penology
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C2 noun /pɪˈnɒlədʒi/

penology

监狱学
Meaning
The study of prison management and criminal rehabilitation.
Example
He decided to specialize in penology to help improve the prison system.
他决定专攻监狱学，以帮助改善监狱系统。
C1 noun /ˈɛf.ɪ.kə.si/

efficacy

效能
Meaning
The ability to produce a desired or intended result; effectiveness.
Example
The efficacy of the vaccine has been proven in trials.
疫苗的效能在试验中得到了证明。
B1 noun /aɪl/

aisle

走道
Meaning
a passage between rows of seats or shelves
Example
She walked down the aisle to find her seat.
她走过走道找到了她的座位。
C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

自杀的
Meaning
relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful
Example
The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.
鲁莽的驾驶是一种自杀行为。
B1 noun /ˈsɜr.fɪs/

Surface

表面; 上层
Meaning
the outside part or uppermost layer of something
Example
The submarine emerged to the surface of the ocean.
潜水艇浮出海面。
C2 adjective /ˈbrɔːni/

brawny

强壮的
Meaning
Physically strong and muscular.
Example
The brawny man lifted the heavy box with ease.
那位强壮的男子轻松地举起了沉重的盒子。
B2 noun /ˈsuː.ɪ.saɪd/

Suicide

自杀
Meaning
the act of intentionally killing oneself
Example
Mental health professionals work to prevent suicide.
心理健康专家致力于预防自杀。
A2 adjective /ɪmˈbærəst/

embarrassed

尴尬
Meaning
feeling awkward, ashamed, or self-conscious about something
Example
He felt embarrassed when he forgot her name.
当他忘记她的名字时，他感到尴尬。
C1 adjective /ˈmjuːtɪd/

muted

柔和的
Meaning
softened in sound, color, or effect; subdued
Example
The room was painted in muted shades of blue and grey.
房间用蓝色和灰色的柔和色调粉刷。
B2 verb /prɪˈzɜːv/

preserve

保护
Meaning
to keep something in its original state; to protect from harm or decay
Example
We must preserve our natural environment.
我们必须保护我们的自然环境。
B1 noun /ˈmeɪkər/

maker

创造者
Meaning
a person or thing that makes or produces something
Example
He is a famous movie maker in Hollywood.
他是好莱坞著名的电影制片人。
B2 verb əˈpɔɪn.tɪd

appointed

任命
Meaning
Assign a job or role to someone; designate someone to a position.
Example
Appointed officials carry significant responsibilities.
任命的官员承担重要责任。
C1 adjective /ˈheɪ.zi/

Hazy

朦胧的; 模糊的; 不清楚的
Meaning
covered with haze; unclear or vague; lacking clarity
Example
The mountain tops were hazy in the morning mist.
山顶在早晨的雾气中显得朦胧。
C1 adjective /ˈlɔː.fəl/

Lawful

合法; 合理; 有效; 公正;
Meaning
legal; legitimate; valid; just
Example
The judge confirmed that their actions were lawful and proper.
法官确认他们的行为是合法和恰当的。
C1 adjective /pərˈsɛptəbl̩/

perceptible

可察觉的
Meaning
Able to be noticed or recognized by the senses or the mind.
Example
There was a perceptible change in the atmosphere.
大气中有一个可察觉的变化。
B2 adjective /ɪˈrɛləvənt/

Irrelevant

不相关的
Meaning
not connected with or relevant to something; having no bearing on the matter
Example
Your past mistakes are irrelevant to this discussion.
你过去的错误与这个讨论无关。
B1 noun /tʃiːf/

chief

首领
Meaning
a leader or person in charge of a group or organization
Example
The chief of the village made an important decision.
村庄的首领做出了一个重要的决定。
C1 verb/noun /ɡraʊl/

growl

咆哮
Meaning
To make a low, guttural sound, often in anger (by animals or humans).
Example
The dog growled at the stranger.
狗对陌生人咆哮。
C1 adjective /ˌhɒməˈdʒiːniəs/

homogeneous

同质的，一致的
Meaning
Of the same kind; alike.
Example
The team was not homogeneous in their skills.
该团队在他们的技能上不是同质的。
C1 noun /ˈkroʊ.bɑːr/

