pharmacopoeia
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C2 noun /ˌfɑːrməkəˈpiːə/

pharmacopoeia

药典
Meaning
An official book listing medicinal drugs, their effects, and directions for use.
Example
The doctor referred to the pharmacopoeia to check the drug's proper dosage.
医生查阅了药典，以核对药物的正确剂量。
C2 verb /ʌnˈkloʊð/

unclothe

脱衣; 脱掉衣服
Meaning
to remove clothing from someone or something
Example
The nurse helped unclothe the patient for the examination.
护士帮助病人脱衣进行检查。
C2 noun /əˈdjuː/

adieu

Meaning
A farewell or goodbye, often used in a formal or poetic sense.
Example
She bid her friends adieu before leaving for France.
C2 noun /ˈluː.məˌnɛr.i/

luminary

杰出人物
Meaning
A person who inspires or influences others, especially in a particular field.
Example
He is considered a luminary in the world of science.
他被认为是科学界的杰出人物。
C2 noun /ˈplɔːdɪts/

plaudits

赞扬
Meaning
expressions of praise or approval
Example
The scientist received plaudits from the international community.
这位科学家得到了国际社会的赞扬。
C2 adjective /sɛnˈsɔːriəs/

censorious

过分挑剔
Meaning
severely critical of others
Example
She was always censorious about her colleagues' mistakes.
她总是对同事们的错误非常挑剔。
C2 verb /ˈpɛtɪˌfɒɡ/

pettifog

争论琐碎的事情
Meaning
to argue or quibble over trivial matters; to engage in petty, dishonest practices
Example
The lawyer was accused of trying to pettifog instead of addressing the real issue.
律师被指控试图争论琐碎的事情，而不是解决真正的问题。
C2 noun /ˈswɑːvɪti/

suavity

优雅与魅力
Meaning
smoothness and charm in manner
Example
His suavity made him popular in social gatherings.
他的优雅与魅力使他在社交聚会中很受欢迎。
C2 noun /əbˈsɪdiən/

obsidian

黑曜石 (黑色的玻璃状火山岩)
Meaning
A hard, dark, glasslike volcanic rock formed by rapid solidification of lava.
Example
The knife was made from sharp obsidian.
刀是由锋利的黑曜石制成的。
C2 noun /ˌænɪmædˈvɜːʒən/

animadversion

批评
Meaning
Strong criticism or censure.
Example
The policy attracted severe animadversion from the public.
该政策遭到公众的严厉批评。
C2 adjective /ˌmæləˈdrɔɪt/

maladroit

笨拙
Meaning
clumsy or awkward in movement or behavior
Example
His maladroit attempt at fixing the chair made it worse.
他修理椅子的笨拙尝试只让事情变得更糟。
C2 adjective /ˌhaɪpərˈkrɪtɪkl/

hypercritical

过度批评的
Meaning
Excessively or unreasonably critical.
Example
The teacher was often hypercritical of small mistakes.
老师经常对小错误过度批评。
C2 noun /blɑːtʃ/

blotch

污点
Meaning
a large, irregular spot or stain, often on skin or fabric
Example
His shirt had a red blotch from the spilled juice.
他的衬衫上有一个红色的污点，是由洒出的果汁造成的。
C2 verb /bɪˈfʌdəl/

befuddle

使困惑
Meaning
to confuse someone completely; to make someone unable to think clearly
Example
The complex instructions befuddled the students.
复杂的指示使学生感到困惑。
C2 verb /bɪˈleɪ/

belay

固定绳索
Meaning
to secure a rope by winding it around an object; to stop or cancel an order (nautical/military use)
Example
The climber asked his partner to belay the rope tightly.
攀岩者要求他的搭档紧紧地固定绳索。
C2 noun /ˌniːoʊˈpeɪɡənɪzəm/

neopaganism

新异教主义
Meaning
Modern religious movements influenced by or claiming to be derived from the various historical pagan beliefs of pre-modern Europe.
Example
Neopaganism has gained popularity as people seek spiritual alternatives to mainstream religions.
新异教主义已获得越来越多的关注，因为人们正在寻找主流宗教的精神替代品。
C2 adjective /ˌæpəˈplɛktɪk/

apoplectic

愤怒的
Meaning
Extremely angry; furious.
Example
He was apoplectic when he heard about the unfair decision.
当他听到关于不公正决定的消息时，他愤怒得几乎要爆炸。
C2 noun /ˈrɪɡməˌroʊl/

