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C1 noun (plural) /ˈɪndɪˌsiːz/

indices

指数
Meaning
plural form of index; statistical measures or reference points used for comparison
Example
Stock market indices fell sharply after the announcement.
公告后，股市指数急剧下跌。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛər/

impair

损害
Meaning
to weaken or damage something, especially a function or ability
Example
Smoking can impair your lung capacity.
吸烟可能会损害您的肺部容量。
C1 noun ˌɪn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si

inefficiency

低效率
Meaning
The state or quality of not achieving maximum productivity; failure to make the best use of time or resources.
Example
Government inefficiency leads to slow project completion.
政府低效率导致项目完成缓慢。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɒm.ni.ə/

Insomnia

失眠
Meaning
habitual sleeplessness; inability to sleep; the condition of being unable to sleep
Example
Her chronic insomnia made it difficult for her to concentrate during work hours.
她的慢性失眠让她在工作时难以集中注意力。
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

流入
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
游客的流入促进了当地经济的发展。
C1 noun ˈɪm.pɪ.təs

impetus

推动力
Meaning
The force or motivation that drives something forward; momentum.
Example
The new policy provided an impetus for economic growth.
新政策为经济增长提供了推动力。
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛfjʊtəbəl/

Irrefutable

不可反驳的
Meaning
impossible to deny or disprove; undeniable
Example
The evidence against him was irrefutable.
对他的证据是不可反驳的。
C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.mə.si/

Intimacy

亲密; 亲近
Meaning
close familiarity or friendship; closeness; a private cozy atmosphere
Example
The couple valued the emotional intimacy they shared more than material possessions.
这对情侣比物质财富更珍视他们分享的情感亲密。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnænɪmət/

inanimate

无生命的物体
Meaning
not alive, especially not in the manner of animals and humans; lifeless
Example
The museum was full of inanimate objects from ancient times.
博物馆里充满了来自古代的无生命物体。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɪzəbl/

indivisible

Meaning
Not able to be divided or separated.
Example
The country's unity was indivisible despite differences.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmuː.və.bəl/

immovable

不可移动
Meaning
Not able to be moved; fixed in position.
Example
Immovable barriers prevent change.
不可移动的障碍阻止了改变。
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

Illogical

不合逻辑的
Meaning
not reasonable or sensible; lacking logic
Example
It would be illogical to go swimming in such cold weather.
在这么冷的天气下游泳是不合逻辑的。
C1 verb /ˈɪtəreɪt/

iterate

迭代
Meaning
To repeat a process or statement, often to improve or refine.
Example
The software team will iterate the design until it meets user needs.
软件团队将反复迭代设计，直到满足用户需求。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvaɪzəbl/

inadvisable

不建议
Meaning
Not recommended; likely to have undesirable consequences.
Example
It is inadvisable to drive in such heavy rain.
在这种大雨中开车是不建议的。
C1 noun /ɪˈnɜː.ʃə/

Inertia

惯性；缺乏活动
Meaning
a tendency to do nothing or remain unchanged; lack of activity or movement
Example
The team's inertia prevented them from adapting to the rapidly changing market conditions.
团队的惯性阻止了他们适应迅速变化的市场条件。
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈmɪt.ənt

intermittent

间歇的
Meaning
Happening irregularly, not continuously.
Example
The rain was intermittent throughout the day.
雨整天都间歇不断。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/

instructive

有教育意义的
Meaning
useful and informative; providing knowledge or instruction
Example
The lecture was highly instructive and engaging.
这场讲座非常有教育意义且引人入胜。
C1 adjective /ˈɪntrɪkət/

intricate

复杂
Meaning
very detailed, complex, and difficult to understand
Example
The artist created an intricate pattern on the wall.
艺术家在墙上创造了一个复杂的图案。
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɪɡ.ər.eɪt/

invigorate

振奋
Meaning
To give strength or energy to someone or something.
Example
A morning walk can invigorate both body and mind.
晨跑可以振奋身心。
C1 adjective /ˌaɪdiəˈlɪstɪk/