Crowbar

撬棍
Meaning
a heavy iron bar with a curved end used as a lever for prying things apart
Example
He used a crowbar to remove the old nails.
他用撬棍把旧钉子取了出来。
C2 noun /kəˈlɒsəti/

callosity

粗厚的皮肤
Meaning
A thickened or hardened area of skin; insensitivity or hardness of character.
Example
Years of manual labor left callosity on his hands.
多年的体力劳动使他的手上留下了厚皮。
B1 verb /dɪˈpɛndɪŋ/

depending

取决于
Meaning
Being contingent on or influenced by something.
Example
The success of the plan is depending on the team's effort.
计划的成功取决于团队的努力。
B1 adverb /ˈðɛərˌfɔr/

Therefore

因此
Meaning
for that reason; consequently
Example
It was raining, therefore we stayed inside.
天下雨了，因此我们待在里面。
C2 adjective /ˌstætʃuˈɛsk/

statuesque

雕像般的
Meaning
Having the grace, beauty, or dignity of a statue; tall and attractively proportioned.
Example
She had a statuesque figure that turned heads wherever she went.
她有着雕像般的身形，每走到哪里都会吸引视线。
A1 adjective /hoʊl/

Whole

整个
Meaning
complete; entire; all of something
Example
He ate the whole pizza by himself.
他一个人把整张披萨吃光了。
A2 noun /trɪk/

Trick

把戏; 欺骗; 诡计;
Meaning
a cunning act intended to deceive; a skillful action performed for entertainment
Example
The magician performed an amazing card trick that fooled everyone.
魔术师表演了一个令人惊叹的纸牌把戏，欺骗了所有人。
A2 noun /suːt/

suit

西装
Meaning
a set of clothes made of the same fabric, usually consisting of trousers and a jacket
Example
He wore a black suit to the wedding.
他穿着黑色西装参加婚礼。
B2 noun /heɪst/

Haste

匆忙; 急切
Meaning
swiftness of motion; urgent need of quick action; excessive speed or urgency
Example
In his haste to catch the train, he forgot to take his wallet from the table.
因为急于赶上火车，他忘了从桌子上拿走钱包。
A2 verb /kəmˈpliːt/

complete

完成
Meaning
to finish making or doing something; to bring something to an end
Example
She managed to complete the project on time.
她按时完成了这个项目。
C1 adjective /suːˈpɜːr.flu.əs/

superfluous

多余的
Meaning
Unnecessary, especially through being more than enough.
Example
His speech contained too many superfluous details.
他的演讲包含了太多多余的细节。
C1 noun /pəˈzɛsər/

possessor

所有者
Meaning
A person who owns or holds something.
Example
The possessor of the land built a new house.
土地的所有者建造了一座新房。
A2 noun/verb /ˈbʌdʒɪt/

budget

预算
Meaning
An estimate of income and expenditure for a set period of time; to plan expenses and income.
Example
The family created a budget to manage their expenses.
家庭制定了预算来管理开支。
C1 adjective ˈflʌd proʊn

flood-prone

易受洪水影响
Meaning
Susceptible to flooding; likely to experience floods frequently.
Example
Bangladesh is a flood-prone deltaic nation.
孟加拉国是一个容易发生洪水的三角洲国家。
C2 adjective /ɪmˈpruːdənt/

imprudent

鲁莽
Meaning
Not showing care for the consequences of an action.
Example
It was imprudent to drive in such stormy weather.
在如此暴风雨的天气下开车是鲁莽的。
B2 noun /ˌsɒl.ɪˈdær.ə.ti/