rigmarole

麻烦事
Meaning
a long, complicated, and confusing process or story
Example
Getting a visa was such a rigmarole of paperwork and interviews.
获得签证是一个繁琐的文书工作和面试过程。
C2 adjective /ˈpjuːɪsənt/

puissant

强大的
Meaning
having great power or influence; mighty
Example
The king was a puissant ruler whose word was law.
国王是一个强大的统治者，他的话就是法律。
C2 noun /ˈɡraɪndstoʊn/

grindstone

磨刀石
Meaning
a thick disc of stone used for grinding, sharpening, or polishing tools
Example
The blacksmith sharpened his blade on the grindstone.
铁匠在磨刀石上磨快了他的刀片。
C2 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈwiːnɪŋ/

overweening

过度自负
Meaning
excessively arrogant or prideful
Example
His overweening pride cost him many friends.
他过度的自豪让他失去了许多朋友。
C2 noun /ˈlɪɡ.ə.tʃər/

ligature

连字
Meaning
A thing used for tying or binding tightly; in music/printing, two or more notes or letters joined together.
Example
The doctor used a ligature to stop the bleeding.
医生使用了连字来停止出血。
C2 verb /ˈkælvɪnaɪz/

calvinize

用加尔文主义的原则使人信服
Meaning
to imbue with the principles or doctrines of Calvinism
Example
The preacher sought to calvinize the community with strict teachings.
传教士试图通过严格的教义来将社区加尔文化。
C2 noun /ˈvaɪəl/

viol

一种古老的弦乐器
Meaning
A stringed musical instrument of the Renaissance and Baroque periods, played with a bow and similar to but distinct from the violin family.
Example
The musician played an old viol in the chamber music concert.
音乐家在室内音乐会中演奏了一把古老的维奥尔。
C2 noun /ˈfeɪ.tə.lɪ.zəm/

fatalism

宿命论
Meaning
the belief that all events are predetermined and inevitable
Example
He embraced fatalism, believing that nothing he did could change his destiny.
他接受了宿命论，相信无论他做什么，都无法改变他的命运。
C2 noun /ˈhɛdʒɪrə/ or /hɪˈdʒaɪrə/

hegira

迁徙, 流亡
Meaning
a journey, especially when undertaken to escape from a dangerous or undesirable situation
Example
The refugees began their hegira across the desert.
难民们开始了穿越沙漠的迁徙。
C2 noun /sɒp/

sop

Meaning
a concession or appeasement to pacify someone; also a piece of bread dipped in liquid
Example
The manager offered a bonus as a sop to the unhappy employees.
C2 verb /ɪnˈtɜːrpəˌleɪt/

interpolate

插入
Meaning
To insert something, often words, into a text or conversation; to estimate values between known data points.
Example
The editor interpolated a missing paragraph into the manuscript.
编辑在手稿中插入了一个缺失的段落。
C2 verb /ˌæntɪˈsiːd/

antecede

先来
Meaning
to come before in time or order
Example
A short introduction usually antecedes the main text.
简短的介绍通常先于正文。
C2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒvɪdənt/

improvident

缺乏远见
Meaning
Not having or showing foresight; spending wastefully or without thought for the future.
Example
His improvident habits left him with no savings.
他缺乏远见的习惯让他没有积蓄。
C2 noun /ˈklævɪkəl/

clavicle

锁骨
Meaning
the collarbone, a long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and the sternum
Example
He fractured his clavicle in the accident.
他在事故中断了锁骨。
C2 noun /ˌhoʊ.mi.oʊˈsteɪ.sɪs/

homeostasis

体内平衡，由生理过程维持的生理稳定性
Meaning
The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
Example
The human body maintains homeostasis through temperature regulation.
人体通过温度调节维持同态稳态。
C2 noun /prəˈlɪksɪti/

prolixity

冗长
Meaning
the quality of being tediously wordy and long
Example
The book’s prolixity made it difficult to read in one sitting.
这本书的冗长使得在一次阅读中读完变得困难。
C2 noun /ˈræɡəmʌfɪn/

ragamuffin

破烂的孩子
Meaning
A person, typically a child, in ragged, dirty clothes.
Example
The little ragamuffin begged for food on the street.
那个小破烂的孩子在街上乞讨食物。
C2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈstraɪd/

