afflict
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C1 verb /əˈflɪkt/

afflict

使痛苦
Meaning
to cause pain, suffering, or distress to someone or something
Example
Many people are afflicted by seasonal allergies.
许多人受到季节性过敏的困扰。
C1 noun /ˈɑːrdər/

ardor

热情，激情
Meaning
Great enthusiasm or passion.
Example
She spoke with ardor about her new project.
她用热情谈论她的新项目。
C1 noun /ˌædməˈnɪʃən/

admonition

警告
Meaning
a firm warning or reprimand; gentle or earnest advice
Example
He received an admonition for his careless work.
他因不小心的工作收到了警告。
C1 verb /əˈpɔːl/

appall

震惊
Meaning
To shock or horrify someone with something unpleasant or bad.
Example
The cruelty of the crime appalled the entire community.
犯罪的残忍让整个社区震惊。
C1 noun /əˈpærəl/

apparel

衣服
Meaning
Clothing, especially formal or special clothes.
Example
The store specializes in wedding apparel.
商店专门出售婚礼服装。
C1 noun /ˈænvɪl/

anvil

铁砧
Meaning
A heavy iron block used by blacksmiths for hammering and shaping metal.
Example
The blacksmith placed the hot iron on the anvil.
铁匠将热铁放在铁砧上。
C1 adjective /ˈædʒ.aɪl/

agile

快速且灵活
Meaning
able to move quickly and easily; quick and adaptable in thinking or action
Example
The startup team was agile in responding to market changes.
初创团队在应对市场变化时非常灵活。
C1 noun /ænˈθɒlədʒi/

anthology

选集
Meaning
A collection of literary works, such as poems, short stories, or essays, compiled into one volume.
Example
She contributed a poem to the new poetry anthology.
她为新的诗歌选集贡献了一首诗。
C1 verb /ədˈmɪnɪstreɪt/

administrate

管理
Meaning
to manage or supervise the execution of duties, laws, or resources; to formally give or apply something such as a test or medicine
Example
The committee will administrate the new policy across all departments.
委员会将在所有部门管理这项新政策。
C1 adjective /ˌæntiˈneɪtl/

antenatal

产前
Meaning
Relating to the medical care and treatment given to a pregnant woman before the birth of her child.
Example
She attended regular antenatal checkups throughout her pregnancy.
她在怀孕期间定期参加产前检查。
C1 adjective /ˌæntiˈsleɪvəri/

antislavery

反奴隶制
Meaning
Opposed to the practice or system of slavery.
Example
The antislavery movement gained momentum in the 19th century.
反奴隶制运动在19世纪获得了动力。
C1 noun /ˈɑːr.tər.i/

Artery

动脉
Meaning
a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to other parts of the body
Example
The doctor checked the pulse in his artery.
医生检查了他动脉的脉搏。
C1 noun ˈæ.sɛt ˌæl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən

asset allocation

资产配置
Meaning
An investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by apportioning a portfolio's assets according to an individual's goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon.
Example
Proper asset allocation is key to financial growth.
正确的资产配置是财务增长的关键。
C1 noun /əˈliː.dʒəns/

allegiance

忠诚
Meaning
Loyalty or commitment of a subordinate to a superior or of an individual to a group or cause.
Example
Soldiers take an oath of allegiance to their country.
士兵宣誓效忠他们的国家。
C1 noun /ˈæspɪrənt/

aspirant

有志者
Meaning
a person who seeks or hopes to achieve a position of honor or advancement
Example
She is an aspirant for the university's top scholarship.
她是大学最高奖学金的有志者。
C1 noun /ˈæb.stɪ.nəns/

abstinence

禁欲，节制
Meaning
the practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically alcohol or sex
Example
His doctor advised abstinence from alcohol for better health.
他的医生建议他戒酒以改善健康。
C1 noun /əˈdʒeɪsənsi/

adjacency

邻近性
Meaning
The state of being next to or adjoining something else.
Example
The adjacency of the two buildings made it easy to connect them.
这两座建筑物的邻近性使得它们的连接变得容易。
C1 verb /əˈpɛnd/

