hit rock bottom
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idiom

hit rock bottom

跌入谷底；到达失败或抑郁的最低点
Meaning
to reach the lowest point of failure or depression
Example
After losing his job, he **hit rock bottom**.
失去工作后，他**跌入了谷底**。
idiom

get to the root of the problem

发现问题的根本原因
Meaning
to discover the main cause of a problem
Example
We need to **get to the root of the problem** before we can fix it.
我们需要在解决问题之前**找到问题的根本原因**。
idiom

Fail fast

快速识别并从失败中学习。
Meaning
To quickly identify and learn from failures.
Example
In startups, it’s better to **fail fast** and learn than to waste time.
在创业公司中，最好是**快速失败**并学习，而不是浪费时间。
idiom

Run the risk

做某事可能会导致损失或危险。
Meaning
To do something that may result in loss or danger.
Example
You’ll **run the risk** of losing everything if you lie.
如果你撒谎，你将面临失去一切的风险。
idiom

take the spotlight

成为注意力或钦佩的中心
Meaning
to be the center of attention or admiration
Example
The young actress **took the spotlight** at the award ceremony.
年轻女演员在颁奖典礼上**成为了焦点**。
idiom

mother hen

一个非常保护或关心他人的人，特别是在家庭中
Meaning
a person who is very protective or caring, especially within a family
Example
Aunt Mary is a real **mother hen**, always looking after everyone.
玛丽婶是一个真正的‘母鸡’，总是照顾每个人。
idiom

lead by example

通过亲自做示范来向他人展示如何行为
Meaning
to show others how to behave by doing it yourself
Example
A true leader always **leads by example**.
一个真正的领导者总是以身作则。
idiom

An arm and a leg

非常昂贵的东西。
Meaning
Something that is very expensive.
Example
That new phone costs **an arm and a leg**, but it’s worth it.
那部新手机 **非常昂贵**，但它值得。
idiom

give it a shot

尝试某事，即使你不确定是否会成功
Meaning
to try something, even if you are not sure of success
Example
You should **give it a shot**; you might surprise yourself.
你应该尝试一下；你可能会让自己惊讶。
idiom

a roof over your head

一个住的地方；一个避难所
Meaning
a place to live; a shelter
Example
At least we have **a roof over our heads**.
至少我们有一个地方住。
idiom

have a crush on

对某人产生兴趣
Meaning
to be attracted to someone
Example
I **had a crush on** my classmate in college.
我曾经迷恋过大学的同班同学。
idiom

in one ear and out the other

对所说的话不加注意
Meaning
to not pay attention to what is said
Example
Whatever I tell him goes **in one ear and out the other**.
无论我对他说什么，都左耳进右耳出。
idiom

hard as nails

非常坚强和有决心
Meaning
very tough and determined
Example
She’s **hard as nails** when it comes to achieving her goals.
她在实现目标时非常坚强和有决心。
idiom

the vision thing

清晰地想象和规划未来的能力
Meaning
the ability to imagine and plan the future clearly
Example
Many politicians lack **the vision thing**.
许多政治家缺乏远见。
idiom

dump someone

突然或无礼地结束一段浪漫关系
Meaning
to end a romantic relationship suddenly or unkindly
Example
She **dumped** him by text message.
她通过短信把他甩了。
idiom

cover all bases

为所有可能的情况做好准备
Meaning
to prepare for all possible situations
Example
Before the presentation, we need to **cover all bases**.
在演讲之前，我们需要做好所有准备工作。
idiom

drop a bombshell

宣布一些令人震惊或出乎意料的事情
Meaning
to announce something shocking or unexpected
Example
She **dropped a bombshell** by quitting her job.
她通过辞掉工作让大家吃了一惊。
idiom

let your imagination run wild

允许自己自由地和富有创意地思考
Meaning
to allow yourself to think freely and creatively
Example
When writing stories, I always **let my imagination run wild**.
当我写故事时，我总是让我的想象力自由驰骋。
idiom

climb the ladder

在职业中步步高升
Meaning
to move up in position or success, especially in a career
Example
He worked hard to **climb the ladder** in his company.
他努力工作以在公司中**步步高升**。
idiom

break away

从小组或常规中分离
Meaning
to separate from a group or routine
Example
She plans to **break away** from the commute by working remotely twice a week.
她计划通过每周远程工作两次来**break away**通勤。
idiom

filter bubble

一种情况，人们只看到强化其信仰的在线内容
Meaning
a situation where a person only sees online content that reinforces their beliefs
Example
Many people live inside a **filter bubble** on social media.
许多人生活在社交媒体的**过滤泡沫**中。
idiom

cracks in the wall

系统或关系中的问题或弱点迹象
Meaning
signs of problems or weaknesses in a system or relationship
Example
There are **cracks in the wall** of their friendship lately.
最近他们的友谊出现了裂痕。
idiom

