imprecise
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C1 adjective /ˌɪmprɪˈsaɪs/

imprecise

不准确
Meaning
Not exact or accurate; vague.
Example
His explanation was too imprecise to be helpful.
他的解释不够准确，无法提供帮助。
C1 noun /ˈɪmɪnəns/

imminence

即将发生，临近状态
Meaning
the state of being about to happen
Example
The imminence of the storm forced people to take shelter.
风暴的临近使人们不得不寻找庇护所。
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɪɡ.ər.eɪt/

invigorate

振奋
Meaning
To give strength or energy to someone or something.
Example
A morning walk can invigorate both body and mind.
晨跑可以振奋身心。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/

incompatibility

不兼容性
Meaning
the state of being unable to exist or work together harmoniously; lack of compatibility
Example
The project failed because of incompatibility between the two software systems.
由于两个软件系统之间的不兼容性，项目失败了。
C1 noun /ɪmˈprɪzənmənt/

imprisonment

监禁
Meaning
the act of putting someone in prison; the state of being confined as punishment
Example
He faced imprisonment for violating the court order.
他因违反法院命令而面临监禁。
C1 noun /ɪˌreɡjəˈlærɪti/

irregularity

不规则性
Meaning
lack of regularity or consistency; a deviation from what is normal, expected, or orderly
Example
The audit revealed several financial irregularities in the company’s records.
审计发现该公司的记录中存在多项财务不规则性。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɛlɪdʒəbəl/

Ineligible

不合格; 不适合; 无资格
Meaning
not qualified or entitled to participate or be chosen; unsuitable
Example
Students with poor grades are ineligible for the scholarship program.
成绩差的学生不符合奖学金计划的资格。
C1 noun /ɪnˈkɜːrʒən/

incursion

入侵
Meaning
A sudden attack or invasion into a place or territory.
Example
The army repelled the enemy incursion at the border.
军队在边境击退了敌人的入侵。
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˌɒpərəˈbɪləti/

interoperability

互操作性
Meaning
The ability of computer systems or software to exchange and make use of information.
Example
The interoperability of different software systems ensures seamless workflow.
不同软件系统的互操作性确保了无缝的工作流程。
C1 verb /ˈɪtəreɪt/

iterate

迭代
Meaning
To repeat a process or statement, often to improve or refine.
Example
The software team will iterate the design until it meets user needs.
软件团队将反复迭代设计，直到满足用户需求。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɑːlənˌtɛri/

involuntary

不由自主
Meaning
done without will or conscious control
Example
He gave an involuntary shiver when he heard the loud noise.
他听到响亮的声音时不由自主地打了个寒战。
C1 noun /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtəns/

incompetence

不称职
Meaning
Lack of ability, skill, or effectiveness in doing something.
Example
The project failed due to the manager’s incompetence.
由于经理的不称职，项目失败了。
C1 verb /ɪnˈfɛst/

infest

感染
Meaning
to overrun in large numbers, especially so as to cause damage or discomfort
Example
The old house was infested with rats.
老房子被老鼠感染。
C1 adjective /ˈɪnbɔːrn/

Inborn

与生俱来的; 天生的; 内在的
Meaning
existing from birth; natural; inherent
Example
She has an inborn talent for music.
她有天生的音乐才能。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɒm.ni.ə/

Insomnia

失眠
Meaning
habitual sleeplessness; inability to sleep; the condition of being unable to sleep
Example
Her chronic insomnia made it difficult for her to concentrate during work hours.
她的慢性失眠让她在工作时难以集中注意力。
C1 noun /ˌɪmpɔːrˈteɪʃən/

importation

进口
Meaning
The act of bringing goods or services into a country from abroad
Example
The importation of luxury goods is strictly regulated.
奢侈品的进口受到严格监管。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtræk.tə.bəl/

intractable

无法控制
Meaning
Difficult or impossible to manage, control, or solve.
Example
The conflict has become an intractable problem.
冲突已经成为一个无法控制的问题。
C1 verb /ɪnˈfjʊərieɪt/

infuriate

激怒
Meaning
To make someone extremely angry.
Example
His careless remarks infuriated the entire team.
他的不小心评论让整个团队生气。
C1 noun /ɪˈmɜː.ʃən/

immersion

沉浸
Meaning
Complete engagement in an environment or experience.
Example
Immersion in VR games makes users feel like they are inside the virtual world.
沉浸在虚拟现实游戏中让用户感觉自己仿佛置身于虚拟世界。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋkt/