Solidarity

团结
Meaning
unity or agreement of feeling or action among individuals with a common interest
Example
The workers showed solidarity during the strike.
工人在罢工期间表现出团结。
A1 verb /traɪ/

try

尝试
Meaning
to make an effort to do something; to attempt
Example
I will try my best to help you.
我会尽力帮助你。
B2 adjective /ˌɑːp.təˈmɪs.tɪk/

optimistic

乐观的
Meaning
hopeful and confident about the future
Example
She is optimistic about the success of her new project.
她对新项目的成功持乐观态度。
C1 noun /ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ/

shrinkage

收缩
Meaning
The process of becoming smaller in size, amount, or value.
Example
The company reported a shrinkage in profits this quarter.
公司报告了本季度利润的收缩。
C1 noun /ˈkiːpˌseɪk/

keepsake

纪念品
Meaning
An object kept as a reminder of a person, place, or event.
Example
She gave me a small locket as a keepsake of our friendship.
她送给我一个小吊坠，作为我们友谊的纪念品。
C2 noun /haɪnd/

Hind

母鹿
Meaning
a female deer, especially a red deer
Example
The hind protected her fawn from predators.
母鹿保护了她的小鹿免受捕食者的伤害。
C2 noun ˌæɡ.roʊˈiː.koʊˌsɪs.təm

agroecosystem

农业生态系统
Meaning
An ecological system centered on agricultural activities and processes.
Example
A healthy agroecosystem improves soil fertility.
健康的农业生态系统提高土壤肥力。
C1 noun /ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃən/

elevation

海拔
Meaning
The act of raising something to a higher position or level.
Example
The hikers reached a high elevation after hours of climbing.
登山者经过数小时的攀登后达到了较高的海拔。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈspjuːtəbəl/

Indisputable

不可争辩的; 不容否认的; 确定的
Meaning
impossible to deny or argue against; undeniable; certain
Example
The evidence against him was indisputable.
反对他的证据是不可争辩的。
C1 adjective /ˈspel.baʊnd/

Spellbound

着迷的; 迷住的
Meaning
completely fascinated and unable to move or think about anything else; enchanted
Example
The children sat spellbound as the magician performed his tricks.
孩子们看到魔术师表演时都目瞪口呆。
B2 adjective /wiː/

wee

非常小
Meaning
very small in size; tiny
Example
She gave me a wee smile before leaving.
她在离开之前给了我一个小小的微笑。
C2 noun /ˌɔːltərˈkeɪʃən/

altercation

争执, 争吵
Meaning
a noisy argument or quarrel
Example
There was a brief altercation between the two drivers.
两位司机之间发生了简短的争执。
B2 adjective /pəˈθet.ɪk/

Pathetic

可悲的; 令人同情的
Meaning
arousing pity; extremely poor or inadequate
Example
His pathetic attempt to apologize made things worse.
他悲哀的道歉尝试让事情变得更糟。
B2 noun /ˈpetəl/

Petal

花瓣
Meaning
One of the colored segments of a flower that forms the corolla
Example
Each petal of the daisy was white with a yellow center.
雏菊的每一片花瓣都是白色的，中央是黄色的。
C1 verb /wɪðˈhoʊld/

withhold

扣留
Meaning
to refuse to give or keep back something
Example
The company decided to withhold his bonus.
公司决定扣留他的奖金。
C2 noun /ˈsiːkənt/

secant

割线
Meaning
A straight line that intersects a curve at two or more points.
Example
In geometry, a secant cuts the circle at two distinct points.
在几何学中，割线在两个不同的点上切割圆形。
C1 adjective /ˈfræɡməntɪd/

fragmented

碎片化, 分割, 不完整
Meaning
Having been broken into fragments; disjointed or incomplete.
Example
The information was fragmented and difficult to understand.
信息被碎片化了，难以理解。
B2 noun /ˈreɪ.dɑːr/

