drudge
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C2 noun /drʌdʒ/

drudge

苦工
Meaning
A person made to do hard, menial, or dull work.
Example
He felt like a drudge, stuck in repetitive tasks all day.
他觉得自己像个苦工，一整天都困在重复的任务中。
C2 noun /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡrəfi/

lexicography

词典编纂学
Meaning
The art or practice of compiling dictionaries.
Example
Lexicography requires both linguistic and cultural knowledge.
词典编纂学需要语言学和文化知识。
C2 noun /ˈkɪləˌliːtər/

kiloliter

千升
Meaning
a unit of capacity equal to 1,000 liters
Example
The tank can hold up to three kiloliters of water.
水箱最多可容纳三千升水。
C2 noun /kɒzˈmɒɡ.ə.ni/

cosmogony

宇宙起源学
Meaning
the study or theory of the origin of the universe
Example
The book provides an overview of different cosmogonies throughout history.
这本书提供了关于历史上不同宇宙起源学的概述。
C2 noun /ˌkæl.sɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

calcification

钙化
Meaning
The process of calcium accumulation in soil, making it hard.
Example
Calcification reduces soil permeability and affects crop growth.
钙化减少了土壤的渗透性，并影响作物的生长。
C2 noun /ˈvɜːrdɪɡriːs/

verdigris

铜绿
Meaning
A green or bluish deposit that forms on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces due to oxidation.
Example
The old statue was covered in verdigris after years of exposure to the rain.
那座古老的雕像在多年暴露于雨水中后，覆盖了一层铜绿。
C2 adjective /ˈbɔːdi/

bawdy

猥亵
Meaning
humorously indecent or obscene, often in a sexual way
Example
The comedian’s bawdy jokes made the audience laugh and blush.
喜剧演员的猥亵笑话让观众笑了并且脸红。
C2 adjective /ˈkɔːpjʊlənt/

corpulent

肥胖的, 胖
Meaning
fat or obese; having a large bulky body
Example
The corpulent man struggled to fit into the small chair.
那个肥胖的男人努力地坐进了小椅子。
C2 noun /dɪˈbɛntʃər/

debenture

债券
Meaning
a type of debt instrument not secured by physical assets or collateral
Example
The company raised capital by issuing debentures to investors.
公司通过向投资者发行债券筹集资金。
C2 adjective /əˈvʌŋkjələr/

avuncular

像叔叔一样友善
Meaning
kind and friendly, like an uncle
Example
He had an avuncular manner that made everyone feel comfortable.
他有一种让每个人都感到舒适的阿冯库拉尔风度。
C2 noun /ˈmætrɪˌsaɪd/

matricide

弑母
Meaning
The act of killing one's own mother.
Example
The crime of matricide shocked the entire town.
弑母罪震惊了整个城市。
C2 noun /ˈdoʊneɪtər/

donator

捐赠者
Meaning
A person who gives something, especially money or goods, as a donation.
Example
The donator wished to remain anonymous after contributing a large sum.
捐赠者在捐赠了一大笔钱后希望保持匿名。
C2 adjective /ˈbeɪnfəl/

baneful

有害的
Meaning
Causing harm, ruin, or destruction; deadly or poisonous.
Example
His baneful influence ruined the community.
他的有害影响摧毁了社区。
C2 noun /ˈhɛklər/

heckler

打扰者
Meaning
A person who interrupts a speaker with rude or aggressive comments.
Example
The politician remained calm despite the heckler shouting from the crowd.
尽管人群中有打扰者大声叫喊，政治家仍然保持冷静。
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːni/

tawny

黄褐色
Meaning
A warm, sandy or golden-brown color.
Example
The owl's tawny feathers blended with the tree bark.
猫头鹰的黄褐色羽毛与树皮融合在一起。
C2 noun /foʊl fʊt/

