄生虫的治疗。
C1 adjective /prəˈdɪdʒəs/

prodigious

惊人的
Meaning
remarkably or impressively great in extent, size, or degree
Example
The team made a prodigious effort to complete the project on time.
团队为按时完成项目做出了惊人的努力。
C1 noun /pɒˈstɛrɪti/

posterity

后代
Meaning
All future generations of people.
Example
The monument was built for the benefit of posterity.
这座纪念碑是为后代的利益而建造的。
C1 verb /prəˈkjʊər/

procure

采购
Meaning
to obtain something, especially with effort or difficulty
Example
They managed to procure enough supplies for the expedition.
他们设法为远征筹集到足够的物资。
C1 noun /pʌnˈdʒɑː.bi/

Punjabi

旁遮普
Meaning
a traditional long shirt worn in South Asia, typically loose-fitting
Example
He wore a white punjabi for the festival celebration.
他穿着白色的旁遮普参加节日庆典。
C1 noun /ˈpɑːrlər/

parlor

客厅，商店
Meaning
A sitting room in a private house, or a shop providing specified services.
Example
They welcomed the guests into the front parlor.
他们在前厅迎接了客人。
C1 adjective /pərˈmɪsəbl̩/

permissible

允许的
Meaning
allowed or permitted by rules or law
Example
It is permissible to park here after 6 p.m.
下午六点后可以在这里停车。
C1 adjective /ˈpeɪtrənaɪzɪŋ/

patronizing

居高临下
Meaning
showing kindness that is perceived as condescending or superior
Example
His patronizing tone offended the audience.
他的居高临下的语气冒犯了观众。
C1 noun /ˈpæl.ə.tə.bəl miːt/

Palatable meat

美味的肉类
Meaning
Meat that is pleasant to taste; appetizing meat dish
Example
The chef prepared palatable meat dishes for the dinner party.
厨师为晚宴准备了美味的肉类菜肴。
C1 noun /prəˈpoʊnənt/

proponent

支持者, 倡导者
Meaning
a person who advocates for or supports a particular idea, cause, or plan
Example
She is a strong proponent of renewable energy.
她是可再生能源的坚定支持者。
C1 noun /ˈpriː.tekst/

Pretext

借口
Meaning
a reason given in justification of a course of action that is not the real reason
Example
He used illness as a pretext to avoid the meeting.
他用生病作为借口来避开会议。
C1 adjective /ˈpəʊtəbl/

potable

可饮用的
Meaning
safe to drink; drinkable
Example
The villagers did not have access to potable water.
村民没有水源可以饮用。
C1 verb /ˈpɛdəl/

peddle

推销
Meaning
To sell goods, often by going from place to place; sometimes used negatively to mean promoting an idea or product in a pushy way.
Example
Street vendors peddle handmade jewelry to tourists.
街头小贩向游客出售手工珠宝。
C1 noun /ˈprɒmɪnəns/

prominence

声望
Meaning
The state of being important, famous, or easily noticed.
Example
Her work gained prominence after the award.
她的工作在获奖后获得了声望。
C1 noun ˌpraɪ.vɪ.taɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

privatization

私有化
Meaning
The transfer of a business, industry, or service from public to private ownership and control.
Example
The privatization of state-owned companies increased efficiency.
国有企业的私有化提高了效率。
C1 noun prɪˌsɪp.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən

precipitation

降水
Meaning
Rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to or condenses on the ground.
Example
Annual precipitation levels are decreasing.
年度降水量正在减少。
C1 noun /ˈpɪt.fɔːl/

pitfall

陷阱，困难
Meaning
a hidden or unexpected danger or difficulty
Example
Investors must be aware of the pitfalls of the market.
投资者必须意识到市场中的陷阱。
C1 noun /pəˈpaɪrəs/

papyrus

纸莎草
Meaning
An ancient writing material made from the pith of the papyrus plant; also refers to the plant itself.
Example
The ancient scroll was written on papyrus.
古老的卷轴是用纸莎草写的。
C1 noun /ˈpiː.hən/

