Per boiled rice
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C2 noun /pɜːr bɔɪld raɪs/

Per boiled rice

预煮米
Meaning
Rice that has been partially boiled in the husk before milling; parboiled rice
Example
Per boiled rice retains more nutrients than regular white rice.
预煮米比普通白米保留更多营养成分。
C2 adjective /ˌpɛstɪˈlɛnʃəl/

pestilential

瘟疫的
Meaning
Relating to or causing pestilence; very harmful, troublesome, or dangerous.
Example
The pestilential smell of the garbage filled the street.
垃圾的瘟疫气味充满了街道。
C2 adjective /ˌpærəˈdɪɡmətɪk/

paradigmatic

典范的
Meaning
Serving as a typical example or model of something.
Example
Her success story is paradigmatic of the opportunities education can provide.
她的成功故事是教育可以提供的机会的典范。
C2 verb /pɔːrˈtɛnd/

portend

预示
Meaning
To be a sign or warning that something, especially something bad, is going to happen.
Example
Dark clouds portend a storm.
暗云预示着暴风雨。
C2 noun /ˌfɪziˈɒnəmi/

physiognomy

面部特征分析
Meaning
the study of facial features to judge character or personality
Example
He believed in physiognomy and tried to read people's personalities from their faces.
他相信面相学，并试图通过人的面部来解读他们的个性。
C2 adjective /pʌɡˈneɪʃəs/

pugnacious

好斗的
Meaning
Having a quarrelsome or combative nature; eager to fight.
Example
His pugnacious attitude often got him into trouble.
他好斗的态度常常让他陷入麻烦。
C2 noun ˈfaɪ.təʊˌnjuː.tri.ənt

phytonutrient

植物营养素
Meaning
Chemical compounds produced by plants that are beneficial to human health but not essential nutrients.
Example
Broccoli is rich in phytonutrients that enhance immunity.
西兰花富含植物营养素，有助于增强免疫力。
C2 adjective /prəˈpɪʃəs/

propitious

有利的
Meaning
giving or indicating a good chance of success; favorable
Example
The sunny weather was a propitious start to the picnic.
阳光明媚的天气是野餐的有利开端。
C2 noun /pluːˈtɒkrəsi/

plutocracy

富人统治
Meaning
a system of government where the wealthy hold power
Example
The country was ruled as a plutocracy.
这个国家是由富人统治的。
C2 noun /ˈper.ɪ.dʒiː/

perigee

月亮或卫星在轨道上离地球最近的点
Meaning
the point in the orbit of the moon or a satellite at which it is nearest to the Earth
Example
The moon appeared much larger during its perigee.
月亮在其近地点时显得更大。
C2 noun /pɒmˈpɒsəti/

pomposity

自大, 傲慢
Meaning
self-important behavior or exaggerated dignity
Example
His speech was full of pomposity and arrogance.
他的演讲充满了自大和傲慢。
C2 verb /ˈpɛkjʊˌleɪt/

peculate

贪污
Meaning
To embezzle or steal money, especially public funds.
Example
The corrupt official was found guilty of peculating government funds.
腐败的官员被判定为盗用政府资金。
C2 noun /ˈplænɪsfɪr/

planisphere

星图仪
Meaning
a rotating star chart used to display the visible stars for any time and date
Example
The astronomer used a planisphere to identify the constellations.
天文学家使用星图仪来识别星座。
C2 verb /ˈpʌlvəraɪz/

pulverize

粉碎
Meaning
To crush or grind something into a fine powder; to completely defeat or destroy.
Example
The machine can pulverize stones into dust.
机器可以将石头粉碎成灰尘。
C2 noun /ˈpær.əkˌsɪz.əm/

paroxysm

突如其来的爆发
Meaning
A sudden, violent outburst of emotion or activity.
Example
She was seized by a paroxysm of laughter.
她被一阵突如其来的笑声席卷。
C2 noun /fɪˈlɒl.ə.dʒi/

philology

研究语言在书面历史资料中的应用; 语言学
Meaning
the study of language in written historical sources; linguistics
Example
She devoted her career to philology, researching ancient manuscripts.
她将自己的职业生涯献给了语言学，研究古代手稿。
C2 adjective /ˈpɪrɪk/