indistinct

模糊的
Meaning
Not clear or sharply defined; vague or blurred.
Example
The sound of voices was indistinct in the distance.
远处的声音是模糊的。
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɪsɪt/

illicit

非法的
Meaning
Forbidden by law, rules, or custom.
Example
The police shut down the illicit drug operation.
警方关闭了非法毒品交易。
C1 noun /ˌɪntɪˈmeɪʃən/

intimation

暗示
Meaning
A subtle or indirect hint or suggestion.
Example
She gave no intimation of her plans.
她没有给出任何关于她计划的暗示。
C1 noun /ˌɪndɪˈdʒɛstʃən/

indigestion

Meaning
Discomfort or pain in the stomach associated with difficulty in digesting food.
Example
He avoided spicy food because it often gave him indigestion.
C1 adjective ɪmˈpɛkəbl

impeccable

完美无瑕
Meaning
In accordance with the highest standards; faultless.
Example
His impeccable taste in fashion was admired by all his peers.
他的完美品味在时尚界得到了所有同事的赞赏。
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

不可修复的
Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
事故导致了他脊柱的不可修复损伤。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

inconsistency

不一致
Meaning
The quality of being contradictory, irregular, or not staying the same.
Example
There is an inconsistency between his words and actions.
他的话语和行为之间存在不一致。
C1 noun /ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/

indictment

起诉书
Meaning
a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime
Example
The indictment accused the company of multiple violations.
起诉书指控公司存在多项违规行为。
C1 noun /ɪˈnɜː.ʃə/

Inertia

惯性；缺乏活动
Meaning
a tendency to do nothing or remain unchanged; lack of activity or movement
Example
The team's inertia prevented them from adapting to the rapidly changing market conditions.
团队的惯性阻止了他们适应迅速变化的市场条件。
C1 noun ˌɪnsjʊˈleɪʃən

insulation

绝缘
Meaning
Material used to prevent heat, sound, or electricity from being transmitted from one area to another.
Example
Insulation of food storage areas can prevent pests from entering.
食品储存区的绝缘可以防止害虫进入。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɔːrdənət/

inordinate

过度的
Meaning
Excessive or unusually large in degree.
Example
She spent an inordinate amount of time on her phone.
她在手机上花费了过多的时间。
C1 noun ɪnˈsɒl.vən.si

insolvency

破产
Meaning
The state of being unable to pay debts owed; bankruptcy.
Example
The company declared insolvency after years of losses.
公司在多年的亏损后宣布破产。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

Indescribable

无法形容
Meaning
impossible to describe or express in words; beyond description
Example
The beauty of the sunset was indescribable.
夕阳的美丽是无法形容的。
C1 noun /ˌɪnˈdɪsəplɪn/

indiscipline

缺乏纪律
Meaning
lack of discipline or self-control; failure to obey rules or maintain order
Example
Indiscipline among the students disrupted the learning environment.
学生的缺乏纪律破坏了学习环境。
C1 noun /ɪnˈækjʊrəsi/

inaccuracy

不准确
Meaning
lack of accuracy or precision; an incorrect or wrong detail
Example
The report contained several factual inaccuracies.
这份报告包含了一些不准确之处。
C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛd.ɪ.mənt/

impediment

障碍
Meaning
A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; something that prevents progress.
Example
Lack of funds is a major impediment to the project.
资金不足是项目的主要障碍。
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˈmiːdiˌɛri/

intermediary

中介
Meaning
A person who acts as a link between people in order to try to bring about an agreement; a mediator.
Example
The diplomat served as an intermediary between the two conflicting nations.
外交官作为两国冲突中的中介起到了作用。
C1 adverb, adjective /ˌɪnkɑːɡˈniːtoʊ/

incognito

匿名
Meaning
In disguise or with one's identity concealed.
Example
The celebrity traveled incognito to avoid the paparazzi.
名人为了避免狗仔队，匿名旅行。
C1 adjective /ɪˈræʃənəl/

irrational

非理性
Meaning
not logical or reasonable; lacking clear thought
Example
His fear of the dark was completely irrational.
他对黑暗的恐惧完全是非理性的。
C1 noun/verb /ˈɪmprɪnt/

imprint

印记
Meaning
A mark or impression made by pressure; to establish or fix firmly in someone's mind.
Example
The event left an indelible imprint on the city's history.
这一事件在这座城市的历史上留下了不可磨灭的印记。
C1 noun /ˈɪnsɪdəns/