Radar

雷达
Meaning
a system for detecting the presence, direction, distance of aircraft, ships by sending out radio waves
Example
The radar detected an unknown aircraft approaching the base.
雷达探测到一架未知的飞机接近基地。
B2 noun /ˌɪnstəˈbɪləti/

instability

不稳定
Meaning
lack of stability or balance; tendency to change, fail, or collapse easily
Example
Political instability has slowed economic growth in the region.
政治不稳定减缓了该地区的经济增长。
A2 noun, adjective /ˈkrɪstʃən/

christian

基督徒
Meaning
a person who follows the religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ
Example
She is a devoted Christian who attends church every Sunday.
她是一个虔诚的基督徒，每个星期天都会去教堂。
B2 noun /ˈwɜːrkˌfɔːrs/

workforce

劳动力
Meaning
the people engaged in or available for work
Example
The company is looking to expand its workforce by 20%.
公司计划将其劳动力扩大20%。
C2 adjective /ˈmɒn.teɪn/

montane

与山区地区相关的; 在山区环境中发现
Meaning
Relating to mountainous regions; found in mountain environments.
Example
Montane forests host a variety of unique species.
山区森林是独特物种的栖息地。
B2 noun /ˈpred.ə.ses.ər/

Predecessor

前任
Meaning
a person who held a job or office before the current holder; something that came before another thing
Example
The new manager learned from his predecessor's mistakes.
新经理从他的前任的错误中学习。
C1 noun /kənˈfɛdərəsi/

confederacy

联邦
Meaning
a group of states, people, or organizations united for a common purpose
Example
The southern states formed a confederacy during the civil war.
南方各州在内战期间组成了联邦。
B2 verb /ˈtɛmpər/

temper

调和
Meaning
to moderate, soften, or tone down something; also to strengthen by heat treatment (as in metal).
Example
She tried to temper her criticism with kindness.
她试图用善意来缓和她的批评。
B2 adjective /ˈhɪli/

hilly

多丘陵的
Meaning
having many hills; characterized by hills or slopes
Example
The village is located in a beautiful hilly region.
这个村庄位于一个美丽的多丘陵地区。
C1 noun ˌnɒn.kəʊˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən

non-cooperation

不合作
Meaning
The practice of refusing to cooperate, especially as a form of protest.
Example
The non-cooperation movement gained momentum.
不合作运动获得了动力。
B2 verb /ˈkeɪtər/

cater

Meaning
To provide food, drinks, or services, usually for an event or group.
Example
The company catered the wedding reception.
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛm.ɪ.neɪt/

disseminate

传播
Meaning
To spread or give out something, especially news, information, ideas, etc., to a lot of people.
Example
Social media helps to disseminate information quickly.
社交媒体帮助迅速传播信息。
C1 adverb /ˈæmpli/

amply

丰盛地
Meaning
more than sufficiently; generously
Example
She was amply rewarded for her hard work.
她因努力工作而得到了丰厚的奖励。
B2 noun /kənˈvɜː.ʃən/

Conversion

转化，变化，转变
Meaning
The process of changing or causing something to change from one form to another.
Example
High website conversion rates indicate effective marketing.
高网站转化率表明有效的市场营销。
B2 noun /ˈfaɪbər/

fiber

纤维
Meaning
a thread or filament from which a textile is formed; dietary substance from plants that aids digestion
Example
Fruits and vegetables are high in fiber.
水果和蔬菜富含纤维。
C1 noun /ˈrɑːstər/

roster

名单
Meaning
A list or plan showing people’s duties or times when they are scheduled.
Example
The manager updated the staff roster for next week.
经理更新了下周的员工名单。
C2 verb /koʊˈhɪr/

cohere

结合
Meaning
To stick together; to be united logically or physically.
Example
The ideas in his essay cohere well.
他文章中的观点很好地结合在一起。
C2 noun /ˈɔːrɪkl̩/

auricle

耳朵的外部部分
Meaning
The external part of the ear; also an upper chamber of the heart in anatomy.
Example
The doctor examined the patient’s auricle for signs of infection.
医生检查了病人的耳朵外部部分是否有感染迹象。
C1 verb /tʃɑːr/

char

烧焦
Meaning
To burn or scorch something so that it becomes blackened.
Example
The cook accidentally charred the steak.
厨师不小心烧焦了牛排。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈfɛnsɪv/