pyrrhic

皮洛斯式胜利
Meaning
A victory won at such a great cost that it is almost equivalent to defeat.
Example
The general declared the battle a pyrrhic victory due to heavy losses.
由于巨大的损失，指挥官宣布战斗为皮洛斯式胜利。
C2 noun /ˈplɔːdɪt/

plaudit

赞扬
Meaning
an expression of praise or approval
Example
The actor received plaudit for his outstanding performance.
演员因其出色的表现获得了赞扬。
C2 adjective /ˌpɛrənˈθɛtɪkəl/

parenthetical

括号中的评论
Meaning
Relating to or expressed in parentheses; a side remark or digression.
Example
He added a parenthetical comment during the lecture.
他在讲座期间添加了一个括号中的评论。
C2 verb /pərˈveɪ/

purvey

提供
Meaning
to supply or provide goods, services, or information, often as a business
Example
The company purveys organic food to health-conscious customers.
该公司向健康意识强的客户提供有机食品。
C2 noun /proʊˈbɑːsɪs/

proboscis

象鼻
Meaning
The long, flexible nose of some animals, especially an elephant, or a tubular feeding and sucking organ in insects.
Example
The elephant used its proboscis to grab food.
大象用它的象鼻抓食物。
C2 adjective /ˈpɜːˌblaɪnd/

purblind

盲目或无知
Meaning
Having impaired or defective vision; lacking insight or understanding.
Example
The purblind approach to the problem led to many mistakes.
对问题的盲目处理导致了许多错误。
C2 noun /pəˈlɛmɪks/

polemics

辩论
Meaning
the art or practice of engaging in controversial debate or dispute
Example
The conference was full of polemics on economic reforms.
会议充满了关于经济改革的辩论。
C2 adjective /prɪˈskrɪptɪbəl/

prescriptible

可规定的
Meaning
Capable of being prescribed or laid down as a rule or directive.
Example
Certain regulations are prescriptible under the law.
某些规定在法律下是可以规定的。
C2 adjective /ˌpəʊstˈprændɪəl/

postprandial

餐后
Meaning
Occurring after a meal.
Example
He went for a postprandial walk after dinner.
他在晚餐后去散步。
C2 verb /ˈpɔːltər/

palter

含糊其辞，欺骗
Meaning
to act insincerely or deceitfully; to equivocate or lie
Example
He paltered when asked about his involvement in the deal.
当被问及是否参与交易时，他回避了问题。
C2 adjective /ˈpjuːɪsənt/

puissant

强大的
Meaning
having great power or influence; mighty
Example
The king was a puissant ruler whose word was law.
国王是一个强大的统治者，他的话就是法律。
C2 noun /pɪθ/

pith

要点，精髓
Meaning
the essential or central part of something
Example
The pith of his argument was that honesty matters most.
他论点的要点是诚实最为重要。
C2 noun /proʊˈskrɪp.ʃən/

proscription

禁令
Meaning
the act of forbidding something, especially by law
Example
The proscription of child labor is an important human rights achievement.
禁止童工劳动是人权的重要成就。
C2 noun /ˈpɔːrfəri/

porphyry

一种硬的火成岩
Meaning
A hard igneous rock containing crystals, often used for decorative or building purposes.
Example
The ancient Romans used porphyry to make columns and statues.
古罗马人使用波斐里石制作柱子和雕像。
C2 adjective /ˌprɛsɪˈdɛnʃəl/

precedential

先例的
Meaning
Relating to, or serving as, a precedent; having authority as an example.
Example
The court’s decision has precedential value.
法院的判决具有先例价值。
C2 adjective /ˈpeɪli/

paly

条纹的
Meaning
striped with different colors, usually used in heraldry
Example
The knight’s shield was decorated with paly stripes of red and gold.
骑士的盾牌上装饰着红色和金色的条纹。
C2 adjective /prəˈpʌlsɪv/

propulsive

推进的
Meaning
Having the power to drive or push something forward.
Example
The propulsive force of the rocket lifted it off the ground.
火箭的推进力将它从地面抬起。
C2 noun /ˈpɔl.zi/