overstride

跨越大步走
Meaning
To stride over something; to step across with long steps.
Example
He managed to overstride the narrow stream with ease.
他轻松地跨越了狭窄的溪流。
C2 adjective /ˈpæsɪbəl/

passible

能够感知; 易受痛苦
Meaning
capable of feeling or suffering; susceptible to sensation or emotion (often theological)
Example
In some traditions, deities are described as passible, sharing human emotions.
在一些传统中，神被描述为能够感知，分享人类情感。
C2 verb /ˈhɑːrpɪŋ/

harping

不断抱怨
Meaning
continuously talking or complaining about something in a tiresome way
Example
She kept harping on about the mistakes I made.
她不断抱怨我做的错事。
C2 noun ˌæb.əˈreɪ.ʃən

aberration

偏差, 异常, 偏离
Meaning
A departure from what is normal, usual, or expected, typically one that is unwelcome.
Example
The scientist dismissed the data as an aberration.
科学家将这些数据视为一个偏差。
C2 noun /pəˈlɛmɪk/

polemic

激烈的抨击
Meaning
a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something
Example
The article was a fierce polemic against the government's policies.
这篇文章是对政府政策的激烈抨击。
C2 verb /bɪˈleɪt/

belate

耽搁
Meaning
to delay or make late
Example
Heavy traffic belated our arrival at the party.
交通繁忙导致我们到达聚会时迟到。
C2 verb /ˈbækbaɪt/

backbite

背后说坏话
Meaning
to speak negatively about someone who is not present; to slander behind someone’s back
Example
It is wrong to backbite your colleagues behind their backs.
在背后说同事的坏话是不对的。
C2 noun/adjective /ˈsaɪklɔɪd/

cycloid

摆线
Meaning
a curve traced by a point on the rim of a circle as it rolls along a straight line
Example
The cycloid is often studied in mathematics and physics.
摆线常在数学和物理学中研究。
C2 noun /ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn/

perturbation

扰动
Meaning
A state of anxiety, disturbance, or disorder.
Example
The announcement caused a perturbation in the financial markets.
公告导致了金融市场的扰动。
C2 adjective /ˈkeəwɔːn/

careworn

疲惫且忧虑
Meaning
Showing signs of worry, stress, or exhaustion.
Example
His careworn face revealed years of struggle.
他那张疲惫的脸显示了多年的挣扎。
C2 verb /ˈtɛmpəˌraɪz/

temporize

拖延
Meaning
To delay making a decision or taking action in order to gain time.
Example
The politician temporized when asked about the controversial issue.
政治家在被问及争议问题时拖延了决策。
C2 noun /ˌmæk.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Machination

阴谋; 诡计;
Meaning
a clever scheme or artful plot, usually with evil intent; crafty designing or plotting
Example
The villain's machinations were finally exposed.
坏蛋的阴谋最终暴露了。
C2 noun ˌæɡ.roʊ.iˈkɒl.ə.dʒi

agroecology

农业生态学
Meaning
A scientific discipline that studies agricultural systems by applying ecological concepts and principles.
Example
Agroecology promotes eco-friendly farming.
农业生态学促进环保农业。
C2 adjective /səˈpʌlkrəl/

sepulchral

与墓葬相关，阴森的
Meaning
Relating to a tomb or burial; gloomy, dismal.
Example
The abandoned house had a sepulchral silence about it.
废弃的房子弥漫着墓葬般的寂静。
C2 noun /ˈoʊvərlɔːrd/

overlord

领主
Meaning
A ruler, master, or person of great power and authority over others.
Example
The peasants were forced to pay taxes to their overlord.
农民被迫向他们的领主交税。
C2 noun /bəˈnæləti/

banality

平凡
Meaning
The condition of being unoriginal, boring, or obvious; trite remark or quality.
Example
The speech was criticized for its banality and lack of originality.
这篇演讲因其平凡和缺乏原创性而受到批评。
C2 adjective /krɪˈpʌskjʊlər/

crepuscular

与黄昏相关
Meaning
relating to twilight or active during twilight
Example
Bats are crepuscular animals, most active at dawn and dusk.
蝙蝠是黄昏活动的动物，在黎明和黄昏时最活跃。
C2 noun /ˈsiːkənt/

secant

割线
Meaning
A straight line that intersects a curve at two or more points.
Example
In geometry, a secant cuts the circle at two distinct points.
在几何学中，割线在两个不同的点上切割圆形。
C2 noun /ˈbiːtənd raɪs/