Disrupt the market

通过创新彻底改变一个行业。
Meaning
To radically change an industry with innovation.
Example
Their app aims to **disrupt the market** for food delivery.
他们的应用旨在**扰乱市场**，以进行食品配送。
idiom

go live

在社交媒体上实时开始直播
Meaning
to start broadcasting in real time on social media
Example
She plans to **go live** tonight to talk with her followers.
她计划今晚开直播与她的粉丝聊天。
idiom

Under the spotlight

接受公众注意或审查。
Meaning
Receiving public attention or scrutiny.
Example
The editor has been **under the spotlight** after the controversial article.
编辑在有争议的文章之后**成为焦点**。
idiom

to keep one's chin up

在困难的情况下保持积极和充满希望
Meaning
to stay positive and hopeful in a difficult situation
Example
Even though she lost the game, she managed to **keep her chin up** and stayed positive.
虽然她输了比赛，但她设法 **保持着她的信心**，保持积极。
idiom

to cloud-sync

通过云服务在设备之间同步数据或文件
Meaning
to synchronize data or files between devices via cloud services
Example
I always **to cloud-sync** my documents so that I can access them anywhere.
我总是**云同步**我的文档，以便在任何地方都能访问它们。
idiom

kindred spirit

有相似兴趣或感情的人
Meaning
someone who has similar interests or feelings
Example
We became friends because we’re **kindred spirits**.
我们成为朋友是因为我们是志同道合的人。
idiom

just what the doctor ordered

正是需要或想要的
Meaning
exactly what is needed or wanted
Example
A cup of tea was **just what the doctor ordered**.
一杯茶正是需要的。
idiom

out of harm’s way

远离危险或困难。
Meaning
To be safe from danger or difficulty.
Example
Make sure the children are **out of harm’s way** before lighting the fire.
在点火之前，确保孩子们远离危险。
idiom

break free

摆脱控制或限制
Meaning
to escape from control or restriction
Example
She wanted to **break free** from her routine life.
她想要摆脱日常生活的束缚。
idiom

put the finishing touches

通过添加最后的细节来完美地完成某事
Meaning
to complete something perfectly by adding the final details
Example
She’s **putting the finishing touches** on her painting.
她正在为她的画作做最后的修饰。
idiom

have a soft spot for someone

对某人感到喜爱或温柔
Meaning
to feel affection or fondness for someone
Example
He has always **had a soft spot for** his childhood friend.
他一直对他的童年朋友有柔软的感觉。
idiom

Throw down the gauntlet

挑战某人打架或竞争。
Meaning
To challenge someone to fight or compete.
Example
He **threw down the gauntlet** by questioning his opponent’s honesty.
他通过质疑对手的诚实来抛出了挑战。
idiom

burst out laughing

突然大笑
Meaning
to suddenly start laughing loudly
Example
Everyone **burst out laughing** at his joke.
每个人听了他的笑话都**爆笑起来**。
idiom

grab a bite

快速吃点东西
Meaning
to eat something quickly
Example
Let’s **grab a bite** before the meeting.
我们在会议之前吃点东西。
idiom

Balance the scales

确保一切公平或相等
Meaning
to make sure everything is fair or equal
Example
We need to **balance the scales** before making a final decision.
我们需要在做出最终决定之前**平衡天平**。
idiom

puppy love

一种年轻或纯真的爱
Meaning
a young or innocent kind of love
Example
Their relationship in school was just **puppy love**.
他们在学校的关系只是**青涩的爱**。
idiom

a bundle of joy

某人或某物带来巨大的幸福
Meaning
someone or something that brings great happiness
Example
Their new baby is **a bundle of joy** for the family.
他们的新宝宝是家庭的**快乐源泉**。
idiom

hold someone accountable

让某人对他们的行为负责
Meaning
to make someone take responsibility for their actions
Example
It’s important to **hold people accountable** for their mistakes.
让人们为他们的错误负责是很重要的。
idiom

knock someone for six

极大地震惊或使某人烦恼
Meaning
to shock or upset someone greatly
Example
The sudden loss **knocked him for six**.
突如其来的损失 **让他震惊**。
idiom

let off steam

释放强烈的情绪或能量
Meaning
to release strong emotions or energy
Example
I went to the gym to **let off steam** after a stressful day.
我去健身房释放一天的压力。
idiom

split decision

一种意见分歧的决定
Meaning
a decision where people are divided in opinion
Example
The committee made a **split decision** on the proposal.
委员会对提案作出了分歧决定。
idiom