append

附加
Meaning
to add something as an attachment or supplement, usually at the end of a document or list
Example
She decided to append a note to the end of the report.
她决定在报告的末尾添加一条注释。
C1 noun, verb /ˈɔːtɒpsi/

autopsy

尸检
Meaning
a post-mortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease
Example
The autopsy revealed that the victim had died from poisoning.
尸检显示受害者死于中毒。
C1 noun esˈθet.ɪks

aesthetics

美学
Meaning
A set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty, especially in art and design.
Example
Interior design focuses on aesthetics and functionality.
室内设计专注于美学和功能性。
C1 noun /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/

antecedent

先例
Meaning
something that came before; a previous event, condition, or cause
Example
The cultural antecedents of this festival go back centuries.
这个节日的文化先例可以追溯到几个世纪前。
C1 noun /ˈɑːrmfʊl/

armful

一臂之力
Meaning
As much as can be carried in one or both arms.
Example
She carried an armful of books into the library.
她带着一臂之力的书走进了图书馆。
C1 noun /ˈæbət/

abbot

院长
Meaning
The head of a monastery for monks.
Example
The abbot welcomed the visitors to the monastery.
院长欢迎游客来到修道院。
C1 adjective /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒənəl/

aboriginal

土著
Meaning
Relating to the original inhabitants of a region.
Example
The museum has a large collection of aboriginal art.
博物馆里有大量的土著艺术收藏。
C1 noun /ˈɑːrməri/

armory

军械库
Meaning
A place where weapons are stored; a supply of resources or skills.
Example
The soldiers kept their weapons in the armory.
士兵们把武器存放在军械库里。
C1 adjective /ˈækʃənəbl̩/

actionable

可执行的
Meaning
Able to be acted on or giving sufficient reason for legal action.
Example
The lawyer confirmed that the evidence was actionable in court.
律师确认证据在法庭上是可执行的。
C1 verb /əˈlʊər/

allure

吸引
Meaning
to attract or tempt someone with something desirable; to entice
Example
The beautiful garden allured visitors from far away.
美丽的花园吸引了远处的游客。
C1 noun /əˈsæsɪn/

Assassin

刺客
Meaning
a person who murders an important person for political or religious reasons
Example
The president was protected from potential assassins by security guards.
总统被保安人员保护，免受潜在刺客的攻击。
C1 noun /ˈælɪbaɪ/

alibi

不在场证明
Meaning
A claim or piece of evidence that one was elsewhere when an act, typically a crime, was committed.
Example
She had a strong alibi that proved she was at the cinema during the theft.
她有一个强有力的辩解，证明她在偷窃发生时在电影院。
C1 adjective /æbˈdɑː.mə.nəl/

abdominal

腹部的
Meaning
relating to the abdomen (the part of the body between the chest and pelvis)
Example
He complained of severe abdominal pain.
他抱怨剧烈的腹部疼痛。
C1 noun /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

armada

战舰舰队
Meaning
A large fleet of warships.
Example
The Spanish Armada sailed against England in 1588.
西班牙的阿尔马达在1588年向英国进发。
C1 noun /əˈkwɪtl/

acquittal

Meaning
a judgment that a person is not guilty of the crime with which they have been charged
Example
The acquittal of the accused shocked the public.
C1 adjective /ˈærəbəl/

arable

可耕种的
Meaning
suitable for growing crops or farming
Example
The farmer purchased arable land to expand his crops.
农民购买了可耕种的土地，以扩大他的作物。
C1 noun /ˈækəleɪd/

accolade

荣誉
Meaning
An award, honor, or expression of praise.
Example
She received an accolade for her outstanding performance.
她因出色的表现获得了荣誉。
C1 noun /ˈæltoʊ/

alto

高音 (成人歌唱声部)
Meaning
the second highest adult singing voice, between soprano and tenor
Example
She sang the alto part in the choir beautifully.
她在合唱团中美妙地唱着高音部分。
C1 noun /ˈælɔɪ/