Foal-foot

马蹄花
Meaning
a yellow flowering plant with leaves shaped like a horse's hoof, also known as coltsfoot
Example
The foal-foot plant grows wild in many meadows and is often the first flower to bloom in spring.
马蹄花在许多草地上野生生长，通常是春天最早开花的花。
C2 noun /ˌfɪziˈɑːɡrəfi/

physiography

地貌学
Meaning
the study of the physical features of the earth's surface
Example
He specialized in physiography to understand the landscape of the region.
他专攻地貌学，以了解该地区的景观。
C2 adjective /luːˈɡuːbriəs/

lugubrious

阴沉的
Meaning
looking or sounding sad and dismal
Example
His lugubrious expression made everyone feel uneasy.
他那阴沉的表情让大家感到不安。
C2 noun /ˌlɪk.wəˈfeɪ.ʃənt/

liquefacient

液化剂
Meaning
a substance that causes something to become liquid
Example
The chemist explained how the liquefacient worked in the experiment.
化学家解释了液化剂在实验中的作用。
C2 verb /ɪˈmeɪʃieɪt/

emaciate

消瘦
Meaning
To make abnormally thin or weak, usually because of illness or lack of food.
Example
The prisoners were emaciated after months without proper food.
囚犯在没有合适食物的几个月后变得极度消瘦。
C2 verb /əˈkuːtə/

accoutre

装饰
Meaning
to dress or equip, especially in something impressive or elaborate
Example
The knight was accoutred in shining armor.
骑士穿着闪亮的盔甲。
C2 noun /ˌhæŋ.ər ˈɒn/

hanger-on

跟班
Meaning
a person who spends time with a powerful or famous person to gain benefits.
Example
The celebrity was always surrounded by hangers-on.
这位名人总是被跟班围绕着。
C2 verb /flɪt/

flit

飞来飞去
Meaning
to move quickly and lightly from one place to another
Example
Butterflies flitted from flower to flower.
蝴蝶在花间飞来飞去。
C2 adjective /ˈsɪlieɪtɪd/

ciliated

带有纤毛的
Meaning
Having minute hairlike projections (cilia) on the surface of cells or organisms.
Example
The ciliated cells in the respiratory tract help move mucus out of the lungs.
呼吸道中的纤毛细胞帮助将粘液排出肺部。
C2 noun /ˌtɜːdʒɪvərˈseɪʃən/

tergiversation

回避, 背离
Meaning
Evasion of straightforward action or speech; changing sides or being inconsistent.
Example
The politician’s tergiversation frustrated his supporters.
政治家的回避行为让他的支持者感到沮丧。
C2 noun ˌpɜː.pɪˈtʃuː.ɪ.ti

perpetuity

永恒，永久性，连续性
Meaning
Permanence, eternity, continuity.
Example
The contract ensures payments in perpetuity.
合同保证永续付款。
C2 noun /ɪˈlɪksər/

elixir

灵药
Meaning
A magical or medicinal potion believed to cure illnesses or grant immortality.
Example
The old legend spoke of an elixir that could grant eternal youth.
古老的传说中提到了一个可以赋予永恒青春的灵药。
C2 adjective/adverb /ˌæ.prəˈpoʊ/

apropos

恰当
Meaning
Appropriate to the situation; relevant. As an adverb, it means 'with reference to' or 'regarding'.
Example
His comments were not apropos of the discussion.
他的评论与讨论无关。
C2 verb /priːˈdɛstɪn/

predestine

预定
Meaning
to determine or decide something in advance, often regarded as being fixed by fate or divine will
Example
They believed their paths were predestined by fate.
他们相信他们的道路是命运注定的。
C2 noun /fɪˈlæt.əl.i/

philately

邮票收藏学
Meaning
the collection and study of postage stamps
Example
Philately is a hobby enjoyed by people of all ages.
邮票收藏学是一项各年龄段人群都喜爱的爱好。
C2 adjective /ˈsɛpərəbəl/

separable

可分离的
Meaning
Capable of being separated or divided.
Example
The two issues are separable and should be discussed independently.
这两个问题是可分离的，应该独立讨论。
C2 verb /ˈæbrəɡeɪt/

abrogate

废除
Meaning
To formally repeal, cancel, or abolish a law, agreement, or custom.
Example
The government decided to abrogate the outdated treaty.
政府决定废除过时的条约。
C2 noun /ˈdɛvɪltrɪ/

deviltry

恶魔的诡计
Meaning
Cruel or malicious behavior; mischief with an evil aspect.
Example
The villain’s deviltry terrified the townsfolk.
恶棍的恶作剧吓坏了镇上的人。
C2 noun /əˈsɜːrbəti/

acerbity

尖刻
Meaning
bitterness or sharpness of tone, manner, or taste
Example
The acerbity of his remarks left everyone silent.
他评论的尖刻让所有人都沉默了。
C2 noun /ɪnˌtɜːrpəˈleɪʃən/