Wait for the dust to settle

等到情况变得清晰或平静。
Meaning
Wait until a situation becomes clear or calm.
Example
Let’s **wait for the dust to settle** before making a decision.
让我们在做决定之前等待局势平静下来。
idiom

skeleton in the closet

一个家庭的秘密，某人想要隐藏它
Meaning
a family secret that one wants to keep hidden
Example
Every family has a **skeleton in the closet** they don't talk about.
每个家庭都有一个他们不谈论的**衣柜里的骷髅**。
idiom

dial into

连接到电话或会议
Meaning
to connect to a call or meeting
Example
We’ll **dial into** the client briefing at noon.
我们将在中午连接到客户简报会。
idiom

weigh in

在讨论中发表意见
Meaning
to give an opinion in a discussion
Example
Experts will **weigh in** on the proposal tomorrow.
专家们将在明天对该提案发表意见。
idiom

bored to death

极度无聊
Meaning
extremely bored
Example
I was **bored to death** during the long lecture.
我在长时间的讲座中感到极度无聊。
idiom

hold your fire

延迟采取行动或回应
Meaning
to delay taking action or making a response
Example
He told his team to **hold their fire** until he gave the signal.
他说他的团队要等到他发出信号时再**暂停开火**。
idiom

In the blink of an eye

非常快，几乎是瞬间。
Meaning
Very quickly, almost instantaneously.
Example
The discovery of the new planet happened **in the blink of an eye**.
新行星的发现几乎是一瞬间发生的。
idiom

read someone like a book

轻松理解某人的思想和意图
Meaning
to easily understand someone's thoughts and intentions
Example
She can **read him like a book** and always knows when he's lying.
她可以**像读书一样读懂他**，并且总是知道他什么时候在撒谎。
idiom

pair off

组成两人一组
Meaning
to form groups of two
Example
Students will **pair off** for the lab experiment.
学生将**配对**进行实验。
idiom

to have second thoughts

重新考虑一个决定
Meaning
to reconsider a decision
Example
I’m **having second thoughts** about moving abroad.
我对移居国外有了**第二次想法**。
idiom

by the skin of your teeth

勉强完成某事
Meaning
to just barely manage to do something
Example
He passed the exam **by the skin of his teeth**.
他勉强通过了考试。
idiom

take the wheel

掌握控制权或责任
Meaning
to take control or responsibility
Example
It's time for the new manager to **take the wheel**.
是时候让新经理掌握控制权了。
idiom

a cold fish

一个没有情感或不友好的人
Meaning
someone who is unemotional or not friendly
Example
He seemed **a cold fish** when I first met him.
当我第一次见到他时，他看起来像一个冷淡的人。
idiom

keep faith

保持信念
Meaning
to continue believing in something or someone
Example
Even in tough times, you must **keep faith**.
即使在困难时期，你也必须保持信念。
idiom

hit a snag

遇到意外问题或障碍
Meaning
to face an unexpected problem or obstacle
Example
The project **hit a snag** when the server went down.
当服务器宕机时，项目**hit a snag**。
idiom

machine learning to the rescue

使用机器学习算法来解决人类难以处理的复杂问题
Meaning
using machine learning algorithms to solve complex problems that humans can't easily handle
Example
When the data was too large for traditional methods, **machine learning to the rescue** helped us find patterns.
当数据对传统方法来说太大时，**machine learning to the rescue** 帮助我们找到模式。
idiom

get away from it all

从日常生活中抽离；放松一下
Meaning
to take a break from daily routine; to relax
Example
We went to the countryside to **get away from it all**.
我们去了乡下放松一下，远离一切。
idiom

break down

因强烈的情绪而开始哭泣
Meaning
to start crying due to strong emotions
Example
She **broke down** when she heard the sad news.
她听到悲伤的消息时崩溃了。
idiom

give it your all

尽全力或用尽全部精力
Meaning
to try your best or use all your energy
Example
If you **give it your all**, you’ll be proud of yourself no matter the result.
如果你尽全力，不论结果如何，你都会为自己感到自豪。
idiom