incidence

事件发生率
Meaning
the occurrence, rate, or frequency of something
Example
The incidence of road accidents has decreased this year.
今年道路事故的发生率有所下降。
C1 adjective /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

ideological

意识形态的
Meaning
Relating to or based on a system of ideas or beliefs.
Example
The two parties are divided by deep ideological differences.
这两个党派由于深刻的意识形态分歧而分裂。
C1 noun ɪˌræʃ.ənˈæl.ɪ.ti

irrationality

非理性, 不合理, 荒谬
Meaning
The quality of being illogical or unreasonable; lack of rational thought.
Example
His decision was driven by complete irrationality.
他的决定完全是基于非理性。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdetɪd/

Indebted

负债的; 感激的
Meaning
owing money or gratitude to someone; obligated; grateful
Example
I am deeply indebted to my teacher for all her guidance.
我对我的老师为我提供的所有指导深感感激。
C1 verb /aɪˈdiː.ə.laɪz/

idealize

理想化
Meaning
To regard or represent something as perfect or better than it really is.
Example
Children often idealize their parents.
孩子们常常理想化他们的父母。
C1 noun /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃən/

inclination

倾向
Meaning
A natural tendency or urge to act or feel in a particular way.
Example
She has an inclination towards helping others.
她有帮助他人的倾向。
C1 noun /ˈɪnkwest/

inquest

调查
Meaning
A legal or official inquiry, especially into the cause of a death.
Example
The inquest revealed the cause of the accident.
调查揭示了事故的原因。
C1 adjective /ɪˈniː.bri.eɪ.tɪd/

inebriated

醉酒
Meaning
under the influence of alcohol; drunk
Example
He stumbled into the room completely inebriated.
他完全醉了，踉跄地走进了房间。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnænɪmət/

inanimate

无生命的物体
Meaning
not alive, especially not in the manner of animals and humans; lifeless
Example
The museum was full of inanimate objects from ancient times.
博物馆里充满了来自古代的无生命物体。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛər/

impair

损害
Meaning
to weaken or damage something, especially a function or ability
Example
Smoking can impair your lung capacity.
吸烟可能会损害您的肺部容量。
C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

交叉
Meaning
to cross or pass through each other
Example
The two roads intersect at the city center.
这两条道路在市中心交汇。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsek.tɪ.saɪd/

Insecticide

杀虫剂
Meaning
a substance used for killing insects; a chemical pesticide that targets insects
Example
The farmer sprayed insecticide on his crops to protect them from harmful bugs.
农民在作物上喷洒杀虫剂，以保护它们免受有害昆虫的侵害。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛrɪl/

imperil

使处于危险中
Meaning
To put in danger or at risk.
Example
Reckless driving can imperil the lives of others.
鲁莽驾驶可能会危及他人的生命。
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɜːrt/

invert

翻转
Meaning
To turn something upside down or in the opposite position, order, or direction.
Example
He inverted the glass to let the water drain out.
他翻转了玻璃杯，让水流出来。
C1 noun /ɪˈrɛlɪvənsi/

irrelevancy

无关性
Meaning
the state of being unrelated or unimportant to the matter at hand
Example
The judge dismissed the argument because of its irrelevancy to the case.
法官因该论点与案件无关而将其驳回。
C1 adjective /ɪˈmuː.və.bəl/

immovable

不可移动
Meaning
Not able to be moved; fixed in position.
Example
Immovable barriers prevent change.
不可移动的障碍阻止了改变。
C1 verb /ɪnˈdʌkt/

induct

Meaning
to formally admit someone into a position, organization, or office
Example
She was inducted into the university's honor society.
C1 noun /ɪnˈhɛrɪtər/

inheritor

继承人
Meaning
a person who receives money, property, or a title when someone dies
Example
She became the inheritor of her family's estate.
她成为了家族财产的继承人。
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səˈbɔːr.dɪ.nət/

insubordinate

不服从
Meaning
Defiant of authority; disobedient to orders.
Example
The insubordinate employee refused to follow the manager's instructions.
不服从的员工拒绝遵循经理的指示。
C1 adjective; noun /ɪˈmɔːrtl/

immortal

不朽的
Meaning
living forever; never dying; lasting forever in fame or memory
Example
Legends often describe heroes as immortal beings who never die.
传说中英雄是不朽的存在。
C1 adjective /ɪˈneɪn/