Palsy

麻痹
Meaning
paralysis, especially that which is accompanied by involuntary tremors; loss of muscle control
Example
The elderly man suffered from palsy in his hands.
这位老人双手因麻痹而痛苦。
C2 verb /pərˈtɪkjələrˌaɪz/

particularize

具体说明
Meaning
to mention or describe something in detail
Example
The witness was asked to particularize the events of that night.
证人被要求详细叙述那个夜晚的事件。
C2 adjective /ˌprɒvɪˈdɛnʃəl/

providential

天意的
Meaning
occurring at a favorable or opportune time, as if guided by divine intervention
Example
Their timely rescue was considered providential.
他们及时的救援被认为是天意的。
C2 noun /ˈfeɪlæŋks/

phalanx

方阵
Meaning
A group of people or things arranged in a compact, close formation; also an ancient Greek military formation.
Example
A phalanx of reporters waited outside the courthouse.
一群记者在法院外等候。
C2 noun /ˈpæsɪt/

Passet

奶酪
Meaning
Fresh cheese curds; cottage cheese made from curdled milk
Example
The cook prepared fresh passet by curdling warm milk with lemon juice.
厨师通过用柠檬汁凝固温热的牛奶，制作了新鲜的奶酪。
C2 noun /ˈpærəpɛt/

parapet

防护墙
Meaning
A low protective wall along the edge of a roof, balcony, or bridge.
Example
The soldier hid behind the parapet for protection.
士兵躲在防护墙后面以保障安全。
C2 noun ˈpɑː.stər.ə.lɪ.zəm

pastoralism

牧羊主义, 以草为基础的放牧系统
Meaning
A form of animal husbandry where domesticated animals are released onto large vegetated outdoor lands for grazing.
Example
Pastoralism is a traditional way of managing livestock.
牧羊主义是传统的牲畜管理方式。
C2 adjective /ˈpɛkənt/

peccant

有罪的
Meaning
Guilty of a moral offense or wrongdoing; sinful.
Example
The judge declared the peccant official unfit for office.
法官宣布有罪的官员不适合担任职务。
C2 adjective /flɛgˈmæt.ɪk/

phlegmatic

冷静的
Meaning
having an unemotional and stolidly calm disposition
Example
Despite the chaos, he remained phlegmatic and composed.
尽管混乱，他依然保持冷静和平静。
C2 noun /pəˈræm.bjə.leɪ.tər/

Perambulator

婴儿车
Meaning
a four-wheeled carriage for a baby; baby stroller or pram
Example
She pushed the perambulator through the park while the baby slept peacefully.
她推着婴儿车穿过公园，而婴儿安静地睡着。
C2 noun /pəˈlæv.ər/

palaver

无意义的讨论 / 喧嚣
Meaning
prolonged and idle discussion; fuss or unnecessary talk
Example
After much palaver, they finally agreed on the plan.
经过长时间的无意义讨论后，他们最终同意了计划。
C2 noun /prəˈtuːbərəns/

protuberance

肿块
Meaning
A rounded swelling or lump on a surface.
Example
The doctor examined the small protuberance on his arm.
医生检查了他手臂上的小肿块。
C2 adjective /ˌpɛnɪˈtɛnʃəl/

penitential

忏悔的
Meaning
Relating to or expressing penitence or penance.
Example
The priest delivered a penitential sermon on forgiveness.
牧师讲了关于宽恕的忏悔讲道。
C2 noun /ˌpɜːrspɪˈkjuːəti/

perspicuity

清晰度
Meaning
Clarity and ease in speech or writing; the quality of being clearly expressed.
Example
The perspicuity of his lecture made it easy for students to understand complex topics.
他的讲座的清晰度让学生们很容易理解复杂的课题。
C2 noun /ˈpætrɪˌmoʊni/

patrimony

遗产
Meaning
Property or inheritance passed down from one's father or ancestors.
Example
The castle was part of his patrimony from his noble ancestors.
这座城堡是他从贵族祖先那里继承的遗产的一部分。
C2 adjective /ˈpaɪbɔːld/

piebald

双色斑点
Meaning
having irregular patches of two colors, especially black and white
Example
The farmer owns a piebald horse with black and white spots.
农夫有一匹带有黑白斑点的双色马。
C2 noun /ˈpʌndʒənsi/

pungency

辛辣
Meaning
The quality of having a strong, sharp taste or smell.
Example
The pungency of garlic filled the kitchen.
大蒜的辛辣味充满了厨房。
C2 verb /ˈpælpɪˌteɪt/