Peahen

母孔雀
Meaning
female peacock
Example
The peahen is less colorful than the male peacock.
母孔雀比雄孔雀少了色彩。
C1 noun /prəˈpɛlər/

propeller

螺旋桨
Meaning
A mechanical device with blades that rotates to drive a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle forward.
Example
The airplane’s propeller cut through the air with great speed.
飞机的螺旋桨以极快的速度切割空气。
C1 adjective pərˈnɪʃəs

pernicious

有害的, 毁灭性的
Meaning
Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.
Example
The pernicious effects of smoking are well-documented.
吸烟的有害影响被充分记录。
C1 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən ˌflaʊ.ər/

Passion flower

激情花
Meaning
A climbing plant with intricate, colorful flowers; also refers to royal poinciana tree with red-orange blooms
Example
The passion flower vine covered the garden wall with beautiful blooms.
激情花藤用美丽的花朵覆盖了花园的墙壁。
C1 noun /ˈpræɡ.mə.tɪ.zəm/

pragmatism

实践主义
Meaning
A practical approach to problems and affairs; dealing with things sensibly and realistically.
Example
His pragmatism helped solve the financial crisis.
他的实践主义帮助解决了金融危机。
C1 noun /ˈsuːdənɪm/

pseudonym

笔名
Meaning
a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name
Example
Mark Twain was the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.
马克·吐温是塞缪尔·克莱门斯的笔名。
C1 noun /ˌpærəˈnɔɪə/

paranoia

一种不合理且持续的感觉，认为别人想要伤害你或一直在监视你
Meaning
an irrational and persistent feeling that people are 'out to get you' or are constantly watching you
Example
His constant paranoia made it hard for him to trust anyone.
他不断的偏执让他很难信任任何人。
C1 noun /ˈprɛəri/

prairie

大草原
Meaning
A large open area of grassland, especially in North America.
Example
The bison roamed freely across the prairie.
野牛在大草原上自由地游荡。
C1 noun /ˌfɪziˈɑːlədʒi/

physiology

生理学
Meaning
the scientific study of the functions and mechanisms in a living system
Example
She is majoring in human physiology at the university.
她在大学主修人体生理学。
C1 adjective /ˈplaɪəbəl/

pliable

柔韧的
Meaning
easily bent or flexible; adaptable
Example
The metal is pliable enough to be shaped into jewelry.
金属足够柔韧，可以被塑造成珠宝。
C1 adjective /ˈprevələnt/

Prevalent

普遍的
Meaning
widespread; existing very commonly; generally occurring
Example
Smoking is still prevalent among teenagers despite health warnings.
尽管有健康警告，青少年中仍然普遍吸烟。
C1 adjective /ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

physiological

与身体功能和活动相关
Meaning
Relating to bodily functions and activities.
Example
Exercise improves physiological functions of the body.
运动改善身体的生理功能。
C1 noun /pəˈraɪə/

pariah

弃儿
Meaning
An outcast; someone who is rejected by society or a social group.
Example
After the scandal, he became a social pariah.
丑闻过后，他成了一个社会弃儿。
C1 noun /ˌprɑːfɪˈtɪr/

profiteer

牟取暴利者
Meaning
a person who makes excessive profits, especially unfairly or illegally
Example
The government punished war profiteers.
政府惩罚了战争的牟取暴利者。
C1 noun/verb ˈpɪv.ət

pivot

战略转变，中心，过程改变
Meaning
A significant change in business strategy or direction.
Example
The company decided to pivot its business strategy.
公司决定调整其商业策略。
C1 noun prəˈfaʊnd ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

profound initiative

深远的倡议
Meaning
A deep, meaningful, and significant action or program designed to create change.
Example
A profound initiative can create sustainable changes.
一个深刻的倡议可以创造可持续的变化。
C1 noun /ˈpeɪtriɑːrk/