inane

无意义的, 傻的
Meaning
lacking sense, meaning, or significance; silly or pointless
Example
The movie was criticized for its inane dialogue.
这部电影因其无意义的对话而受到批评。
C1 adjective /ˈɪmpətənt/

impotent

无能
Meaning
Lacking power, ability, or strength to take effective action.
Example
The citizens felt impotent against the corrupt system.
公民在腐败的系统面前感到无能为力。
C1 noun /ˈɪtʃ.i.nəs/

itchiness

痒
Meaning
The quality or condition of feeling an irritating sensation on the skin that causes a desire to scratch.
Example
Eye itchiness often leads to rubbing.
眼睛的痒感常常导致揉搓。
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɪzəbl/

indivisible

Meaning
Not able to be divided or separated.
Example
The country's unity was indivisible despite differences.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvɜːrtənt/

inadvertent

无意的, 非故意的
Meaning
Not resulting from or achieved through deliberate planning; unintentional.
Example
Her inadvertent mistake caused a delay in the project.
她的无意错误导致了项目的延迟。
C1 adjective /ˈɪɡ.ni.əs/

igneous

火成
Meaning
Formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
Example
Granite is an igneous rock commonly used in construction.
花岗岩是一种常用于建筑的火成岩。
C1 adjective /ɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

Innumerable

无数; 无尽; 无限
Meaning
too many to be counted; countless; infinite in number
Example
There are innumerable stars in the night sky that we cannot see with our naked eyes.
夜空中有无数的星星，我们无法用肉眼看到。
C1 adjective ɪnˈkʌm.bənt

incumbent

有义务的
Meaning
necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.
Example
It is incumbent upon all citizens to obey the law.
所有公民都有义务遵守法律。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪstənt/

insistent

坚持的
Meaning
demanding something firmly and refusing to accept no
Example
The child was insistent on getting a new toy.
孩子坚持要得到一个新玩具。
C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl̩ ˈkɒmpɪtənsi

indispensable competency

不可或缺的能力
Meaning
Essential skill or ability that cannot be done without; a crucial capability that is absolutely necessary.
Example
Digital literacy is an indispensable competency in the 21st century.
数字素养是21世纪不可或缺的能力。
C1 verb /ˌɪn.trəˈspekt/

introspect

自我反省
Meaning
To examine one's own thoughts, feelings, or mental state.
Example
He often introspects before making important decisions.
他常常在做重要决策之前 introspect
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

incomprehensible

难以理解的
Meaning
Impossible or very difficult to understand.
Example
The professor’s lecture was so fast it became incomprehensible.
教授的讲座太快了，以至于变得难以理解。
C1 noun /ˌɪnɪkˈspɪəriəns/

inexperience

缺乏经验
Meaning
Lack of knowledge or skill in a particular activity or field.
Example
His inexperience in handling negotiations was evident.
他在谈判中的缺乏经验显而易见。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃəbl̩/

insatiable

不可满足的
Meaning
impossible to satisfy; always wanting more
Example
Her insatiable curiosity drove her to read every book in the library.
她那不可满足的好奇心促使她阅读了图书馆里的所有书籍。
C1 adjective /ˈɪrɪtəbl/

irritable

Meaning
easily annoyed or made angry
Example
She became irritable after working long hours without rest.
C1 noun /ˌɪnækˈtɪvɪti/

inactivity

不活动
Meaning
the state of not being active physically or mentally; lack of action
Example
Prolonged inactivity can negatively affect both physical and mental health.
长期不活动会对身体和心理健康产生负面影响。
C1 noun /ɪˈmiːdiəsi/

immediacy

即时性, 紧迫感
Meaning
The quality of bringing one into direct and instant involvement with something, giving rise to a sense of urgency or excitement.
Example
The immediacy of digital communication has reshaped business operations.
数字通信的即时性已经改变了商业操作。
C1 noun ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs trəˈdɪʃənz

Indigenous Traditions

原住民传统
Meaning
Cultural practices, beliefs, and customs that have been passed down through generations among native peoples.
Example
Indigenous traditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts are unique.
吉大港山区的原住民传统独特。
C1 noun /ˌaɪ.diˈɒl.ə.dʒi/

ideology

意识形态
Meaning
A system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.
Example
Democracy is based on the ideology of freedom and equality.
民主基于自由和平等的意识形态。
C1 noun /ˈɪnˌmeɪt/

inmate

囚犯
Meaning
a person confined to an institution such as a prison or hospital
Example
The prison has over a thousand inmates.
监狱里有超过一千名囚犯。
C1 adverb /ˌɪn.ədˈvɜːr.tənt.li/