palpitate

快速跳动
Meaning
to beat rapidly and strongly, often because of fear, excitement, or illness
Example
Her heart began to palpitate with fear.
她的心脏因恐惧开始剧烈跳动。
C2 noun /ˌpærəˈnɔɪæk/

paranoiac

偏执的人
Meaning
A person who suffers from paranoia or exhibits extreme, irrational distrust and suspicion.
Example
The paranoiac refused to leave his house, fearing everyone was against him.
这个偏执的人拒绝离开家，因为他害怕每个人都反对他。
C2 adjective /ˌpɪkəˈjuːn/

picayune

微不足道的, 琐碎的
Meaning
of little value or importance; trivial
Example
He complained about the picayune details of the contract.
他抱怨合同中的琐碎细节。
C2 noun /ˈplɛntɪtjuːd/

plentitude

丰富
Meaning
the condition of being full or abundant
Example
The garden offered a plentitude of flowers in spring.
花园在春天提供了丰富的花卉。
C2 noun /ˌpɛkjʊˈleɪʃən/

peculation

挪用公款
Meaning
The act of embezzling or stealing money, especially from public funds.
Example
The minister resigned after being accused of peculation.
部长在被指控参与挪用公款后辞职。
C2 adjective /ˈpʌdʒi/

pudgy

圆胖
Meaning
slightly fat or chubby in a way that is often cute
Example
The baby had pudgy cheeks that everyone adored.
这个宝宝有圆胖的脸颊，大家都很喜欢。
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrtnəs/

pertness

厚颜无耻
Meaning
boldness or forwardness in speech or behavior; sauciness
Example
Her pertness during the meeting surprised everyone.
她在会议中的厚颜无耻让所有人都惊讶。
C2 noun /ˈpæntəˌskoʊp/

pantoscope

提供广泛或全景视图的光学仪器
Meaning
An optical instrument that provides a wide or panoramic view.
Example
The scientist used a pantoscope to observe the entire horizon.
科学家使用全景镜观察整个地平线。
C2 verb /ˈproʊtjuːbəreɪt/

protuberate

膨胀
Meaning
To swell out or bulge.
Example
The roots began to protuberate from the ground.
根开始从土壤中膨胀出来。
C2 adverb /ˌpɛlˈmɛl/

pell-mell

杂乱无章
Meaning
In a confused, rushed, or disorderly manner.
Example
The children ran pell-mell through the playground.
孩子们在游乐场里杂乱无章地奔跑。
C2 noun /ˈprɒm.ən.tɔːr.i/

promontory

海角
Meaning
A high point of land or rock projecting into a body of water.
Example
The lighthouse stood on a promontory overlooking the sea.
灯塔矗立在俯瞰大海的海角上。
C2 noun /ˈpɛntæd/

pentad

五个一组
Meaning
A group or set of five things.
Example
The committee was divided into a pentad of working groups.
委员会被分成了五个工作小组。
C2 noun /ˈpɑr.bəl/

Parbal

尖瓜
Meaning
A green vegetable also known as pointed gourd, commonly used in South Asian cuisine
Example
Mother prepared parbal curry with fish.
母亲做了带鱼的尖瓜咖喱。
C2 adjective /ˈpjuːtətɪv/

putative

假定的
Meaning
commonly accepted or supposed; generally regarded as such
Example
He is the putative father of the child.
他是孩子的假定父亲。
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrsənɪdʒ/

personage

重要人物
Meaning
an important or famous person
Example
He is considered a great personage in the world of literature.
他被认为是文学界的伟大人物。
C2 verb /prəˈpɪʃieɪt/

propitiate

安抚
Meaning
to win or regain the favor of someone by doing something that pleases them
Example
He offered gifts to propitiate the angry gods.
他提供礼物来安抚愤怒的神明。
C2 noun /ˈpɪnəs/

pinnace

小船
Meaning
a small boat, often carried by a larger ship
Example
The sailors used a pinnace to reach the shore.
水手们用小船到达了岸边。
C2 noun /ˌfɑːsfəˈrɛsəns/

phosphorescence

磷光
Meaning
the property of emitting light without noticeable heat
Example
The deep-sea creatures displayed a beautiful phosphorescence.
深海生物展示了美丽的磷光。
C2 adjective /ˈpɑːrtəbl/

partible

可分割的
Meaning
capable of being divided or separated
Example
The estate was partible among the heirs.
这项财产可以在继承人之间分割。
C2 noun /ˈfærɪsiː/

