crusade
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C1 noun/verb /kruːˈseɪd/

crusade

十字军，激烈运动
Meaning
a vigorous campaign for a social, political, or religious cause; to fight passionately for a cause
Example
She has been crusading for women's rights all her life.
她为妇女权利而斗争了一生。
C1 adjective /kəˈθɑːr.tɪk/

cathartic

宣泄的
Meaning
Providing psychological relief through the open expression of strong emotions.
Example
Writing about emotions can be a cathartic experience.
写下情感可能是一次宣泄的体验。
C1 noun /ˌkɔːriˈɒɡrəfi/

choreography

编舞
Meaning
The art of designing and arranging dances and movements.
Example
The choreography of the ballet was breathtaking.
芭蕾舞的编舞令人惊叹。
C1 noun /ˈkoʊtʃ.mən/

Coachman

马车夫
Meaning
a person who drives a horse-drawn carriage or coach
Example
The coachman skillfully guided the horses through the busy streets.
马车夫熟练地引导着马匹穿过繁忙的街道。
C1 noun /ˈkɒnstənsi/

constancy

忠诚/恒常
Meaning
the quality of being faithful and dependable
Example
Her constancy in friendship is admirable.
她在友谊中的恒常令人钦佩。
C1 noun /saɪˈteɪʃən/

citation

引用
Meaning
a quotation from or reference to a book, paper, or author
Example
The research paper included a citation from Shakespeare.
研究论文中包含了莎士比亚的引用。
C1 noun, verb /klɒt/

clot

血块
Meaning
a thick mass of coagulated liquid, especially blood; to form such a mass.
Example
The doctor removed a blood clot from the patient.
医生从病人身上取出了血块。
C1 adjective /kənˈsɛntrɪk/

concentric

同心的
Meaning
having a common center, as in circles or spheres
Example
The artist drew concentric circles on the canvas.
艺术家在画布上画了同心圆。
C1 noun kəˈrəʊ.ʒən

corrosion

腐蚀
Meaning
The gradual destruction of materials by chemical or electrochemical reaction, especially of metals by oxidation.
Example
Corrosion in pipes leads to leakage.
管道中的腐蚀导致泄漏。
C1 adjective /ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən/

cosmopolitan

全球化
Meaning
familiar with and at ease in many different countries and cultures
Example
He has a cosmopolitan outlook due to his extensive travels.
由于他的广泛旅行，他拥有全球化的视野。
C1 noun /kənˈtɪnjuəm/

continuum

连续体
Meaning
A continuous sequence in which adjacent elements are not perceptibly different from each other, but the extremes are quite distinct.
Example
Life and death are often seen as part of the same continuum.
生与死常常被视为同一连续体的一部分。
C1 verb /ˈkʌl.mɪ.neɪt/

culminate

达到顶点
Meaning
To reach the final or climactic stage of a process or activity.
Example
Years of hard work culminated in his success.
多年的辛勤工作最终以他的成功作为高潮。
C1 noun /ˈkroʊniˌɪzəm/

cronyism

裙带关系
Meaning
The practice of favoring friends or associates, especially in political appointments or business deals.
Example
The company was accused of cronyism in hiring practices.
该公司因招聘中的裙带关系而受到指控。
C1 noun /ˈkænən/

canon

经典
Meaning
A general law, rule, principle, or collection of sacred books accepted as genuine.
Example
The book is now considered part of the literary canon.
这本书现在被认为是文学经典的一部分。
C1 noun /kəˈluːʒən/

collusion

共谋
Meaning
A secret agreement or cooperation, especially for an illegal or dishonest purpose.
Example
There was evidence of collusion between the officials and the contractors.
有证据表明官员与承包商之间有共谋。
C1 verb /ˌkɒm.pɑːtˈmen.təl.aɪz/

compartmentalize

划分
Meaning
To divide into sections or categories; to separate things into compartments.
Example
To increase efficiency, he compartmentalized his work tasks.
为了提高效率，他将工作任务划分开来。
C1 noun, verb /kriːs/