alloy

合金
Meaning
A mixture of metals or a metal combined with another element.
Example
Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.
青铜是铜和锡的合金。
C1 adverb /əˈtroʊʃəsli/

atrociously

极其糟糕地
Meaning
in a very cruel, shocking, or extremely bad manner
Example
The service at the restaurant was atrociously slow.
这家餐馆的服务慢得极其糟糕。
C1 adjective əsˈtjuːt

astute

敏锐的或精明的
Meaning
Having or showing an ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one's advantage.
Example
His astute observations helped solve the complex problem.
他的敏锐观察帮助解决了复杂的问题。
C1 noun /əˌsaɪˈniː/

assignee

受让人
Meaning
a person to whom a right or property is legally transferred
Example
The assignee of the contract is responsible for all future obligations.
合同的受让人对所有未来的义务负责。
C1 noun /əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/

agility

灵活性
Meaning
Ability to work quickly and easily, both physically and mentally.
Example
Mental agility is essential for problem-solving.
思维敏捷对解决问题至关重要。
C1 adjective /ˌeɪθiˈɪstɪk/

atheistic

无神论的
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of atheists or atheism.
Example
She grew up in an atheistic household with no religious rituals.
她在一个无神论家庭长大，那里没有宗教仪式。
C1 adjective /ˌeɪsɪˈmɛtrɪkəl/

asymmetrical

不对称
Meaning
Having parts that are not the same in size, shape, or arrangement.
Example
She wore an asymmetrical dress that drew everyone’s attention.
她穿了一件不对称的裙子，吸引了所有人的注意。
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

苍白的
Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
当他听到可怕的消息时，他的脸变得苍白。
C1 adjective /əˈnɒmələs/

anomalous

异常
Meaning
deviating from what is standard, normal, or expected
Example
Scientists observed an anomalous result during the experiment.
科学家在实验中观察到了一个异常的结果。
C1 noun /ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/

anguish

痛苦
Meaning
Severe mental or physical pain or suffering.
Example
She was in deep anguish after hearing the tragic news.
听到悲惨的消息后，她陷入了深深的痛苦。
C1 noun ˌæf.ɔːr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən

afforestation

造林
Meaning
The action of planting trees on an area of land in order to form a forest.
Example
Afforestation helps restore biodiversity.
造林有助于恢复生物多样性。
C1 noun /əˈseɪlənt/

assailant

攻击者
Meaning
a person who attacks another
Example
The police arrested the assailant at the scene.
警方在现场逮捕了攻击者。
C1 noun /ˈæptɪˌtjuːd/

aptitude

能力
Meaning
a natural ability or talent to do something well
Example
She has a strong aptitude for learning new languages.
她在学习新语言方面有很强的能力。
C1 verb /ɔːɡˈmɛnt/

augment

增加
Meaning
To increase or strengthen something.
Example
The company plans to augment its workforce.
公司计划增加其劳动力。
C1 noun /əˈlʌmnəs/

alumnus

校友
Meaning
a former student or graduate of a school, college, or university
Example
He is an alumnus of Harvard University.
他是哈佛大学的校友。
C1 adjective /ˈɑːtfəl/

Artful

巧妙的; 机智的; 狡猾的
Meaning
clever or skillful, especially in a cunning way
Example
She gave an artful answer that avoided the real question.
她给出了一个巧妙的回答，避开了真正的问题。
C1 adjective /ˌɔːtəˈkrætɪk/

autocratic

专制
Meaning
Relating to a ruler who has absolute power and does not consult others.
Example
The manager’s autocratic style discouraged employees from sharing their ideas.
经理的专制风格使员工不愿意分享他们的想法。
C1 adjective /ədˈmɪsəbl/

admissible

Meaning
acceptable or valid, especially as evidence in a court of law
Example
The judge ruled that the document was admissible as evidence.
C1 noun, adverb /ˈeɪliəs/

alias

别名
Meaning
A false or assumed identity; also used to mean 'otherwise called'.
Example
The criminal was known by the alias 'Shadow'.
罪犯以'影子'为别名。
C1 noun, verb /əˈsɛnt/