Inadvertently

无意中; 不小心; 错误地
Meaning
without being aware of what you are doing; unintentionally; by mistake
Example
She inadvertently deleted the important file while cleaning her computer.
她在清理计算机时无意中删除了重要文件。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

不可接受
Meaning
Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.
Example
The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.
法官宣布证据不可接受。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjʊlət/

inarticulate

含糊不清
Meaning
Unable to express oneself clearly or effectively in speech or writing.
Example
She became inarticulate with emotion during the speech.
她在演讲中因为情绪而变得含糊不清。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪdiəs/

insidious

阴险的
Meaning
Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way but with harmful effects.
Example
The insidious spread of misinformation can damage trust.
错误信息的阴险传播可能会损害信任。
C1 adjective /ˈɪntrɪkət/

intricate

复杂
Meaning
very detailed, complex, and difficult to understand
Example
The artist created an intricate pattern on the wall.
艺术家在墙上创造了一个复杂的图案。
C1 verb /ɪmˈploʊd/

implode

内爆
Meaning
To collapse or burst inward violently.
Example
The old building imploded during the demolition.
老建筑在拆除时发生了内爆。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvæljʊəbl/

invaluable

无价
Meaning
Extremely useful or indispensable.
Example
Her advice proved invaluable to my success.
她的建议对我的成功起到了无可估量的作用。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

无懈可击
Meaning
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Example
Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.
她的判断在财务问题上似乎无懈可击。
C1 noun /ɪnˈfɜː.mə.ti/

Infirmity

虚弱；疾病；虚弱
Meaning
physical or mental weakness; a disease or ailment; frailty
Example
Despite his advanced age and various infirmities, he remained mentally sharp and alert.
尽管他年事已高，且有多种病痛，他仍保持着敏捷和警觉。
C1 noun /ɪˈreləvəns/

irrelevance

无关性
Meaning
the quality of not being connected to or important for a particular matter; lack of significance
Example
His long explanation only highlighted the irrelevance of the details to the main issue.
他冗长的解释只凸显了这些细节与主要问题的无关性。
C1 verb /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənəlaɪz/

institutionalize

制度化
Meaning
to establish something as a formal institution, custom, or practice
Example
The government seeks to institutionalize environmental protection.
政府致力于将环境保护制度化。
C1 adjective /ˌɪlɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/

illegitimate

非法
Meaning
Not authorized by law, rules, or standards; not recognized as valid.
Example
The court ruled the contract to be illegitimate.
法院裁定合同是非法的。
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛvərənt/

irreverent

不敬的
Meaning
showing a lack of respect for people or things that are usually respected
Example
The comedian’s irreverent jokes offended some of the audience.
那位喜剧演员的不敬笑话冒犯了一些观众。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪdərət/

inconsiderate

不体贴
Meaning
Thoughtless; showing a lack of concern for others.
Example
It was inconsiderate of him to play loud music late at night.
他在深夜播放大声音乐，显得很不体贴。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfriːkwənt/

infrequent

不频繁
Meaning
Happening rarely or not often.
Example
He made infrequent visits to his hometown after moving abroad.
他在搬到国外后，偶尔才回家乡。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpjʊər/

Impure

不纯
Meaning
contaminated; not clean; mixed with foreign substances
Example
The impure water caused health problems in the village.
不纯的水在村庄里引起了健康问题。
C1 noun /ˌɪnkwɪˈzɪʃən/

inquisition

宗教裁判
Meaning
A prolonged and intense questioning or investigation, often harsh in nature.
Example
The journalist faced an inquisition from the panel about his sources.
记者面对小组对他消息来源的严厉质询。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnækˈsɛsəbl/

inaccessible

无法接近
Meaning
unable to be reached, entered, or understood
Example
The remote village is almost inaccessible during the rainy season.
这个偏远的村庄在雨季几乎是无法接近的。
C1 verb /ɪnˈsaɪt/

incite

煽动
Meaning
to provoke; to stir up
Example
His speech incited the crowd to violence.
他的演讲激起了人群的暴力。
C1 noun /ɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən/

intimidation

威胁
Meaning
The action of frightening or threatening someone to make them do something.
Example
The workers reported cases of intimidation by the management.
工人报告了管理层威胁的案例。
C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

僵局
Meaning
A situation where no progress is possible.
Example
The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.
谈判陷入僵局，导致协议被推迟。
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛfjʊtəbəl/