inoffensive

无害的
Meaning
Not likely to offend or provoke; harmless.
Example
His inoffensive remarks kept the conversation friendly.
他的无害评论让谈话保持友好。
C2 noun /ˈbrɛviˌɛri/

breviary

祷告书
Meaning
A book containing the service for each day, used in Christian liturgy.
Example
The monk read from the breviary during morning prayers.
僧侣在早晨祷告时从祷告书中朗读。
B1 noun /ˈproʊtiːn/

protein

Meaning
a molecule composed of amino acids essential for bodily functions
Example
Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues in the body.
C1 adjective /ˈpʌlməˌneri/

pulmonary

Meaning
relating to the lungs
Example
The patient suffered from a serious pulmonary infection.
B2 noun ˌbaɪ.oʊ.dɪˈvɝː.sə.t̬i

biodiversity

生物多样性
Meaning
The variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem.
Example
Rainforests are home to immense biodiversity.
雨林是巨大的生物多样性的家园。
B2 verb /ɪkˈskleɪm/

exclaim

呼喊
Meaning
to cry out suddenly in surprise, strong emotion, or excitement
Example
She exclaimed with joy when she saw the gift.
她看到礼物时高兴地叫了出来。
C2 adjective /ˌɪntəˈrɒɡətəri/

interrogatory

询问的
Meaning
expressed in the form of a question; relating to questioning
Example
The lawyer’s interrogatory tone made the witness uncomfortable.
律师的询问语气让证人感到不舒服。
C1 adjective /ˈsɛptɪk/

septic

感染的
Meaning
Infected with harmful bacteria; relating to or causing infection.
Example
The doctor treated the patient's septic wound immediately.
医生立即处理了病人的脓毒伤口。
C1 noun /ədˈhɪə.rəns/

adherence

遵守
Meaning
The practice of following or keeping to a rule, standard, or belief.
Example
Adherence to rules is crucial in any organization.
遵守规则在任何组织中都至关重要。
C1 adjective ɪˈveɪ.sɪv

evasive

回避的, 狡猾的, 模糊的
Meaning
Tending to avoid commitment or self-revelation, especially by responding only indirectly.
Example
He gave an evasive answer to avoid trouble.
他给出了一个回避的答案，以避免麻烦。
C2 adjective /səˈpʌlkrəl/

sepulchral

与墓葬相关，阴森的
Meaning
Relating to a tomb or burial; gloomy, dismal.
Example
The abandoned house had a sepulchral silence about it.
废弃的房子弥漫着墓葬般的寂静。
B2 noun /ˌaʊtˈsaɪdə(r)/

outsider

局外人
Meaning
a person who is not accepted as a member of a particular group or community
Example
As a new student, she often felt like an outsider at school.
作为新生，她常常觉得自己在学校是个局外人。
B2 verb ˈjuːnɪfaɪ

unify

统一
Meaning
To make or become united, uniform, or whole; to bring together into a single unit.
Example
Adolescents unify with peers for social acceptance.
青少年为了社会接纳与同伴统一。
C1 noun /ˈɡuːs.bʌmps/

goosebumps

鸡皮疙瘩
Meaning
small raised bumps on the skin caused by cold, fear, or excitement
Example
The horror movie gave me goosebumps.
那部恐怖电影让我起了鸡皮疙瘩。
C2 noun /ˈkɒn.tɪ.nəns/

continence

节制
Meaning
self-restraint, especially regarding bodily functions or desires
Example
He practiced continence to maintain focus on his studies.
他练习节制以保持对学业的专注。
C2 verb /əˈɡlɒməˌreɪt/

agglomerate

聚集
Meaning
To collect or form into a mass or group.
Example
The dust particles began to agglomerate into larger clusters.
尘粒开始聚集成更大的团块。
C2 noun /ˈʃaɪstər/

shyster

骗子
Meaning
a person, especially a lawyer, who uses unscrupulous or dishonest methods
Example
The businessman was exposed as a shyster who cheated clients.
这位商人被曝光为一个骗子，他欺骗了客户。
B2 noun ˈfjuː.tʃɚ ˌdʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃənz

future generations

未来几代人
Meaning
People who have not yet been born, considered in terms of the environment or society they will inherit.
Example
Sustainable development ensures a better life for future generations.
可持续发展确保未来几代人更好的生活。
C2 noun /mɪlk raɪs/