assent

同意
Meaning
To agree to something, especially after careful consideration; an expression of approval.
Example
She nodded her head in silent assent.
她默默地点了点头。
C1 noun /əˈtrɑːsəti/

atrocity

暴行
Meaning
an extremely cruel or violent act, often involving physical violence
Example
The world condemned the atrocity committed against civilians.
世界谴责对平民犯下的暴行。
C1 adjective /ˈɔːbərn/

auburn

红棕色
Meaning
reddish-brown in color, especially used to describe hair
Example
She has long auburn hair that shines in the sunlight.
她有一头长长的红棕色头发，在阳光下闪闪发光。
C1 noun /ˈælkəmi/

alchemy

炼金术
Meaning
A medieval practice combining elements of chemistry and philosophy, aimed at transforming matter, especially turning base metals into gold.
Example
Medieval scientists devoted their lives to alchemy.
中世纪的科学家们将他们的生命献给了炼金术。
C1 noun /ˈænti ˈeəkræft ɡʌn/

Anti-aircraft-gun

防空炮
Meaning
a weapon designed to attack aircraft from the ground
Example
The anti-aircraft gun was positioned to defend the military base.
防空炮被布置在军用基地以进行防御。
C1 noun /əˈbreɪʒən/

abrasion

由于摩擦而导致的皮肤或表面的擦伤或磨损
Meaning
a scrape or wearing away of the skin or surface due to friction
Example
He suffered a minor abrasion on his knee after falling.
他在摔倒后膝盖上受了一个轻微的擦伤。
C1 adjective /əˈpriː.ʃə.bəl/

Appreciable

可察觉的; 显著的; 在数量上可观的
Meaning
noticeable; significant; considerable in amount
Example
There was an appreciable improvement in his test scores.
他的考试成绩有了可察觉的改善。
C1 noun /ˈæpərtʃər/

aperture

孔洞 / 缝隙
Meaning
an opening, hole, or gap, especially one that lets in light
Example
Light entered through the small aperture in the wall.
光线通过墙上的小孔径进入。
C1 noun /ˌeɪ.li.əˈneɪ.ʃən/

alienation

异化
Meaning
The state of being isolated or estranged from a group or activity.
Example
The new policies created a sense of alienation among employees.
新政策在员工中产生了异化感。
C1 noun /əˈrɪəz/

arrears

欠款
Meaning
Money that is owed and should have been paid earlier.
Example
She was months in arrears with her electricity bill.
她的电费账单已经拖欠了好几个月。
C1 adverb /əˈnjuː/

anew

重新
Meaning
In a new or different way; once more.
Example
After the failure, she decided to start her life anew.
失败后，她决定重新开始她的生活。
C1 adjective /əˈwɒʃ/

awash

淹没
Meaning
covered or flooded with water or something in large quantities
Example
The market was awash with cheap imported goods.
市场被廉价的进口商品淹没。
C1 verb /əˈtɛst/

attest

证实
Meaning
To provide or serve as clear evidence of; to confirm or certify the truth of something.
Example
The witness attested to the accuracy of the report.
证人证明报告的准确性。
C1 noun /əˈstuːt.nəs/

astuteness

机智
Meaning
The ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one's advantage.
Example
His astuteness helped in negotiations.
他的机智在谈判中起到了帮助作用。
C1 noun /əˈkuːstɪks/

acoustics

声学
Meaning
the science of sound, or the properties of a space that affect how sound is heard
Example
The hall’s excellent acoustics made the orchestra sound rich and clear.
大厅的优良声学效果让管弦乐团的声音丰富而清晰。
C1 adjective /iːsˈθɛθɪkəl/

aesthetical

美学的
Meaning
concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty; related to artistic taste or appearance
Example
The architect focused on the aesthetical balance of the building.
建筑师注重建筑的美学平衡。
C1 noun /ˈæl.kə.laɪ/

alkali

碱性物质
Meaning
a soluble base substance, typically with a pH greater than 7, that neutralizes acids
Example
Soap contains alkali which helps remove grease.
肥皂含有碱，能帮助去除油脂。
C1 adjective /ˈɔː.də.bəl/