Idealistic

理想主义的
Meaning
pursuing high principles or ideals; unrealistically optimistic
Example
She has an idealistic view of changing the world.
她对改变世界有着理想主义的看法。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈskjuːzəbl/

inexcusable

不可原谅的
Meaning
Too bad to be justified or overlooked; unforgivable.
Example
His rude behavior was inexcusable.
他的粗鲁行为是不可原谅的。
C1 adjective ˌɪn.tə.dʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən.əl

intergenerational

代际的，存在于不同代际之间
Meaning
Existing or occurring between different generations of a family.
Example
Intergenerational wisdom ensures cultural continuity.
代际智慧确保文化的延续。
C1 adverb /ɪnˈdɛfɪnətli/

indefinitely

无限期
Meaning
for an unlimited or unspecified period of time
Example
The project has been postponed indefinitely.
该项目已无限期推迟。
C1 noun ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃən

insulation

绝缘
Meaning
Material used to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from being transmitted from one area to another.
Example
Insulation of food storage areas can prevent pests from entering.
食品储存区的绝缘可以防止害虫进入。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtɪv/

inquisitive

好奇的
Meaning
Curious or eager to learn and ask questions.
Example
The inquisitive child asked endless questions about the stars.
那个好奇的孩子问了关于星星无数的问题。
C1 noun ˌɪnfɛsˈteɪʃən

infestation

侵扰, 在某个地方出现异常大量的昆虫或动物
Meaning
The presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, causing damage or disease.
Example
The infestation of ants in the kitchen led to immediate pest control measures.
厨房里蚂蚁的侵扰导致了立即采取害虫控制措施。
C1 adjective, noun /ɪnˈdɪkətɪv/

indicative

指示性
Meaning
Serving as a sign or expression of something; in grammar, a mood used to make factual statements.
Example
His tone was indicative of his frustration.
他的语气表明了他的沮丧。
C1 adjective /ɪˈmoʊbəl/

immobile

无法移动
Meaning
unable to move or be moved
Example
After the accident, he was immobile for weeks.
事故发生后，他几周都无法移动。
C1 adjective /ˈɪndɪɡoʊ bluː/

Indigo-blue

靛蓝
Meaning
a deep blue color with a purplish tinge
Example
The indigo-blue sky looked magnificent at twilight.
在暮光中，靛蓝色的天空看起来壮丽。
C1 adjective /ˌɪmprɪˈsaɪs/

imprecise

不准确
Meaning
Not exact or accurate; vague.
Example
His explanation was too imprecise to be helpful.
他的解释不够准确，无法提供帮助。
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

冒充他人
Meaning
The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.
Example
Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.
网络冒充他人是一种严重的网络犯罪。
C1 noun /ɪnˈædɪkwəsi/

inadequacy

不足
Meaning
lack of sufficient ability, quality, or strength; a feeling of not being good enough
Example
She struggled with feelings of inadequacy at work despite her strong qualifications.
尽管资历很强，她在工作中仍感到不足。
C1 verb /ɪnˈkɑːrsəreɪt/

incarcerate

监禁
Meaning
to imprison or confine someone
Example
The authorities incarcerated the criminal after the trial.
当局在审判后将罪犯监禁。
C1 noun /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪtər/

instigator

煽动者
Meaning
A person who brings about or initiates something, usually something bad.
Example
The police identified him as the instigator of the violence.
警方将他定为暴力的煽动者。
C1 verb /ɪnˈterəˌɡeɪt/

interrogate

审问
Meaning
to ask someone questions in a thorough and formal way; to question intensively
Example
The police interrogated the suspect for hours.
警察审问嫌疑人几个小时。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfɜːm/

infirm

虚弱
Meaning
Weak, especially due to old age or illness.
Example
The infirm old man needed assistance to walk.
那位虚弱的老人需要帮助才能走路。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/

impending

即将来临
Meaning
about to happen soon, usually something unpleasant or threatening
Example
The villagers were worried about the impending flood.
村民们为即将来临的洪水感到担忧。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkɒŋɡruəs/

incongruous

不一致
Meaning
Not fitting in with or suitable for the surroundings.
Example
His jokes were incongruous during the serious meeting.
他的笑话在严肃的会议中显得不一致。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/

incompatibility

不兼容性
Meaning
the state of being unable to exist or work together harmoniously; lack of compatibility
Example
The project failed because of incompatibility between the two software systems.
由于两个软件系统之间的不兼容性，项目失败了。
C1 noun /ˈɪntərˌluːd/

interlude

插曲
Meaning
A short period of time that comes between two events; an interval.
Example
There was a brief musical interlude between the two acts of the play.
在剧本的两个场景之间有一个简短的音乐插曲。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsæn.ə.ti/