crease

褶皱, 折痕
Meaning
a line or fold produced on paper, cloth, or other material; to make a fold or wrinkle
Example
She ironed the shirt carefully to remove every crease.
她小心地熨烫衬衫，去除每一道褶皱。
C1 adjective /ˈkjʊərəbl/

curable

可治愈的
Meaning
Able to be cured or healed.
Example
The doctor assured her that the disease was curable.
医生向她保证，这种疾病是可治愈的。
C1 noun kənˈsjuː.mə.rɪ.zəm

consumerism

消费主义
Meaning
The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.
Example
Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.
现代消费主义导致对奢侈品的需求增加。
C1 noun ˈkɔː.pəs

corpus

用于语言分析和研究的大型语言数据集合
Meaning
A large collection of linguistic data used for language analysis and research.
Example
Linguists use a corpus to analyze language patterns.
语言学家使用语料库来分析语言模式。
C1 noun/adjective /klɛft/

cleft

裂缝
Meaning
a split or crack; a space or opening made by cleavage
Example
The goat disappeared into a cleft in the rocks.
山羊消失在岩石中的裂缝里。
C1 verb /ˈkɒnskrɪpt/

conscript

强迫某人参军
Meaning
to force someone into military service
Example
The government conscripted young men during the war.
政府在战争期间征召了年轻人。
C1 noun /ˈklæmər/

clamor

喧嚣
Meaning
a loud and confused noise, especially of people shouting insistently
Example
The clamor of the protesting crowd filled the square.
抗议人群的喧嚣充满了广场。
C1 noun ˈkɒnfluəns

confluence

汇流
Meaning
An act or process of merging.
Example
The confluence of ideas from different cultures created a rich discussion.
来自不同文化的思想汇流，创造了一场丰富的讨论。
C1 adjective /ˌkɒmprɪˈhɛnsəbl/

comprehensible

可理解的
Meaning
able to be understood; intelligible
Example
The teacher explained the topic in a comprehensible way.
老师以一种可以理解的方式解释了这个话题。
C1 adjective /ˌkætəˈklɪzmɪk/

cataclysmic

灾难性的
Meaning
Relating to or denoting a violent natural event or upheaval.
Example
The war had cataclysmic effects on the nation's economy.
战争对该国经济产生了灾难性的影响。
C1 adjective ˈkʌm.bə.səm

cumbersome

笨重的, 难以搬运的
Meaning
Heavy, unwieldy, difficult to handle or carry.
Example
The cumbersome luggage slowed him down.
笨重的行李让他变慢了。
C1 adjective + noun kəˈmendəbəl ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

commendable initiatives

值得赞扬的倡议
Meaning
Praiseworthy efforts or actions that deserve admiration and approval.
Example
The commendable initiatives aim to raise awareness.
这些值得赞扬的倡议旨在提高意识。
C1 noun /ˈkaʊn.tər kleɪm/

counter-claim

反诉
Meaning
a claim made to rebut a previous claim, often in legal contexts
Example
The defendant filed a counter-claim against the plaintiff.
被告对原告提起了反诉。
C1 verb /tʃɑːr/

char

烧焦
Meaning
To burn or scorch something so that it becomes blackened.
Example
The cook accidentally charred the steak.
厨师不小心烧焦了牛排。
C1 noun ˈkætəlɪst

catalyst

催化剂
Meaning
A person or thing that precipitates an event or change.
Example
His speech acted as a catalyst for change in the community.
他的演讲成为了社区变化的催化剂。
C1 verb /kənˈvɜːrdʒ/

converge

汇合
Meaning
to come together from different directions; to meet at a point
Example
The roads converge at the city center.
这些路在市中心汇合。
C1 verb /ˈsenʃər/

censure

谴责, 批评
Meaning
to criticize severely; to express strong disapproval
Example
The committee censured the politician for his misconduct.
委员会因他的不当行为谴责了政治家。
C1 noun /kənˈtɛndər/

contender

竞争者, 争夺者
Meaning
a person or team competing for a title or prize
Example
She is a strong contender for the mayoral position.
她是市长职位的强有力竞争者。
C1 noun /kʌˈstoʊ.di.ən/