interpolation

插值
Meaning
The act of inserting something into a text or estimating values within a sequence of data.
Example
The scientist used interpolation to predict the missing data points.
科学家使用插值法来预测缺失的数据点。
C2 noun /ˈmɛtrəˌnoʊm/

metronome

节拍器
Meaning
A device that produces regular ticks or beats to help musicians maintain tempo.
Example
She practiced the piano with a metronome to keep steady timing.
她用节拍器练习钢琴，以保持稳定的节奏。
C2 noun /ˈpjuːɪsəns/

puissance

权力
Meaning
Great power, strength, or influence.
Example
The empire showed its puissance through vast armies.
帝国通过庞大的军队展现了其权力。
C2 adjective /ˌtaɪtˈfɪstɪd/

tightfisted

吝啬
Meaning
unwilling to spend money; stingy
Example
He is so tightfisted that he refuses to tip at restaurants.
他非常吝啬，甚至在餐馆里都不愿意给小费。
C2 verb /ˈɡræn.jʊ.leɪt/

granulate

颗粒化
Meaning
To form or cause to form into grains or small particles.
Example
The sugar began to granulate as it cooled.
糖开始结晶当它冷却了。
C2 verb /ˈskærɪfaɪ/

scarify

松土
Meaning
to make shallow cuts or scratches; to loosen the surface of soil
Example
The farmer scarified the soil before planting seeds.
农民在种植种子之前松土。
C2 adjective /dʒɛnˈtiːl/

genteel

文雅
Meaning
Polite, refined, or respectable, often in an affected or exaggerated way
Example
She spoke in a genteel manner that impressed the guests.
她以一种文雅的方式说话，给客人留下了深刻的印象。
C2 noun /koʊˈkɛt/

coquette

卖弄风情的女人
Meaning
a woman who flirts lightheartedly
Example
She was a coquette, always charming everyone at the party.
她是个卖弄风情的女人，总是在聚会上迷倒所有人。
C2 verb /ˈmiːliəˌreɪt/

meliorate

改善
Meaning
To make something better or improve a condition.
Example
The new policies aim to meliorate the living conditions of the poor.
新的政策旨在改善穷人的生活条件。
C2 noun /ˈmɒrəlɪst/

moralist

道德主义者
Meaning
A person who teaches or promotes moral principles and values.
Example
The author was known as a strict moralist in his writings.
作者以其作品中严格的道德主义者而闻名。
C2 adjective /ˈɡʌstəˌtɔːri/

gustatory

味觉的
Meaning
relating to the sense of taste
Example
The restaurant offered a gustatory experience unlike any other.
餐厅提供了与众不同的味觉体验。
C2 noun /ˈiːsθiːt/ or /ˈɛsθiːt/

aesthete

审美家
Meaning
A person who has a special appreciation of art and beauty.
Example
The aesthete admired the subtle details of the painting.
艾斯泰特欣赏了画作的细节。
C2 noun /ɪnˈsaɪzər/

incisor

切牙
Meaning
a narrow-edged tooth at the front of the mouth, adapted for cutting
Example
The dentist noted that his upper left incisor was chipped.
牙医注意到他的上左切牙裂开了。
C2 noun /djuːˈɛnə/

duenna

女家庭教师
Meaning
an older woman acting as a governess or chaperone, especially in Spanish families
Example
The young lady was accompanied by a duenna during the festival.
年轻女士在节日期间由一位杜埃纳陪同。
C2 noun /djuːˈplɪsɪti/

duplicity

虚伪
Meaning
Deceitfulness or double-dealing; dishonesty.
Example
Her duplicity was revealed during the investigation.
她的虚伪在调查中被揭露出来。
C2 noun /ˈpɑːr.kə.tri/

parquetry

铺设镶木地板的艺术
Meaning
The art or technique of laying parquet floors.
Example
The craftsman specialized in parquetry for luxury homes.
工匠专门为豪华住宅铺设镶木地板。
C2 adjective /ˈkoʊltɪʃ/

coltish

Meaning
Playful, energetic, and not fully mature or disciplined.
Example
The coltish boy ran around the field without a care.
C2 noun /dɪsˈjuːnjən/