patriarch

家族长
Meaning
a male head of a family or tribe; an older respected man who leads a group
Example
As the family patriarch, he mediated disputes and kept long traditions alive.
作为家族长，他调解争端并保持着传统的延续。
C1 noun /prəˈvaɪzoʊ/

proviso

条件
Meaning
a condition or stipulation attached to an agreement
Example
He accepted the job offer with the proviso that he could work remotely twice a week.
他接受了工作邀请，前提是他每周可以远程工作两次。
C1 noun /ˈpælɪt/

pallet

平台
Meaning
a flat wooden platform used for moving or storing goods; also a makeshift bed
Example
The boxes were stacked on a wooden pallet for easy transport.
箱子被堆放在木托盘上以便于运输。
C1 adjective /ˈplɒd.ɪŋ/

plodding

缓慢且乏味
Meaning
slow-moving and unexciting; showing steady effort
Example
The movie was entertaining but a bit plodding in the middle.
这部电影很有趣，但中间有点缓慢且乏味。
C1 noun /ˈpɒ̃ʃɒ̃/

penchant

倾向
Meaning
a strong or habitual liking for something or tendency to do something
Example
She has a penchant for collecting rare books.
她有收集稀有书籍的倾向。
C1 noun /ˈplʌn.dər.ər/

Plunderer

掠夺者
Meaning
a person who steals goods, especially during war or civil disorder
Example
The plunderers ransacked the village after the battle.
掠夺者在战斗后劫掠了村庄。
C1 noun /ˈpraɪ.mər/ (US), /ˈprɪm.ər/ (UK)

primer

入门书籍，底漆
Meaning
A basic introductory book or a substance used to prepare a surface for painting.
Example
He read a primer on programming before starting his course.
他在开始他的课程之前，阅读了一本编程入门书籍。
C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

光合作用效率
Meaning
The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.
Example
Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.
提高光合作用效率可以增加作物产量。
C1 noun /ˌpɪɡ.menˈteɪ.ʃən/

pigmentation

色素沉着
Meaning
The natural coloring of animal or plant tissue.
Example
Excessive rubbing can cause pigmentation issues.
过度摩擦可能会导致色素沉着问题。
C1 adjective /pərˈtɜːrbd/

perturbed

不安的
Meaning
feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed
Example
He looked perturbed after hearing the bad news.
他听到坏消息后看起来很不安。
C1 noun /ˈprɒv.ɜːb/

Proverb

幸福
Meaning
a short saying that expresses a general truth or gives advice
Example
The proverb 'Early to bed, early to rise' teaches us about good habits.
当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 adjective, noun /ˈpæstərəl/

pastoral

乡村的，与牧羊人相关
Meaning
relating to the countryside, shepherds, or rural life; also relating to spiritual guidance by a pastor
Example
The painting had a calm pastoral scene with sheep grazing.
这幅画展示了一个安静的田园场景，羊群在吃草。
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrdʒəri/

perjury

伪证
Meaning
The offense of willfully telling an untruth in a court after taking an oath.
Example
She was convicted of perjury after giving false evidence.
她因在法庭上提供虚假证据而被判犯有伪证罪。
C1 noun /pəˈsweɪsɪvnes/

persuasiveness

说服力
Meaning
The quality of being good at persuading someone to do or believe something.
Example
Her persuasiveness convinced the team to follow her suggestions.
她的说服力使团队接受了她的建议。
C1 noun /ˈpɛdəstəl/

pedestal

基座 / 台座
Meaning
the base or support on which a statue or object stands
Example
The statue was placed on a marble pedestal.
雕像被放置在大理石基座上。
C1 adjective /ˈpæl.ɪd/