pharisee

伪君子
Meaning
A member of an ancient Jewish sect; by extension, a self-righteous or hypocritical person.
Example
He acted like a pharisee, judging others while ignoring his own faults.
他像个法利赛人一样行事，批评别人却忽视自己的错误。
C2 noun /prɪˈfɜːrmənt/

preferment

晋升
Meaning
promotion or advancement in rank, position, or office
Example
He hoped for preferment in the government office.
他希望在政府办公室得到晋升。
C2 noun /ˌpænəˈdʒɪrɪk/

panegyric

赞美诗, 颂辞
Meaning
a formal speech or piece of writing in praise of someone or something
Example
The author wrote a panegyric on the bravery of the soldiers.
作者写了一篇关于士兵英勇的潘尼吉里克。
C2 noun /ˈpoʊtənˌteɪt/

potentate

君主
Meaning
A monarch or ruler, especially one with absolute power.
Example
The ancient land was ruled by a powerful potentate.
古老的土地由一个强大的君主统治。
C2 adjective /ˈpɑːmi/

palmy

繁荣 / 荣耀
Meaning
prosperous, flourishing, or relating to palm trees
Example
He often reminisced about the palmy days of his youth.
他经常回忆起年轻时的繁荣日子。
C2 noun /prɪˈsɛʃən/

precession

进动
Meaning
The slow movement of the axis of a spinning body around another axis, often referring to Earth's rotation.
Example
Astronomers study the precession of the equinoxes.
天文学家研究春分点的进动。
C2 verb /ˌpriːɔːrˈdeɪn/

preordain

预定
Meaning
To decide or determine an outcome in advance, especially by fate or divine will.
Example
They believed their meeting was preordained by destiny.
他们相信他们的相遇是命运注定的。
C2 adjective /ˈprəʊ.lɪks/

prolix

过于冗长
Meaning
using too many words; tediously lengthy
Example
The professor’s prolix lecture put many students to sleep.
教授冗长的讲座让许多学生打瞌睡。
C2 noun /ˈprɪvɪti/

privity

私密关系, 合同关系
Meaning
A close, private, or special relationship; in law, the direct connection between parties to a contract.
Example
There was no privity of contract between the supplier and the customer.
供应商和客户之间没有合同关系。
C2 noun /prɪˈpɒndərəns/

preponderance

优势
Meaning
The quality or fact of being greater in number, quantity, or importance.
Example
There was a preponderance of evidence against the defendant.
对被告有明显的证据优势。
C2 adjective /ˌpɒliˈæn.ɪ.ɪʃ/

pollyannaish

过于乐观
Meaning
overly or blindly optimistic
Example
Her pollyannaish attitude ignored the obvious problems.
她的过于乐观的态度忽略了明显的问题。
C2 verb /ˈprɑː.məl.ɡeɪt/

promulgate

发布
Meaning
To announce or make a law, decree, or idea officially known.
Example
The government promulgated new regulations on data privacy.
政府发布了关于数据隐私的新规定。
C2 adjective /ˈpɔːntʃi/

paunchy

大肚子
Meaning
Having a large or protruding belly.
Example
The paunchy man struggled to button his shirt.
那个大肚子男人在努力扣上他的衬衫纽扣。
C2 noun /ˈfɪl.ə.dʒɪ.nɪst/

philogynist

一个热爱或钦佩女性的人
Meaning
a person who loves or admires women
Example
As a known philogynist, he advocated for women's education.
作为一位著名的菲洛吉尼斯特，他倡导女性的教育。
C2 noun, verb /ˌpæm.fləˈtɪər/

pamphleteer

小册子作者
Meaning
a person who writes or distributes pamphlets, often to promote a political or social cause
Example
In the 18th century, many pamphleteers influenced public opinion.
18世纪，许多小册子作者影响了公众舆论。
C2 verb /pɜːrl/

purl

发出低语声地流动
Meaning
To knit with a purl stitch; to flow with a murmuring sound (as a stream).
Example
The brook purled softly through the meadow.
小溪轻轻地流过草地。
C2 noun, verb /ˈpɑːrli/

parley

谈判
Meaning
a discussion between opposing sides, especially to negotiate terms
Example
The generals met to parley over the terms of surrender.
将军们会面商讨投降的条件。
C2 noun /praɪˈveɪʃən/