Custodian

看门人; 守护者; 管理员
Meaning
a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; a caretaker or guardian
Example
The school custodian ensures that all buildings are clean and secure.
学校管理员确保所有建筑物干净和安全。
C1 adjective /kənˈvɜːrdʒənt/

convergent

汇聚的
Meaning
tending to move toward a common point or result
Example
The two rivers have a convergent path before entering the lake.
这两条河流在进入湖泊之前有一条汇聚路径。
C1 verb, noun /klɑːɡ/

clog

堵塞 / 木鞋
Meaning
to block or become blocked; a type of heavy wooden shoe
Example
The sink was clogged with food waste.
水槽被食物废料堵住了。
C1 noun /ˌkɒrəˈneɪʃən/

coronation

加冕礼
Meaning
the act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign or monarch
Example
The coronation of the new king was attended by thousands of people.
新国王的加冕礼有成千上万的人参加。
C1 noun /krɪˈden.ʃəl/

credential

资历, 证明文件
Meaning
a qualification, achievement, or aspect of a person's background used to indicate suitability for something
Example
She presented her credentials before starting the new job.
她在开始新工作之前展示了她的资历。
C1 verb /ˈkrɪsən/

christen

命名
Meaning
to give a name to someone at baptism or to name something officially
Example
They christened the ship after the queen.
他们为船命名，以女王的名字。
C1 adjective /klæd/

clad

穿戴 / 覆盖
Meaning
dressed or covered in a particular way
Example
The knight was clad in shining armor.
骑士穿戴着闪亮的盔甲。
C1 noun /ˈkɒnsəl/

consul

领事 / 大使
Meaning
an official appointed by a government to live in a foreign city and protect its citizens and interests there
Example
The consul assisted travelers who lost their passports.
领事帮助了那些丢失护照的旅行者。
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛk.ərd/

checkered

方格纹
Meaning
Having a pattern of alternating squares of different colors; also describing a past full of ups and downs or varied experiences.
Example
He had a checkered career with many highs and lows.
他有一个方格纹的职业生涯，充满了起伏。
C1 noun ˈkɑːr.bən ˌsiː.kwəˈstreɪ.ʃən

carbon sequestration

碳封存
Meaning
The process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide to mitigate or defer global warming.
Example
Forests play a key role in carbon sequestration.
森林在碳封存中发挥关键作用。
C1 verb /krɪndʒ/

cringe

感到尴尬
Meaning
To shrink back in fear, embarrassment, or discomfort.
Example
She cringed when she remembered her mistake.
她想起自己的错误时，感到非常尴尬。
C1 noun /kənˈsep.ʃən/

Conception

构思; 想法; 受精
Meaning
the forming of an idea or plan; the fertilization of an ovum by a sperm; the action of conceiving
Example
The conception of this innovative project took several months of brainstorming.
这个创新项目的构思花费了几个月的头脑风暴。
C1 adjective /kənˈstreɪnd/

constrained

受限的, 强迫的
Meaning
appearing forced, unnatural, or restricted
Example
He gave a constrained smile during the awkward meeting.
在尴尬的会议中，他露出了强迫的微笑。
C1 verb /kəmˈpjuːt/

compute

计算
Meaning
To calculate or determine by using a computer or mathematical methods.
Example
The software can compute the total cost in seconds.
该软件可以在几秒钟内计算出总成本。
C1 adjective /ˈkæn.dɪd/

Candid

坦诚; 直率; 诚实
Meaning
truthful and straightforward; frank and honest in expression
Example
I appreciate your candid opinion about the project.
我很欣赏你对这个项目的坦诚意见。
C1 noun /ˈkɑːmənˌwɛlθ/

commonwealth

英联邦
Meaning
an independent community or state, especially one founded for the common good; also an association of nations
Example
Australia is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
澳大利亚是英联邦国家的成员。
C1 verb /kriːk/

creak

发出高音尖锐的吱吱声
Meaning
to make a high-pitched, squeaking noise when moved
Example
The old door creaked as she opened it.
那扇旧门在她打开时发出了咯吱声。
C1 noun /ˈkæpɪˌlɛri/

capillary

毛细血管
Meaning
a very thin blood vessel that connects arteries and veins
Example
Oxygen passes from the blood into tissues through capillaries.
氧气通过毛细血管从血液进入组织。
C1 noun /kəˈlæm.ɪ.ti/