Audible

可听见的
Meaning
able to be heard; loud enough to hear
Example
The speaker's voice was barely audible from the back of the large hall.
演讲者的声音从大礼堂的后面几乎听不见。
C1 adjective /ˌeɪˈsɛkʃuəl/

asexual

无性
Meaning
Without sexual feelings, associations, or reproduction through sex.
Example
Many plants reproduce through asexual methods like budding or splitting.
许多植物通过无性繁殖方式，如发芽或分裂，进行繁殖。
C1 noun ɔːˈstɛr.ɪ.ti

austerity

紧缩政策
Meaning
Simple and disciplined lifestyle, avoiding luxury.
Example
The government implemented austerity measures to reduce expenses.
政府实施了紧缩措施以减少开支。
C1 noun /əˈvɜːrʒən/

aversion

厌恶
Meaning
a strong feeling of dislike or unwillingness towards something
Example
She has a strong aversion to smoking.
她对吸烟有强烈的反感。
C1 noun /əˈboʊd/

abode

住所
Meaning
a place of residence; a home
Example
They invited us to their humble abode.
他们邀请我们去他们简朴的住所。
C1 verb /əˈfɪks/

affix

附加 / 粘贴
Meaning
to attach or stick something firmly to another thing
Example
Please affix the stamp to the envelope.
请将邮票粘在信封上。
C1 noun /ədˈhɪərənt/

adherent

追随者
Meaning
a person who supports or follows a particular belief, cause, or leader
Example
He is a strong adherent of democratic values.
他是民主价值观的坚定追随者。
C1 adjective /əˈluːf/

aloof

冷漠
Meaning
Not friendly or forthcoming; cool and distant.
Example
He remained aloof during the entire discussion.
他在整个讨论过程中都显得冷漠。
C1 verb /əˈtjuːn/

attune

使适应
Meaning
to make someone or something aware of or responsive to something; to adjust or harmonize
Example
She quickly attuned herself to the needs of her new team.
她很快适应了新团队的需求。
C1 noun ˌæp.əˈreɪ.təs

apparatus

设备
Meaning
The technical equipment or machinery needed for a particular activity or purpose.
Example
The apparatus was designed to be eco-friendly.
该设备设计为环保型。
C1 adjective ˌæv.ɒ̃ˈɡɑːd

avant-garde

先锋
Meaning
New and experimental; characterized by departure from or rejection of accepted standards.
Example
Avant-garde designs redefine the dining experience.
先锋设计重新定义了餐饮体验。
C1 adjective /ænˈtɪriər/

anterior

前部的
Meaning
Situated at or toward the front; coming before in position or time.
Example
The anterior part of the brain controls logical thinking.
大脑的前部控制逻辑思维。
C1 noun /ədˈhɪə.rəns/

adherence

遵守
Meaning
The practice of following or keeping to a rule, standard, or belief.
Example
Adherence to rules is crucial in any organization.
遵守规则在任何组织中都至关重要。
C1 adjective /ˈænsɪləri/

ancillary

附属的
Meaning
providing necessary support to the main system or organization
Example
The company provides ancillary services to the healthcare industry.
公司为医疗行业提供附加服务。
C1 noun /əˈpɒlədʒɪst/

apologist

辩护者
Meaning
a person who defends or justifies something, often a controversial belief or institution
Example
He is known as an apologist for authoritarian regimes.
他被认为是独裁政权的辩护者。
C1 noun əˈɡrɛriən səˈsaɪətiz

agrarian societies

农业社会
Meaning
Societies based on agriculture and farming as the primary economic activity.
Example
Agrarian societies emerged from a need for stable food sources.
农业社会从对稳定食品来源的需求中产生。
C1 noun/verb /ˈætrəfi/

atrophy

萎缩
Meaning
a decrease in size or wasting away of a body part, tissue, or ability due to lack of use
Example
Without regular exercise, muscles may atrophy over time.
没有规律的锻炼，肌肉随着时间的推移可能会萎缩。
C1 adjective /ˌæn.ɪkˈdoʊ.t̬əl/