privation

匮乏, 贫困
Meaning
A state in which things essential for human well-being such as food and warmth are lacking.
Example
The refugees suffered great privation during the harsh winter.
难民在严寒的冬天遭受了极大的匮乏。
C2 noun /proʊˈdʒɛnɪtər/

progenitor

祖先
Meaning
a direct ancestor; a person or thing that originates something
Example
Researchers traced the custom back to a common progenitor.
研究人员追溯了这个习俗，发现它源自一个共同的祖先。
C2 noun ˌpɜː.pɪˈtʃuː.ɪ.ti

perpetuity

永恒，永久性，连续性
Meaning
Permanence, eternity, continuity.
Example
The contract ensures payments in perpetuity.
合同保证永续付款。
C2 adjective /ˈpɛndjʊləs/

pendulous

幸福
Meaning
hanging down loosely; drooping
Example
The pendulous fruit weighed down the branch.
她收到奖项时，无法隐藏她的幸福。
C2 noun /ˈplɛdʒɔːr/

pledgeor

担保人
Meaning
a person who gives or offers a pledge or security
Example
The bank accepted the jewelry from the pledgeor as collateral for the loan.
银行接受了担保人提供的珠宝作为贷款的担保。
C2 noun /ˈpjuːdʒɪlɪst/

pugilist

拳击手
Meaning
A professional or skilled boxer.
Example
The pugilist entered the ring with confidence.
拳击手充满信心地进入了拳台。
C2 noun /ˈpɜr.kwɪ.zɪt/

Perquisite

附带福利
Meaning
an additional benefit or privilege given to an employee beyond their regular salary; a special right or advantage
Example
Company car was one of the perquisites of his executive position.
公司车是他担任该高管职位的附带福利之一。
C2 adjective /ˈpɑːrləs/

parlous

危险的
Meaning
Full of danger or risk; precarious.
Example
The company is in a parlous financial state.
公司处于一个危险的财政状态。
C2 adjective /ˈpruːdɪʃ/

prudish

过于拘谨的
Meaning
having or revealing a tendency to be easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity
Example
She was too prudish to watch the movie with her friends.
她太拘谨了，不愿和朋友一起看电影。
C2 noun /ˌpɛntəˈhiːdrən/

pentahedron

五面体
Meaning
A solid geometric figure with five faces.
Example
In geometry class, the teacher explained the structure of a pentahedron.
在几何课上，老师解释了五面体的结构。
C2 noun /pæˈstiːʃ/

pastiche

模仿作品
Meaning
a work of art, literature, or music that imitates the style of another artist, period, or genre
Example
The film was a clever pastiche of 1950s detective movies.
这部电影是1950年代侦探电影的巧妙模仿。
C2 verb /ˈpʌkər/

pucker

Meaning
to tighten or contract into small folds or wrinkles
Example
She puckered her lips before kissing the child.
C2 adjective /ˈplændʒənt/

plangent

悲伤或回响的声音
Meaning
having a loud, mournful sound; resonant
Example
The plangent toll of the church bell echoed through the village.
教堂钟声的悲鸣回荡在村庄里。
C2 noun /ˈpɔːpərɪzəm/

pauperism

贫困
Meaning
The state of being extremely poor.
Example
The country struggled with rising pauperism in the 19th century.
该国在19世纪与日益严重的贫困作斗争。
C2 noun /ˈpoʊ.ə.si/

poesy

诗意
Meaning
poetry; the art or composition of poems
Example
The anthology was filled with romantic poesy.
这本选集充满了浪漫的诗意。
C2 adjective /prɪˈmɒnɪtəri/ or /ˌpriːməˈnɪtəri/

premonitory

前兆
Meaning
giving a warning or prediction about something, especially something unpleasant
Example
He ignored the premonitory signs of illness.
他忽视了疾病的前兆。
C2 adjective /ˌprɒfɪˈlæktɪk/

prophylactic

预防性
Meaning
intended to prevent disease or an unwanted outcome; protective
Example
The doctor prescribed a prophylactic treatment to prevent infection.
医生开了预防性治疗以防止感染。
C2 adjective /ˈpɪd.lɪŋ/