Beatened rice

拍打米
Meaning
flattened rice; rice that has been parboiled, dried, and beaten into flat flakes
Example
Beaten rice is commonly eaten with milk and sugar for breakfast.
拍打米常与牛奶和糖一起食用作为早餐。
C2 adjective /ˈtaɪmwɔːrn/

timeworn

被时间磨损
Meaning
Worn or impaired by age; old and used many times.
Example
The timeworn house carried a sense of history and nostalgia.
被时间磨损的房子带着历史和怀旧的感觉。
C2 verb /dʒɪr/

jeer

嘲笑
Meaning
to laugh at someone or something in a cruel or mocking way
Example
The crowd began to jeer at the opposing team.
人群开始对对方球队嘲笑。
C2 adjective /ˈfɔːnɪŋ/

fawning

过分的恭维
Meaning
displaying exaggerated flattery or affection
Example
Her fawning compliments made everyone uncomfortable.
她过分的恭维让每个人都感到不自在。
C2 noun /bɪˈnɪɡnɪti/

Benignity

仁慈；温柔；仁爱或优雅的品质
Meaning
kindness; gentleness; the quality of being benign or gracious
Example
Her benignity towards all people made her beloved by everyone.
她对所有人的仁慈使她受到所有人的喜爱。
C2 adjective /paɪd/

pied

花色的
Meaning
having two or more different colors, typically in blotches
Example
The pied cat had black and white patches all over its body.
这只斑猫身上有黑白色的斑点。
C2 noun əˌmæl.ɡəˈmeɪ.ʃən

amalgamation

融合, 合并, 综合
Meaning
The action, process, or result of combining or uniting.
Example
The amalgamation of AI and big data is transforming industries.
人工智能和大数据的融合正在改变行业。
C2 adjective /ˌænθrəpəˈmɔːrfəs/

anthropomorphous

人形的
Meaning
having the form or attributes of a human
Example
The statue had an anthropomorphous shape resembling a human.
这座雕像有着类似人类的形状。
C2 noun /ˈɪmɪˌteɪtər/

imitator

模仿者
Meaning
a person who copies the behavior, style, or actions of others
Example
He became famous as an imitator of popular singers.
他因模仿流行歌手而出名。
C2 verb /ˈæd.l̩/

addle

迷惑
Meaning
To confuse or muddle someone’s mind.
Example
The complicated instructions only served to addle him.
复杂的指令只会让他感到困惑。
C2 noun /ˈækəlaɪt/

acolyte

Meaning
a follower or assistant, especially in a religious service or as a devoted supporter of a leader
Example
The senator arrived with a small group of acolytes who handled the press.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɜːrstɪs/

interstice

缝隙
Meaning
a small space that lies between things
Example
Light filtered through the narrow interstices of the wall.
光线透过墙壁的狭窄缝隙照射进来。
C2 noun /ˌbræɡəˈdoʊʃioʊ/

braggadocio

吹嘘行为
Meaning
boastful or arrogant behavior; empty boasting
Example
His endless braggadocio annoyed everyone at the party.
他无休止的吹嘘行为让派对上的每个人都感到厌烦。
C2 noun /ˈpɛdɪmənt/

pediment

三角山墙
Meaning
a triangular gable found above the horizontal structure of a building, often in classical architecture
Example
The ancient temple had a pediment decorated with sculptures.
古老的寺庙有一个装饰着雕塑的山墙。
C2 noun /ˈstætɪks/

statics

静力学
Meaning
The branch of mechanics dealing with bodies at rest and forces in equilibrium.
Example
She is studying statics as part of her engineering course.
她正在学习静力学，作为她工程课程的一部分。
C2 verb /rɪˈkjʊə/

recure

再次治疗
Meaning
to cure again; to remedy a second time
Example
The doctor had to recure the wound after it reopened.
医生必须重新治疗伤口，因为它又重新打开了。
C2 noun /ˈklærɪən/