anecdotal

基于个人叙述而非事实或研究，特点是轶事
Meaning
Based on personal accounts rather than facts or research; characterized by anecdotes.
Example
The book was filled with anecdotal evidence rather than data.
这本书充满了轶事性证据，而不是数据。
C1 verb /əˈskraɪb/

ascribe

归因于，归咎于
Meaning
To attribute something to a cause, source, or person.
Example
Many scholars ascribe the poem to an unknown author.
许多学者将这首诗归功于一位无名作者。
C1 noun /ˌædʒ.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

agitation

激动
Meaning
a state of nervousness, excitement, or unrest; or action of stirring up public concern
Example
There was visible agitation among the crowd.
人群中有明显的激动。
C1 verb /ˈæn.ə.teɪt/

annotate

添加注释或评论
Meaning
to add notes or comments to a text, diagram, or document for explanation or clarification
Example
The teacher asked the students to annotate the poem with their interpretations.
Lǎoshī yāoqiú xuéshēng zài shī cí zhōng tiānjiā tāmen de jiěshì.
C1 adverb /əˈbrɛst/

abreast

并排
Meaning
side by side and facing the same direction; informed about something
Example
The soldiers marched two abreast down the street.
士兵们并排走在街上。
C1 noun /ədˈhiːʒən/

adhesion

附着
Meaning
the process or state of sticking to something
Example
Strong adhesion is needed for the tiles to stay in place.
瓷砖保持在原位需要强附着力。
C1 adverb /əˈraɪ/

awry

出错
Meaning
away from the expected or proper direction; wrong or amiss
Example
The plan went awry when the weather suddenly changed.
计划在天气突然变化时出了问题。
C1 verb /ˌæprɪˈhɛnd/

apprehend

逮捕
Meaning
to arrest or seize someone; to understand or perceive something
Example
The police managed to apprehend the thief after a long chase.
警察在一场长时间的追逐后成功逮捕了小偷。
C1 adjective /əˈnæl.ə.ɡəs/

analogous

类似的
Meaning
Comparable in certain respects, typically in a way that makes clearer the nature of things being compared.
Example
The human brain is analogous to a supercomputer.
人脑与超级计算机类似。
C1 noun /ˌænəsˈθetɪk/

anesthetic

麻醉剂
Meaning
A substance that causes loss of sensation or consciousness, especially used during surgery.
Example
The doctor administered a local anesthetic before stitching the wound.
医生在缝合伤口之前使用了局部麻醉剂。
C1 noun /ˈækwɪˌdʌkt/

aqueduct

引水道
Meaning
a structure built to carry water over long distances
Example
The Romans built aqueducts to supply water to their cities.
罗马人建造了引水道来为他们的城市提供水。
C1 noun /ˈæbsɛs/

abscess

脓肿
Meaning
A swollen area within body tissue containing pus, usually caused by infection.
Example
The dentist treated the abscess in his tooth.
牙医治疗了他牙齿上的脓肿。
C1 noun /ˌɑːr.kəˈpɛl.əˌɡoʊ/

archipelago

群岛
Meaning
A group of islands clustered together in a body of water.
Example
Indonesia is an archipelago with thousands of islands.
印度尼西亚是一个由成千上万个岛屿组成的群岛。
C1 adjective /əˈbaɪdɪŋ/

abiding

持久的
Meaning
lasting for a long time; enduring
Example
She had an abiding love for her hometown.
她对故乡有着持久的爱。
C1 adjective /æmˈfɪb.i.əs/

Amphibious

两栖动物
Meaning
able to live both on land and in water; suitable for both land and water operations
Example
The amphibious vehicle can travel on both land and water.
两栖车能够在陆地和水中行驶。
C1 noun /əˈsɛndənsi/

ascendancy

优势, 统治
Meaning
A position of power, influence, or control over others.
Example
The company gained ascendancy in the market through innovation.
该公司通过创新在市场中获得了优势。
C1 verb /ˈæmbʊʃ/

ambush

伏击
Meaning
To attack suddenly and unexpectedly from a hidden position.
Example
The soldiers planned to ambush the enemy at dawn.
士兵们计划在黎明时伏击敌人。
C1 adjective /əˈtrəʊ.ʃəs/