Insanity

疯狂; 精神错乱
Meaning
the state of being seriously mentally ill; extreme foolishness or irrationality
Example
The defense lawyer argued that his client was not guilty by reason of insanity.
辩护律师辩称，他的客户因精神错乱而不应被判有罪。
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

不可修复的
Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
事故导致了他脊柱的不可修复损伤。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃ/

impoverish

使贫穷
Meaning
To make someone poor or reduce the quality or richness of something.
Example
The long war impoverished the entire nation.
漫长的战争使整个国家贫困。
C1 noun /ˈɪŋ.krə.mənt/

Increment

增加
Meaning
an increase or addition, especially one of a series on a fixed scale; a regular increase in salary
Example
He received an annual increment of five percent in his salary this year.
他今年获得了五个百分点的年终增加。
C1 adjective /ˈaɪərnˌklæd/

ironclad

铁定的
Meaning
impossible to change, break, or dispute; very strong and firm
Example
The company had an ironclad contract with its suppliers.
公司与其供应商签订了铁定合同。
C1 noun /ˌɪntɪˈmeɪʃən/

intimation

暗示
Meaning
A subtle or indirect hint or suggestion.
Example
She gave no intimation of her plans.
她没有给出任何关于她计划的暗示。
C1 noun ˌɪm.pʌlˈsɪv.ɪ.ti

impulsivity

冲动性
Meaning
The tendency to act quickly and without thought or care; lack of self-control.
Example
His impulsivity led him to make reckless choices.
他的冲动性让他做出了鲁莽的决定。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/

Indecisive

优柔寡断的
Meaning
unable to make decisions quickly; hesitant; wavering
Example
She was indecisive about which university to attend.
她对要去哪个大学犹豫不决。
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈspek.ʃən/

introspection

内省
Meaning
The examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes; self-reflection.
Example
Through introspection, she gained insight into her emotions.
通过内省，她对自己的情感有了更深刻的理解。
C1 adjective /ɪˈmækjələt/

immaculate

完美无瑕
Meaning
perfectly clean, neat, or free from flaws
Example
Her room was immaculate, with everything in its place.
她的房间完美无瑕，一切都井井有条。
C1 verb /ɪnˈfleɪm/

inflame

激起
Meaning
to arouse strong feelings or provoke anger; to cause inflammation in the body
Example
The politician's remarks served to inflame public opinion.
政治家的言论激起了公众舆论的愤怒。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈspjuːtəbəl/

Indisputable

不可争辩的; 不容否认的; 确定的
Meaning
impossible to deny or argue against; undeniable; certain
Example
The evidence against him was indisputable.
反对他的证据是不可争辩的。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈstɪŋk.tɪv/

instinctive

本能的, 自然的, 自动的
Meaning
Based on instinct; done without conscious thought; natural and automatic.
Example
His instinctive reaction saved his life.
他的本能反应救了他的生命。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛrɪl/

imperil

使处于危险中
Meaning
To put in danger or at risk.
Example
Reckless driving can imperil the lives of others.
鲁莽驾驶可能会危及他人的生命。
C1 adjective /ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/

illegitimate

非法
Meaning
Not authorized by law, rules, or standards; not recognized as valid.
Example
The court ruled the contract to be illegitimate.
法院裁定合同是非法的。
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈdɪs.ɪ.plɪ.nər.i

interdisciplinary

跨学科的
Meaning
Relating to more than one branch of knowledge.
Example
The interdisciplinary approach in education enhances problem-solving skills.
教育中的跨学科方法提高了解决问题的能力。
C1 verb /ɪmˈploʊd/

implode

内爆
Meaning
To collapse or burst inward violently.
Example
The old building imploded during the demolition.
老建筑在拆除时发生了内爆。
C1 noun /ˈɪnlɛt/

inlet

水道口
Meaning
A small arm of the sea, a lake, or a river; an opening or passage for entry.
Example
The boat entered a narrow inlet along the coast.
船只进入了沿海的一条狭窄的水道口。
C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/

interchangeable

可互换的
Meaning
able to be exchanged with each other without difference or loss of function
Example
These machine parts are interchangeable, so they can be replaced easily.
这些机器部件是可互换的，所以它们可以轻松地被替换。
C1 noun /ˈɪrɪtənt/

irritant

刺激物
Meaning
something that causes irritation or discomfort
Example
Dust is a common irritant for people with allergies.
灰尘是过敏者常见的刺激物。
C1 adjective /ˌɪməˈtɪəriəl/

immaterial

无关紧要
Meaning
Not important or relevant; lacking physical substance.
Example
The judge ruled that the argument was immaterial to the case.
法官裁定，该论点与案件无关。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsek.tɪ.saɪd/