disunion

分裂
Meaning
the state of being separated or not united
Example
Civil wars often result from national disunion.
内战通常由国家分裂引发。
C2 adjective /ˈfædɪʃ/

faddish

短暂的时尚
Meaning
Following a temporary trend or fashion
Example
Wearing neon clothes was a faddish style in the 1980s.
穿着霓虹服装在1980年代是一种时尚。
C2 adjective /ˌpɛstɪˈlɛnʃəl/

pestilential

瘟疫的
Meaning
Relating to or causing pestilence; very harmful, troublesome, or dangerous.
Example
The pestilential smell of the garbage filled the street.
垃圾的瘟疫气味充满了街道。
C2 verb /ˈsɪn.tɪ.leɪt/

scintillate

闪烁
Meaning
to sparkle or shine brightly; to emit flashes of light
Example
The diamond ring scintillated under the bright lights.
钻石戒指在明亮的灯光下闪耀。
C2 noun /ˈɛskwaɪər/

esquire

律师称号
Meaning
A title of respect often used after a man's name, especially for lawyers in the United States.
Example
John Smith, Esquire, will be representing the client in court.
约翰·史密斯，律师称号，将在法庭上代表客户。
C2 verb /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛs/

convalesce

恢复健康，在疾病或治疗后恢复力量
Meaning
to recover health and strength after illness or medical treatment
Example
After the surgery, she spent several weeks convalescing at home.
手术后，她在家里恢复了几个星期。
C2 adjective /ˈdæpər/

dapper

整洁而时尚
Meaning
Neat, stylish, and well-dressed in appearance.
Example
He looked very dapper in his new suit.
他穿着新西装看起来非常整洁和时尚。
C2 noun /ˈwɛlkɪn/

welkin

天空
Meaning
The sky, the heavens, or the upper air.
Example
The eagle soared high into the welkin.
鹰飞得高进入了天空。
C2 verb /ˈfɜːrbɪʃ/

furbish

抛光
Meaning
to polish, renovate, or give a fresh look to something
Example
The workers furbished the old sword until it gleamed like new.
工人们把旧剑抛光，直到它像新的一样闪闪发光。
C2 noun /kənˌɡlɒməˈreɪʃən/

conglomeration

聚集
Meaning
A collection or mixture of different things grouped together.
Example
The market is a conglomeration of small shops and food stalls.
市场是一个小商店和食品摊位的聚集。
C2 noun /ˈɒlɪv brɑːntʃ/

olive-branch

橄榄枝
Meaning
A symbol of peace or reconciliation; an offer to end conflict.
Example
He extended an olive-branch to his rival after years of hostility.
他在多年敌对之后向他的对手伸出了橄榄枝。
C2 noun /ˈsiːkənt/

secant

割线
Meaning
A straight line that intersects a curve at two or more points.
Example
In geometry, a secant cuts the circle at two distinct points.
在几何学中，割线在两个不同的点上切割圆形。
C2 noun /ˌɛfləˈrɛsəns/

efflorescence

开花
Meaning
the process of flowering or reaching an optimal stage of development
Example
The garden was at the peak of its efflorescence in spring.
花园在春天达到了它的开花巅峰。
C2 adjective /ˈmæn.laɪk/

manlike

男性化
Meaning
Having qualities or characteristics traditionally associated with a man; manly.
Example
His manlike courage impressed everyone in the village.
他的男性化勇气给村里的人们留下了深刻的印象。
C2 noun /ˌrɛtroʊˈɡrɛʃən/

retrogression

倒退
Meaning
a return to a worse or less developed state
Example
The country experienced economic retrogression after the crisis.
该国在危机后经历了经济倒退。
C2 adjective /fəˈsiːʃəs/

facetious

讽刺的
Meaning
Treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor
Example
He was being facetious when he said he wanted to live on the moon.
他说他想住在月球上时，他是在开玩笑。
C2 noun /kənˈsaɪnər/

consignor

发货人
Meaning
a person or company that sends goods to be sold or transported
Example
The consignor shipped the goods to the warehouse.
发货人将商品发送到仓库。
C2 noun /ɪnˈkwɪzɪtər/

inquisitor

审问者
Meaning
A person who asks many questions, often in an official or harsh manner.
Example
The inquisitor demanded detailed answers from the witness.
审问者要求证人提供详细的答案。
C2 verb /ˌsuːpərˈæn.ju.eɪt/