Milk rice

牛奶饭
Meaning
A sweet dessert made from rice cooked with milk and sugar
Example
My grandmother makes delicious milk rice for special occasions.
我的祖母为特殊场合做美味的牛奶饭。
B2 adjective /ʌnˈfɪt/

Unfit

不适合; 不适当;
Meaning
not in good physical condition; unsuitable or inappropriate
Example
He was declared unfit for military service due to his poor health.
由于健康状况差，他被宣判不适合军事服务。
B1 adverb /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

Absolutely

完全; 彻底; 毫无例外
Meaning
completely; totally; without exception
Example
I absolutely agree with your decision.
我完全同意你的决定。
A2 adjective, noun /dɛd/

dead

死的
Meaning
No longer alive; the end of life.
Example
The old tree is completely dead.
那棵老树已经完全死了。
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən/

sensitization

敏感化
Meaning
The process of becoming sensitive to a substance, situation, or influence.
Example
The doctor warned about the sensitization caused by repeated exposure to chemicals.
医生警告了由于反复接触化学品引起的敏感化。
C2 adjective /ˈwɪspi/

wispy

细薄而脆弱
Meaning
Thin, delicate, and weak in appearance or form.
Example
Her wispy hair blew gently in the breeze.
她那细薄的头发在微风中轻轻飘动。
C2 noun /pɛnˈtæmɪtər/

pentameter

五步格
Meaning
A line of verse consisting of five metrical feet.
Example
Shakespeare often wrote his plays in iambic pentameter.
莎士比亚常常用五步格写剧本。
C1 noun /ˈwɔːtəʃɛd/

watershed

分水岭, 转折点
Meaning
An event or period marking a turning point in a situation; also refers to a ridge dividing two drainage areas.
Example
The independence movement was a watershed in the nation's history.
独立运动是国家历史中的一个分水岭。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsəʊʃəl/

unsocial

不合群的
Meaning
not enjoying the company of others; avoiding social interaction; contrary to social norms
Example
He prefers unsocial hours so he can work alone without interruptions.
他更喜欢不合群的工作时间来独自工作。
B2 noun /ˌrek.riˈeɪ.ʃən/

Recreation

娱乐活动; 使某物再次存在的过程
Meaning
an activity that is done for enjoyment; the process of making something exist again
Example
The park provides recreation facilities for children and adults.
公园为儿童和成人提供娱乐设施。
B2 noun /heɪl/

Hail

冰雹
Meaning
pellets of frozen rain that fall in showers from cumulonimbus clouds; a greeting or acclaim
Example
The sudden hailstorm damaged many cars in the parking lot with large ice pellets.
突如其来的冰雹风暴用大冰粒损坏了停车场里的许多汽车。
B2 noun /liːk/

Leek

韭菜
Meaning
vegetable related to onion with long green leaves and white bulb, milder than onion
Example
The soup was made with potatoes and leeks.
这道汤是用土豆和韭菜做的。
B2 noun ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəl ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

environmental degradation

环境退化
Meaning
The deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources and destruction of ecosystems.
Example
Environmental degradation threatens biodiversity.
环境退化威胁到生物多样性。
B1 verb /ɪkˈspænd/

expand

扩展
Meaning
To increase in size, number, or importance.
Example
The company plans to expand its operations into new markets.
公司计划将其业务扩展到新市场。
B1 adjective /ˈsuːtəbl/

suitable

合适
Meaning
appropriate or right for a particular person, purpose, or situation
Example
This dress is suitable for the wedding.
这件裙子适合婚礼。
C2 noun /kɛn/

ken

知识范围
Meaning
one's range of knowledge or understanding
Example
Quantum physics is beyond my ken.
量子物理学超出了我的理解范围。
A1 noun /dæd/