Irrefutable

不可反驳的
Meaning
impossible to deny or disprove; undeniable
Example
The evidence against him was irrefutable.
对他的证据是不可反驳的。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

抑制的
Meaning
Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.
Example
He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.
他太抑制自己，无法表达真实的感受。
C1 adjective, noun /ɪnˈdɪkətɪv/

indicative

指示性
Meaning
Serving as a sign or expression of something; in grammar, a mood used to make factual statements.
Example
His tone was indicative of his frustration.
他的语气表明了他的沮丧。
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˈdʒɛkʃən/

interjection

感叹词
Meaning
a word or phrase used to express sudden emotion or reaction, often standing alone
Example
Words like 'wow' and 'ouch' are common interjections in English.
像 '哇' 和 '哎呀' 这样的词是英语中常见的感叹词。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfɜːm/

infirm

虚弱
Meaning
Weak, especially due to old age or illness.
Example
The infirm old man needed assistance to walk.
那位虚弱的老人需要帮助才能走路。
C1 verb /ɪˈmɔːrtəlaɪz/

immortalize

永生
Meaning
to preserve the memory of someone or something forever
Example
The statue was built to immortalize the hero’s sacrifice.
这座雕像是为了让英雄的牺牲永生化。
C1 verb /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/

illuminate

照亮
Meaning
To light up or make something clearer.
Example
Streetlights illuminate the road at night.
路灯在夜晚照亮了道路。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈveə.ri.ə.bəl/

Invariable

不变的；恒定的；始终相同的
Meaning
never changing; constant; always the same
Example
His invariable routine includes morning exercise and coffee.
他的恒定日常包括早晨锻炼和咖啡。
C1 verb ɪˈnɪʃɪeɪtɪd

initiated

启动
Meaning
Caused a process or action to begin; started something.
Example
The project was initiated to enhance marine biodiversity.
该项目已启动以促进海洋生物多样性。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpʌlsɪv/

impulsive

冲动的, 直觉的
Meaning
acting suddenly without careful thought
Example
She made an impulsive decision to buy the car.
她做出了一个冲动的决定，买了车。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdefɪnət/

Indefinite

不确定的
Meaning
not clearly defined; uncertain; vague; unlimited in time
Example
The meeting has been postponed for an indefinite period.
会议被推迟到一个不确定的时期。
C1 noun /ɪnˈtɛstɪn/

intestine

肠
Meaning
The part of the digestive system where food is digested and absorbed, extending from the stomach to the anus.
Example
The doctor explained how nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.
医生解释了营养物质如何在小肠中被吸收。
C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtwaɪnd/

intertwined

幸福
Meaning
closely connected or twisted together
Example
Their lives became deeply intertwined after the accident.
当她获得奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C1 verb /ɪnˈklaɪn/

incline

倾向
Meaning
to feel willing or favorably disposed toward something; to bend or tilt
Example
She is inclined to agree with the proposal.
她倾向于同意这个提议。
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɜː.sənˈeɪ.ʃən/

impersonation

冒充他人
Meaning
The action of pretending to be another person for the purpose of entertainment or fraud.
Example
Online impersonation is a serious cybercrime.
网络冒充他人是一种严重的网络犯罪。
C1 verb /ɪnˈkɜːr/

incur

遭受
Meaning
To bring upon oneself something undesirable, usually as a result of actions.
Example
He incurred a fine for parking in the wrong place.
他因在错误的地方停车而被罚款。
C1 verb /ɪnˈfjuːz/

infuse

Meaning
to fill or spread through something; to instill a quality, idea, or feeling
Example
The teacher tried to infuse her students with a love for reading.
C1 adverb /ɪnˈdɛfɪnətli/

indefinitely

无限期
Meaning
for an unlimited or unspecified period of time
Example
The project has been postponed indefinitely.
该项目已无限期推迟。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtændʒəbl/

intangible

无形的
Meaning
Unable to be touched or grasped; not having a physical presence.
Example
Trust is an intangible quality in relationships.
信任是关系中一种无形的品质。
C1 noun ɪnˈflɛk.ʃən

inflection

语调变化
Meaning
The change in pitch or tone of voice when speaking for emphasis.
Example
His inflection kept the audience engaged.
他的语调让观众保持关注。
C1 adjective /ˌɪnəˈfɛnsɪv/

inoffensive

无害的
Meaning
Not likely to offend or provoke; harmless.
Example
His inoffensive remarks kept the conversation friendly.
他的无害评论让谈话保持友好。