superannuate

带薪退休
Meaning
to retire someone with a pension, usually due to age or long service
Example
The company decided to superannuate its senior employees after thirty years of service.
公司决定在三十年的服务后将其高级员工带薪退休。
C2 noun /kwɪˈɛsəns/

quiescence

静止
Meaning
A state of quietness, inactivity, or dormancy.
Example
The volcano has been in a state of quiescence for decades.
火山已经处于静止状态几十年了。
C2 noun /tʊˈriːn/

tureen

炖锅
Meaning
A large deep dish with a cover, used for serving soups or stews.
Example
She brought the hot soup to the table in a silver tureen.
她把热汤端到桌子上，放在一个银色的炖锅里。
C2 adjective /kəmˈpleɪzənt/

complaisant

过于顺从
Meaning
willing to please others or to accept what they do or say without protest
Example
He was too complaisant to refuse their demands.
他太顺从以至于无法拒绝他们的要求。
C2 noun /ˈkʌstərd ˈæpəl/

Custard Apple

奶油苹果
Meaning
a tropical fruit with sweet creamy white flesh and black seeds
Example
The custard apple has a sweet and creamy texture.
奶油苹果具有甜美和奶油般的口感。
C2 adjective /rɪˈmiːdiəbl/

remediable

可修复的
Meaning
capable of being corrected or cured
Example
The mistake was serious but still remediable.
这个错误很严重，但仍然是可修复的。
C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌɡræm/

decagram

十克
Meaning
A metric unit of mass equal to ten grams.
Example
The package weighed exactly one decagram.
包裹的重量正好是一个十克。
C2 verb, noun /ˈɡoʊld.brɪk/

goldbrick

逃避工作
Meaning
to avoid work or duty; a person who shirks responsibility
Example
He was accused of goldbricking while the rest of the team worked hard.
他被指控逃避工作，而其他团队成员都在努力工作。
C2 adjective /ˈɪnmoʊst/

inmost

最深的
Meaning
Situated at the very heart or deepest part; most private or secret.
Example
She revealed her inmost thoughts to her closest friend.
她向她最亲密的朋友透露了她最深的想法。
C2 noun /kənˈkɔːrdəns/

concordance

一致性
Meaning
Agreement; also an alphabetical index of the principal words in a book.
Example
There is a strong concordance between the two reports.
这两个报告之间有很强的一致性。
C2 verb /dɪsˈtɛnd/

distend

膨胀
Meaning
to swell or expand by pressure from within
Example
Her stomach began to distend after the large meal.
她的肚子在大餐后开始膨胀。
C2 noun /kəˈkɒfəni/

cacophony

刺耳的噪音
Meaning
A harsh, discordant mixture of sounds.
Example
The cacophony of horns made it impossible to concentrate.
喇叭的刺耳声音使人无法集中注意力。
C2 adjective /ˈlɪtərəl/

littoral

沿海的
Meaning
Related to or situated on the shore of the sea or a lake.
Example
The littoral zone is home to many unique marine species.
沿海地区是许多独特海洋物种的栖息地。
C2 verb /ɪˈmɛnd/

emend

修改
Meaning
to correct or revise a text, especially for errors
Example
The editor emended the manuscript before publication.
编辑在出版前修改了手稿。
C2 verb /ˈhæroʊ/

harrow

折磨 / 耙
Meaning
to cause distress or torment; also to break up and smooth soil with a farm tool
Example
The tragic news harrowed the entire family.
悲惨的消息让全家人都痛苦不堪。
C2 verb /ˈdiːɪfaɪ/

deify

神化
Meaning
to treat or worship someone or something as a god
Example
Some fans deify their favorite celebrities.
一些粉丝将他们的偶像神化。
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɒksɪkənt/

intoxicant

醉品
Meaning
a substance, especially alcohol or a drug, that causes intoxication
Example
Alcohol is the most commonly used intoxicant in many cultures.
酒精是许多文化中最常用的醉品。
C2 adjective /ˌɛvəˈnɛsənt/

evanescent

短暂的
Meaning
Quickly fading or disappearing; lasting for only a very short time.
Example
The beauty of the sunset was evanescent, fading within minutes.
夕阳的美丽是短暂的，在几分钟内消失了。
C2 noun /ˈpælɪˌnoʊd/

palinode

悔诗
Meaning
a poem or statement in which the writer retracts something said in an earlier work
Example
The poet wrote a palinode to apologize for his earlier harsh words.
诗人写了一首悔诗，为自己之前的尖锐言辞道歉。
C2 adjective /ˈveɪpərəs/