dad

爸爸
Meaning
an informal term for father
Example
My dad taught me how to ride a bike.
我爸爸教我骑自行车。
A2 verb /bleɪm/

blame

责怪
Meaning
to hold responsible for a fault; to find fault with
Example
Don't blame me for the mistake.
别把错误怪在我身上。
B1 noun riˈækʃən

reaction

反应
Meaning
An action performed or a feeling experienced in response to a situation or event.
Example
The arrests triggered a reaction.
逮捕引发了反应。
C1 noun (plural of fungus) /ˈfʌndʒaɪ/

fungi

真菌
Meaning
a group of spore-producing organisms such as mushrooms, molds, and yeasts
Example
Fungi play an important role in breaking down organic matter in nature.
真菌在自然界中在分解有机物质方面发挥着重要作用。
C1 noun /ˈɪn.trə.vɜːrt/

introvert

内向
Meaning
A person who tends to be shy and prefers spending time alone rather than in groups.
Example
As an introvert, he preferred reading over attending parties.
作为一个内向的人，他更喜欢读书而不是参加派对。
C2 noun /dʒuːt liːf/

Jute leaf

黄麻叶
Meaning
the edible leaves of the jute plant, commonly eaten as a leafy green vegetable
Example
Jute leaf is rich in vitamins and minerals and is often cooked with lentils in Bengali cuisine.
黄麻叶富含维生素和矿物质，常在孟加拉美食中与扁豆一起煮。
C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.ju.əns/

continuance

持续性
Meaning
the state of continuing or being prolonged; persistence
Example
The continuance of the project depended on securing additional funding.
项目的持续性依赖于确保额外的资金。
B2 noun /ɡroʊθ ˈmaɪnd.sɛt/

growth mindset

成长心态
Meaning
A mindset that believes in learning, developing, and improving skills.
Example
A growth mindset helps individuals embrace challenges.
成长心态帮助个人迎接挑战。
B2 adverb /ˌnɒnˈstɒp/

Non-stop

不停地; 不间断地
Meaning
continuing without stopping; without interruption
Example
The train traveled non-stop from London to Paris.
火车从伦敦到巴黎不停驶行。
A2 verb /ˈkʌv.ərd/

covered

覆盖的
Meaning
Protected by being placed over or wrapped; hidden from view.
Example
The forest is covered in greenery.
森林被绿色覆盖。
B2 verb /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːrs/

reinforce

加固
Meaning
To strengthen or support something with additional material, people, or effort.
Example
The teacher used examples to reinforce the lesson.
老师使用示例来加固这节课。
B2 noun /pəˈzeʃ.ən/

Possession

财产; 所有权; 控制
Meaning
something that belongs to someone; the state of having or owning something
Example
The house has been in their family's possession for generations.
这座房子已经成为他们家族的财产好几代人。
B2 verb /ˈʃætər/

shatter

打碎
Meaning
To break suddenly into many small pieces.
Example
The glass will shatter if you drop it.
玻璃会碎掉，如果你把它摔下去。
C2 adjective /ˌɛfəˈvɛsənt/

effervescent

充满活力
Meaning
Giving off bubbles; lively, enthusiastic, and full of energy.
Example
She had an effervescent personality that brightened every room.
她有着充满活力的个性，照亮了每个房间。
C1 noun /ˈmɪl.ɪ.tənt/

Militant

激进分子
Meaning
A person who uses aggressive or violent methods to promote a political or social cause
Example
The militant group demanded immediate political reforms.
激进分子组织要求立即进行政治改革。
C2 adjective /ˈsiːmi/

seamy

堕落的，肮脏的
Meaning
Morally degraded, unpleasant, or sordid.
Example
The novel reveals the seamy side of city life.
这本小说揭示了城市生活的肮脏一面。
B2 adjective /ˈwʊd biː/

Would-be

有前途的; 可能的;
Meaning
prospective; intending to be; aspiring
Example
The would-be actor practiced his lines every day.
这个有前途的演员每天都在练习台词。