A goal without a plan is just a wish

没有明确计划的目标成功的可能性很小。
Meaning
Having a goal without a clear plan makes it unlikely to succeed.
Example
Don’t just dream, remember **a goal without a plan is just a wish**.
不要只做梦，记住**没有计划的目标只是一个愿望**。
idiom

pull oneself up by the bootstraps

通过努力工作和决心改善自己的处境
Meaning
to improve one's situation through hard work and determination
Example
Despite all the challenges, he **pulled himself up by the bootstraps** and succeeded.
尽管面临所有挑战，他**通过努力奋斗**取得了成功。
idiom

not lose heart

不要失去信心或勇气
Meaning
to not lose confidence or courage
Example
**Don’t lose heart**; success takes time.
不要失去信心；成功需要时间
idiom

grin from ear to ear

因为高兴而露出灿烂的笑容
Meaning
to smile broadly because of happiness
Example
She was **grinning from ear to ear** after the compliment.
她在收到夸奖后笑得合不拢嘴。
idiom

after the storm comes the calm

风暴之后是平静
Meaning
peace follows a period of trouble
Example
Stay patient; **after the storm comes the calm**.
保持耐心；**风暴过后，平静来临**。
idiom

to bite off more than you can chew

承担一项过于困难的任务
Meaning
to take on a task that is too difficult
Example
He **bit off more than he could chew** by promising to finish the work alone.
他 **答应独自完成工作**，结果承担了过于困难的任务。
idiom

a clear conscience

一种没有罪恶感或后悔的状态
Meaning
a state of being free from guilt or regret
Example
She could sleep soundly at night because she had **a clear conscience**.
她晚上能安然入睡，因为她有一颗清白的良心。
idiom

go according to plan

按预期发生
Meaning
to happen as expected
Example
Everything went **according to plan** during the event.
一切都按预期 **按计划** 进行。
idiom

digital footprint

用户在线活动留下的信息痕迹
Meaning
the trace of information left by a user's online activities
Example
Be cautious about what you post online; your **digital footprint** lasts forever.
小心你在线发布的内容; 你的 **数字足迹** 会永远存在。
idiom

a weight off one's shoulders

解决问题或负担后的轻松感觉
Meaning
a feeling of relief after a problem or burden is resolved
Example
When she finished the project, it felt like a **weight off her shoulders**.
当她完成项目时，她感觉像肩上的重担被卸下了一样。
idiom

race against time

赶在截止日期前完成某事
Meaning
to rush to complete something before a deadline
Example
We’re in a **race against time** to meet the client’s demand.
我们正在**与时间赛跑**，以满足客户的需求。
idiom

on the rocks

处于困境或可能失败（特别是关系或婚姻）
Meaning
in trouble or likely to fail (especially a relationship or marriage)
Example
Their marriage is **on the rocks** after constant arguments.
他们的婚姻在**困境中**，因为不断争吵。
idiom

take someone aback

突然让某人感到惊讶或震惊
Meaning
to surprise or shock someone suddenly
Example
I was **taken aback** by his rude comment.
我被他粗鲁的评论吓了一跳。
idiom

to put two and two together

从事实中弄明白某事
Meaning
to figure something out from the facts
Example
She didn’t tell me directly, but I **put two and two together**.
她没有直接告诉我，但我自己明白了。
idiom

hold back on

推迟或减少做某事
Meaning
to delay or reduce doing something
Example
Let’s **hold back on** hiring until sales improve.
让我们推迟招聘，直到销售有所改善。
idiom

nail down

使某事确定或明确
Meaning
to make something definite or certain
Example
We need to **nail down** the details before signing the contract.
在签合同之前，我们需要确定细节。
idiom

keep your emotions in check

控制你的情绪
Meaning
to control your emotions
Example
It's important to **keep your emotions in check** during a meeting.
在会议期间保持控制你的情绪是很重要的。
idiom