Vaporous

蒸汽的; 模糊的
Meaning
consisting of vapor; vague or insubstantial
Example
The morning air was filled with vaporous mist.
早晨的空气充满了蒸汽般的雾气。
C2 adjective /ˈvælərəs/

valorous

勇敢的
Meaning
showing great courage and bravery
Example
The valorous soldier led his troop into battle without hesitation.
勇敢的士兵毫不犹豫地带领他的部队进入战斗。
C2 noun /kənˈtraɪ.vəns/

contrivance

装置或计划
Meaning
a device or plan that is cleverly or artificially created
Example
The clock was an intricate contrivance of gears and springs.
这只钟是由齿轮和弹簧组成的复杂装置。
C2 adjective /ˈpʌdʒi/

pudgy

圆胖
Meaning
slightly fat or chubby in a way that is often cute
Example
The baby had pudgy cheeks that everyone adored.
这个宝宝有圆胖的脸颊，大家都很喜欢。
C2 noun /ˌæpəˈzɪʃən/

apposition

同位语 (并列语法)
Meaning
a grammatical construction in which two elements are placed side by side, with one explaining the other
Example
In the phrase 'my friend John,' the word 'John' is in apposition to 'my friend.'
在短语'我的朋友约翰'中，'约翰'这个词与'我的朋友'同位。
C2 noun /reɪθ/

wraith

幽灵
Meaning
A ghost or ghostlike image of someone, especially seen shortly before or after their death.
Example
A wraith appeared in the fog near the old castle.
在旧城堡附近的雾中出现了一个幽灵。
C2 verb /ˈɡæmbəl/

gambol

开心地跳跃
Meaning
to run or jump about playfully
Example
The lambs gamboled in the field under the sun.
小羊在阳光下在田野里欢快地跳跃。
C2 adjective /krɪˈpʌskjʊlər/

crepuscular

与黄昏相关
Meaning
relating to twilight or active during twilight
Example
Bats are crepuscular animals, most active at dawn and dusk.
蝙蝠是黄昏活动的动物，在黎明和黄昏时最活跃。
C2 noun /ˈɡæd.flaɪ/

gadfly

讨厌的人
Meaning
A person who annoys or criticizes others to stimulate change or provoke action.
Example
The journalist was a gadfly, constantly questioning the government's policies.
这位记者是一个讨厌的人，常常质疑政府的政策。
C2 noun /skriːd/

screed

冗长而乏味的文章
Meaning
a long, tedious piece of writing or speech; also a layer of material like cement spread on a surface
Example
He delivered a long screed against corruption.
他发表了长篇的关于腐败的演讲。
C2 verb /kənˈvɑːlv/

convolve

一起缠绕或扭曲;缠绕或交织
Meaning
to roll or twist together; to coil or entwine
Example
The vines convolve around the tree trunk.
藤蔓缠绕在树干周围。
C2 noun /ˈkɒliər/

collier

煤矿工人
Meaning
a person who works in coal mines or a ship carrying coal
Example
The collier spent long hours underground extracting coal.
煤矿工人花了很长时间在地下开采煤炭。
C2 verb /ˈflædʒəˌleɪt/

flagellate

鞭打或以惩罚或自我约束的方式鞭打自己
Meaning
to whip or flog someone, either literally or as a form of punishment or self-discipline
Example
In history, some monks would flagellate themselves as penance.
在历史上，一些僧侣会因忏悔而鞭打自己。
C2 noun /ˈkrɪptəɡræm/

cryptogram

秘密代码
Meaning
a text written in code or cipher
Example
The detective solved the cryptogram hidden in the letter.
侦探解开了信中隐藏的密码图。
C2 noun /ˌdɪpsəˈmeɪniæk/

dipsomaniac

酒鬼
Meaning
A person with an uncontrollable craving for alcoholic drinks.
Example
The novel portrayed the tragic downfall of a dipsomaniac who lost everything to alcohol.
这本小说描绘了一位酒鬼的悲惨堕落，他因酒精失去了一切。
C2 noun dʒɛsˌtɪk.jʊˈleɪ.ʃənz