Pallid

苍白，特别是因为健康不好；缺乏实质或活力
Meaning
pale, especially because of poor health; lacking substance or vitality
Example
His pallid complexion showed signs of illness.
他苍白的面色显示出生病的迹象。
C1 adjective + noun ˌpaɪəˈnɪərɪŋ ˈmɪʃən

pioneering mission

开创性任务
Meaning
A groundbreaking or innovative undertaking that leads the way in a particular field.
Example
Artemis is a pioneering mission in space exploration.
阿耳忒弥斯是一次开创性的太空探索任务。
C1 noun /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/

plagiarism

剽窃
Meaning
the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own
Example
The student was expelled for committing plagiarism in his essay.
学生因在论文中剽窃被开除。
C1 adjective /ˈpɒs.tʃə.məs/

Posthumous

死后
Meaning
occurring or continuing after death; published after the author's death
Example
The author received a posthumous award for his last novel.
作者因其最后一部小说获得了死后奖项。
C1 verb /ˈprɒpəɡeɪt/

propagate

Meaning
To spread or transmit an idea, belief, or information widely; also to reproduce in plants or animals.
Example
Scientists work to propagate the species in captivity.
C1 verb /pərˈtɜːrb/

perturb

扰乱
Meaning
To disturb or unsettle greatly in mind.
Example
The sudden noise perturbed the students during the exam.
突如其来的噪音在考试期间干扰了学生。
C1 noun /pɔl/

Pall

覆盖在棺材上的布; 一层暗淡的覆盖物，创造出阴沉的氛围
Meaning
a cloth spread over a coffin; a dark covering that creates a gloomy atmosphere
Example
A pall of smoke hung over the burning building.
一层烟雾悬挂在燃烧的建筑物上方。
C1 verb /ˈpɪlfər/

pilfer

偷窃
Meaning
to steal things of small value or in small quantities
Example
The employee was caught pilfering office supplies.
员工在偷窃办公室用品时被抓住。
C1 adjective /prəˈvɒkətɪv/

provocative

挑衅的
Meaning
Intended to make people angry, excited, or interested.
Example
She wore a provocative dress to the party.
她穿了一件挑衅的衣服去参加派对。
C1 noun /fɪˈziːk/

physique

体型
Meaning
the form, size, and development of a person's body
Example
He has an athletic physique due to years of training.
他通过多年的训练有着运动员般的体型。
C1 adjective /pəˈrɛniəl/

perennial

常青
Meaning
lasting or existing for a long time, or recurring continually
Example
Climate change is a perennial concern for scientists.
气候变化是科学家的一个长期关注问题。
C1 adjective /pəˈrɪfərəl/

peripheral

外周的
Meaning
Relating to or situated on the edge or outer parts of something.
Example
The town is located on the peripheral area of the city.
这座城市位于城市的外周区域。
C1 noun /ˈpɔɪ.nən.si/

poignancy

悲伤, 痛苦
Meaning
the quality of evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret; emotionally touching
Example
The poignancy of the farewell brought tears to everyone's eyes.
告别的悲痛让每个人的眼睛都充满了泪水。
C1 adjective /ˈpɒp.jʊ.ləs/

Populous

人口众多
Meaning
having a large population; densely populated; crowded with people
Example
China is the most populous country in the world.
中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
C1 noun prɪˈzɜː.və.tɪvz

preservatives

防腐剂
Meaning
A substance used to preserve foodstuffs, wood, or other materials against decay.
Example
Many processed foods contain harmful preservatives.
许多加工食品含有有害的防腐剂。
C1 noun /ˌpɜːrmjuˈteɪʃən/

permutation

置换
Meaning
An arrangement or reordering of elements, often in mathematics or logic.
Example
The puzzle can be solved by trying all possible permutations of the tiles.
通过尝试所有可能的拼图块置换，可以解决这个难题。
C1 noun /ˈpɛnənt/

pennant

旗帜
Meaning
A tapering flag used for signaling or as an emblem of victory or achievement.
Example
The team raised the championship pennant proudly.
队伍骄傲地举起了冠军旗帜。
C1 adjective /praɪˈmiːvəl/