Calamity

灾难；灾祸
Meaning
an event causing great and often sudden damage or distress; a disaster
Example
The earthquake was a terrible calamity that affected thousands of families.
地震是一次可怕的灾难，影响了成千上万的家庭。
C1 noun /kənˈteɪdʒən/

contagion

传染
Meaning
The communication of disease from one person to another by close contact; also the spread of harmful ideas or behaviors.
Example
Fear spread like a contagion through the crowd.
恐惧像传染一样在群众中传播开来。
C1 noun, adjective /ˈsɛntənəri/ or /sɛnˈtɛnəri/

centenary

百年纪念
Meaning
The hundredth anniversary of a significant event; relating to a period of 100 years.
Example
The school celebrated its centenary with a grand event.
学校以一场盛大的活动庆祝了它的百年纪念。
C1 noun kəˈmjuːnɪti ˈsɜːrvɪs aɪˈdiːəlz

community service ideals

社区服务理念
Meaning
Principles and standards of serving the community for social good.
Example
Community service ideals must be taught in schools.
社区服务理念必须在学校教授。
C1 noun /kənˈtentmənt/

contentment

满足感
Meaning
a state of happiness and satisfaction with what one has
Example
She felt a deep sense of contentment after helping others.
帮助他人之后，她感到深深的满足感。
C1 noun /ˈsɪtrɪk ˈæsɪd/

Citric Acid

柠檬酸
Meaning
a natural acid found in citrus fruits, used as a food preservative and flavoring agent
Example
Add a pinch of citric acid to preserve the color of the fruit jam.
加入一撮柠檬酸以保持果酱的颜色。
C1 adjective,noun /kənˈtɪn.dʒənt/

contingent

取决于 / 队伍
Meaning
dependent on something else; a group of people representing an organization
Example
Attendance is contingent on prior registration. / A contingent of students attended the conference.
出席取决于事先注册。 / 一个学生代表团参加了会议。
C1 noun /kənˈveɪəns/

conveyance

运输
Meaning
The action or process of transporting or carrying someone or something from one place to another.
Example
The conveyance of goods was delayed due to bad weather.
由于恶劣的天气，货物的运输被延迟。
C1 noun /ˈkɔːkəs/

caucus

政治会议
Meaning
A meeting of members of a political party to select candidates or decide policy.
Example
The party held a caucus to nominate their candidate for president.
政党举行了一个会议，提名他们的总统候选人。
C1 noun /ˈkɒlərə/

cholera

Meaning
An infectious disease of the small intestine causing severe vomiting and diarrhea.
Example
The village suffered an outbreak of cholera after the flood.
C1 adjective /ˈkæl.əs/

Callous

冷酷的; 无情的; 残忍的
Meaning
showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others; emotionally hardened
Example
He showed a callous disregard for others' feelings.
他表现出对他人感情的冷酷蔑视。
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrkəs/

carcass

动物尸体
Meaning
the dead body of an animal, especially after being slaughtered
Example
Vultures fed on the carcass left in the field.
秃鹰在田野中啄食尸体。
C1 noun /ˈkærət/

carat

宝石重量单位
Meaning
a unit of weight for precious stones, equal to 200 milligrams
Example
She received a two-carat diamond ring for her engagement.
她收到了一个两克拉的钻石戒指作为订婚礼物。
C1 noun /ˌkɒn.əˈsɜːr/

connoisseur

行家
Meaning
an expert judge in matters of taste, especially in food, art, or wine
Example
She is a true connoisseur of fine art.
她是美术的真正行家。
C1 adjective /kɜːrt/

curt

简短
Meaning
Rudely brief in speech or manner.
Example
His curt reply made everyone uncomfortable.
他的简短回答让每个人都感到不舒服。
C1 verb /tʃæsˈtaɪz/

chastise

Meaning
to criticize or punish severely
Example
The teacher chastised the student for being late.
C1 noun /ˈtʃæs.tɪ.ti/