Clarion

号角
Meaning
a shrill narrow-tubed war trumpet; a medieval trumpet with a clear piercing tone
Example
The clarion sounded across the battlefield to signal the charge.
号角在战场上响起，标志着进攻的信号。
C2 verb /ɪˈkwɪvəˌkeɪt/

equivocate

含糊其辞
Meaning
To speak ambiguously or avoid giving a clear answer.
Example
The politician equivocated when asked about the scandal.
那位政治家在被问及丑闻时含糊其辞。
C2 verb /bɪˈleɪbə/

belabour

过分强调
Meaning
to explain something repeatedly or with excessive detail; to criticize or attack verbally at length
Example
The teacher did not belabour the point once the students understood it.
当学生已经理解后，老师没有过分强调这一点。
C2 adjective /fjuːˈnɪəriəl/

funereal

葬礼的
Meaning
having the mournful, somber character of a funeral
Example
The room was filled with a funereal silence after the announcement.
宣布后，房间里充满了葬礼般的沉默。
C2 noun /sɜːrˈsiːs/

surcease

停止
Meaning
a temporary or final ending or stopping of something
Example
The noise finally came to a surcease after midnight.
噪音在午夜后终于停止了。
C2 noun /ˈsɪkəfənt/

sycophant

阿谀奉承者
Meaning
A person who acts obsequiously toward someone important in order to gain advantage.
Example
The manager was surrounded by sycophants who agreed with everything he said.
经理被一群拍马屁的人包围，他们同意他说的每一件事。
C2 noun /ˈkwaɪəˌtuːd/

quietude

宁静
Meaning
A state of stillness and tranquility.
Example
She enjoys the quietude of the countryside.
她享受乡村的宁静。
C2 noun /ˈbreɪziər/

Brazier

黄铜工人
Meaning
a worker in brass; a portable container for burning charcoal or coal
Example
The brazier crafted beautiful brass ornaments.
这个黄铜工人制作了美丽的黄铜饰品。
C2 noun, adjective /nɒn ˈkɒmbətənt/

non-combatant

非战斗人员
Meaning
a person not engaged in fighting during a war, such as civilians or medical staff
Example
The Red Cross workers were treated as non-combatants in the conflict.
红十字会的工作人员在冲突中被视为非战斗人员。
C2 noun /ˌdɪsəˈvaʊəl/

disavowal

否认
Meaning
the denial of any responsibility, connection, or support
Example
The politician issued a firm disavowal of the controversial remarks.
该政治家对有争议的言论发表了强烈的否认。
C2 noun /nɪb/

nib

钢笔尖
Meaning
the pointed end of a pen used for writing or drawing
Example
He dipped the nib into the ink before writing.
他在写字之前把钢笔尖浸入墨水中。
C2 noun /ɡæsˈtraɪtɪs/

gastritis

胃炎
Meaning
Inflammation of the lining of the stomach.
Example
The doctor diagnosed him with gastritis after his endoscopy.
医生在他的内窥镜检查后诊断为胃炎。
C2 noun /lɪnt/

lint

棉絮
Meaning
small soft fibers that come off cloth, often found in dryers or on clothes
Example
There was lint all over his black shirt after the wash.
洗完后，他的黑衬衫上有棉絮。
C2 noun /ɪmˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Impiety

亵渎
Meaning
lack of piety or reverence, especially for a god; disrespect or irreverence toward religious matters
Example
His impiety shocked the religious community when he mocked their sacred ceremonies.
他的不敬让宗教团体震惊，当他嘲笑他们的神圣仪式时。
C2 adjective /ˈwɪspi/

wispy

细薄而脆弱
Meaning
Thin, delicate, and weak in appearance or form.
Example
Her wispy hair blew gently in the breeze.
她那细薄的头发在微风中轻轻飘动。
C2 noun /ˈoʊ.vər.let/

Overlet

床垫
Meaning
a thin mattress or pad placed over a bed for additional comfort
Example
The overlet makes the bed more comfortable to sleep on.
欧弗雷特使床铺更适合睡觉。
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrvjuː/

purview

范围
Meaning
the scope or range of authority, responsibility, or knowledge
Example
The case does not fall within the purview of this court.
这个案件不在这个法院的管辖范围内。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.tə.bəl/

inequitable

不公平
Meaning
Not fair or just; lacking in fairness or equality.
Example
The distribution of resources was inequitable among the workers.
资源的分配在工人之间是不公平的。
C2 verb /dʒɛˈstɪkjʊleɪt/