Atrocious

可怕的; 极其糟糕或令人不悦的
Meaning
horrifyingly wicked; extremely bad or unpleasant
Example
The conditions in the prison were atrocious.
监狱的条件非常糟糕。
C1 adjective /əˈɡæst/

aghast

震惊
Meaning
filled with shock or horror
Example
The audience was aghast at the tragic scene.
观众对悲惨的场面感到震惊。
C1 adjective /ˈɔːdəˌtɔːri/

auditory

Meaning
Relating to the sense of hearing.
Example
The lecture was designed to enhance students' auditory learning skills.
C1 noun /ˈædʒʌŋkt/

adjunct

附加物
Meaning
a thing added to something else as a supplementary part
Example
The professor worked as an adjunct at the university.
教授在大学担任附加职位工作。
C1 adjective ˌæd.vɚˈser.i.əl

adversarial

对抗的
Meaning
Involving or characterized by conflict or opposition.
Example
The two companies have an adversarial relationship in the market.
这两家公司在市场上有对抗的关系。
C1 adjective /æmˈbɪvələnt/

ambivalent

矛盾的
Meaning
Having mixed or contradictory feelings about something or someone.
Example
She was ambivalent about accepting the new job offer.
她对接受新工作的提议感到矛盾。
C1 adjective /ˈɔːrəl/

aural

听觉的
Meaning
Relating to the ear or the sense of hearing.
Example
The lecture was an aural experience as well as an intellectual one.
讲座是一次听觉体验，和一次智力体验一样。
C1 adjective /ɔːˈdeɪ.ʃəs/

Audacious

大胆
Meaning
showing willingness to take bold risks; daring
Example
His audacious plan to climb the mountain without proper equipment shocked everyone.
他毫不犹豫地提出了一个大胆的计划，要在没有适当设备的情况下攀登这座山，令所有人震惊。
C1 noun /əˈlɜːrtnəs/

alertness

警觉性
Meaning
the state of being mentally aware and quick to notice or respond; vigilance
Example
The driver maintained a high level of alertness during the long journey.
司机在长途驾驶中保持了高度的警觉性。
C1 noun /ˌæɡ.rəˈveɪ.ʃən/

aggravation

恶化, 加剧
Meaning
The act of making a situation worse or the state of being worsened.
Example
The delay caused great aggravation for the passengers.
延误给乘客带来了极大的困扰。
C1 noun /ˈɑːr.sən.əl/

arsenal

军械库
Meaning
A collection or storage place for weapons and military equipment.
Example
The army kept its weapons in a secure arsenal.
军队将武器保存在一个安全的军械库中。
C1 adjective /əˈbreɪsɪv/

abrasive

Meaning
harsh, rough, or capable of wearing down by rubbing
Example
His abrasive tone made everyone uncomfortable.
C1 noun /əˈduː/

ado

喧闹 / 不必要的活动
Meaning
a fuss or unnecessary activity; trouble or difficulty
Example
Without further ado, let’s begin the ceremony.
不再多言，我们开始仪式。
C1 adjective /əˈlʊr.ɪŋ/

Alluring

迷人且诱人; 迷人的
Meaning
attractive and tempting; fascinating
Example
The alluring fragrance of roses filled the garden.
玫瑰的迷人香气弥漫在花园里。
C1 adjective /ˈɑːrɡjuəbl/

arguable

有争议的
Meaning
open to debate or discussion; not certain and capable of being argued for or against
Example
It is arguable that technology has improved our quality of life.
可以说，科技改善了我们的生活质量。
C1 noun /ˌæktʃuˈæləti/

actuality

现实
Meaning
The state of existing in reality rather than in appearance or imagination.
Example
The movie was based on historical actuality.
这部电影基于历史现实。