Chastity

贞洁; 处女; 节制;
Meaning
the practice of refraining from extramarital or premarital sexual relations; sexual purity
Example
Many religious traditions value chastity as a virtue of moral purity.
许多宗教传统把贞洁看作是一种道德纯洁的美德。
C1 noun /ˌkɒn.stəˈleɪ.ʃən/

constellation

星座
Meaning
a group of stars forming a recognizable pattern in the night sky
Example
Orion is one of the most famous constellations.
猎户座是最著名的星座之一。
C1 verb /ˈkəʊ.dɪ.faɪ/

codify

编码
Meaning
to arrange laws, rules, or ideas into a clear and systematic code
Example
The committee worked to codify the existing laws.
委员会致力于编码现有的法律。
C1 adjective /kənˈtraɪvd/

contrived

人为的或强迫的；不自然或自发的
Meaning
artificial or forced; not natural or spontaneous
Example
The ending of the movie felt contrived and unrealistic.
电影的结局感觉造作且不真实。
C1 adjective, verb, noun /ˈkaʊntərfɪt/

counterfeit

伪造的
Meaning
made to look like something genuine in order to deceive
Example
The police seized a batch of counterfeit currency.
警方查获了一批伪钞。
C1 noun /ˈkærɪkətjʊə/

caricature

讽刺画
Meaning
A picture or description that exaggerates certain features for comic or satirical effect.
Example
The magazine published a caricature of the politician.
杂志发布了政治家的讽刺画。
C1 noun ˌsɛn.trə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

centralization

集中化
Meaning
The concentration of control and decision-making power in a central authority.
Example
Excessive centralization can slow down decision-making.
过度的集中化可能会减慢决策的速度。
C1 noun /ˈkɒləmnɪst/

columnist

专栏作家
Meaning
a journalist who regularly writes articles or opinions for a newspaper or magazine
Example
The columnist wrote an article about climate change.
专栏作家写了一篇关于气候变化的文章。
C1 adjective /kənˈteɪ.dʒəs/

Contagious

传染性; 有感染力
Meaning
likely to spread to and affect others; infectious
Example
Her laughter is contagious and makes everyone smile.
她的笑声具有传染性，让每个人都微笑。
C1 adverb /ˌkɒnfɪˈdenʃəli/

Confidentially

机密地
Meaning
in a confidential manner; secretly; privately
Example
The information was shared confidentially between the two managers.
信息在两个经理之间以机密方式共享。
C1 noun kəˈlɛktɪvɪzəm

collectivism

集体主义
Meaning
The practice or principle of giving a group priority over each individual in it.
Example
Collectivism emphasizes the importance of group over individual interests.
集体主义强调集体利益高于个人利益。
C1 adjective /ˈkɔː.stɪk/

caustic

腐蚀性的, 尖刻的
Meaning
able to burn or corrode by chemical action; severely sarcastic
Example
Her caustic remarks hurt his feelings.
她尖刻的评论伤害了他的感情。
C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.ju.əns/

continuance

持续性
Meaning
the state of continuing or being prolonged; persistence
Example
The continuance of the project depended on securing additional funding.
项目的持续性依赖于确保额外的资金。
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒiːniəl/

congenial

和蔼可亲
Meaning
pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities
Example
They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk.
他们发现那家咖啡馆是一个和蔼可亲的地方，适合见面和交谈。
C1 verb /ˈkætəˌlaɪz/

catalyze

催化
Meaning
To cause or accelerate a reaction or change.
Example
The new law catalyzed reforms across the sector.
新法律催化了整个行业的改革。
C1 verb /kʌl/

cull

Meaning
to select or remove from a larger group, often to reduce numbers
Example
The farmers decided to cull the sick animals from the herd.
C1 noun /krʌtʃ/

crutch

拐杖, 支撑
Meaning
a support used by someone injured to walk; also something relied upon for support or help
Example
He had to use crutches after breaking his leg.
他在摔断腿后不得不用拐杖。
C1 noun /kuː/

coup

政变
Meaning
a sudden, decisive action that brings about a change, especially in government
Example
The military staged a coup to overthrow the existing regime.
军队发动了一次政变，推翻了现有政权。
C1 noun /ˌkɔr.diˈæl.ɪ.ti/