gesticulate

手势表达
Meaning
to use gestures, especially dramatic ones, instead of speaking or to emphasize one's words
Example
He gesticulated wildly to get their attention.
他疯狂地做着手势，以引起他们的注意。
C2 adjective /ˈvɪrəl/

virile

男性化
Meaning
having traditionally masculine qualities, such as strength, energy, and sexual vigor
Example
The actor was admired for his virile appearance.
演员因其男性化的外貌而受到赞赏。
C2 noun /ɪkˈstɛnsər/

extensor

伸肌
Meaning
a muscle that serves to extend or straighten a limb or part of the body.
Example
The extensor muscles in the arm help straighten the elbow.
手臂的伸肌帮助伸直肘部。
C2 noun /ˈkloʊðiər/

clothier

服装商
Meaning
a person or company that makes, sells, or deals in clothes.
Example
The town’s clothier displayed fine suits in his shop window.
城里的服装商在他的店窗里展示了精美的西装。
C2 adjective /ˈɡʌstəˌtɔːri/

gustatory

味觉的
Meaning
relating to the sense of taste
Example
The restaurant offered a gustatory experience unlike any other.
餐厅提供了与众不同的味觉体验。
C2 noun /ˈɪndələns/

indolence

懒惰
Meaning
Avoidance of activity or exertion; laziness.
Example
His indolence kept him from finishing the project on time.
他的懒惰使他无法按时完成项目。
C2 noun /vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd/

vicissitude

生活的变迁
Meaning
A natural change or succession of one thing to another; the ups and downs of life.
Example
The vicissitude of life often teaches resilience.
生活的变迁常常教会人们适应力。
C2 verb /ˈhɛnˌpɛk/

henpeck

Meaning
To continually criticize, nag, or dominate (especially a husband).
Example
He felt henpecked by his overly controlling wife.
C2 adjective /ˌæktʃuˈɛəriəl/

actuarial

精算的
Meaning
Relating to actuaries or their work of analyzing financial risk and uncertainty, especially in insurance and pensions.
Example
The company relied on actuarial reports to set insurance premiums.
公司依赖精算报告来设定保险费率。
C2 verb /ˈdʒæbər/

jabber

胡言乱语
Meaning
To talk quickly and excitedly but with little sense.
Example
The children jabbered happily after the show.
孩子们在表演后快乐地胡言乱语。
C2 noun /ˈrɪvjʊlət/

rivulet

小溪
Meaning
a small stream of water; a tiny brook
Example
A rivulet ran down the hillside after the rain.
雨后，一条小溪从山坡上流下来。
C2 adjective /ˈrɛpərəbəl/

reparable

可修复的
Meaning
able to be repaired or fixed
Example
The damage to the car was serious but still reparable.
汽车的损坏很严重，但仍然是可修复的。
C2 noun /næˈteɪʃən/

natation

游泳
Meaning
The act or sport of swimming.
Example
She took lessons in natation to improve her swimming skills.
她参加了游泳课程，以提高她的游泳技巧。
C2 verb /ɪˈfjuːz/

effuse

表达
Meaning
To pour out or express feelings freely and openly.
Example
She effused gratitude for the help she received.
她表达了对收到帮助的感激之情。
C2 noun /ˈbʊlwərk/

bulwark

防线
Meaning
A strong wall or defensive structure; something that provides protection or support.
Example
The fortress walls served as a bulwark against enemy attacks.
堡垒的墙壁作为抵御敌人攻击的防线。
C2 noun /sʌbˈɔːl.tən/

subaltern

处于下级职位的人；在军队中，初级军官
Meaning
A person holding a subordinate position; in the military, a junior officer.
Example
The subaltern was responsible for leading a small platoon of soldiers.
下级军官负责指挥一个小型士兵排。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈlɛtəd/

unlettered

文盲
Meaning
lacking education or the ability to read and write; illiterate
Example
The unlettered villagers relied on oral traditions to preserve their history.
那些文盲村民依赖口头传统来保存他们的历史。
C2 noun /ˌdʒʊərɪsˈpruːdəns/

jurisprudence

法学
Meaning
The theory, philosophy, or science of law.
Example
She is a professor of jurisprudence at the university.
她是大学里的法学教授。
C2 noun /əˈspɜːr.ʒən/

aspersion

诽谤
Meaning
An attack on the reputation or integrity of someone.
Example
He cast an aspersion on her character.
他对她的性格进行了诽谤。
C2 noun /ˈklæpər/

clapper

钟内的金属部件，敲击钟体发出声音
Meaning
The free-swinging metal piece inside a bell that strikes it to produce sound.
Example
The clapper inside the bell was broken.
钟内的金属部件坏了。
C2 noun /ˈduːti/