Insecticide

杀虫剂
Meaning
a substance used for killing insects; a chemical pesticide that targets insects
Example
The farmer sprayed insecticide on his crops to protect them from harmful bugs.
农民在作物上喷洒杀虫剂，以保护它们免受有害昆虫的侵害。
C1 noun ɪmˈpɛə(r)mənt

impairment

损伤, 残疾
Meaning
The state of being damaged or weakened; a disability or handicap.
Example
Hearing impairment can be caused by long-term exposure to loud noise.
听力损失可能是由长时间暴露于大声噪音造成的。
C1 noun /ˌɪrɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/

irresponsibility

不负责任
Meaning
lack of responsibility or accountability; failure to act in a reliable or sensible way
Example
The accident was caused by his irresponsibility at work.
事故是由于他在工作中的不负责任造成的。
C1 noun /ˈɪn.fən.tri/

Infantry

步兵
Meaning
soldiers marching or fighting on foot; foot soldiers collectively
Example
The infantry advanced across the battlefield on foot.
步兵在战场上走路前进。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʒʊəriəs/

injurious

有害的
Meaning
Causing or likely to cause harm or damage.
Example
Smoking is injurious to health.
吸烟对健康有害。
C1 adjective ˌɪn.trəˈspek.tɪv

introspective

内省的
Meaning
Characterized by or given to introspection; examining one's own thoughts and feelings.
Example
Writers tend to be highly introspective individuals.
作家通常是高度内省的人。
C1 noun /ˈaɪsətəʊp/

isotope

同位素
Meaning
Atoms of the same element with equal number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Example
Carbon-14 is a radioactive isotope used in dating fossils.
碳-14 是一种放射性同位素，用于化石的年代测定。
C1 noun ˌɪn.tuˈɪʃ.ən

intuition

直觉
Meaning
The ability to understand something immediately, without the need for conscious reasoning.
Example
Her intuition told her something was wrong.
她的直觉告诉她有些不对劲。
C1 verb /ɪnˈkrɪmɪˌneɪt/

incriminate

使犯罪
Meaning
to make someone appear guilty of a crime or wrongdoing
Example
The new evidence could incriminate the suspect in the robbery case.
新证据可能会让嫌疑犯在抢劫案件中使犯罪。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːd/

impede

阻碍
Meaning
To obstruct or hinder the progress or development of something.
Example
Lack of funds can impede business growth.
资金短缺可能阻碍商业增长。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɒlvənt/

insolvent

破产
Meaning
unable to pay debts owed
Example
The insolvent firm could not meet its financial obligations.
破产公司无法履行其财务义务。
C1 adjective /ˈɪnsjələr/

insular

狭隘的，岛屿相关的
Meaning
Narrow-minded, isolated, or relating to an island.
Example
The community was criticized for its insular attitudes toward outsiders.
该社区因其对外来者的封闭态度而受到批评。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈtɛntɪv/

inattentive

不专心的
Meaning
not paying attention; lacking focus or concentration
Example
The inattentive student missed several important instructions.
那个不专心的学生错过了几条重要指示。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnækˈsɛsəbl/

inaccessible

无法接近
Meaning
unable to be reached, entered, or understood
Example
The remote village is almost inaccessible during the rainy season.
这个偏远的村庄在雨季几乎是无法接近的。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfriːkwənt/

infrequent

不频繁
Meaning
Happening rarely or not often.
Example
He made infrequent visits to his hometown after moving abroad.
他在搬到国外后，偶尔才回家乡。
C1 noun /ˌɪməˈrælɪti/

immorality

不道德
Meaning
the quality of being immoral; behavior that violates accepted moral standards
Example
The community condemned the immorality of the corrupt officials.
社会谴责了腐败官员的不道德行为。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskriːt/

indiscreet

不谨慎
Meaning
Not careful in what one says or does, likely to reveal secrets or offend.
Example
It was indiscreet of him to mention the plan in public.
他在公众场合提到计划是不谨慎的。
C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈprɛsəbl̩/