Cordiality

热情; 友善
Meaning
sincere affection and kindness; warm and friendly behavior
Example
The host's cordiality made all the guests feel welcome and comfortable.
主人的热情使所有客人都感到受欢迎和舒适。
C1 noun /ˈkaʊərdɪs/

cowardice

懦弱
Meaning
lack of courage; behavior showing fear
Example
His cowardice prevented him from speaking up.
他的懦弱让他无法发言。
C1 adjective /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.zənt/

cognizant

意识到
Meaning
Having knowledge or being aware of something.
Example
He was cognizant of the risks before starting the project.
他在开始这个项目之前就意识到风险。
C1 noun /ˈkæn.ə.pi/

canopy

森林的上层，由树冠形成; 上方遮蔽
Meaning
The upper layer of a forest formed by the crowns of trees; overhead cover.
Example
The rainforest canopy provides shelter to many birds and insects.
雨林的天篷为许多鸟类和昆虫提供庇护。
C1 verb /kənˈdəʊn/

condone

宽容
Meaning
To accept or allow behavior that is morally wrong or offensive.
Example
The manager refused to condone harassment in the workplace.
经理拒绝在工作场所宽容骚扰。
C1 verb /kənˈdʒɛst/

congest

拥堵
Meaning
To block or overcrowd a space, making movement or flow difficult.
Example
Heavy traffic can congest the city streets during rush hour.
繁忙的交通可能会在高峰时段拥堵城市的街道。
C1 noun /krʌˈsteɪʃən/

crustacean

硬壳水生动物
Meaning
an aquatic animal with a hard shell, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimps
Example
Crabs and lobsters are well-known crustaceans.
螃蟹和龙虾是著名的甲壳类动物。
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrtɪlɪdʒ/

cartilage

软骨
Meaning
A firm, flexible connective tissue found in various parts of the body such as joints, ear, and nose.
Example
The doctor explained that the injury damaged the cartilage in his knee.
医生解释说，伤害损坏了他膝盖的软骨。
C1 noun /ˈkʌl.ən.dər/

Colander

漏网
Meaning
a bowl-shaped kitchen utensil with holes in it used for draining food such as pasta or rice
Example
She drained the pasta using a colander.
她用漏网把意大利面排水了。
C1 noun /ˈkoʊmə/

coma

昏迷
Meaning
A deep state of prolonged unconsciousness caused by illness or injury.
Example
The patient remained in a coma for several weeks.
病人昏迷了几周。
C1 noun kɒɡˈnɪʃ.ən

cognition

认知
Meaning
The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
Example
Cognition plays a key role in learning.
认知在学习中起着关键作用。
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛkərd/

chequered

棋盘格的
Meaning
Having a pattern of squares, or marked by varied and contrasting experiences or periods.
Example
He had a chequered career with both great successes and failures.
他有一段棋盘格的职业生涯，既有巨大的成功，也有失败。
C1 adjective /kənˈtɛmptəbl/

contemptible

可鄙的, 令人厌恶的
Meaning
deserving of contempt; despicable
Example
His deceitful actions were truly contemptible.
他的欺骗行为真是可鄙的。
C1 verb kəˈrɒb.ə.reɪt

corroborate

确认
Meaning
Confirm or give support to a statement, theory, or finding.
Example
The witness corroborated the defendant's testimony.
证人核实了被告的证词。
C1 noun /ʃəˈmiːz/

Chemise

睡裙
Meaning
a woman's loose-fitting undergarment or dress hanging straight from the shoulders
Example
The vintage chemise was made of delicate lace and silk.
这款复古睡裙由精美的蕾丝和丝绸制成。
C1 noun /koʊlt/