Dhuti

杜提
Meaning
a traditional Indian garment for men consisting of a piece of unstitched cloth worn around the waist and legs
Example
The elderly man wore a white dhuti during the religious ceremony.
老人穿着白色杜提参加宗教仪式。
C2 adjective /əˈbɪs.əl/

abyssal

深海的
Meaning
Related to or characteristic of the deep ocean, especially the zone below 4000 meters.
Example
Abyssal creatures survive in extreme pressure conditions.
深渊生物在极端压力条件下生存。
C2 adjective /ˈæn.ə.daɪn/

anodyne

无害的，缓解疼痛的
Meaning
Not likely to cause offense; bland or harmless. Also refers to something that relieves pain.
Example
The speaker’s anodyne remarks avoided controversy.
演讲者的无害评论避免了争议。
C2 adjective /krʌˈsteɪʃəs/

crustaceous

有硬壳的
Meaning
relating to or having a hard shell like a crustacean
Example
The scientist studied the crustaceous fossils.
科学家研究了有硬壳的化石。
C2 verb /ænˈtɪpəθaɪz/

antipathize

反感
Meaning
to feel or express a strong dislike or aversion toward something or someone
Example
He seemed to antipathize with the new management's approach.
他似乎对新管理方法持反感态度。
C2 noun /ˈbɑːr.kəˌroʊl/

barcarole

巴尔卡罗尔
Meaning
a traditional Venetian boat song, often in 6/8 time
Example
The orchestra played a beautiful barcarole that reminded me of Venice.
乐团演奏了一首美丽的巴尔卡罗尔，令我想起了威尼斯。
C2 noun /ˈspɛndˌθrɪft/

spendthrift

挥霍者
Meaning
A person who spends money extravagantly or wastefully.
Example
The young prince was known as a spendthrift, wasting his fortune on lavish parties.
年轻的王子被称为挥霍者，浪费他的钱财在奢华的派对上。
C2 noun, verb /ˈbɛvəl/

bevel

斜面
Meaning
A sloping edge or surface; to cut or shape an edge at an angle.
Example
The carpenter beveled the edges of the table.
木匠将桌子的边缘斜切。
C2 noun ˈɔː.tɑː.ki

autarky

自给自足, 经济独立
Meaning
Economic independence or self-sufficiency; a policy of establishing a self-sufficient national economy.
Example
Some nations aim for autarky to reduce reliance on imports.
一些国家通过减少对进口的依赖，追求自给自足。
C2 verb /əˈvʌls/

avulse

撕裂
Meaning
to tear away or separate forcibly, especially in medical or geological contexts
Example
The surgeon had to avulse the damaged tissue during the operation.
外科医生在手术中必须把受损的组织撕裂。
C2 noun /ˈtæksɪˌdɜːrmi/

taxidermy

标本制作
Meaning
The art of preparing, stuffing, and mounting the skins of animals for display.
Example
The museum had a large collection of taxidermy animals.
博物馆里有一大批动物标本。
C2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈliːp/

overleap

跳过
Meaning
To jump over something; to omit or disregard something.
Example
He managed to overleap the fence easily.
他轻松地越过了栅栏。
C2 noun /ˈkæm.fər/

Camphor

樟脑
Meaning
a white crystalline substance with a strong aromatic smell, used in medicine and religious ceremonies
Example
The temple was filled with the fragrant smoke of burning camphor.
寺庙里充满了燃烧的樟脑散发出的芳香烟雾。
C2 adjective hjʊˈrɪs.tɪk

heuristic

启发式
Meaning
Enabling a person to discover or learn something for themselves; experimental learning approach.
Example
Teachers use heuristic techniques to encourage self-learning.
教师使用启发式技巧来鼓励自学。
C2 noun /dʒuːt/

jute

黄麻
Meaning
a long, soft, shiny plant fiber used to make rope, bags, sacks, and coarse cloth
Example
Jute is widely used to make eco-friendly bags and ropes.
黄麻常用于制作环保袋。