When the going gets tough, the tough get going

坚强的人即使在困难中也会继续努力工作。
Meaning
Strong people keep working hard even in difficulties.
Example
**When the going gets tough, the tough get going** — never lose hope.
当情况变得艰难时，坚强的人会坚持下去 — 永远不要失去希望。
idiom

go separate ways

结束一段关系或伙伴关系
Meaning
to end a relationship or partnership
Example
After ten years together, they decided to **go separate ways**.
十年后，他们决定**各走各的路**。
idiom

a long shot

成功机会很小的事情
Meaning
something that has a very small chance of success
Example
Winning the competition is **a long shot**, but we’ll try.
赢得比赛的可能性很小，但我们会试试。
idiom

come into one's own

达到成熟或充分发挥潜力
Meaning
to reach a stage of maturity or full potential
Example
She really **came into her own** after starting her own business.
她在开始自己的事业后真正发挥了全部潜力。
idiom

ring the changes

对某事进行改变，使其更加有趣或有效
Meaning
to make changes to something to make it more interesting or effective
Example
The restaurant decided to **ring the changes** with a new menu.
餐厅决定通过新的菜单进行改变。
idiom

Sail close to the wind

冒险或危险行事。
Meaning
To take risks or act dangerously.
Example
He’s **sailing close to the wind** by lying to his boss.
他通过对老板撒谎，**在风中航行得很近**。
idiom

on good terms

保持友好和平的关系
Meaning
to have a friendly and peaceful relationship
Example
They are still **on good terms** even after the breakup.
他们即使分手后仍然关系很好。
idiom

prodigal son

一个离家出走并且在浪费财富或机会后悔回归的人
Meaning
a person who leaves home and returns repentant after wasting wealth or opportunities
Example
After years abroad, he returned home like **the prodigal son**.
在国外多年后，他像**浪子回头**一样回到了家。
idiom

call the bluff

挑战某人证明他们的权威或主张
Meaning
to challenge someone to prove their authority or claim
Example
She **called his bluff** when he threatened to quit.
当他威胁辞职时，她揭穿了他的虚张声势。
idiom

pat on the back

为某人做得好而赞扬或祝贺
Meaning
to praise or congratulate someone for doing something well
Example
You deserve a **pat on the back** for your effort.
你应得一个**拍打背部**，因为你付出了努力。
idiom

data lake

存储原始、未处理数据的大型存储库
Meaning
a large storage repository that holds raw, unprocessed data
Example
All raw data is stored in the **data lake** for further analysis.
所有原始数据都存储在 **数据湖** 中以供进一步分析。
idiom

cut above the rest

比别人更好
Meaning
to be better than others
Example
His presentation was **a cut above the rest**.
他的演讲比别人更好。
idiom

iron curtain

在意识形态或政治上分隔国家的障碍
Meaning
a barrier separating nations ideologically or politically
Example
During the Cold War, Europe was divided by the **iron curtain**.
在冷战期间，欧洲被**铁幕**分隔开。
idiom

robotic response

无感情或机械的反应
Meaning
an emotionless or mechanical reaction
Example
She gave a **robotic response** during the interview.
她在面试中给出了一个机械反应。
idiom

back into

无意中向后移到某物中
Meaning
to move backwards into something unintentionally
Example
I nearly **backed into** the recycling bin while parking.
我差点在停车时倒退进回收箱里。
idiom

speaking for myself

只陈述个人意见，而非他人
Meaning
stating one’s personal opinion only, not others’
Example
**Speaking for myself**, I think we should wait.
**就我而言**，我认为我们应该等待。
idiom

pat yourself on the back

因为做得好而称赞自己
Meaning
to praise yourself for doing something well
Example
You should **pat yourself on the back** for finishing that project.
你应该为完成那个项目而称赞自己。
idiom

open and shut case

一个容易决定或显而易见的案件
Meaning
a case that is easily decided or obvious
Example
It was an **open and shut case** with clear evidence.
这是一个有明确证据的显而易见的案件。
idiom

drum up

增加对某事的兴趣或支持
Meaning
to increase interest or support for something
Example
The volunteers are visiting schools to **drum up** excitement for the festival.
志愿者正在访问学校，以增加节日的兴奋。
idiom

keep away from

避免某人或某事
Meaning
to avoid someone or something
Example
You should **keep away from** sugary drinks right now.
你现在应该**远离含糖饮料**。
idiom

walking on air

感到非常高兴和激动
Meaning
to feel very happy and excited
Example
After winning the match, he was **walking on air**.
赢了比赛后，他高兴得飘飘然。
idiom

keep the dream alive

继续为目标工作或追求，即使遭遇困难
Meaning
to continue to hope or work toward a goal even after setbacks
Example
Even after the failure, they **kept the dream alive**.
即使失败，他们依然坚持着实现自己的梦想。
idiom