irrepressible

不可抑制的
Meaning
Impossible to control or restrain.
Example
She had an irrepressible urge to laugh during the speech.
她在演讲中无法掩饰自己无法抑制的笑意。
C1 noun /ˈɪnˌmeɪt/

inmate

囚犯
Meaning
a person confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital
Example
The prison has over a thousand inmates.
监狱里有超过一千名囚犯。
C1 noun ɪnˌɛv.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

inevitability

必然性
Meaning
The quality of being certain to happen and impossible to avoid or prevent.
Example
The inevitability of change is a part of life.
变化的必然性是生活的一部分。
C1 noun ˌɪntədɪˈpɛndənsi

interdependency

相互依存
Meaning
The dependence of two or more people or things on each other.
Example
The interdependency of the countries led to greater cooperation.
各国之间的相互依存促进了更大的合作。
C1 verb /ɪnˈsɪnjueɪt/

insinuate

Meaning
To suggest or hint something indirectly and often unpleasantly.
Example
He insinuated that she had lied about her qualifications.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtruːd/

intrude

侵入
Meaning
To enter a place or situation where one is not wanted or not invited.
Example
He felt embarrassed to intrude on their private conversation.
他感到很尴尬，打扰了他们的私人谈话。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːtʃ/

impeach

Meaning
To charge a public official with misconduct while in office.
Example
The parliament voted to impeach the president.
C1 noun /ɪnˈkɜːrʒən/

incursion

入侵
Meaning
A sudden attack or invasion into a place or territory.
Example
The army repelled the enemy incursion at the border.
军队在边境击退了敌人的入侵。
C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜːməri/

infirmary

医务室
Meaning
A hospital or place where the sick or injured are cared for.
Example
The school had an infirmary for minor injuries.
学校为轻微受伤提供了医务室。
C1 verb /ɪnˈdʌkt/

induct

Meaning
to formally admit someone into a position, organization, or office
Example
She was inducted into the university's honor society.
C1 verb /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪt/

incubate

孵化
Meaning
to keep eggs, cells, or organisms at the right conditions for development
Example
The hen will incubate the eggs until they hatch.
母鸡会孵化蛋直到它们孵化。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnhɒˈspɪtəbl/

inhospitable

不适宜居住的
Meaning
Harsh and difficult to live in; unfriendly or unwelcoming to guests.
Example
The desert is an inhospitable environment for most plants.
沙漠是大多数植物无法生存的环境。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

Innumerable

无数; 无尽; 无限
Meaning
too many to be counted; countless; infinite in number
Example
There are innumerable stars in the night sky that we cannot see with our naked eyes.
夜空中有无数的星星，我们无法用肉眼看到。
C1 noun /ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən/

illumination

Meaning
the act of lighting something or making something clear
Example
The street was filled with bright illumination from the lamps.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrəns/

incoherence

不一致
Meaning
The quality of being unclear, confused, or lacking logical connection.
Example
His speech was full of incoherence and difficult to follow.
他的演讲充满了不一致，难以跟随。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/

instantaneous

即时
Meaning
Happening immediately, without any delay.
Example
The change in temperature was almost instantaneous.
温度变化几乎是即时的。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpæʃənd/

impassioned

充满激情的
Meaning
Filled with or showing great emotion.
Example
She gave an impassioned speech about human rights.
她发表了关于人权的充满激情的演讲。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːʃən/

insertion

插入
Meaning
the action of inserting something into something else
Example
The insertion of the new data was completed successfully.
新数据的插入已成功完成。
C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl səˈpɔːrt

indispensable support

不可或缺的支持
Meaning
Essential assistance that cannot be done without; absolutely necessary help.
Example
Volunteers provide indispensable support to communities.
志愿者为社区提供不可或缺的支持。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdetɪd/