gesticulations

手势
Meaning
Expressive hand or body movements while speaking to convey thoughts or emotions
Example
His energetic gesticulations made the speech more engaging.
他的充满活力的手势使演讲更加引人入胜。
C2 adjective /ˈkɑːrpɪŋ/

carping

抱怨
Meaning
continually complaining or finding fault in a petty way
Example
His carping attitude makes teamwork difficult.
他的抱怨态度使团队合作变得困难。
C2 noun /fɪˈlɒl.ə.dʒɪst/

philologist

语言学家
Meaning
a person who studies languages and their history
Example
The philologist analyzed ancient texts to understand language evolution.
语言学家分析了古代文献，以理解语言的演变。
C2 noun /ˈbɪbliəfaɪl/

bibliophile

书迷
Meaning
A person who loves or collects books.
Example
She is a true bibliophile who spends weekends at old bookstores.
她是一个真正的书迷，周末都在旧书店度过。
C2 noun /zɪˈnɑːnə/

Zenanna

泽娜娜
Meaning
the part of a house reserved for women; women's quarters in Muslim households; harem
Example
The zenanna was beautifully decorated with intricate patterns.
泽娜娜用复杂的图案美丽地装饰。
C2 adjective /ˈtʃɛəri/

chary

谨慎
Meaning
cautious or wary about doing something
Example
She was chary of investing in the new business venture.
她对投资新业务感到谨慎。
C2 adjective /prɪˈsɛnʃənt/

presentient

预感
Meaning
Having a feeling or sense of something about to happen; predictive.
Example
She was presentient of the coming disaster.
她预感到即将来临的灾难。
C2 adjective /trænsˈfjuːzəbl̩/

transfusible

可输血的
Meaning
capable of being transfused, especially referring to blood or fluids
Example
Only transfusible blood types are used in the hospital.
只有可输血的血型才会在医院使用。
C2 adjective ˈmiː.ni.əl

menial

卑微
Meaning
Not requiring much skill and lacking prestige.
Example
He refused to do menial work.
他拒绝做低级工作。
C2 adjective /ˌpaɪroʊˈtɛknɪk/

pyrotechnic

烟火技术
Meaning
Relating to fireworks or spectacular displays involving fire.
Example
The city celebrated with a grand pyrotechnic display on New Year's Eve.
这座城市在新年前夕举办了盛大的烟火技术展示。
C2 verb /məˈmɔːriəlaɪz/

memorialize

纪念
Meaning
to preserve the memory of a person or event, often through a ceremony, monument, or record
Example
The city decided to memorialize the hero with a statue in the central square.
城市决定通过在中央广场立一座雕像来纪念英雄。
C2 noun /ˌɛpɪzəʊˈɒtɪk/

epizootic

动物疫病
Meaning
An outbreak of disease affecting many animals of one kind at the same time.
Example
The farmer feared an epizootic might wipe out his cattle.
农民担心动物疫病会消灭他的家畜。
C2 noun /ˈseɪ.ɡoʊ/

Sago

萨戈
Meaning
starchy foodstuff obtained from the pith of various tropical palm stems
Example
She prepared sago pudding for dessert.
她为甜点准备了萨戈布丁。
C2 noun /ˈhɒɡz.hɛd/

hogshead

大桶
Meaning
A large cask or barrel, traditionally used for storing liquids like wine or beer.
Example
The cellar was filled with hogsheads of ale.
地下室里堆满了啤酒的大桶。
C2 adjective /ˈmʌski/

musky

麝香味的
Meaning
having a strong, sweet, earthy smell like musk
Example
The perfume had a musky fragrance.
香水有一种麝香味。
C2 noun /ˈvɛləm/

vellum

羊皮纸
Meaning
a fine parchment made originally from the skin of a calf, used for writing or printing
Example
The ancient manuscript was written on vellum.
古老的手稿是用羊皮纸写的。
C2 verb /ɛnˈfrænˌtʃaɪz/

enfranchise

幸福
Meaning
To grant the right to vote or other rights of citizenship.
Example
The new law enfranchised thousands of people.
当她收到奖项时，她无法掩饰自己的幸福。
C2 noun /dʒæm/

jamb

门框
Meaning
The side post or surface of a doorway, window, or fireplace.
Example
The carpenter carefully measured the width of the door jamb.
木匠小心地测量了门框的宽度。