Take my word for it

相信我说的话；相信我。
Meaning
Trust what I am saying; believe me.
Example
**Take my word for it**, this method really works.
相信我，这个方法真的有效。
idiom

tie up loose ends

完成项目剩下的小任务
Meaning
to complete the remaining small tasks of a project
Example
Before the deadline, we need to **tie up loose ends**.
在截止日期之前，我们需要完成剩下的事情。
idiom

mix in

將一件事物與其他事物結合
Meaning
to combine one thing with others
Example
Now **mix in** the chopped herbs.
現在將切碎的香草混合進去。
idiom

strike it rich

突然赚很多钱
Meaning
to suddenly make a lot of money
Example
They **struck it rich** after investing in that startup.
他们在投资该初创公司后突然赚了很多钱。
idiom

have a one-track mind

一直只想一件事
Meaning
to think about only one thing all the time
Example
He **has a one-track mind** when it comes to his business.
当涉及到他的生意时，他**有单一思维**。
idiom

a gray area

一种不清楚或可以用多种方式理解的情况或话题
Meaning
a situation or topic that is not clear or that can be understood in more than one way
Example
The question of intellectual property rights in the digital age is still **a gray area**.
数字时代的知识产权问题仍然是**灰色地带**。
idiom

to go viral

迅速传播，尤其是在网上
Meaning
to spread rapidly, especially online
Example
The new research paper **went viral** on social media.
这篇新研究论文在社交媒体上**迅速传播**。
idiom

sweet tooth

对甜食的喜爱
Meaning
a love for sweet foods
Example
She has a **sweet tooth** and can’t resist desserts.
她有一个**甜食癖**，无法抗拒甜点。
idiom

whatever floats your boat

做让你开心或感兴趣的事
Meaning
do whatever makes you happy or interested
Example
If you enjoy watching paint dry, **whatever floats your boat**.
如果你喜欢看油漆干，就去做让你开心的事。
idiom

lose track of

忘记或不再意识到某事
Meaning
to forget or stop being aware of something
Example
I completely **lost track of time** while watching the movie.
我看电影时完全忘了时间。
idiom

fall on one's sword

为失败承担责任，通常付出巨大的个人代价
Meaning
to take responsibility for a failure, often at great personal cost
Example
He decided to **fall on his sword** and resign after the scandal.
他决定在丑闻之后**为自己承担责任**并辞职。
idiom

in the wrong

对错误或糟糕情况负责。
Meaning
to be responsible for a mistake or bad situation.
Example
He knew he was **in the wrong** for shouting at her.
他知道大声对她喊是他的错。
idiom

sitting on a gold mine

拥有某些非常有价值的东西，但尚未意识到
Meaning
to have something very valuable that is not yet realized
Example
That old property is worth millions — you're **sitting on a gold mine**.
那块老物业价值数百万——你坐在一座金矿上。
idiom

android-like

像机器人一样没有情感或机械地行动
Meaning
acting emotionless or mechanical like a robot
Example
He works in an **android-like** manner, without any emotion.
他以**android-like**的方式工作，没有任何情感。
idiom

easy money

用很少的努力赚到的钱
Meaning
money earned with little effort
Example
He thought gambling was **easy money**, but he lost everything.
他以为赌博是**轻松赚的钱**，但他失去了所有。
idiom

lay down the law

明确而坚定地声明规则
Meaning
to state rules firmly and clearly
Example
The manager **laid down the law** about punctuality.
经理对准时问题明确规定了规则。
idiom

mums the word

对秘密保持沉默
Meaning
keep silent about a secret
Example
**Mum’s the word** about the new project.
对新项目保持沉默。
idiom

afraid of your own shadow

容易受惊的人
Meaning
to be easily frightened
Example
He’s so timid; he’s **afraid of his own shadow**.
他非常胆小，连自己的影子都害怕。
idiom

hope against hope

即使看起来不可能也继续抱有希望
Meaning
to continue hoping even when it seems impossible
Example
They **hoped against hope** that their team would win.
他们仍然怀着希望，希望他们的团队能获胜。
idiom

under someone's thumb

完全在某人控制之下
Meaning
completely under someone's control
Example
He's **under his boss's thumb** and can't make his own decisions.
他**在老板的控制下**，不能做出自己的决定。