primeval

原始
Meaning
Relating to the earliest ages in history; ancient and primitive.
Example
The explorers ventured into the primeval forest untouched by humans.
探险者进入了未曾被人类触及的原始森林。
C1 adjective /ˈpɔːrəs/

porous

多孔的
Meaning
Having tiny holes that allow liquid or air to pass through.
Example
The soil is very porous and drains quickly.
土壤非常多孔，排水很快。
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪpɪs/

precipice

悬崖
Meaning
A very steep cliff or a situation of great danger.
Example
The hikers stood at the edge of the precipice, gazing into the valley below.
徒步旅行者站在悬崖边缘，凝视着下面的山谷。
C1 noun /ˈpɛndjələm/

pendulum

摆钟
Meaning
A weight suspended from a pivot so that it swings freely, often used to regulate clocks.
Example
The pendulum swung back and forth inside the clock.
钟摆在时钟内部来回摆动。
C1 adjective /pəˈleɪ.ʃəl/

palatial

宫殿般
Meaning
resembling a palace in being spacious and splendid
Example
They stayed in a palatial hotel during their vacation.
他们在度假时住在一间宫殿般的酒店里。
C1 noun /pəˈrɪfəri/

periphery

边缘
Meaning
The outer edge or boundary of an area or object.
Example
The soldiers were stationed at the periphery of the camp.
士兵们驻扎在营地的边缘。
C1 verb /praʊl/

prowl

悄悄走动（猎取或寻找）
Meaning
To move around quietly and secretly, especially while hunting or searching.
Example
The cat prowled around the garden at night.
猫在夜间悄悄地绕着花园走。
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrpətreɪt/

perpetrate

实施
Meaning
To commit or carry out, typically a harmful, illegal, or immoral act.
Example
The hackers perpetrated a massive cyber attack on the company.
黑客对公司进行了大规模的网络攻击。
C1 noun /ˈpetɪkoʊt/

Petti-coat

裙子内衬
Meaning
an undergarment worn by women under a dress or skirt
Example
She wore a white petticoat under her dress.
她穿着一条白色的衬裙在她的裙子下面。
C1 adjective /pəˈdæntɪk/

pedantic

过于关注细节或规则的人
Meaning
Excessively concerned with minor details or rules; overly academic or bookish.
Example
Her pedantic explanations made the lecture dull.
她的呗丹提克解释让讲座变得无聊。
C1 noun /pəˈrɪm.ɪ.tər/

perimeter

周长
Meaning
the continuous line forming the boundary of a closed geometric figure or area
Example
The soldiers guarded the perimeter of the camp.
士兵守卫着营地的周长。
C1 verb /ˈpoʊ.lə.raɪz/

polarize

极化
Meaning
to divide or cause to divide into two sharply contrasting groups or sets of opinions or beliefs
Example
The controversial decision polarized public opinion.
有争议的决定使公众意见分成了两个对立的阵营。
C1 noun /ˈpɒp.i siːdz/

Poppy Seeds

罂粟种子
Meaning
tiny round seeds from the poppy plant used as a spice or garnish in cooking
Example
Poppy seeds are sprinkled on top of breads and used in Bengali curries.
罂粟种子撒在面包上，并用于孟加拉咖喱中。
C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pi/

philanthropy

慈善事业
Meaning
the desire to promote the welfare of others, often expressed by the generous donation of money to good causes
Example
Philanthropy has helped improve healthcare in many developing countries.
慈善事业帮助改善了许多发展中国家的医疗保健。
C1 noun /ˈpɪntʃərz/

pinchers

钳子
Meaning
a tool used for gripping or squeezing objects
Example
Use the pinchers to remove the hot coal safely.
使用拼钳安全地取下热煤。
C1 noun /pəˈlɪɡ.ə.mi/