Piddling

微不足道; 琐碎; 小数额
Meaning
trivial; insignificant; small in amount
Example
He was annoyed by the piddling amount of money he received.
他对他收到的微不足道的金额感到烦恼。
C2 noun /pəˈnʌmbrə/

penumbra

部分阴影
Meaning
a partially shaded area around the shadow of an object, especially during an eclipse
Example
The moon’s penumbra created a dim shadow over the Earth.
月亮的阴影带在地球上创造了一个微弱的阴影。
C2 noun /pɪˈnɒlədʒi/

penology

监狱学
Meaning
The study of prison management and criminal rehabilitation.
Example
He decided to specialize in penology to help improve the prison system.
他决定专攻监狱学，以帮助改善监狱系统。
C2 noun /ˌprɪnsɪˈpæləti/

principality

公国
Meaning
a state ruled by a prince
Example
Monaco is a famous principality in Europe.
摩纳哥是欧洲著名的公国。
C2 noun /ˌprɒdɪˈɡæləti/

prodigality

挥霍
Meaning
the quality of being wastefully extravagant
Example
His prodigality with money left him bankrupt.
他对金钱的挥霍让他破产。
C2 noun /ˈpɑːrləns/

parlance

行话
Meaning
a particular way of speaking or using words, common to a group
Example
In legal parlance, the term has a different meaning.
在法律行话中，这个术语有不同的含义。
C2 verb /poʊˈtɛnʃiˌeɪt/

potentiate

增强
Meaning
To increase the power, effect, or likelihood of something.
Example
Caffeine can potentiate the effects of some medicines.
咖啡因可以增强某些药物的效果。
C2 verb /ˌpriːɪɡˈzɪst/

preexist

提前存在
Meaning
to exist beforehand or before something else
Example
These customs preexist the arrival of modern technology.
这些习俗早于现代技术的到来而存在。
C2 verb /ˈprɒsəˌlaɪtaɪz/

proselytize

试图使某人改信
Meaning
To try to persuade someone to convert to a different belief or religion.
Example
They tried to proselytize the villagers with their new ideas.
他们试图用他们的新思想来传教村民。
C2 adjective, noun /pləˈbiːən/

plebian

普通的，平民的
Meaning
alternate spelling of 'plebeian'; common or ordinary
Example
His tastes were rather plebian, favoring simple food and clothes.
他的口味相当普通，喜欢简单的食物和衣服。
C2 noun /ˈpɛd.ən.tri/

pedantry

对小细节或规则的过度关注
Meaning
Excessive concern with minor details or rules.
Example
His pedantry made the meeting unnecessarily long.
他的偏执让会议变得不必要地漫长。
C2 noun /ˈpɒliˌɑːrki/

polyarchy

多元治理
Meaning
government by many people
Example
Polyarchy allows multiple parties to share power.
多元治理允许多个党派共享权力。
C2 noun prəˈklɪv.ə.ti

proclivity

倾向
Meaning
A tendency to choose or do something regularly; an inclination or predisposition toward a particular thing.
Example
She has a proclivity for learning new languages.
她有学习新语言的倾向。
C2 noun /ˌpraɪvəˈtɪə/

privateer

私人战舰
Meaning
A privately owned armed ship authorized by a government to attack enemy ships during war.
Example
The privateer captured several enemy vessels during the conflict.
在冲突中，私人战舰俘获了多个敌方船只。
C2 noun /ˈpɒmfrɪt/

Pomfret

鲳鱼
Meaning
A deep-bodied marine fish with silvery scales, popular in Asian cuisine
Example
The restaurant serves delicious pomfret curry with rice.
餐厅提供美味的鲳鱼咖喱配米饭。
C2 adjective /ˌpɛntəˈveɪlənt/

pentavalent

五价
Meaning
Having a valence of five, especially in chemistry.
Example
Phosphorus can exist in a pentavalent state.
磷可以以五价状态存在。
C2 adjective /pɒnˈtɪfɪkəl/

pontifical

与教皇或主教相关的；浮夸的或自命不凡的
Meaning
relating to a pope or bishop; pompous or self-important
Example
His pontifical manner annoyed the other members of the committee.
他的傲慢态度让委员会的其他成员感到不悦。
C2 noun /ˈproʊtoʊˌplæzəm/

protoplasm

原生质
Meaning
The living substance inside a cell, including the cytoplasm and nucleus.
Example
Scientists observed the movement of protoplasm under the microscope.
科学家在显微镜下观察了原生质的运动。