Colt

小马驹
Meaning
a young male horse, especially one under four years old
Example
The farmer trained the young colt to accept a saddle.
农民训练年轻的小马驹来接受马鞍。
C1 verb /siːd/

cede

放弃
Meaning
to give up power, territory, or rights to another
Example
The country ceded territory after losing the war.
这个国家在输了战争后，放弃了领土。
C1 adjective/noun /ˈkɜːrsɪv/

cursive

斜体字
Meaning
Written with characters joined together in a flowing manner.
Example
The teacher asked students to write the essay in cursive handwriting.
老师让学生用斜体字写作文。
C1 noun /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsns/

convalescence

康复期
Meaning
the period of time spent recovering from an illness or medical treatment
Example
His convalescence lasted for almost two months after the accident.
事故后的康复期持续了近两个月。
C1 noun /ˈkeɪ.sɪŋ/

Casing

外壳; 外罩
Meaning
a cover or shell that protects or encloses something
Example
The mechanic removed the engine casing to examine the internal parts.
机械师拆下了发动机外壳以检查内部零件。
C1 adjective ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv

counterproductive

适得其反
Meaning
Having the opposite of the desired effect; tending to hinder rather than help.
Example
Counterproductive activities often stem from dissatisfaction.
反生产力的活动通常来源于不满。
C1 verb /kənˈviːn/

convene

集合，召集会议或集会
Meaning
to come together or assemble, especially for a meeting or formal gathering
Example
The board will convene tomorrow to discuss the new policy.
董事会将在明天召开，讨论新的政策。
C1 noun /kəmˈplɪsəti/

complicity

共谋
Meaning
the state of being involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing
Example
The court revealed his complicity in the fraud scheme.
法庭揭示了他在欺诈计划中的共谋。
C1 verb /kəˈpɪtjʊˌleɪt/

capitulate

投降
Meaning
to surrender or give in after resisting
Example
The army had no choice but to capitulate to the enemy.
军队别无选择，只能投降于敌人。
C1 noun /kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/

Compulsion

强迫; 强制;
Meaning
the action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; an irresistible urge to behave in a certain way
Example
He felt a strong compulsion to check his phone every few minutes.
他感到强烈的冲动，每隔几分钟就检查一次手机。
C1 adjective /kənˈspɪkjuəs/

conspicuous

显眼的
Meaning
Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.
Example
Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party.
她的红色裙子使她在派对上显眼。
C1 noun /kliːˈʃeɪ/

cliche

陈词滥调
Meaning
An overused expression or idea that has lost its originality or impact.
Example
The speech was filled with old clichés that failed to inspire the audience.
演讲中充满了老套的陈词滥调，未能激发观众的兴趣。
C1 noun /ˈkɒn.vɔɪ/

convoy

车队
Meaning
a group of vehicles or ships traveling together, often for protection
Example
The military convoy moved through the desert at dawn.
军队车队黎明时穿越沙漠。
C1 adjective /ˈkrɪm.zən/

Crimson

深红色
Meaning
a deep purplish-red color
Example
The crimson sunset painted the sky with beautiful shades.
深红色的日落将天空涂抹上美丽的色调。
C1 noun /ˈkæləs/

callus

皮肤的硬化部分
Meaning
A thickened and hardened part of the skin or soft tissue, especially in an area subjected to friction.
Example
A callus formed on his palm from using tools every day.
由于每天使用工具，他的手掌上长出了一个茧。
C1 verb /ˈkælɪˌbreɪt/

calibrate

Meaning
To adjust or mark something so it can be used accurately; to standardize.
Example
The technician calibrated the machine before starting the experiment.
C1 noun /koʊˈɜː.ʃən/

coercion

胁迫
Meaning
The practice of persuading someone to do something by using force or threats.
Example
Cybercriminals use coercion to extract information.
网络犯罪分子使用胁迫手段提取信息。
C1 noun /krɪpt/

crypt

墓室
Meaning
an underground chamber, especially one beneath a church, used as a burial place
Example
The tourists explored the ancient crypt beneath the cathedral.
游客们探索了大教堂下的古老地下室。
C1 noun /ˈkæviˌæt/

caveat

警告
Meaning
a warning or condition to be considered before taking action
Example
The proposal was accepted with one caveat.
该提案在附带警告的情况下被接受。
C1 adjective /ˈkɔːrəl/

choral

与合唱团相关
Meaning
Relating to, written for, or performed by a choir or chorus.
Example
The church hosted a choral performance on Sunday.
教堂在周日举办了合唱表演。