Polygamy

一夫多妻制
Meaning
the practice of marrying multiple spouses at the same time
Example
Polygamy is illegal in many countries around the world.
一夫多妻制在世界许多国家是非法的。
C1 noun/verb /pɔːr/

pore

毛孔 / 仔细研究
Meaning
As a noun: a tiny opening in the skin or surface. As a verb: to study something carefully.
Example
She pored over the documents for hours before making a decision.
她在做出决定之前，花了几个小时仔细查看文件。
C1 adjective /ˈprɪvi/

privy

秘密知识
Meaning
having access to secret or private knowledge
Example
She was privy to the confidential discussions.
她知道机密讨论。
C1 noun /ˌpiːdiˈætrɪks/

pediatrics

儿科学
Meaning
the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of children
Example
She decided to specialize in pediatrics after medical school.
她决定在医学学校后专攻儿科学。
C1 verb /pəˈruːz/

peruse

幸福
Meaning
to read something carefully and thoroughly; sometimes used to mean to browse casually
Example
She sat down to peruse the contract before signing it.
当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 noun /saɪˈkoʊsɪs/

psychosis

精神病
Meaning
A severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are impaired, leading to a loss of contact with reality.
Example
The patient was diagnosed with psychosis after experiencing hallucinations.
病人在经历了幻觉之后被诊断为精神病。
C1 noun /ˌpɜːrsɪˈkjuːʃn/

persecution

迫害
Meaning
the act of treating someone cruelly or unfairly because of their religion, race, or beliefs
Example
The persecution of minorities has been condemned worldwide.
对少数民族的迫害在全球范围内遭到谴责。
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrɡəˌtɔːri/

purgatory

Meaning
A place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven; a temporary condition of torment or suffering.
Example
After the accident, the long recovery felt like a kind of purgatory.
C1 noun /ˈpʌndɪt/

pundit

专家
Meaning
An expert in a particular subject or field who is frequently called upon to give opinions to the public.
Example
Political pundits debated the election results on television.
政治专家在电视上讨论了选举结果。
C1 adjective /ˈpɛtjʊlənt/

petulant

脾气坏
Meaning
Childishly sulky or bad-tempered.
Example
The child became petulant when denied more candy.
孩子因为没得到更多糖果而变得脾气坏。
C1 noun prɪˈdɪk.ə.mənt

predicament

困境
Meaning
A difficult, unpleasant, or embarrassing situation.
Example
Losing both jobs put him in a financial predicament.
失去两份工作让他陷入了财务困境。
C1 verb /ˈplʌm.ɪt/

plummet

快速垂直下落
Meaning
to fall straight down at high speed
Example
Stock prices plummeted after the sudden market crash.
股票价格在突如其来的市场崩盘后急剧下跌。
C1 noun /ˈpær.ə.kiːt/

Parakeet

鹦鹉
Meaning
a small colorful parrot with a long tail, often kept as a pet
Example
The green parakeet learned to say hello.
绿色鹦鹉学会了说你好。
C1 noun /ˈpleɪˌraɪt/

playwright

剧作家
Meaning
a person who writes plays
Example
Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all time.
莎士比亚被认为是历史上最伟大的剧作家。
C1 noun /ˈpraɪməsi/

primacy

优先权
Meaning
the state of being first in importance or authority
Example
The primacy of education cannot be denied.
教育的优先权不可否认。
C1 noun /ˈpɛndənt/

pendant

吊坠
Meaning
a piece of jewelry that hangs from a chain worn around the neck
Example
She wore a silver pendant around her neck.
她戴着一个银色的吊坠在脖子上。
C1 noun prəˈtɛk.ʃə.nɪ.zəm

protectionism

保护主义
Meaning
The theory or practice of shielding a country's domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports.
Example
The government's protectionism helped local businesses grow.
政府的保护主义帮助了本地企业的成长。
C1 noun /prəˈtruːʒən/

protrusion

突出部分
Meaning
Something that sticks out or projects from a surface.
Example
The protrusion on the wall made it difficult to move the furniture.
墙上的突出部分使得移动家具变得困难。
C1 noun /ˈproʊtəˌʒeɪ/