Indebted

负债的; 感激的
Meaning
owing money or gratitude to someone; obligated; grateful
Example
I am deeply indebted to my teacher for all her guidance.
我对我的老师为我提供的所有指导深感感激。
C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈvɜːrsəbl/

irreversible

不可逆的
Meaning
Not able to be undone, changed, or reversed.
Example
The damage caused by the fire was irreversible.
火灾造成的损失是不可逆的。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɜːrdʒənt/

insurgent

起义者
Meaning
A person who rises in revolt against authority or government.
Example
The army arrested several insurgents after the attack.
军队在袭击后逮捕了几名起义者。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪstənt/

insistent

坚持的
Meaning
demanding something firmly and refusing to accept no
Example
The child was insistent on getting a new toy.
孩子坚持要得到一个新玩具。
C1 adjective ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs

ingenious

巧妙
Meaning
Showing inventiveness and skill; clever, original, and inventive.
Example
His ingenious ideas transformed modern physics.
他的巧妙想法改变了现代物理学。
C1 adjective /ɪˈledʒ.ə.bəl/

illegible

难以辨认
Meaning
Not clear enough to be read; unreadable.
Example
The doctor’s handwriting was almost illegible.
医生的字迹几乎难以辨认。
C1 adjective ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk

intrinsic

内在的, 本质的, 自然的
Meaning
Belonging naturally; essential. Existing as a natural or basic part of something.
Example
Creativity is an intrinsic quality of a great artist.
创造力是伟大艺术家的内在品质。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌldʒənt/

indulgent

宽容的
Meaning
Having a tendency to be overly generous or lenient with someone.
Example
The indulgent mother allowed her child to stay up late.
宽容的母亲让孩子晚点才睡。
C1 verb /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənəlaɪz/

institutionalize

制度化
Meaning
to establish something as a formal institution, custom, or practice
Example
The government seeks to institutionalize environmental protection.
政府致力于将环境保护制度化。
C1 noun /ˌaɪ.diˈɒl.ə.dʒi/

ideology

意识形态
Meaning
A system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.
Example
Democracy is based on the ideology of freedom and equality.
民主基于自由和平等的意识形态。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt/

inadvertent

无意的, 非故意的
Meaning
Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning; unintentional.
Example
Her inadvertent mistake caused a delay in the project.
她的无意错误导致了项目的延迟。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsʌf.ər.ə.bəl/

insufferable

无法忍受
Meaning
Too extreme to bear; intolerable.
Example
The heat during the summer was insufferable.
夏天的炎热是无法忍受的。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

不可接受
Meaning
Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.
Example
The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.
法官宣布证据不可接受。
C1 adjective ɪnˈdel.ə.bəl

indelible

不可磨灭的
Meaning
Making marks that cannot be removed; impossible to forget or remove.
Example
Her speech left an indelible mark on the audience.
她的演讲给观众留下了不可磨灭的印象。
C1 noun /ɪnˈhɛrɪtər/

inheritor

继承人
Meaning
a person who receives money, property, or a title when someone dies
Example
She became the inheritor of her family's estate.
她成为了家族财产的继承人。
C1 noun /ˈɪntrɪkəsi/

intricacy

复杂性
Meaning
the quality of being very detailed or complicated
Example
The intricacy of the design impressed everyone.
设计的复杂性给每个人留下了深刻印象。
C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtwaɪnd/

intertwined

幸福
Meaning
closely connected or twisted together
Example
Their lives became deeply intertwined after the accident.
当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səˈbɔːr.dɪ.nət/

insubordinate

不服从
Meaning
Defiant of authority; disobedient to orders.
Example
The insubordinate employee refused to follow the manager's instructions.
不服从的员工拒绝遵循经理的指示。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

无懈可击
Meaning
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Example
Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.
她的判断在财务问题上似乎无懈可击。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsaɪtmənt/

incitement

煽动
Meaning
the action of provoking unlawful or violent behavior
Example
He was arrested for incitement to riot.
他因煽动暴乱被逮捕。
C1 noun /aɪl/

isle

小岛
Meaning
A small island or peninsula, often poetic or literary.
Example
They spent their honeymoon on a beautiful tropical isle.
他们在一个美丽的热带小岛上度过了他们的蜜月。
C1 adjective ɪnˈkʌm.bənt

incumbent

有义务的
Meaning
necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.
Example
It is incumbent upon all citizens to obey the law.
所有公民都有义务遵守法律。
C1 adverb ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪ.kli

intrinsically

内在地
Meaning
In a way that is naturally or inherently part of something's essential nature.
Example
Some people are intrinsically motivated to learn.
有些人内在地受到学习的激励。
C1 noun /ˌɪntəkəˈnɛktɪvɪti/

interconnectivity

互联互通
Meaning
The state of being interconnected or the degree of connectivity between components
Example
The rise of interconnectivity has transformed global communication.
互联互通的兴起已经改变了全球通信。