protege

门徒
Meaning
a person who is guided and supported by an older and more experienced person
Example
The young artist was the protege of a famous painter.
这位年轻艺术家是著名画家的门徒。
C1 verb /ˈpruːfˌriːd/

proofread

校对
Meaning
to read written material and mark any errors
Example
She proofread the report before submission.
她在提交前校对了报告。
C1 noun ˌpraɪɔːrɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən

prioritization

优先排序
Meaning
The action or process of deciding the relative importance or urgency of things.
Example
Effective prioritization ensures resources are used efficiently.
有效的优先排序确保资源得到有效利用。
C1 verb /ˈpɛtrɪfaɪ/

petrify

石化
Meaning
to make someone so frightened that they are unable to move or think; to turn into stone
Example
The loud noise petrified the little child.
大声的噪音让孩子石化了。
C1 noun ˈprɛvələns

prevalence

普遍性
Meaning
The fact or condition of being widespread; the extent to which something exists or occurs
Example
The prevalence of aging issues requires immediate attention.
老龄化问题的普遍性需要立即关注。
C1 adjective /pəˈmɪs.ɪv/

permissive

宽容的
Meaning
Allowing or characterized by great or excessive freedom of behavior; very lenient or indulgent.
Example
Permissive parenting can sometimes lead to a lack of discipline in children.
宽容的育儿方式有时可能导致孩子缺乏纪律。
C1 adjective /prəˈvoʊkɪŋ/

Provoking

挑衅的
Meaning
causing anger or strong reaction; irritating; stimulating
Example
His provoking comments made everyone angry.
他挑衅的评论让每个人都生气了。
C1 adjective /prəˈfjuːs/

profuse

丰富的
Meaning
existing or given in large amounts; abundant
Example
He offered profuse thanks for their timely help.
他为他们及时的帮助表示了丰富的感谢。
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈmer.ɪ.kən/

Pan-American

泛美洲的
Meaning
relating to all the countries of North, Central, and South America
Example
The Pan-American Games bring together athletes from across the continent.
泛美洲运动会将整个大陆的运动员汇聚在一起。
C1 noun /ˌpɑːrʃiˈæləti/

partiality

偏袒
Meaning
an unfair preference or bias toward one side or person
Example
The judge was criticized for showing partiality in the case.
法官因在案件中表现出偏袒而受到批评。
C1 noun /ˈpɜːʃən/

Persian

伊朗人或说波斯语的人
Meaning
a native or inhabitant of Iran; the language spoken in Iran (Farsi)
Example
The Persian language has a rich literary history.
波斯语有着丰富的文学历史。
C1 adjective /prəˈhɪbɪtɪv/

prohibitive

过高的
Meaning
Too high or expensive to be affordable; serving to prevent or discourage action.
Example
The cost of the medication is prohibitive for many families.
药物的费用对于许多家庭来说是过高的。
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.ni/

puny

虚弱的
Meaning
Small, weak, or insignificant.
Example
He felt puny compared to his stronger classmates.
与他更强大的同学相比，他感觉自己很虚弱。
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪdəns/ or /prɪˈsiːdəns/

precedence

优先
Meaning
the condition of being considered more important than someone or something else; priority
Example
Safety takes precedence over speed in this factory.
在这个工厂中，安全优先于速度。
C1 noun /ˈprɒspɛktər/

prospector

矿产勘探员
Meaning
a person who searches for mineral deposits, especially gold
Example
The prospector spent years in the mountains searching for gold.
矿产勘探员花了多年在山中寻找黄金。
C1 noun /ˈpæs.ɪ.fɪst/

pacifist

和平主义者
Meaning
a person who believes in peace and opposes war or violence
Example
She is a committed pacifist who campaigns against armed conflict.
她是一个坚定的和平主义者，致力于反对武装冲突。